Results for 'Probabilistic parsing'

958 found
Order:
  1.  30
    (1 other version)Parsing and Hypergraphs.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    While symbolic parsers can be viewed as deduction systems, this view is less natural for probabilistic parsers. We present a view of parsing as directed hypergraph analysis which naturally covers both symbolic and probabilistic parsing. We illustrate the approach by showing how a dynamic extension of Dijkstra’s algorithm can be used to construct a probabilistic chart parser with an Ç´Ò¿µ time bound for arbitrary PCFGs, while preserving as much of the flexibility of symbolic chart parsers (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  2.  80
    A Probabilistic Model of Semantic Plausibility in Sentence Processing.Ulrike Padó, Matthew W. Crocker & Frank Keller - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (5):794-838.
    Experimental research shows that human sentence processing uses information from different levels of linguistic analysis, for example, lexical and syntactic preferences as well as semantic plausibility. Existing computational models of human sentence processing, however, have focused primarily on lexico‐syntactic factors. Those models that do account for semantic plausibility effects lack a general model of human plausibility intuitions at the sentence level. Within a probabilistic framework, we propose a wide‐coverage model that both assigns thematic roles to verb–argument pairs and determines (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  3.  31
    A Probabilistic Model of Lexical and Syntactic Access and Disambiguation.Daniel Jurafsky - 1996 - Cognitive Science 20 (2):137-194.
    The problems of access—retrieving linguistic structure from some mental grammar —and disambiguation—choosing among these structures to correctly parse ambiguous linguistic input—are fundamental to language understanding. The literature abounds with psychological results on lexical access, the access of idioms, syntactic rule access, parsing preferences, syntactic disambiguation, and the processing of garden‐path sentences. Unfortunately, it has been difficult to combine models which account for these results to build a general, uniform model of access and disambiguation at the lexical, idiomatic, and syntactic (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   66 citations  
  4.  71
    A note on the expressive power of probabilistic context free grammars.Gabriel Infante-Lopez & Maarten De Rijke - 2006 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 15 (3):219-231.
    We examine the expressive power of probabilistic context free grammars (PCFGs), with a special focus on the use of probabilities as a mechanism for reducing ambiguity by filtering out unwanted parses. Probabilities in PCFGs induce an ordering relation among the set of trees that yield a given input sentence. PCFG parsers return the trees bearing the maximum probability for a given sentence, discarding all other possible trees. This mechanism is naturally viewed as a way of defining a new class (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  5.  19
    Optimizing Local Probability Models for Statistical Parsing.Mark Mitchell, Christopher D. Manning & Kristina Toutanova - unknown
    This paper studies the properties and performance of models for estimating local probability distributions which are used as components of larger probabilistic systems — history-based generative parsing models. We report experimental results showing that memory-based learning outperforms many commonly used methods for this task (Witten-Bell, Jelinek-Mercer with fixed weights, decision trees, and log-linear models). However, we can connect these results with the commonly used general class of deleted interpolation models by showing that certain types of memory-based learning, including (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  6. (1 other version)Learning a Generative Probabilistic Grammar of Experience: A Process‐Level Model of Language Acquisition.Oren Kolodny, Arnon Lotem & Shimon Edelman - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (4):227-267.
    We introduce a set of biologically and computationally motivated design choices for modeling the learning of language, or of other types of sequential, hierarchically structured experience and behavior, and describe an implemented system that conforms to these choices and is capable of unsupervised learning from raw natural-language corpora. Given a stream of linguistic input, our model incrementally learns a grammar that captures its statistical patterns, which can then be used to parse or generate new data. The grammar constructed in this (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  7.  50
    From Exemplar to Grammar: A Probabilistic Analogy‐Based Model of Language Learning.Rens Bod - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (5):752-793.
    While rules and exemplars are usually viewed as opposites, this paper argues that they form end points of the same distribution. By representing both rules and exemplars as (partial) trees, we can take into account the fluid middle ground between the two extremes. This insight is the starting point for a new theory of language learning that is based on the following idea: If a language learner does not know which phrase‐structure trees should be assigned to initial sentences, s/he allows (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   18 citations  
  8.  14
    A Note on the Expressive Power of Probabilistic Context Free Grammars.Gabriel Infante-Lopez & Maarten Rijke - 2006 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 15 (3):219-231.
