Results for 'Matthew C. Wood'

965 found
Order:
  1.  17
    Interest and deferred consumption in the rat.James Allison & Matthew C. Wood - 1991 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 29 (2):168-170.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  2.  60
    Kant and Applied Ethics: The Uses and Limits of Kant's Practical Philosophy.Matthew C. Altman - 2011 - Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
    _Kant and Applied Ethics_ makes an important contribution to Kant scholarship, illuminating the vital moral parameters of key ethical debates. Offers a critical analysis of Kant’s ethics, interrogating the theoretical bases of his theory and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses Examines the controversies surrounding the most important ethical discussions taking place today, including abortion, the death penalty, and same-sex marriage Joins innovative thinkers in contemporary Kantian scholarship, including Christine Korsgaard, Allen Wood, and Barbara Herman, in taking Kant’s philosophy in (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   20 citations  
  3.  18
    Animal Suffering and Moral Character.Matthew C. Altman - 2011 - In Kant and Applied Ethics: The Uses and Limits of Kant's Practical Philosophy. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 13–44.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Kant's Logocentrism Kant's Justification for Our Duties (with Regard) to Nonrational Animals Implications of Kant's View for Our Treatment of Animals Kantians Revising Kant: Wood and Korsgaard Problems with Wood and Korsgaard Kant's Response to Wolff: The Difference between Animal Choice and Moral Agency Evaluating Pain and Pleasure Kant's Practical Appeal Final Thoughts for the Nonanthropocentrist.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  4.  41
    Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Allen Wood (ed.), Attempt at a Critique of All Revelation[REVIEW]Matthew C. Altman - 2010 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2010 (5).
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  5.  22
    Matthew C. Canfield: Translating food sovereignty: Cultivating justice in an age of transnational governance.Tiffany K. Woods - 2023 - Agriculture and Human Values 40 (2):781-782.
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  6.  68
    Beyond “Monologicality”? Exploring Conspiracist Worldviews.Bradley Franks, Adrian Bangerter, Martin W. Bauer, Matthew Hall & Mark C. Noort - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8:250235.
    Conspiracy theories (CTs) are widespread ways by which people make sense of unsettling or disturbing cultural events. Belief in CTs is often connected to problematic consequences, such as decreased engagement with conventional political action or even political extremism, so understanding the psychological and social qualities of CTs belief is important. CTs have often been understood to be “monological”, displaying the tendency for belief in one conspiracy theory to be correlated with belief in (many) others. Explanations of monologicality invoke a nomothetical (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  7. An obligation to provide abortion services: what happens when physicians refuse?C. Meyers & R. D. Woods - 1996 - Journal of Medical Ethics 22 (2):115-120.
    Access to abortion services in the United States continues to decline. It does so not because of significant changes in legislation or court rulings but because fewer and fewer physicians wish to perform abortions and because most states now have "conscientious objection" legislation that makes it easy for physicians to refuse to do so. We argue in this paper that physicians have an obligation to perform all socially sanctioned medical services, including abortions, and thus that the burden of justification lies (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   27 citations  
  8.  46
    Scientism: Philosophy and the Infatuation with Science. [REVIEW]Roger Harris, Kevin Magill, Vincent Geoghegan, Anthony Elliott, Chris Arthur, Michael Gardiner, David Macey, Nöel Parker, Alex Klaushofer, Gary Kitchen, Tom Furniss, Christopher J. Arthur, Sadie Plant, Fred Inglis, Matthew Rampley, Alison Ainley, Daryl Glaser, Jean-Jacques Lecercle, Sean Sayers, Keith Ansell-Pearson & Lucy Frith - 1992 - Radical Philosophy 61 (61).
  9. Critical Notice Ecumenicalism and Perennialism Revisited: MATTHEW C. BAGGER.Matthew C. Bagger - 1991 - Religious Studies 27 (3):399-411.
