Suivre ± pas à pas? et ± avec franchise? toute la série de ses études : c'est précisément ce que Vico (1668-1744) se proposait de faire dans son autobiographie Vie de Giambattista Vico écrite par lui-même, parue en 1728.00Mais, parce que placée dans la perspective de la polémique contre la diffusion du cartésianisme à Naples, cette reconstruction a posteriori eut pour effet de léguer une image du penseur toute orientée vers un but : la conception de la Science nouvelle.00Rompant avec (...) cette artificielle perspective, Raffaele Ruggiero raconte une autre histoire de Vico. Il rend leur pleine autonomie à toutes les expériences intellectuelles du savant penseur : sa formation, ses études juridiques, son engagement littéraire, son invention d'une nouvelle rhétorique de la science. Il révèle la multiplicité des inspirations culturelles qui ont façonné sa physionomie unique de philosophe et d'écrivain, et l'articulation complexe de ses intérêts scientifiques destinés à remodeler l'encyclopédie des savoirs à l'aube de la modernité.00Convoquant toutes ses œuvres, le replaçant dans son contexte, celui d'un protagoniste de la République des Lettres à l'époque des Lumières, Raffaele Ruggiero expose le rapport ambigu et passionnant de Vico à ses sources et à ses fantômes polémiques. (shrink)

This paper has the aim to provide a general view of the so called Jesuit Edition (hereafter JE) of Newton’s Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1739–1742). This edition was conceived to explain all Newton’s methods through an apparatus of notes and commentaries. Every Newton’s proposition is annotated. Because of this, the text – in four volumes – is one of the most important documents to understand Newton’s way of reasoning. This edition is well known, but systematic works on it are still (...) missing. We are going to fill this gap by means of a project exposed in the final remarks of this paper. In this paper we will: A) expound the way in which the notes and the additions to the JE were conceived by the commentators; B) provide some pieces of information about the commentators; C) summarize the most important of their notes; D) examine closely their notes as to a particularly important question: the so called "inverse problem of the central forces". (shrink)

Résumé: Lukács et Horkheimer analysent les tensions et les contradictions de la société européenne dans la mesure où elles se reflètent dans les théories philosophiques élaborées par les penseurs bourgeois de l’époque moderne : dans ce domaine, ces contradictions pratiques se traduisent par une opposition conceptuelle entre des couples tels que sujet/objet, phénomène/chose en soi, nécessité/liberté, etc. En abordant la question de l’influence d’Histoire et conscience de classe (1923) sur les essais horkheimeriens des années 1920 et 1930, cet article confronte (...) les positions théoriques respectives des deux auteurs sur la pensée bourgeoise et sur son entrelacement avec les transformations de la société capitaliste moderne. Mots clés: Contradictions; Dualismes; Philosophie Moderne; Raison; Société Bourgeoise; Théorie The Contradictions of Bourgeois Philosophy and Modern Reason in Lukács and Horkheimer Abstract: Lukács and Horkheimer analyse the tensions and contradictions of European society insofar as they are reflected in the philosophical theories elaborated by the bourgeois thinkers of the modern era: in this field, these practical contradictions are reflected in a conceptual opposition between binomials such as subject/object, phenomenon/thing-in-itself, necessity/freedom, etc. By addressing the question of the influence of History and Class Consciousness (1923) on Horkheimer’s essays of the 1920s and 1930s, this article aims to compare the respective theoretical positions of the two authors on bourgeois thought and its intertwining with the transformations of modern capitalist society. Keywords: Bourgeois Society; Contradictions; Dualisms; Modern Philosophy; Reason; Theory As contradições da filosofia burguesa e da razão moderna em Lukács e Horkheimer Resumo: Lukács e Horkheimer analisam as tensões e contradições da sociedade europeia na medida em que elas se refletem nas teorias filosóficas elaboradas pelos pensadores burgueses da era moderna: nesse terreno, essas contradições práticas refletem uma oposição conceitual entre binômios como sujeito/objeto, fenômeno/coisa em si, necessidade/liberdade etc. Ao abordar a questão da influência de História e Consciência de Classe (1923) sobre os ensaios de Horkheimer das décadas de 1920 e 1930, este artigo tem o objetivo de comparar as respectivas posições teóricas dos dois autores sobre o pensamento burguês e seu entrelaçamento com as transformações da moderna sociedade capitalista moderna. Palavras-chave: Sociedade Burguesa; Contradições; Dualismos; Filosofia Moderna; Razão; Teoria Data de registro: 01/08/2023 Data de aceite: 18/10/2023. (shrink)