    We examine the expressive power of probabilistic context free grammars (PCFGs), with a special focus on the use of probabilities as a mechanism for reducing ambiguity by filtering out unwanted parses. Probabilities in PCFGs induce an ordering relation among the set of trees that yield a given input sentence. PCFG parsers return the trees bearing the maximum probability for a given sentence, discarding all other possible trees. This mechanism is naturally viewed as a way of defining a new class (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  9.  54
    (1 other version)An Ç ´Ò¿ µ Agenda-Based Chart Parser for Arbitrary Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    While Ç ´Ò¿ µ methods for parsing probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs) are well known, a tabular parsing framework for arbitrary PCFGs which allows for botton-up, topdown, and other parsing strategies, has not yet been provided. This paper presents such an algorithm, and shows its correctness and advantages over prior work. The paper finishes by bringing out the connections between the algorithm and work on hypergraphs, which permits us to extend the presented Viterbi (best parse) algorithm to (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  10.  36
    ベイジアンネットワーク推定による確率モデル遺伝的プログラミング.伊庭 斉志 長谷川 禎彦 - 2007 - Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence 22 (1):37-47.
    Genetic Programming is a powerful optimization algorithm, which employs the crossover for genetic operation. Because the crossover operator in GP randomly selects sub-trees, the building blocks may be destroyed by the crossover. Recently, algorithms called PMBGPs based on probabilistic techniques have been proposed in order to improve the problem mentioned above. We propose a new PMBGP employing Bayesian network for generating new individuals with a special chromosome called expanded parse tree, which much reduces a number of possible symbols at (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  11.  78
    A Model of Language Processing as Hierarchic Sequential Prediction.Marten van Schijndel, Andy Exley & William Schuler - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (3):522-540.
    Computational models of memory are often expressed as hierarchic sequence models, but the hierarchies in these models are typically fairly shallow, reflecting the tendency for memories of superordinate sequence states to become increasingly conflated. This article describes a broad-coverage probabilistic sentence processing model that uses a variant of a left-corner parsing strategy to flatten sentence processing operations in parsing into a similarly shallow hierarchy of learned sequences. The main result of this article is that a broad-coverage model (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  12. Two Models of Minimalist, Incremental Syntactic Analysis.Edward P. Stabler - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (3):611-633.
    Minimalist grammars (MGs) and multiple context-free grammars (MCFGs) are weakly equivalent in the sense that they define the same languages, a large mildly context-sensitive class that properly includes context-free languages. But in addition, for each MG, there is an MCFG which is strongly equivalent in the sense that it defines the same language with isomorphic derivations. However, the structure-building rules of MGs but not MCFGs are defined in a way that generalizes across categories. Consequently, MGs can be exponentially more succinct (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  13.  19
    Modelling threshold phenomena in OWL: Metabolite concentrations as evidence for disorders.J. Hastings, L. Jansen, C. Steinbeck & S. Schulz - 2011 - In Michel Dumontier & Melanie Courtot, Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on OWL: Experiences and Directions.
    While genomic and proteomic information describe the overall cellular machinery available to an organism, the metabolic profile of an individual at a given time provides a canvas as to the current physiological state. Concentration levels of relevant metabolites vary under different conditions, in particular, in the presence or absence of different disorders. Metabolite concentrations thus mediate an important link between chemistry and biology, contributing to a systems-wide understanding of biological processes and pathways. However, there are a number of challenges in (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  14.  21
    Memory Versus Expectation: Processing Relative Clauses in a Flexible Word Order Language.Eszter Ronai & Ming Xiang - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (1):e13227.
    Memory limitations and probabilistic expectations are two key factors that have been posited to play a role in the incremental processing of natural language. Relative clauses (RCs) have long served as a key proving ground for such theories of language processing. Across three self-paced reading experiments, we test the online comprehension of Hungarian subject- and object-extracted RCs (SRCs and ORCs, respectively). We capitalize on the syntactic properties of Hungarian that allow for a variety of word orders within RCs, which (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  15.  7
    How Likely Is it that I Would Act the Same Way: Modeling Moral Judgment During Uncertainty.Paul C. Bogdan, Sanda Dolcos & Florin Dolcos - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (11):e70010.
