Understanding and interpreting religious texts correctly is an important problem in every period and culture. Taking advantage of the ezperience of our ancient culture in solving this problem will greatly alleviate our burden. Because, despite the historical distance between us, it is possible to come across traces in the works of the predecessor ulama which will enlighten modern methods of today. In addition, the scientific and cultural heritage of the sects other than Ahl-Sunnah has rich content in this sense. To (...) benefit from this accumulation will give us different perspectives. In this article the principles that Zaydī mohaddith who lived in Hijri 6th centuryin Yemen, used in understanding and interpreting the hadiths of judgment are discussed around two main titles as internal and external factors and nineteen sub-titles under these titles. These principles were evaluated within the scope of his work called Uṣūl al-aḥkām al-jāmi' li-adillat al-ḥalāl wa-al-ḥarām. The principles that followed by an important figure of Zaydī thought, Ahmad b. Suleiman (d. 566/1171), in understanding and interpreting the hadiths of judgment include notable examples in this sense. Because he is more interested in the text and notion of hadiths rather than criticism of the sanad within framework of Zaydiyya of which he is a member. He also makes his comments from this perspective. In this aspect, this article will make a small contribution to the interpretation of the hadiths of ahkām. (shrink)

The narratives that are perceived to be in dispute are considered as problematic both within the Sunnī tradition and among scholars outside of this perspective, such as Ibāḍī and Shī’ī scholars and this problem continues to exist today. This situation may cause confusion in the followers of the two thought systems and may lead their interlocutors to have negative opinions about sunna and may bring to mind the idea that the hadiths are not reliable. Eliminating this negative situation about the (...) sunna of the Prophet is a step that will help minimizing the disputes that occur within the Islamic community and the groupings that occur as a result. For this reason, the steps to be determined and implemented to eliminate the contradictions between the hadiths are of great importance. A remarkable literature has emerged on resolving the conflict between hadiths as a result of the studies of Ahl al- sunna and Shī’ī scholars. Benefiting from this knowledge is the most fundamental step that will strengthen our hand and simplify our job in solving the problem. Even though there is a historical distance between us, the works of the predecessor scholars may have hints that can produce solutions to today's problems. In addition, handling such studies not only from the perspective of Ahl al-sunna but also from the perspective of different thoughts will add positive depth to the studies in this context. Zaydiyya, who exhibits a moderate approach to Ahl al- Sunna thought within the Shī’ī has a heritage that should be taken into account in this sense. With this article, it is aimed to benefit from the studies of the Zaydī tradition within Shī’ī in this field. Ahmed b. Suleiman (d. 566/1171) is an important representative of this sect. In his work called Usūl’al-Ahkâm he presents examples that will shed light on the issue of resolving the conflict between hadiths by using the combination and compilation method. In this article, we have tried to deal with the examples of his use of the combination and compilation methods within the framework of his work called Usūl’al-Ahkâm under the headings of "allocation, denial and paraphrasing. (shrink)

The book provides the first critical edition of the Dialogus written in Latin by William of Ockham in the 14th century. The dialogue is Ockham's chief work on political philosophy which engages with questions of property rights, natural law, and the theory of nation-states.

We study implications of Leibnizian ideas such as the identity of indiscernibles, and variety (due to Barbour and Smolin) in the context of Wolfram Model, which has been put forward in 2020. We have provided (at the moment) speculative interpretations for Leibnizian and non-Leibnizian hypergraphs. We introduced an action based on variety, to select paths where it is maximized. The specific universe which is of concern here is the one with name ‘wm1268’ from the Registry of Notable Universe Models, which (...) is used as a test case in the present study. (shrink)