    Recently Robert Forman has attempted to muster support for the largely abandoned position that mystical experiences cross-culturally include an unmediated, non-relative core. To reopen the debate he has solicited essays from likeminded scholars for his book, The Problem of Pure Consciousness. Predictably the focus of the volume rests on the refutation of the position most notably expounded by Steven Katz in his influential article of 1978, ‘Language, Epistemology and Mysticism’.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  10. Philosophical Methodology: The Armchair or the Laboratory?Matthew C. Haug (ed.) - 2013 - New York: Routledge.
    What methodology should philosophers follow? Should they rely on methods that can be conducted from the armchair? Or should they leave the armchair and turn to the methods of the natural sciences, such as experiments in the laboratory? Or is this opposition itself a false one? Arguments about philosophical methodology are raging in the wake of a number of often conflicting currents, such as the growth of experimental philosophy, the resurgence of interest in metaphysical questions, and the use of formal (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   19 citations  
  11. Intellectual virtues: an essay in regulative epistemology.Robert C. Roberts & W. Jay Wood - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press. Edited by W. Jay Wood.
    From the ferment of recent debates about the intellectual virtues, Roberts and Wood develop an approach they call 'regulative epistemology', exploring the connection between knowledge and intellectual virtue. In the course of their argument they analyse particular virtues of intellectual life - such as courage, generosity, and humility - in detail.
  12. Kant on sex and marriage: The implications for the same-sex marriage debate.Matthew C. Altman - 2010 - Kant Studien 101 (3):309-330.
    When examined critically, Kant's views on sex and marriage give us the tools to defend same-sex marriage on moral grounds. The sexual objectification of one's partner can only be overcome when two people take responsibility for one another's overall well-being, and this commitment is enforced through legal coercion. Kant's views on the unnaturalness of homosexuality do not stand up to scrutiny, and he cannot (as he often tries to) restrict the purpose of sex to procreation. Kant himself rules out marriage (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   24 citations  
  13.  64
    Against Inefficacy Objections: the Real Economic Impact of Individual Consumer Choices on Animal Agriculture.Matthew C. Halteman & Steven McMullen - 2019 - Food Ethics 2 (2-3):93-110.
    When consumers choose to abstain from purchasing meat, they face some uncertainty about whether their decisions will have an impact on the number of animals raised and killed. Consequentialists have argued that this uncertainty should not dissuade consumers from a vegetarian diet because the “expected” impact, or average impact, will be predictable. Recently, however, critics have argued that the expected marginal impact of a consumer change is likely to be much smaller or more radically unpredictable than previously thought. This objection (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  14.  42
    A Theory of Legal Punishment: Deterrence, Retribution, and the Aims of the State.Matthew C. Altman - 2021 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    "This book argues for a mixed view of punishment that balances consequentialism and retributivism. He has published extensively on philosophy and applied ethics. A central question in the philosophy of law is why the state's punishment of its own citizens is justified. Traditionally, two theories of punishment have dominated the field: consequentialism and retributivism. According to consequentialism, punishment is justified when it maximizes positive outcomes. According to retributivism, criminals should be punished because they deserve it. This book defends a mixed (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  15. Resolving the paradox of common, harmful, heritable mental disorders: Which evolutionary genetic models work best?Matthew C. Keller & Geoffrey Miller - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (4):385-404.
    Given that natural selection is so powerful at optimizing complex adaptations, why does it seem unable to eliminate genes (susceptibility alleles) that predispose to common, harmful, heritable mental disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder? We assess three leading explanations for this apparent paradox from evolutionary genetic theory: (1) ancestral neutrality (susceptibility alleles were not harmful among ancestors), (2) balancing selection (susceptibility alleles sometimes increased fitness), and (3) polygenic mutation-selection balance (mental disorders reflect the inevitable mutational load on the thousands (...)
