Friedrich Nietzsches Geburt der Tragödie gilt als eines der bedeutendsten Werke der modernen Philosophie und Ästhetik. In dieser bahnbrechenden Studie beschreibt Rudolf Dowerg Nietzsches Überlegungen zur antiken Tragödie und ihre Bedeutung für die moderne Kultur. Mit einer lebhaften Schreibweise und einem tiefen Verständnis für Nietzsches Denken ist diese Studie ein leidenschaftlicher Aufruf zur Göttlichkeit und Menschlichkeit in der modernen Kultur. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of (...) civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. (shrink)

This volume provides a valuable discussion of Husserl's lifelong project of the critique of science which makes no attempt to conflate the pre-World War I ...

Since its publication fifty years ago, this work has established itself as a classic. It casts the visual process in psychological terms and describes the creative way one's eye organizes visual material according to specific psychological premises. In 1974 this book was revised and expanded, and since then it has continued to burnish Rudolf Arnheim's reputation as a groundbreaking theoretician in the fields of art and psychology.

Among the various meanings in which the word ‘probability’ is used in everyday language, in the discussion of scientists, and in the theories of probability, there are especially two which must be clearly distinguished. We shall use for them the terms ‘probability1’ and ‘probability2'. Probability1 is a logical concept, a certain logical relation between two sentences ; it is the same as the concept of degree of confirmation. I shall write briefly “c” for “degree of confirmation,” and “c” for “the (...) degree of confirmation of the hypothesis h on the evidence e“; the evidence is usually a report on the results of our observations. On the other hand, probability2 is an empirical concept; it is the relative frequency in the long run of one property with respect to another. The controversy between the so-called logical conception of probability, as represented e.g. by Keynes, and Jeffreys, and others, and the frequency conception, maintained e.g. by v. Mises and Reichenbach, seems to me futile. These two theories deal with two different probability concepts which are both of great importance for science. Therefore, the theories are not incompatible, but rather supplement each other. (shrink)

Excerpt from Philosophen-Lexikon: Leben, Werke und Lehren der Denker Die Verteilung des gewaltigen Stoffes auf einen einzigen, wenn auch stattlichen Band, bot nicht geringe Schwierigkeiten, und so wird man gewiß Nachsicht üben, wenn hier und da ein Artikel im Verhältnis etwas zu kurz oder zu lang ausgefallen ist, oder wenn sonst nochetwas vermißt wird. Es möge ferner beachtet werden, daß der Verfasser im Nachtrag am Schluß des Werkes noch eine Reihe Autoren, Schriften, Daten usw. Anführt, die aus diesem oder jenem (...) Grunde noch nicht im Texte enthalten sind. Eine absolute Vollständigkeit der Daten war freilich nicht zu erzielen. Der Ver fasser darf wohl hoffen, daß man über die Mängel, von denen ein solches Werk bei seinem ersten Inslebentreten kaum ganz frei sein kann, nicht die Menge des Gebotenen und das Ausmaß des selb ständig Erarbeiteten übersehen wird. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. (shrink)

This collection makes available, in one place, the very best essays on the founding father of phenomenology, reprinting key writings on Husserl's thought from the past seventy years. It draws together a range of writings, many otherwise inaccessible, that have been recognized as seminal contributions not only to an understanding of this great philosopher but also to the development of his phenomenology. The four volumes are arranged as follows: Volume I Classic essays from Husserl's assistants, students and earlier interlocutors. Including (...) a selection of papers from such figures as Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, Ricoeur and Levinas. Volume II Classic commentaries on Husserl's published works. Covering the Logical Investigations , Ideas I , Phenomenology of Internal Time Consciousness , and Formal and Transcendental Logic . Volumes III and IV Papers concentrating on particular aspects of Husserl's theory including: Husserl's account of mathematics and logic, his theory of science, the nature of phenomenological reduction, his account of perception and language, the theory of space and time, his phenomenology of imagination and empathy, the concept of the life-world and his epistemology. (shrink)

This article seeks to reconstruct and critically extend Jacques Derrida’s critique of Edmund Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. Derrida’s critique of Husserl is explored in three main areas: the phenomenology of language, the phenomenology of time, and the phenomenological constitution of ideal objects. In each case, Husserl’s analysis is shown to rest upon a one-sided determination of truth in terms of presence—whether it be the presence of expressive meaning to consciousness, the self-presence of the temporal instant, or the complete presence of an (...) ideal object through intuition. At every juncture, Derrida’s reasoning is deployed in order to demonstrate how presence is irreducibly bound up with absence and otherness and thus how the ideal of a phenomenological self-presence of consciousness is itself an abstraction from the contingency of history and our concrete embeddedness within a particular lifeworld. The article concludes with an appraisal of reason’s limits in a time of technological domination and the threat of global annihilation. Rather than a flight into irrationalism or skepticism, the author advocates a deepening of philosophical responsibility and an ethics of undecidability as essential for meeting the challenges of modernity. (shrink)

The major part of this paper is devoted to the task of showing that Husserl's account of knowledge and truth in terms of a synthesis of fulfilment falls prey neither to a form of “metaphysics of presence” nor to a “myth of interiority” or mentalism. Husserl's presentation of the desire to know, his awareness of irreducible forms of absence at the heart of the intuitive presence of the object of knowledge and his formulation of general rules concerning the possible accomplishment (...) of a synthesis of fulfilment are therefore carefully examined. Special attention is also given to the fact that the determination of knowledge and truth provided by the Sixth Logical Investigation rests on an account of an original interweaving between the thing, consciousness, and language. Unlike in Husserl's earlier and later works, no attempt is thereby made to subordinate any of these three elements involved in all knowledge to one of the others. (shrink)

In Matter and Memory, Bergson examines the relationship between perception and memory, the status of consciousness in its relation to the brain, and more generally, a possible conjunction of matter and mind. Our reading focuses in particular on his understanding of the evanescent presence of the present and of its debt vis-à-vis the "unconscious" consciousness of a "virtual" past. We wish to show that the Bergsonian version of a critique of "the metaphysics of presence" is, for all that, an offshoot (...) of a Platonic type of metaphysics. It is true that Bergson departs from traditional standpoints on the side of a self-sufficient and original present and a form of presence to which the transparency of consciousness would confer the character of immediate evidence. All the same, it can hardly be claimed that his rehabilitation of the past and the unconscious opens up new perspectives on how forgetting and death are bound up with the work of memory. (shrink)

"Diversos conceptos de la lógica y su relación con la subjetividad" Este ensayo considera el segundo volumen de las Investigaciones Lógicas: los Prolegómena acerca de la Lógica pura. La importancia de esta obra husserliana radica, por un lado en revelar los intentos titubeantes del autor por acercar la lógica a la psicologí­a descriptiva en el contexto del debate del psicologismo lógico, y por otro, en resaltar el papel de la Lógica -en todas sus configuraciones, esto es, no sólo para la (...) Lógica pura sino también para la Lógica normativa y la Tecnologí­a lógica- como teorí­a de la ciencia. "Diverse concepts of the logic and their relationship with í­he subjectivity." This essay considers the second volume of the Logical Investigations: the Prolegomena about the pure Logic. The importance of this husserlian work resides, on revealing the author's intents to bring near the logic to the descriptive psychology in the context of the debate of the logical psycologism, and in standing out the paper of the Logical -for all its configuraciones and not only pure Logic but also for the normative Logic and the logical Technology - as theory of the science. (shrink)