Résumé Cet article explore les significations de l’expression « formes de vie » chez Horkheimer et le rôle qu’elle joue dans son projet d’une Théorie critique de la société développée au cours des années 1930. Horkheimer considère les formes de vie comme des comportements et des habitudes qui se constituent dans le cadre de rapports de production spécifiques. Mais il utilise « forme de vie » également pour désigner la culture et ses domaines propres qui, imbriqués les uns dans les (...) autres, sont des forces capables de maintenir ou de briser une forme sociale déterminée. En outre, par « forme de vie », il entend le résultat des relations entre les processus matériels d’une société et le développement des phénomènes culturels qui influencent les institutions et les hommes. (shrink)

S'inscrivant dans le sillage des travaux les plus récents sur l'histoire du cartésianisme, ce livre en retient d'abord l'idée que ce phénomène varie selon les contextes nationaux, mais qu'il est parfois possible de repérer des ressemblances qui outrepassent les frontières. Se confrontant à une pensée vivante qui se réfracte sous des aspects inattendus, les articles recueillis explorent des sujets qui se situent à l'intersection de plusieurs champs disciplinaires (théologie, physique, médecine, éthique, anthropologie, etc.). Les acquis principaux du cartésianisme dans le (...) domaine scientifique constituent toutefois la toile de fond historique et épistémologique sur laquelle s'élaborent les analyses des contributions de ce volume."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

The traces of real, that is, ancient, rival versions of Terence's lines are not so pronounced as of Plautus' lines. Professor Lindsay has drawn attention to a possible instance at Hec. 468 . Another seems to be Andr. 532 , if I am right in supposing that the text used by Donatus had ipsum Chremem. A trace of the variant survives in the unmetrical δ-setting ipsum obuiam Chremem DGL. The text of the other minuscule MSS. has ipsum obuiam. A is (...) not in evidence for this part of Andria. Had it too ipsum Chremem ? (shrink)

Lors du forum 2023 de la Société canadienne de bioéthique, 28 éthiciens praticiens des soins de santé et d’autres participants de tout le Canada, y compris des étudiants et des fellows en bioéthique, se sont réunis virtuellement pour un atelier collaboratif intitulé « Towards Evaluating Clinical Ethics Consultation Effectiveness: Engagement in a Scoping Review of Reported Outcomes ». L’atelier était ouvert à tous les membres de la communauté bioéthique qui s’étaient inscrits au forum, mais il était principalement destiné aux spécialistes (...) en éthique clinique. (shrink)

Avant la pandémie de COVID-19 (ci-après « la pandémie »), l’adéquation des ressources en matière de soins de santé dans l’ensemble du Canada suscitait déjà de nombreuses inquiétudes. La pandémie de COVID-19 a exacerbé ces inquiétudes de manière exponentielle, en élargissant les fissures déjà importantes dans les systèmes de santé provinciaux. Actuellement, le système est confronté à l’exacerbation des délais d’attente pour les opérations chirurgicales qui avaient été retardées par les fermetures obligatoires pendant la pandémie. En Ontario, les retards dans (...) les opérations chirurgicales et les retards associés en radiologie et dans d’autres services essentiels aux soins pédiatriques ont conduit à la création d’un consortium d’hôpitaux pédiatriques qui se sont engagés à plaider en faveur d’un financement accru de la pédiatrie. Jusqu’à présent, les gouvernements provinciaux et fédéral ont accepté une injection ponctuelle de fonds, mais le consortium demande une augmentation permanente du financement de la pédiatrie. Le secteur des adultes a également souffert de retards et d’arriérés. En outre, comme nous l’avons déjà noté, les adultes plus âgés ont supporté le poids de la morbidité et de la mortalité associées au COVID-19. Le défi pour le secteur pédiatrique est de savoir si et comment défendre la priorité accordée aux enfants et aux jeunes. Dans cet article, nous passons en revue quatre approches de l’allocation équitable – l’âgisme utilitaire, des manches équitables (fair innings), l’approche prudentielle de la durée de vie et l’âgisme prioritaire – et examinons leurs forces et leurs faiblesses. Nous concluons en soutenant l’âgisme prioritaire (prioritarisme). Le prioritarisme conserve les points forts de l’âgisme utilitariste et des manches équitables tout en évitant leurs faiblesses. En outre, comme le prioritarisme ne considère pas l’âge comme un critère moral indépendant, les systèmes d’attribution fondés sur cette base sont moins susceptibles de faire l’objet de contestations juridiques et peuvent être plus acceptables pour le grand public. (shrink)