    Direct download (10 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   21 citations  
  16. Realization, determination, and mechanisms.Matthew C. Haug - 2010 - Philosophical Studies 150 (3):313-330.
    Several philosophers (e.g., Ehring (Nous (Detroit, Mich.) 30:461–480, 1996 ); Funkhouser (Nous (Detroit, Mich.) 40:548–569, 2006 ); Walter (Canadian Journal of Philosophy 37:217–244, 2007 ) have argued that there are metaphysical differences between the determinable-determinate relation and the realization relation between mental and physical properties. Others have challenged this claim (e.g., Wilson (Philosophical Studies, 2009 ). In this paper, I argue that there are indeed such differences and propose a “mechanistic” account of realization that elucidates why these differences hold. This (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   15 citations  
  17.  44
    A consequentialist argument for considering age in triage decisions during the coronavirus pandemic.Matthew C. Altman - 2021 - Bioethics 35 (4):356-365.
    Most ethics guidelines for distributing scarce medical resources during the coronavirus pandemic seek to save the most lives and the most life‐years. A patient’s prognosis is determined using a SOFA or MSOFA score to measure likelihood of survival to discharge, as well as a consideration of relevant comorbidities and their effects on likelihood of survival up to one or five years. Although some guidelines use age as a tiebreaker when two patients’ prognoses are identical, others refuse to consider age for (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  18.  23
    Learning abstract visual concepts via probabilistic program induction in a Language of Thought.Matthew C. Overlan, Robert A. Jacobs & Steven T. Piantadosi - 2017 - Cognition 168 (C):320-334.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  19.  19
    Religious Experience, Justification, and History.Matthew C. Bagger - 1999 - Cambridge University Press.
    Recently, many philosophers of religion have sought to defend the rationality of religious belief by shifting the burden of proof onto the critic of religious belief. Some have appealed to extraordinary religious experience in making their case. Religious Experience, Justification, and History restores neglected explanatory and historical considerations to the debate. Through a study of William James, it contests the accounts of religious experience offered in recent works. Through reflection on the history of philosophy, it also unravels the philosophical use (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  20.  46
    Knowledge-Making in Politics: Expertise in Democracy and Epistocracy.Matthew C. Lucky - 2024 - Political Theory 52 (3):431-458.
    Recently, epistocrats have challenged the value of democracy by claiming that policy outcomes can be improved if the electorate were narrowed to empower only those with sufficient knowledge to inform competent policy decisions. I argue that by centering on contesting how well regimes employ extant knowledge in decision-making, this conversation has neglected to consider how regimes influence the production of knowledge over time. Science and technology studies scholars have long recognized that political systems impact the productivity of expert research. I (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  21.  14
    Are Older Adults Less Embodied? A Review of Age Effects through the Lens of Embodied Cognition.Matthew C. Costello & Emily K. Bloesch - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  22. The Decomposition of the Corporate Body: What Kant Cannot Contribute to Business Ethics.Matthew C. Altman - 2007 - Journal of Business Ethics 74 (3):253-266.
    Kant is gaining popularity in business ethics because the categorical imperative rules out actions such as deceptive advertising and exploitative working conditions, both of which treat people merely as means to an end. However, those who apply Kant in this way often hold businesses themselves morally accountable, and this conception of collective responsibility contradicts the kind of moral agency that underlies Kant's ethics. A business has neither inclinations nor the capacity to reason, so it lacks the conditions necessary for constraint (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   14 citations  
  23. Varieties of Harm to Animals in Industrial Farming.Matthew C. Halteman - 2011 - Journal of Animal Ethics 1 (2):122-131.
    Skeptics of the moral case against industrial farming often assert that harm to animals in industrial systems is limited to isolated instances of abuse that do not reflect standard practice and thus do not merit criticism of the industry at large. I argue that even if skeptics are correct that abuse is the exception rather than the rule, they must still answer for two additional varieties of serious harm to animals that are pervasive in industrial systems: procedural harm and institutional (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  24.  22
    Nietzsche, Nishitani, and Laruelle on the Apostle Paul: tradition and the affirmation of life.Matthew C. Kruger - forthcoming - Comparative and Continental Philosophy.