    Moral rules come with exceptions, and moral judgments come with uncertainty. For instance, stealing is wrong and generally punished. Yet, it could be the case that the thief is stealing food for their family. Such information about the thief's context could flip admonishment to praise. To varying degrees, this type of uncertainty regarding the context of another person's behavior is ever-present in moral judgment. Hence, we propose a model of how people evaluate others’ behavior: We argue that individuals principally judge (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  16.  79
    Introduction.Jon Williamson - 2006 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 15 (1-2):1-3.
    The need for a coherent answer to this question has become increasingly urgent in the past few years, particularly in the field of artificial intelligence. There, both logical and probabilistic techniques are routinely applied in an attempt to solve complex problems such as parsing natural language and determining the way proteins fold. The hope is that some combination of logic and probability will produce better solutions. After all, both natural language and protein molecules have some structure that admits (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  17.  29
    Situated Language Understanding as Filtering Perceived Affordances.Peter Gorniak & Deb Roy - 2007 - Cognitive Science 31 (2):197-231.
    We introduce a computational theory of situated language understanding in which the meaning of words and utterances depends on the physical environment and the goals and plans of communication partners. According to the theory, concepts that ground linguistic meaning are neither internal nor external to language users, but instead span the objective‐subjective boundary. To model the possible interactions between subject and object, the theory relies on the notion of perceived affordances: structured units of interaction that can be used for prediction (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  18.  47
    A Bayesian‐Network Approach to Lexical Disambiguation.Leila M. R. Eizirik, Valmir C. Barbosa & Sueli B. T. Mendes - 1993 - Cognitive Science 17 (2):257-283.
    Lexical ambiguity can be syntactic if it involves more than one grammatical category for a single word, or semantic if more than one meaning can be associated with a word. In this article we discuss the application of a Bayesian‐network model in the resolution of lexical ambiguities of both types. The network we propose comprises a parsing subnetwork, which can be constructed automatically for any context‐free grammar, and a subnetwork for semantic analysis, which, in the spirit of Fillmore's (1968) (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  19.  14
    Feature Selection for a Rich HPSG Grammar Using Decision Trees.Christopher D. Manning & Kristina Toutanova - unknown
    This paper examines feature selection for log linear models over rich constraint-based grammar (HPSG) representations by building decision trees over features in corresponding probabilistic context free grammars (PCFGs). We show that single decision trees do not make optimal use of the available information; constructed ensembles of decision trees based on different feature subspaces show signifi- cant performance gains (14% parse selection error reduction). We compare the performance of the learned PCFG grammars and log linear models over the same features.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  20.  38
    Statistical models of syntax learning and use.Mark Johnson & Stefan Riezler - 2002 - Cognitive Science 26 (3):239-253.
    This paper shows how to define probability distributions over linguistically realistic syntactic structures in a way that permits us to define language learning and language comprehension as statistical problems. We demonstrate our approach using lexical‐functional grammar (LFG), but our approach generalizes to virtually any linguistic theory. Our probabilistic models are maximum entropy models. In this paper we concentrate on statistical inference procedures for learning the parameters that define these probability distributions. We point out some of the practical problems that (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  21.  9
    Honestidad y Otras Características Deseables Para El Desarrollo Tecnológico.Martín Parselis - 2018 - SCIO Revista de Filosofía 15:177-212.
    La literatura sobre las relaciones entre las personas y la técnica se refiere a análisis heredados de la economía, la sociología, la política, etc. Estas miradas abarcan a la técnica de forma global dificultando el estudio de algunos procesos que ocurren entre cada persona y la técnica. En este sentido, buscaremos explicitar estas relaciones a través de los productos de la técnica como mediadores sociales. Con esta base tienen sentido los criterios de las tecnologías entrañables para que esta mediación se (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  22.  55
    Mercenaries in Hellenistic Times G. T. Griffith : The Mercenaries of the Hellenistic World. Pp. x + 340. Cambridge: University Press, 1935. Cloth, 16s. [REVIEW]H. W. Parse - 1935 - The Classical Review 49 (04):136-.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23. ¿Puede el arte ser indefinido?: controversias sobre la definición del arte en la estética contemporánea y la propuesta de Arthur C. Danto.Verónica Parselis - 2008 - Sapientia 63 (223):143-158.