Résumé Depuis plusieurs années, habitants et militants de la vallée de Suse s’opposent à la construction d’une ligne à grande vitesse entre la France et l’Italie. La réaction des autorités est quasi-militaire mais le faible avancement des travaux ne justifie pas un tel emportement. La lutte expérimente pas à pas les nouveaux concepts de la construction du commun.

CONTENTS: -/- SEZIONE I IL TUTTO E' UNO? IL RISVEGLIO DI UN PROBLEMA TRA SCOLASTICA E RINASCIMENTO Il principio omne causatum est compositum fra Tommaso e Cajetano Igor Agostini, p. 25 Parti e tutto in Montaigne. La natura e l'individuo tra frammentazione e integrazione Raffaele Carbone 45 Le minuzzarie e il tutto. Giordano bruno e la conoscenza universale Maurizio Cambi 75 -/- SEZIONE II A PARTIRE DA CARTESIO. COME PUO' ESSERE UN TUTTO L'UOMO? -/- Mente/Corpo in Cartesio. Spunti per (...) un'interpretazione mereologica Stefano Di Bella 93 Nos sumus ex Deo et pertinemus ad Deum. Appartenenza, dipendenza e relazione nel pensiero e nel lessico di Arnold Guelincx Cristina Santinelli 115 L'integrità di corpo e mente nell'"invenire" terapeutico di E. W. von Tschirnhaus Manuela Sanna 133 L'indivisibilità della natura umana e della società in Francesco Longano. Un episodio della ricezione di Locke in Italia Roberto Evangelista 147 -/- SEZIONE III L'IRROMPERE DELL'ORGANICO. LA BIOLOGIA FILOSOFICA TRA SEI E SETTECENTO -/- Convenienza e discrepanza. Parti e tutto nella Lettera 32 di Baruch Spinoza Francesco Toto 169 Mereologia della sostanza e mereologia del vivente in Leibniz Enrico Pasini 197 Teleologia e mereologia dell’organismo da Leibniz a Bonnet Francesco Piro 209 Il nesso delle parti: mereologia e scienza secondo Christian Wolff Matteo Favaretti Camposampiero 239 Il problema del tutto e delle parti. il caso del vitalismo di Montpellier Charles T. Wolfe 257 -/- SEZIONE 4 TOTALITA' CRITICHE: DALLA CRISI DEL NATURALISMO ILLUMINISTICO ALLA FILOSOFIA DELLE CULTURE -/- La logica del tutto (e delle parti di tutto, vale a dire niente) in Dom Deschamps Jean-Claude Bourdin 273 l’(in)afferabile forma. Totalità e contingenza nel pensiero di Kant tra Critica della ragion pura e Critica del giudizio Luigi Imperato 303 la relazione Parte-Tutto nel primo Schelling Giuseppe D’Anna 327 Hegel o della totalizzazione dello spazio di interiorità Vittorio Morfino 343 A partire da Kant: Begriffsbiìldung teleologica e relazione Parti-Tutto nelle indagini di Rickert sulla logica delle scienze storiche della cultura Edoardo Massimilla 359 . (shrink)

Le jugement qu'on portera sur ce livre dépendra en grande partie de la façon dont on évaluera son contenu en fonction des attentes créées par son titre. Si l'on espère une mise au jour—qui, de fait, serait novatrice—d'une pensée précise, développée et systématique de Malebranche sur les thèmes cardinaux de la philosophie politique classique, on sera déçu: ce livre ne contient rien de tel, sinon, dans une certaine mesure, en sa troisième partie. Si l'on compte lire une monographie informée offrant (...) une synthèse sur des thèmes centraux du malebranchisme en relation avec la sphère du politique prise en un sens large (nature des... (shrink)