    This article offers two further philosophical engagements with the writings of the Apostle Paul. The recent work of Francois Laruelle on Paul in his turn to Christian non-theology is placed in dialogue with Nishitani Keiji’s account. This effort is accomplished by briefly grounding the discussion in Friedrich Nietzsche’s interpretation, where Paul is cast as the inventor of Christianity and the primary influence in the religion’s turn to a doctrinal and world-denying form of existence. As described here, Laruelle follows the broad (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  25. Kant in the Time of COVID.Matthew C. Altman - 2022 - Kantian Journal 41 (1):89-117.
    During the coronavirus pandemic, communities have faced shortages of important healthcare resources such as COVID-19 vaccines, medical staff, ICU beds and ventilators. Public health officials in the U.S. have had to make decisions about two major issues: which infected patients should be treated first, and which people who are at risk of infection should be inoculated first. Following Beauchamp and Childress’s principlism, adopted guidelines have tended to value both whole lives and life-years. This process of collective moral reasoning has revealed (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  26.  48
    Reframing the Debate over Performance-Enhancing Drugs: The Reasonable Athlete Argument.Matthew C. Altman - 2023 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy:1-14.
    Two of the major arguments against performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), appealing to fairness and the protection of athletes’ health, have serious flaws. First, there is no relevant moral distinction between the use of PEDs and the use of other performance enhancers that introduce unfairness and that we accept nonetheless. Second, prohibiting PEDs for athletes’ own good ignores the fact that adult athletes are constantly making tradeoffs to improve performance and pursue excellence, including sacrificing their health. We should not paternalistically impose our (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  27. Abstraction and Explanatory Relevance; or, Why Do the Special Sciences Exist?Matthew C. Haug - 2011 - Philosophy of Science 78 (5):1143-1155.
    Non-reductive physicalists have long held that the special sciences offer explanations of some phenomena that are objectively superior to physical explanations. This explanatory “autonomy” has largely been based on the multiple realizability argument. Recently, in the face of the local reduction and disjunctive property responses to multiple realizability, some defenders of non-reductive physicalism have suggested that autonomy can be grounded merely in human cognitive limitations. In this paper, I argue that this is mistaken. By distinguishing between two kinds of abstraction (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  28.  60
    Derrida, Stengers, Latour, and Subalternist Cosmopolitics.Matthew C. Watson - 2014 - Theory, Culture and Society 31 (1):75-98.
    Postcolonial science studies entails ostensibly contradictory critical and empirical commitments. Science studies scholars influenced by Bruno Latour and Isabelle Stengers embrace forms of realist, radical empiricism, while postcolonial studies scholars influenced by Jacques Derrida trace the limits of the knowable. This essay takes their common use of the term cosmopolitics as an unexpected point of departure for reconciling Derrida’s program with Stengers’s and Latour’s. I read Derrida’s critique of hospitality and Stengers’s and Latour’s ontological politics as necessary complements for conceiving (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  29. Humility and epistemic goods.Robert C. Roberts & W. Jay Wood - 2003 - In Michael Raymond DePaul & Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski (eds.), Intellectual virtue: perspectives from ethics and epistemology. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 257--279.
    Some of the most interesting works in virtue ethics are the detailed, perceptive treatments of specific virtues and vices. This chapter aims to develop such work as it relates to intellectual virtues and vices. It begins by examining the virtue of intellectual humility. Its strategy is to situate humility in relation to its various opposing vices, which include vices like arrogance, vanity, conceit, egotism, grandiosity, pretentiousness, snobbishness, haughtiness, and self-complacency. From this list vanity and arrogance are focused on in particular. (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   38 citations  
  30.  19
    The Scope of Patient Autonomy.Matthew C. Altman - 2011 - In Kant and Applied Ethics: The Uses and Limits of Kant's Practical Philosophy. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 90–114.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Physician‐Assisted Suicide Refusing Life‐Saving Medical Treatment Organ Donation: Opt‐in or Opt‐out? Autonomy and the Body.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  31.  34
    Fast, Cheap, and Unethical? The Interplay of Morality and Methodology in Crowdsourced Survey Research.Matthew C. Haug - 2018 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 9 (2):363-379.
