In this paper, we present set theories based upon the paraconsistent logic Pac. We describe two different techniques to construct models of such set theories. The first of these is an adaptation of one used to construct classical models of positive comprehension. The properties of the models obtained in that way give rise to a natural paraconsistent set theory which is presented here. The status of the axiom of choice in that theory is also discussed. The second leads to show (...) that any classical universe of set theory (e.g. a model of ZF) can be extended to a paraconsistent one, via a term model construction using an adapted bisimulation technique. (shrink)

Cet ouvrage a pour enjeu de débattre du schéma théorique forgé par Alfred Schütz, promoteur de l'idée de sociologie phénoménologique (puisant son cadre analytique dans une lecture de la sociologie compréhensive weberienne, de la philosophie de la durée bergsonienne, et de la phénoménologie husserlienne). Les catégories princeps de la recherche sont dès lors celles de conscience, de temporalité et de signification. La structure phénoménologique de l'expérience sociale, l'essence de la compréhension intersubjective, les perspectives offertes par les tenants d'une sociologie formiste (...) en matière d'entendement de l'interaction, sont les thèmes majeurs de ce débat. Dans le cadre de cette lecture, Thierry Blin tente d'établir les principes d'une sociologie phénoménologique formiste ou structurale, permettant ainsi de fonder à nouveaux frais une sociologie de l'action. (shrink)

continent. 2.3 (2012): 224–228 Introduction Jamie Allen Thierry Geoffroy’s conceptual, event- and environment-based art practice has generated over two-decades of definitional activity around what he terms “format art.” The works re-galvanize the energies of a syndicatable, open and atmospheric arrangement, of varying specifics dependent on context, participants and environment. With formats like the Emergency Room, Biennalist, and the Critical Run, Geoffroy endeavors to imbricate art and artist in the most exigent and current of social, political and mediatised spectacles. The (...) result seems to plant us at a triangulation of the configurations proposed by Alan Kaprow, Andrea Fraser and Alan Abel. Geoffroy plays up a guileless innocence (at times sporting the “Naive Blue Helmet”) as he interviews spectactors at the 2012 dOCUMENTA13 exhibitions in Kassel, Germany. What he evokes is a declamation of the appropriative, unenthusiastic, cool inclinations of the mainstream art festival, the profligate biennial (triennial, quadrennial, etc.) circuit and national and global ideological cultural-engines. In propositional artifacts, definitional articles and direct transmissions from Geoffroy’s Emergency Room field office at dOCUMENTA13, the masking of an emergency is here questioned: Can an art show like dOCUMENTA be dangerous? —JA Is dOCUMENTA designed to make people cry about something and not make them see something else? Is the contemporary a distraction from the present? Can art in delay have any impact with today? Do we learn anything by seeing art shows reflecting on history? Could 860,000 visitors have been intoxicated by an apathic gaze than keep them away from reacting? Why is dOCUMENTA proud of having recieve no critic? Why is proximity less important? Why was dOCUMENTA in Kabul? Can weapons designed to kill protesters sold to a repressing regime be contradictory to the support of the Arab Spring? Is the contemporary like a flea market to avoid to debating the important topics of today? Can art be in advance of the broken arm, and avoid accident? Is the goal of dOCUMENTA to create a revolution or to entertain? Is dOCUMENTA betterly done than Disney Land? Is it better to watch Fox News for two years or to go to dOCUMENTA for two days? If a curator, curating a contemporary art show about war, forgets to debate about the weapons factories next door, should it be considered as a professional mistake? Is it OK to employ philosophers to promote vodka? Is navigation a threat? Can an art show like dOCUMENTA be dangerous? Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel author of the month Global Art and the Museum @ZKM: " THE NEXT DOCUMENTA SHOULD BE CURATED BY A TANK " Link to Emergency Room Dictionary < /a> "COOLNESS" from the EMERGENCY ROOM DICTIONARY by COLONEL MUSIC Biennalist at dOCUMENTA 13 "TIRED" from the EMERGENCY ROOM DICTIONARY by COLONEL MUSIC Link to " APATHY " (from the Emergency Room Dictionary ) AWARENESS MUSCLE [fr. muscle de la conscience ] In the same sense memory can be trained, an awareness muscle can be developed by an effort. To develop the awareness muscle, the artist has to reduce his gesticulations. When an artist is busy the artist is not very aware the artist is occupied. A daily training is necessary But how to train? Scanning the news in a critical way could be one exercise. Daily debating politics with others could be another. Looking at other point of views usually produces significant improvements. Fighting prejudice is an excellent exercise. Many other forms of training could also produce beneficial effects for the awareness muscle. Continuous and daily training is important. For instance rewinding and slow motioning what has been absorbed getting away the sugar from the propaganda machines talking to everyone excercise comparatif critical run. If not daily trained the awareness muscle can degrade into atrophy To develop the awareness muscle requires will-power Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel. (shrink)