Résumé Dans les Entretiens, Félibien dit d’Annibal Carrache qu’il a renouvelé la peinture après une phase de décadence en se tournant vers les grands maîtres du passé. Il postule ce faisant une continuité dans la signification des « parties » de la peinture comme le « dessin », le « coloris », l’« expression » etc. En réalité, il ne peut être question d’une continuité, du moins si les « concepts fondamentaux » de Woelfflin, qui distinguent d’une façon très radicale (...) les styles du XVI e et du XVII e siècle, ont un sens quelconque. L’étude détaillée du terme « dessein » (« disegno ») montre qu’il correspond à des réalités techniques très différentes chez Raffaël et Le Brun par exemple et que ce glissement dont les théoriciens du XVIIe siècle ne sont pas conscients produit une théorie de l’art, à caractère polémique et « académique », basée structuralement sur la méconnaisance. La « dispute du coloris»s’en ressent fortement. Cette méconnaissance intervient au moment même où la théorie de l’art prend un essor nouveau avec l’apparition du spécialiste d’art de profession, dont Félibien est lui-même un des exemples les plus saillants. (shrink)

D. M. Armstrong famously claims that deterministic laws of nature are contingent relations between universals and that his account can also be straightforwardly extended to irreducibly probabilistic laws of nature. For the most part, philosophers have neglected to scrutinize Armstrong’s account of probabilistic laws. This is surprising precisely because his own claims about probabilistic laws make it unclear just what he takes them to be. We offer three interpretations of what Armstrong-style probabilistic laws are, and argue that all three interpretations (...) are incompatible either with some feature of Armstrong’s broader metaphysics or with essential features of his account of laws (or both). (shrink)

The practice of Emergency Management in Michigan raises anew the question of whose knowledge matters to whom and for what reasons, against the background of what projects, challenges, and systemic imperatives. In this paper, I offer a historical overview of state intervention laws across the United States, focusing specifically on Michigan’s Emergency Manager laws. I draw on recent analyses of these laws to develop an account of a phenomenon that I call epistemic redlining, which, I suggest, is a form of (...) group-based credibility discounting not readily countenanced by existing, ‘culprit-based’ accounts of epistemic injustice. I argue that epistemic redlining plays a crucial role in ongoing projects of racialized subordination and dispossession in Michigan, and that such discounting tends to have structural causes that can be difficult to identify and uproot. Contrary to the general thrust of recent work on the topic, I argue that epistemic redlining ought to be understood as a form of epistemic injustice. (shrink)

It is almost universally believed that in quantum theory the two following statements hold: all transformations are achieved by a unitary interaction followed by a von-Neumann measurement; all mixed states are marginals of pure entangled states. I name this doctrine the dogma of purification ontology. The source of the dogma is the original von Neumann axiomatisation of the theory, which largely relies on the Schrődinger equation as a postulate, which holds in a nonrelativistic context, and whose operator version holds only (...) in free quantum field theory, but no longer in the interacting theory. In the present paper I prove that both ontologies of unitarity and state-purity are unfalsifiable, even in principle, and therefore axiomatically spurious. I propose instead a minimal four-postulate axiomatisation: associate a Hilbert space \ to each system \; compose two systems by the tensor product rule \; associate a transformation from system \ to \ to a quantum operation, i.e. to a completely positive trace-non-increasing map between the trace-class operators of \ and \; evaluate all joint probabilities through that of a special type of quantum operation: the state preparation. I then conclude that quantum paradoxes—such as the Schroedinger-cat’s, and, most relevantly, the information paradox—are originated only by the dogma of purification ontology, and they are no longer paradoxes of the theory in the minimal formulation. For the same reason, most interpretations of the theory interpret the same dogma, not the strict theory stripped of the spurious postulates. (shrink)