    Crowdsourcing is an increasingly popular method for researchers in the social and behavioral sciences, including experimental philosophy, to recruit survey respondents. Crowdsourcing platforms, such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), have been seen as a way to produce high quality survey data both quickly and cheaply. However, in the last few years, a number of authors have claimed that the low pay rates on MTurk are morally unacceptable. In this paper, I explore some of the methodological implications for online experimental philosophy (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  32.  34
    Comportment, not cognition: Contributions to a phenomenology of judgment.Matthew C. Weidenfeld - 2011 - Contemporary Political Theory 10 (2):232-254.
    Current theoretical account of judgment has a difficult time saying anything positive about the experience of judging and, when they do offer positive accounts, they seem to overlook much that we know about the capacity already in our daily lives. Following the work of Martin Heidegger and Hubert Dreyfus, this article provides a phenomenological consideration of the structure of judging that considers judgment not as an intellectual act, but as a comportment. The article proceeds in two parts. The first offers (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  33.  47
    The Palgrave Kant Handbook.Matthew C. Altman (ed.) - 2017 - London: Palgrave Macmillan.
    This remarkably comprehensive Handbook provides a multifaceted yet carefully crafted investigation into the work of Immanuel Kant, one of the greatest philosophers the world has ever seen. With original contributions from leading international scholars in the field, this authoritative volume first sets Kant’s work in its biographical and historical context. It then proceeds to explain and evaluate his revolutionary work in metaphysics and epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion, political philosophy, philosophy of history, philosophy of education, (...)
  34.  13
    Ecology and Existence: Bringing Sartre to the Water's Edge.Matthew C. Ally - 2017 - Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
    In this book, Matthew C. Ally explores the changing and increasingly troubled relationship between humankind and planet Earth. Oriented by the seemingly simple example of a woodland pond, he draws together insights from existential philosophy, scientific ecology, and several disciplines in the social sciences and humanities to articulate a strong sense of human belonging in the living Earth community and a binding imperative of participation in the struggle to preserve a habitable planet and build a livable world.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  35. "Diversifying Effective Altruism's Long Shots in Animal Advocacy: An Invitation to Prioritize Black Vegans, Higher Education, and Religious Communities".Matthew C. Halteman - 2023 - In Carol J. Adams, Alice Crary & Lori Gruen (eds.), The Good It Promises, The Harm It Does: Critical Essays on Effective Altruism. New York, US: Oxford University Press. pp. 76-93.
    In “Diversifying Effective Altruism’s Longshots in Animal Advocacy”, Matthew C. Halteman acknowledges the value of aspects of the EA method but considers two potential critical concerns. First, it isn’t always clear that effective altruism succeeds in doing the most good, especially where long-shots like foiling misaligned AI or producing meat without animals are concerned. Second, one might worry that investing large sums of money in long-shots like these, even if they do succeed, has the opportunity cost of failing adequately (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  36. Two Kinds of Completeness and the Uses (and Abuses) of Exclusion Principles.Matthew C. Haug - 2009 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 47 (4):379-401.
    I argue that the completeness of physics is composed of two distinct claims. The first is the commonly made claim that, roughly, every physical event is completely causally determined by physical events. The second has rarely, if ever, been explicitly stated in the literature and is the claim that microphysics provides a complete inventory of the fundamental categories that constitute both the causal features and intrinsic nature of all the events that causally affect the physical universe. After showing that these (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  37. What is it like to be free?Matthew C. Eshleman - 2010 - In Jonathan Webber (ed.), Reading Sartre: On Phenomenology and Existentialism. New York: Routledge.
