Che 1-kwŏn. Kodae-kŭndae sasang -- che 2-kwŏn. Hyŏndae sasang.

This article aims at an active dialogue between Ulrich Beck and East Asia with respect to cosmopolitan imagination. Beck’s cosmopolitan sociology requires a reflective cosmopolitan publicness to cope with various kinds of global risks. We therefore extract three different layers of publicness from neo-Confucianism – survival-oriented, deliberative, and ecological – and argue that Beck’s cosmopolitan vision can be better conceptualized when properly linked to, or founded upon, the Tianxiaweigong normative potentials of neo-Confucianism. In so doing our intention is to make (...) Beck’s implicit (Asian) sensibilities and the implicit Asian (cosmopolitan) orientations explicit, as a double process of cosmopolitan self-reflection and dialogue. We also draw attention to the analysis of the cosmopolitan actor in East Asia. Finally, we note that the cosmopolitan future of East Asia still remains uncertain and that reconciling global risk politics, national interests and cosmopolitan morality presents a big challenge to second modern transformation. (shrink)

Service providers working for a service organization are asked to express such positive emotions as joy, pleasure, and politeness required at the organizational level rather than their natural emotions they are experiencing at the moment. They cannot express their emotion they are actually going through and accordingly, their level of emotional labor and emotional dissonance influence on their job commitment and trust toward their organization. This study thus set out to investigate the effects of leading variables of emotional labor on (...) the level of emotional labor and the impact of emotional labor on organizational trust and organizational commitment with a subject group of college administrative staffs. Three underlying factors such as job stress, intimacy, and professionalism were identified as the determinants of emotional labor. Conceptual background about job stress, intimacy, emotional labor, and organizational effectiveness as the core variables of the study was investigated. Based on the conceptual background and our research questions, 5 research hypotheses and the proposed research model regarding the effects of emotional labor on organizational commitment and trust were developed. We also tried to include the moderating effects of work environment and gender of service providers on the research model. Unlike many different studies on emotional labor from the traditional perspective of service, this study also offers a practical implication by expanding and applying it to the field of college administrative service, which is an area where service providers are in the different working environment from the traditional company work environment. Finally, the managerial implications and the limitations of the study were also discussed. (shrink)

This dialogue addresses the global risk that broke out of the North Korean development of nuclear weapons and missiles. It starts from the brutal consequences of the national division for Korea and asks why North Korea has been so preoccupied with nuclear projects as has been found to be the case since the 1990s, and how much and why Kim Jung-un today differs from his father in terms of his future, and where the fundamental limit lies in Moon Jae-In’s as (...) well as Trump’s approaches to Korean denuclearization and peace. The highlight of this dialogue is to explain the intrinsic difficulties for Donald Trump and Kim Jung-un in finding a reasonable solution to their respective demands for denuclearization and regime security, and explore the likely future of the Korean Peninsula from the vantage point of Kim Dae-jung’s Sunshine Policy and metamorphosis. (shrink)

This introduction briefly describes the relational trajectory between Ulrich Beck and Asia in the last few years. It draws particular attention to his last words about the role of Asia in the global risk community. Beck began to speak of the concept of metamorphosis in the 2014 Seoul conference as the correct key to understanding emancipatory catastrophism that he had expressed in the 2013 Potsdam conference. He was fascinated by the explanatory power of this concept and was driven to complete (...) a book to explain the cosmopolitan change of the world from this perspective. With his advocacy of cities as cosmopolitan transformers, he urged Asian cities, particularly Seoul, to initiate ‘United Cities of Asia’ for a cosmopolitan cooperation for risk governance. Beck also suggested ‘a parliament of risk actors’ as a practical task to be realized in the future. In this introduction the author attempts to trace back the formation of these ideas by focusing on the interaction between Beck and Asia before his sudden passing. (shrink)