Tradition, Rationality and Virtue provides the first comprehensive and detailed treatment of the work of Alasdair MacIntyre. In this book, Thomas D'Andrea presents an accessible critical study of the full range of MacIntyre's thought, across ethical theory, psychoanalytic theory, social and political philosophy, Marxist theory, and the philosophy of religion. Moving from the roots of MacIntyre's thought in ethical inquiry, this book examines MacIntyre's treatment of Marx, Christianity, and the nature of human action and discusses in depth the development and (...) applications of MacIntyre's After Virtue project. The book culminates in an examination of major internal and external criticisms of MacIntyre's work and a consideration of its future directions. (shrink)

Contemporary Continental Philosophy steps back from current debates comparing Continental and analytic philosophy and carefully, yet critically outlines the tradition’s main philosophical views on epistemology and ontology. Forgoing obscure paraphrases, D’Amico provides a detailed, clear account and assessment of the tradition from its founding by Husserl and Heidegger to its challenge by Derrida and Foucault. Though intended as a survey of this tradition throughout the twentieth century, this study’s focus is on the philosophical problems which gave it birth and even (...) now continue to shape it.The book reexamines Husserl as an early critic of epistemological naturalism whose grasp of the philosophical importance of the theory of meaning was largely ignored. Heidegger’s contrasting effort to revive ontology is examined in terms of his distinction between ontic and ontological questions. In contrast with many earlier studies, the author outlines confusions engendered by the misappropriation of the distinct philosophical agendas of Husserl and Heidegger by such famous figures as Sartre and Merleau-Ponty. The book is also original in its emphasis on how social externalism in epistemology, inspired by Karl Mannheim, influenced this tradition’s structuralist and Marxist phases. The philosophical defenses of a theory of interpretation by Gadamer and Habermas are closely examined and assessed and the study concludes with a a probing yet balanced account of Foucault and Derrida as critics of philosophical autonomy. The book concludes by reassessing this century-long divide between the analytic and Continental traditions and its implication for the future of philosophy. (shrink)

Several authors, including Thomas Nagel and David Gauthier, have defended the view that reasons of self-interest (prudential reasons) are rationally binding. That is, there is always a reason, bearing on the rational advisability, based on one's self-interest and, as a result, a person may act irrationally by knowingly acting against such reasons regardless of the person's desires or values. Both Nagel and Gauthier argue from the rationally mandatory nature of prudential reasons to the conclusion that moral reasons can be rationally (...) mandatory, challenging the neo-Humean position that practical reasons that bear on an agent's rationality are essentially grounded on the agent's subjective, contingent, conative states. I argue, pace Nagel and Gauthier, that prudential reasons are not rationally mandatory--that the rational requirement to act in one's own interest, when it exists, is, as the neo-Humean insists, grounded on one's subjective, contingent, conative states. Prudential reasons are not reasons for every (conceivable) agent--not in the sense that bears on the rational advisability of action. (shrink)

Chronic pain patients often miss receiving acknowledgement for the multidimensional struggles they face with their specific conditions. People suffering from chronic pain experience a type ofinvisibilitythat is also borne by other chronically ill people and their respective medical conditions. However, chronic pain patients face both passive and active exclusion from social participation in activities like family interactions or workplace inclusion. Although such aspects are discussed in the debates lead by the bio-psycho-social model of pain, there seems to be a lack (...) of a distinct interest in assessing more specifically the social aspects regarding chronic pain. As a result, the social aspects have yet to be taken into a more thorough theoretical consideration of chronic pain and to be practically implemented to help affected patients. By addressing chronic pain patients’ struggle for recognition, this paper attempts to shed light on some of these social aspects. We base this attempt on a theoretical framework that combines patients’ statements with an adaptation of Axel Honneth’s social-philosophical work onrecognition. Thus, this paper tries to make a suggestion on how the bio-psycho-social model of pain can live up to its name by helping to address more adequately some of the more neglected aspects in chronic pain patients’ suffering than has been possible to date. (shrink)

A model of spontaneous collapse of fermionic degrees of freedom in a quantum field is presented which has the advantages that it explicitly maintains energy conservation and gives results in agreement with an existing numerical method for calculating quantum state evolution, namely the quantum trajectories model.