    No categories
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24. Anne M. Fagot.Some Shortcomings of A. Probabilistic - 1984 - In Lennart Nordenfelt & B. Ingemar B. Lindahl, Health, Disease, and Causal Explanations in Medicine. Reidel. pp. 101.
    No categories
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  25. James H. Fetzer.Probabilistic Metaphysics - 1988 - In J. H. Fetzer, Probability and Causality: Essays in Honor of Wesley C. Salmon. D. Reidel. pp. 192--109.
  26.  22
    Hector freytes, Antonio ledda, Giuseppe sergioli and.Roberto Giuntini & Probabilistic Logics in Quantum Computation - 2013 - In Hanne Andersen, Dennis Dieks, Wenceslao J. Gonzalez, Thomas Uebel & Gregory Wheeler, New Challenges to Philosophy of Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 49.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  27. PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO EPISTEMIC MODALS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DYNAMIC SEMANTICS.Milana Kostic - 2015 - Hybris, Revista de Filosofí­A (30):016-032.
    PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO EPISTEMIC MODALS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DYNAMIC SEMANTICS In dynamic semantics meaning of a statement is not equated with its truth conditions but with its context change potential. It has also been claimed that dynamic framework can automatically account for certain paradoxes that involve epistemic modals, such as the following one: it seems odd and incoherent to claim: (1) “It is raining and it might not rain”, whereas claiming (2) “It might not rain and it is (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  28.  69
    Probabilistic functionalism: A unifying paradigm for the cognitive sciences.Javier R. Movellan & Jonathan D. Nelson - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (4):690-692.
    The probabilistic analysis of functional questions is maturing into a rigorous and coherent research paradigm that may unify the cognitive sciences, from the study of single neurons in the brain to the study of high level cognitive processes and distributed cognition. Endless debates about undecidable structural issues (modularity vs. interactivity, serial vs. parallel processing, iconic vs. propositional representations, symbolic vs. connectionist models) may be put aside in favor of a rigorous understanding of the problems solved by organisms in their (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  29.  39
    Parsing Heuristic and Forward Search in First‐Graders' Game‐Play Behavior.Luciano Paz, Andrea P. Goldin, Carlos Diuk & Mariano Sigman - 2015 - Cognitive Science 39 (5):944-971.
    Seventy-three children between 6 and 7 years of age were presented with a problem having ambiguous subgoal ordering. Performance in this task showed reliable fingerprints: a non-monotonic dependence of performance as a function of the distance between the beginning and the end-states of the problem, very high levels of performance when the first move was correct, and states in which accuracy of the first move was significantly below chance. These features are consistent with a non-Markov planning agent, with an inherently (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  30. Parsing and Presupposition in the Calculation of Local Contexts.Matthew Mandelkern & Jacopo Romoli - forthcoming - Semantics and Pragmatics.
    In this paper, we use antecedent-final conditionals to formulate two problems for parsing-based theories of presupposition projection and triviality of the kind given in Schlenker 2009. We show that, when it comes to antecedent-final conditionals, parsing-based theories predict filtering of presuppositions where there is in fact projection, and triviality judgments for sentences which are in fact felicitous. More concretely, these theories predict that presuppositions triggered in the antecedent of antecedent-final conditionals will be filtered (i.e. will not project) if (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations  
  31. Are Probabilism and Special Relativity Compatible?Nicholas Maxwell - 1988 - Philosophy of Science 55 (4):640-645.
    Are probabilism and special relativity compatible? Dieks argues that they are. But the possible universe he specifies, designed to exemplify both probabilism and special relativity, either incorporates a universal “now”, or amounts to a many world universe, or fails to have any one definite overall Minkowskian-type space-time structure. Probabilism and special relativity appear to be incompatible after all. What is at issue is not whether “the flow of time” can be reconciled with special relativity, but rather whether explicitly probabilistic (...)
    Direct download (13 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   26 citations  
  32. Probabilistic measures of coherence: from adequacy constraints towards pluralism.Michael Schippers - 2014 - Synthese 191 (16):3821-3845.