전통철학, 특히 이른바 분석철학에서는 개념적 분석에 관한 논쟁들에서 전형적으로 “직관”에 호소해왔다. 그래서 분석철학자들은 자신들의 철학논증들에서 직관을 사용하는 것이 일반적이며, 직관을 중요한 증거의 원천으로 간주해왔다. 예를 들어 지식에 대한 전통적 분석에 대해 이의를 제기했던 게티어(E. Gettier)는 어떤 사람이 정당화된 옳은 믿음을 가졌지만 지식을 가졌다고 볼 수 없는 두 개의 반대사례를 제시했는데, 이때 게티어가 호소한 것이 바로 “직관”이었다. 이런 식으로 분석철학자들은 특수 사례나 시나리오들에 관해 선이론적 “직관”에 호소한다.BR 그런데 21세기 들어와 철학에서는 “실험철학”(experimental philosophy)이라 불리는 새로운 운동이 일어났다. 실험철학은 실험심리학 같은 사회과학의 방법을 (...) 사용하여 사람들이 철학적 문제들에 관해 생각하는 방식을 설문조사를 통해 조사한 다음, 그러한 설문조사의 결과가 전통적인 철학적 논쟁들과 어떻게 관계가 있는지를 검토하는 운동이다. 대체로 실험철학은 출발 초기에는 전통적인 분석철학에 대해 부정적이거나 적대적 관계를 맺는 것으로 생각되었지만, 지금은 실험철학이라는 이름 아래 다양한 기획이 포함될 정도로 그 스펙트럼이 매우 넓다. 그럼에도 불구하고 실험철학자들이 수행한 연구의 폭과 그들의 핵심 방법론적 가정들은 그 동안 꾸준히 논란이 되어 왔다. 따라서 실험철학 운동 자체 및 그 운동이 추구하는 기획에 대해 다양한 반론이나 비판이 꾸준히 전개되어왔다는 것은 전혀 놀랄 일이 아니다.BR 이런 상황에서 최근 A. 카우피넨(A. Kauppinen)은 실험철학 운동에 대해 꽤 통렬한 비판을 전개했다. 그는 일반인들의 통속적 직관을 토대로 증거로서의 직관에 대해 회의적 주장을 펴는 실험철학 운동에 대해 피상적 직관(surface intuition)과 견고한 직관(robust intuition)의 구별을 통해 비판을 전개하였다. “견고한 직관에 의거한 논증”(argument from robust intuitions)이라고 부를 수 있는 그의 비판은 실험철학자들의 설문조사에서 드러나는 일반인들의 통속적 직관이 피상적 직관일 뿐 견고한 직관이 아니라는 데서 출발한다. 카우피넨에 따르면, 우리가 철학에서 필요로 하는 직관은 견고한 직관이며, 그래서 개념을 둘러싸고 벌어지는 철학적 논쟁은 실험철학자들이 지지하는 설문조사 방법을 통해 시험될 수 없다는 것이다.BR 이 논문은 실험철학에 대한 카우피넨의 이러한 비판이 과연 정당한지 검토해보려는 것이다. 그래서 먼저 철학에서 직관을 증거로 사용해온 관행에 대해 간단히 기술하고, 그러한 직관에 대한 실험철학자들의 경험적 시험의 사례를 제시한다. 그런 다음 카우피넨 비판의 기초가 된 피상적 직관과 견고한 직관의 구별을 설명한 뒤, 그의 견고한 직관에 의거한 논증을 제시한다. 그리고 마지막으로 그 논증을 통해 실험철학 운동을 비판하고 있는 그의 주장이 실험철학 운동 자체에 대한 비판으로서 얼마나 유효한지 비판적으로 검토할 것이다. 이 과정에서 필자는 그 동안 전개되어온 실험철학 기획의 다양성을 고려하여 극단적 실험철학과 온건한 실험철학을 구별한다. 그런 다음 카우피넨의 비판은 설령 정당하다 할지라도 극단적 실험철학에만 적용될 뿐이어서 실험철학 전체 기획에 대한 비판으로서 유효하지 못하다고 주장할 것이다. (shrink)

Artificial intelligence techniques in general and convolutional neural networks in particular have attained successful results in medical image analysis and classification. A deep CNN architecture has been proposed in this paper for the diagnosis of COVID-19 based on the chest X-ray image classification. Due to the nonavailability of sufficient-size and good-quality chest X-ray image dataset, an effective and accurate CNN classification was a challenge. To deal with these complexities such as the availability of a very-small-sized and imbalanced dataset with image-quality (...) issues, the dataset has been preprocessed in different phases using different techniques to achieve an effective training dataset for the proposed CNN model to attain its best performance. The preprocessing stages of the datasets performed in this study include dataset balancing, medical experts’ image analysis, and data augmentation. The experimental results have shown the overall accuracy as high as 99.5% which demonstrates the good capability of the proposed CNN model in the current application domain. The CNN model has been tested in two scenarios. In the first scenario, the model has been tested using the 100 X-ray images of the original processed dataset which achieved an accuracy of 100%. In the second scenario, the model has been tested using an independent dataset of COVID-19 X-ray images. The performance in this test scenario was as high as 99.5%. To further prove that the proposed model outperforms other models, a comparative analysis has been done with some of the machine learning algorithms. The proposed model has outperformed all the models generally and specifically when the model testing was done using an independent testing set. (shrink)

Modern schooling in Korea, which was officially established by law in 1949, is well known for its function as an engine of economic success in modern Korea. Although this fact seems to be world-wid...

Since service providers directly conduct emotional labor to customers, it is important to identify the factors influencing emotional labor of service providers. Even though the studies identifying the predisposing factors influencing emotional labor are taking place, there is no empirical evidence confirming how relationship bonds, which have been established between corporations and service providers, are related to emotional labor. This study examined the influences of relationship bonds on emotional labor through person-organization fit (P-O fit) and the moderating effects of collectivism (...) between P-O fit and emotional labor. Analysis was conducted by performing questionnaire surveys targeting 365 employees in the financial industry. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that financial bonds, social bonds, and structural bonds enhanced P-O fit and P-O fit improved deep acting. In addition, this study identified that collectivism of service providers strengthened the influence of P-O fit toward deep acting. This study not only suggested the empirical evidence identifying the process of relationship bonds influencing emotional labor but also expanded the scope of study by examining moderating roles of collectivism in cultural psychology aspect. (shrink)

단국대 학생들의 교책과목으로 집필된 책.단국대학교의 역사와 한민족의 가치관,미래부터 교육과 인간화까지 전체 15장에 엮었다.