This volume collects essays by philosophers and scholars working at the interface of Western philosophy and Buddhist Studies. Many have distinguished scholarly records in Western philosophy, with expertise in analytic philosophy and logic, as well as deep interest in Buddhist philosophy. Others have distinguished scholarly records in Buddhist Studies with strong interests in analytic philosophy and logic. All are committed to the enterprise of cross-cultural philosophy and to bringing the insights and techniques of each tradition to bear in order to (...) illuminate problems and ideas of the other. These essays address a broad range of topics in the philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, logic, epistemology, and metaphysics, and demonstrate the fecundity of the interaction between the Buddhist and Western philosophical and logical traditions. (shrink)

In philosophical interpretations of the Laozi the function of the ‘sage’ is a relatively under concentrated on topic. Although nearly every scholar does have something to say about the sage, comments are usually brief and often revolve around the sage as some particular character-type; for example highlighting the sage as a ‘sage-ruler’. In this article we will argue that the sage serves as a tool for understanding the major concepts, thinking, and logic of the Laozi. While the sage does often (...) refer to the sage-ruler this does not mean all references are politically orientated, and even those that are can easily be applied to a host of social situations. This paper thus seeks to appreciate the context for what the Laozi says by looking at how the text itself envisions the embodiment of its ideas through reference to the sage. (shrink)

Inappropriate authorship is a common problem in biomedical research and may be becoming one in bioethics, due to the increase in multiple authorship. This paper investigates the authorship policies of bioethics journals to determine whether they provide adequate guidance for researchers who submit articles for publication, which can help deter inappropriate authorship. It was found that 63.3% of bioethics journals provide no guidance on authorship; 36.7% provide guidance on which contributions merit authorship, 23.3% provide guidance on which contributions do not (...) merit authorship, 23.3% require authors to take responsibility for their contributions or for the article as a whole, 20% provide guidance on which contributions merit an acknowledgement but not authorship, 6.7% require authors to describe their contributions, and only 3.3% distinguish between authorship in empirical and conceptual research. To provide authors with effective guidance and promote integrity in bioethics research, bioethics journals should adopt authorship policies that address several important topics, such as the qualifications for authorship, describing authorship contributions, taking responsibility for the research and the difference between authorship in empirical and conceptual research. (shrink)

In 1999, da Silva, D'Ottaviano and Sette proposed a general definition for the term translation between logics and presented an initial segment of its theory. Logics are characterized, in the most general sense, as sets with consequence relations and translations between logics as consequence-relation preserving maps. In a previous paper the authors introduced the concept of conservative translation between logics and studied some general properties of the co-complete category constituted by logics and conservative translations between them. In this paper we (...) present some conservative translations involving classical logic, Lukasiewicz three-valued system L3, the intuitionistic system I1 and several paraconsistent logics, as for instance Sette's system P1, the D'Ottaviano and da Costa system J3 and da Costa's systems Cn, 1≤ n≤ω. (shrink)

Is there a circular relationship between trust and ethics? Is it possible to alter their relationship, changing the perception that social actors have of them? How has trust changed in the transition from modernity to post-modernity and how does it change in times of crisis? Starting from the epistemological assumption that progress in the social sciences is determined by the change in the theoretical horizon produced by “a reformulation of metaphysical assumptions” [1] and combining this path with the relational perspective, (...) according to which “not the facts, but the relationship between the facts is what requires analysis” [2], we will examine definitions, meanings, functions and relationships between trust and ethics. Following the theoretical logical method, we will understand that trust and ethical behaviour are particular forms of gift [3] that co-own each other. As such, they are ambivalent in nature and their circle can also produce dysfunctional outcomes that depend on the ability of social systems to modify collective perceptions through forms of communication, in the awareness that distrust constitutes an ineliminable and, paradoxically, preparatory element for the restoration of the trust circle. The relational circle between gift, trust, collective ethics and personal morality does not end with distrust, but changes in a contingent way, determining perverse effects: correct behaviour could produce, unintentionally, a disaster; incorrect actions could generate unforeseen positive effects.The perverse effects cannot be defined as exceptional - as is believed in the theory of rational choice - but recurrent because daily practices are marked by an intuitive, emotional and moralistic trust circle that prevails over logical reasoning, as ascertained by both relational theory and behavioural economics. Functionalist paradigms cannot engineer and optimise the performance of trust. [1] See J. Alexander's strong programme in S. Segre, Le teorie sociologiche contemporanee, Carocci, Rome, 2019, p. 12. It is not enough to observe reality, it is necessary to interpret it, taking into account theories and traditions whose foundations have a metaphysical character. [2] F. Ferrarotti, La sociologia come analisi critica della società, in R. Cipriani, Nuovo Manuale di Sociologia, Maggioli, Sant’Arcangelo di Romagna, 2018 p. 24. [3] The classical meaning in M. Mauss, Essai sur le don. Forme et raison de l'échange dans les sociétés archaïques, 1ª ed. 1925, revisited by G. Satta, L’ambiguità del dono. Note su dono, violenza e potere nell’ Essai di Mauss, in V. Rasini, Aggressività. Un’indagine polifonica, Mimesis, Milano 2011. (shrink)