  38. Natural Properties and the Special Sciences: Nonreductive Physicalism without Levels of Reality or Multiple Realizability.Matthew C. Haug - 2011 - The Monist 94 (2):244-266.
    In this paper, I investigate how different views about the vertical and horizontal structure of reality affect the debate between reductive and nonreductive physicalism. This debate is commonly assumed to hinge on whether there are high-level, special-science properties that are distinct from low-level physical properties and whether the alleged multiple realizability of high-level properties establishes this. I defend a metaphysical interpretation of nonreductive physicalismin the absence of both of these assumptions. Adopting an independently motivated, discipline-relative account of natural properties and (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  39.  54
    Cosmopolitics and the Subaltern.Matthew C. Watson - 2011 - Theory, Culture and Society 28 (3):55-79.
    This essay traces the ontological and political limits of Bruno Latour’s conceptualization of the ‘common world’. Latour formulates this concept in explicating how modernist scientific and political institutions require a metaphysical foundation that is anti-democratic in rigidly partitioning nature from society. In the stead of nature/society, Latour proposes a ‘cosmopolitics’ in which we recognize our embroilment in systems comprised of heterogeneous human and nonhuman actors, and seek to innovate appropriate procedures for governing such systems and composing a more peaceful common (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  40.  65
    Heidegger’s appropriation of Aristotle: Phronesis, conscience, and seeing through the one.Matthew C. Weidenfeld - 2011 - European Journal of Political Theory 10 (2):254-276.
    This article attempts to show that Heidegger’s phenomenology may shed light on political phenomena. It pursues this project by arguing that Heidegger’s phenomenology is an appropriation of Aristotle’s practical philosophy and his conceptualization of phronesis. I argue that, in Being and Time, Heidegger’s ‘circumspection’, which is a capacity for making sense of practical situations, is a translation of phronesis. Heidegger argues, though, that the sight of circumspection is foreshortened by the rules and norms of ‘the one’. In division 2, ‘conscience’ (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  41. Trait Self-Control, Inhibition, and Executive Functions: Rethinking some Traditional Assumptions.Matthew C. Haug - 2021 - Neuroethics 14 (2):303-314.
    This paper draws on work in the sciences of the mind to cast doubt on some assumptions that have often been made in the study of self-control. Contra a long, Aristotelian tradition, recent evidence suggests that highly self-controlled individuals do not have a trait very similar to continence: they experience relatively few desires that conflict with their evaluative judgments and are not especially good at directly and effortfully inhibiting such desires. Similarly, several recent studies have failed to support the view (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  42. Situationism and the problem of moral improvement.Matthew C. Taylor - 2019 - Philosophical Explorations 22 (3):312-327.
    A wealth of research in social psychology indicates that various ethically arbitrary situational factors exert a surprisingly powerful influence on moral conduct. Empirically-minded philosophers have argued over the last two decades that this evidence challenges Aristotelian virtue ethics. John Doris, Gilbert Harman, and Maria Merritt have argued that situationist moral psychology – as opposed to Aristotelian moral psychology – is better suited to the practical aim of helping agents act better. The Aristotelian account, with its emphasis on individual factors, invites (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  43. Of mice and metaphysics: Natural selection and realized population‐level properties.Matthew C. Haug - 2007 - Philosophy of Science 74 (4):431-451.
    In this paper, I answer a fundamental question facing any view according to which natural selection is a population‐level causal process—namely, how is the causal process of natural selection related to, yet not preempted by, causal processes that occur at the level of individual organisms? Without an answer to this grounding question, the population‐level causal view appears unstable—collapsing into either an individual‐level causal interpretation or the claim that selection is a purely formal, statistical phenomenon. I argue that a causal account (...)
    Direct download (9 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  44.  49
    The Limits of Kant’s Cosmopolitanism: Theory, Practice, and the Crisis in Syria.Matthew C. Altman - 2017 - Kantian Review 22 (2):179-204.