    The debate on probabilistic measures of coherence flourishes for about 15 years now. Initiated by papers that have been published around the turn of the millennium, many different proposals have since then been put forward. This contribution is partly devoted to a reassessment of extant coherence measures. Focusing on a small number of reasonable adequacy constraints I show that (i) there can be no coherence measure that satisfies all constraints, and that (ii) subsets of these adequacy constraints motivate two (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   23 citations  
  33.  9
    The parsing of optic flow by the primate oculomotor system.F. A. Miles, U. Schwarz & C. Busettini - 1991 - In Andrei Gorea, Representations of Vision: Trends and Tacit Assumptions in Vision Research. Cambridge University Press. pp. 185--199.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  34. Probabilistic Opinion Pooling Generalized. Part One: General Agendas.Franz Dietrich & Christian List - 2017 - Social Choice and Welfare 48 (4):747–786.
    How can different individuals' probability assignments to some events be aggregated into a collective probability assignment? Classic results on this problem assume that the set of relevant events -- the agenda -- is a sigma-algebra and is thus closed under disjunction (union) and conjunction (intersection). We drop this demanding assumption and explore probabilistic opinion pooling on general agendas. One might be interested in the probability of rain and that of an interest-rate increase, but not in the probability of rain (...)
    Direct download (15 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   17 citations  
  35.  35
    (1 other version)Probabilistic Causality, Randomization and Mixtures.Jan von Plato - 1986 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1986:432-437.
    A formulation of probabilistic causality is given in terms of the theory of abstract dynamical systems. Causal factors are identified as invariants of motion of a system. Repetition of an experiment leads to the notion of stationarity, and causal factors yield a decomposition of the stationary probability law of the experiment into ergodic components. In these, statistical behaviour is uniform. Control of identified causal factors leads to a corresponding statistical law for the events, which is offered as a notion (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  36.  18
    Parsing as a Cue-Based Retrieval Model.Jakub Dotlačil - 2021 - Cognitive Science 45 (8):e13020.
    This paper develops a novel psycholinguistic parser and tests it against experimental and corpus reading data. The parser builds on the recent research into memory structures, which argues that memory retrieval is content‐addressable and cue‐based. It is shown that the theory of cue‐based memory systems can be combined with transition‐based parsing to produce a parser that, when combined with the cognitive architecture ACT‐R, can model reading and predict online behavioral measures (reading times and regressions). The parser's modeling capacities are (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  37.  26
    Comparing decoding mechanisms for parsing argumentative structures.Stergos Afantenos, Andreas Peldszus & Manfred Stede - 2018 - Argument and Computation 9 (3):177-192.
    Parsing of argumentative structures has become a very active line of research in recent years. Like discourse parsing or any other natural language task that requires prediction of linguistic struc...
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  38.  32
    Probabilistic kingdom: problem of objectivity in contemporary science.Paweł Pruski - 2019 - Argument: Biannual Philosophical Journal 9 (2):317-327.
    In modern science, the theory of probability is one of the basic tools. Scientists using probability often refer to its objective interpretation. They emphasize that their probabilistic hypotheses concern objective facts, not degrees of belief. Accordingly, the following questions arise: What is the meaning of this type of probabilistic hypothesis? Is the assumption of objectivity necessary? The paper addresses these questions by analyzing objective probability in the context of the scientific debate on determinism. Two types of arguments will (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  39.  19
    The Parsing of 'Possible'.Rita Nolan - 1972 - Journal of Philosophy 69 (6):157-168.
    No categories
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  40. Syntactic parsing.Roger P. G. Van Gompel & Pickering & J. Martin - 2009 - In Gareth Gaskell, Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics. Oxford University Press.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  41. Are probabilism and special relativity incompatible?Nicholas Maxwell - 1985 - Philosophy of Science 52 (1):23-43.
    In this paper I expound an argument which seems to establish that probabilism and special relativity are incompatible. I examine the argument critically, and consider its implications for interpretative problems of quantum theory, and for theoretical physics as a whole.
    Direct download (11 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   73 citations  
  42.  23
    Probabilistic hierarchies to ambiguous concept classes.Solomon E. Feldman - 1963 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 65 (3):240.