D. A. Lloyd Thomas; VIII—Political Decision Procedures1, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 70, Issue 1, 1 June 1970, Pages 141–160, https://doi.or.

Chez les commentateurs platoniciens de l’époque impériale, l’un des problèmes majeurs liés à la théorie des Idées concernait le domaine d’application de cette doctrine. L’exégèse de la première partie du Parménide de Platon donnait occasion à diverses discussions sur ce sujet. Le Commentaire de Proclus sur le Parménide est sans doute la plus précieuse source qui soit parvenue de l’Antiquité jusqu’à nous pour la reconstitution de ces débats. Alors que la grande majorité des commentateurs anciens étaient convaincus que les Idées (...) ont un domaine assez restreint, le Commentaire de Proclus nous révèle l’existence d’une lecture alternative, selon laquelle il y a des Idées de « toutes choses ». Proclus relie cette interprétation alternative en particulier à l’existence des Idées de choses mauvaises et d’individus, probablement parce que ces deux classes d’objets étaient vraiment les dernières choses dont un platonicien orthodoxe voudrait admettre des Idées. Amélius est le seul néoplatonicien connu pour avoir soutenu l’existence des Idées de choses mauvaises. Dans cet article j’essaie de montrer que, selon toute vraisemblance, Amélius est également la cible de la réfutation des Idées d’individus par Proclus dans son Commentaire. La conclusion qui s’ensuit naturellement est qu’Amélius était très probablement l’un de ces philosophes qui, d’après Proclus, admettaient des Idées « de toutes choses ». (shrink)

A laboratory-testable, solid-state Maxwell demon is proposed that utilizes the electric field energy of an open-gap p-n junction. Numerical results from a commercial semiconductor device simulator (Silvaco International–Atlas) verify primary results from a 1-D analytic model. Present day fabrication techniques appear adequate for laboratory tests of principle.

Paul’s Epistle to the Galatians, read on important Christian feasts, can be commented on from various perspectives: as a documents about mission, about warning with regard to the difficulties concerning the life of a believer, as one about the differences between Jews and Christians, or/and as one about freedom. It seems to us that within this text the Apostle intended to emphasize especially the latest aspect. St. John Chrysostom considered this document so important that he included it in his Liturgy.

Corpus linguistics grew up in the domain of written (and literary) varieties, while its recent methodological revolution is due to the computer-assisted capacity of elaborating massive amounts of text data. On the other hand, the so-called ‘low-density varieties’, including spoken varieties as well as varieties spoken in minority communities, have been confined to a rather marginal role. Among others, this is due to the technical problems connected to the scarce degree of normalization in linguistic –including graphemic– terms, as well as (...) to the scarcity of language resources for automatic processing. In this paper, we will exploit the possibilities opened by corpus linguistics for acquiring and analyzing the textual patrimony of the Walser German communities of Piedmont and Aosta Valley. The varieties of Highest Alemannic spoken there, dramatically exposed to language decay, provide a limited but significant amount of data, which is accompanied by a substantial lexical documentation due to the active collaboration of the speakers’ communities in collecting and compiling local dictionaries. After briefly introducing our archive and discussing the peculiar solutions adopted for the construction of the platform, we will also present corpus-based morphological investigations regarding the representation of verbal prefixes, of the clitic group, as well as of the inflectional behaviour of verb classes. (shrink)