    Although Kant defends a cosmopolitan ideal, his philosophy is problematically vague regarding how to achieve it, which lends support to the empty formalism charge. How Kant would respond to the crisis in Syria reveals that judgement plays too central a role, because Kantian principles lead to equally reasonable but opposite conclusions on how to weigh the duty of hospitality to refugees against a state’s duty to its own citizens, the right of prevention towards ISIS against the duty not to harm (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  45. "Philosophy as Therapy for Recovering (Unrestrained) Omnivores".Matthew C. Halteman & Megan Halteman Zwart - 2016 - In Andrew Chignell, Terence Cuneo & Matthew C. Halteman (eds.), Philosophy Comes to Dinner: Arguments on the Ethics of Eating. Routledge.
    Recourse to a variety of well-constructed arguments is undoubtedly a significant strategic asset for cultivating more ethical eating habits and convincing others to follow suit. Nevertheless, common obstacles often prevent even the best arguments from getting traction in our lives. For one thing, many of us enter the discussion hampered by firmly-entrenched but largely uninvestigated assumptions about food that make it difficult to imagine how even well-supported arguments that challenge our familiar frames of culinary reference could actually apply to us. (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  46.  33
    Heidegger, Marion, and the Theological Turn: “The Vanity of Authenticity” and the Answer to Nihilism.Matthew C. Kruger - 2022 - Sophia 62 (2):341-358.
    This article explores the responses to nihilism offered by Jean-Luc Marion and Martin Heidegger. In particular, this paper offers a response to Steven DeLay’s ‘The vanity of authenticity’; DeLay’s text argues for the superiority of Marion’s response to nihilism through his notion of vanity and, further, argues that this supposed defeat of Heidegger by Marion lays the foundation for the theological turn in philosophy. This paper will instead suggest that Marion has not in fact surpassed Heidegger, that his concept of (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  47.  20
    In Defense of a Mixed Theory of Punishment.Matthew C. Altman - 2022 - In The Palgrave Handbook on the Philosophy of Punishment. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 195-219.
    In this chapter, Altman gives two separate arguments that, in conjunction, support a mixed theory of punishment. First, he shows that consequentialism is insufficient on its own because it cannot capture the condemnatory function of the law as an expression of the community’s resentment. Second, he shows that retributivism is insufficient on its own because any plausible legal arrangement must be committed to some non-retributivist values. He then argues that the institution of punishment is justified by its costs and benefits, (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  48.  32
    The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism.Matthew C. Altman (ed.) - 2014 - London: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    German Idealism was without doubt one of the most fruitful, influential, and exciting periods in the history of philosophy. The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism covers this revolutionary philosophical movement in remarkable detail and includes contributions from 36 of the leading scholars in the field, including Paul Guyer, Terry Pinkard, Violetta Waibel, Jason Wirth, and Günter Zöller. In his introduction, Matthew Altman investigates the meaning of idealism and sets the historical context. Ensuing chapters then consider the philosophical importance of (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  49.  39
    4 Beauvoir and Sartre on Freedom, Intersubjectivity, and Normative Justification.Matthew C. Eshleman - 2009 - In Christine Daigle & Jacob Golomb (eds.), Beauvoir and Sartre: The Riddle of Influence. Indiana University Press. pp. 65--89.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  50. The misplaced chapter on bad faith, or reading being and nothingness in reverse.Matthew C. Eshleman - 2008 - Sartre Studies International 14 (2):1-22.
    This essay argues that an adequate account of bad faith cannot be given without taking the second half of Being and Nothingness into consideration. There are two separate but related reasons for this. First, the objectifying gaze of Others provides a necessary condition for the possibility of bad faith. Sartre, however, does not formally introduce analysis of Others until Parts III and IV. Second, upon the introduction of Others, Sartre revises his view of absolute freedom. Sartre's considered view of freedom (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
1 — 50 / 965