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  43. Radical Probabilism Revisited.Lyle Zynda - 2006 - Philosophy of Science 73 (5):969-980.
    In this essay, I analyze and critique Richard Jeffrey's radical probabilism. The basic theses defining it are examined, particularly the idea that probabilistic coherence involves a kind of "consistency." The main challenges to Jeffrey's view are (1) that there is an inconsistency between regarding probabilities as subjective and some probabilistic judgments as better than others, and (2) that decision theory so conceived has no normative import. I argue that both of these challenges can be met.
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  44. Rational Probabilistic Incoherence.Michael Caie - 2013 - Philosophical Review 122 (4):527-575.
    Probabilism is the view that a rational agent's credences should always be probabilistically coherent. It has been argued that Probabilism follows, given the assumption that an epistemically rational agent ought to try to have credences that represent the world as accurately as possible. The key claim in this argument is that the goal of representing the world as accurately as possible is best served by having credences that are probabilistically coherent. This essay shows that this claim is false. In certain (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   54 citations  
  45.  76
    A parsing method for Montague grammars.Joyce Friedman & David S. Warren - 1978 - Linguistics and Philosophy 2 (3):347 - 372.
    The main result in this paper is a method for obtaining derivation trees from sentences of certain formal grammars. No parsing algorithm was previously known to exist for these grammars.Applied to Montague's PTQ the method produces all parses that could correspond to different meanings. The technique directly addresses scope and reference and provides a framework for examining these phenomena. The solution for PTQ is implemented in an efficient and useful computer program.
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  46. Probabilistic logic under coherence, model-theoretic probabilistic logic, and default reasoning in System P.Veronica Biazzo, Angelo Gilio, Thomas Lukasiewicz & Giuseppe Sanfilippo - 2002 - Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 12 (2):189-213.
    We study probabilistic logic under the viewpoint of the coherence principle of de Finetti. In detail, we explore how probabilistic reasoning under coherence is related to model- theoretic probabilistic reasoning and to default reasoning in System . In particular, we show that the notions of g-coherence and of g-coherent entailment can be expressed by combining notions in model-theoretic probabilistic logic with concepts from default reasoning. Moreover, we show that probabilistic reasoning under coherence is a generalization (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations  
  47. Probabilistic Knowledge.Sarah Moss - 2016 - Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
    Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on the epistemic status of full beliefs. In this book, Moss argues that in addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For instance, your .4 credence that it is raining outside can constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledge is not knowledge of propositions, (...)
  48.  93
    Probabilistic Semantics, Identity and Belief.William Seager - 1983 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 13 (3):353 - 364.
    The goal of standard semantics is to provide truth conditions for the sentences of a given language. Probabilistic Semantics does not share this aim; it might be said instead, if rather cryptically, that Probabilistic Semantics aims to provide belief conditions.The central and guiding idea of Probabilistic Semantics is that each rational individual has ‘within’ him or her a personal subjective probability function. The output of the function when given a certain sentence as input represents the degree of (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  49. Radical probabilism and bayesian conditioning.Richard Bradley - 2005 - Philosophy of Science 72 (2):342-364.
    Richard Jeffrey espoused an antifoundationalist variant of Bayesian thinking that he termed ‘Radical Probabilism’. Radical Probabilism denies both the existence of an ideal, unbiased starting point for our attempts to learn about the world and the dogma of classical Bayesianism that the only justified change of belief is one based on the learning of certainties. Probabilistic judgment is basic and irreducible. Bayesian conditioning is appropriate when interaction with the environment yields new certainty of belief in some proposition but leaves (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   40 citations  
  50. Probabilistic Opinion Pooling.Franz Dietrich & Christian List - 2016 - In Alan Hájek & Christopher Hitchcock, The Oxford Handbook of Probability and Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Suppose several individuals (e.g., experts on a panel) each assign probabilities to some events. How can these individual probability assignments be aggregated into a single collective probability assignment? This article reviews several proposed solutions to this problem. We focus on three salient proposals: linear pooling (the weighted or unweighted linear averaging of probabilities), geometric pooling (the weighted or unweighted geometric averaging of probabilities), and multiplicative pooling (where probabilities are multiplied rather than averaged). We present axiomatic characterisations of each class of (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   55 citations  
1 — 50 / 958