'The Matrix Project' comprises two contexts, namely photographic work of architect Thierry Lagrange and the self-reflective trajectory that he developed during his doctorate at KULeuven. Lagrange's practice-based research developed to an autonomous artistic project, in which he studied the signification and nature of observation within a creative process. Through his multifaceted practice as an architect, photographer and researcher, Lagrange developed 'The Matrix Method'; a method that stimulates creativity within different contexts and can be implemented for example in art education. (...) For the Matrix Project, 25 years' worth of photographs was entered into a context of research and presents a new perspective on different ways of seeing in our present visual culture. (shrink)

Presenting a series of historical portraits of Bantu, Thierry Secretan recounts his investigation into the compounds that housed the black labor of the gold mines of the Rand, around Johannesburg. The use of a « pass » to control the black miners prefigured the apartheid system. From 1904 to 1939,Alfred Martin Duggan-Cronin, an Irish guard at one of the compounds, began to photograph the different kind of people doing the hard labor in the mines. The results were some 7200 (...) exposures and working prints, on 13 /18 cm negatives. Hundreds of enlargements were exhibited from 1925 onward in a gallery in his own home in Kimberley. These photographs were rediscovered in 1998 by Thierry Secretan, who is still attempting to save them front slow destruction: they constitute an extraordinary catalogue of the Bantu cultures. (shrink)

Époque de transition, la Renaissance connaît une série d’évolutions de l’idée politique d’empire (héritée du Moyen Âge) vers la réalité moderne d’un vaste marché coordonnant progressivement les économies nationales particulières et leurs réseaux d’influence. Ces évolutions permettent-elles d’évoquer la mise en place d’une « version économique de l’empire » ? Peut-on regarder ce qui se joue à la Renaissance, saisie à travers ses relations géopolitiques, comme la préfiguration de la globalisation ? L’article examine ces questions à partir de plusieurs hypothèses (...) et défend la thèse que l’idée d’empire subit à cette époque des « métamorphoses », c’est-à-dire des évolutions qui en modifient le concept, notamment en ce qui concerne le rapport entre domination et territorialité. (shrink)

Valorising the biocultural heritage of common goods could enable peasant farmers to achieve socially and economically inclusive sustainability. Increasingly appreciated by consumers, peasant heritage products offer small farmers promising opportunities for economic, social and territorial development. Identifying the obstacles and levers of this complex, multi-scale and multi-stakeholder objective requires an integrative framework. We applied the panarchy conceptual framework to two cases of participatory research with small quinoa producers: a local fair in Chile and quinoa export production in Bolivia. In both (...) cases, the “commoning” process was crucial both to bring stakeholders together inside their communities and to gain outside recognition for their production and thus achieve social and economic inclusion. Despite the differences in scale, the local fair and the export market shared a similar marketing strategy based on short value chains promoting quality products with high identity value. In these dynamics of biocultural heritage valorisation, the panarchical approach revealed the central place as well as the vulnerability of the community territory. As a place of both anchoring and opening, the community territory is the privileged space where autonomous and consensual control over the governance of common biocultural resources can be exercised. (shrink)

Fifty years after his death, the thought of the French scientist and Jesuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881–1955) continues to inspire new ways of understanding humanity’s future. Trained as a paleontologist and philosopher, Teilhard was an innovative synthesizer of science and religion, developing an idea of evolution as an unfolding of material and mental worlds into an integrated, holistic universe at what he called the Omega Point. His books, such as the bestselling The Phenomenon of Man, have influenced generations of (...) ecologists, environmentalists, planners, and others concerned with the fate of the earth.This book brings together original essays by leading experts who reflect on Teilhard’s legacy for today’s globalized world. They explore such topics as: the idea of God and the person; quantum reality and Teilhard’s vision; spiritual resources for the future; politics and economics; and a charter for co-evolution. (shrink)

"Based on the reading of the only twelfth-century manuscript of the Enigma extant, Charleville MS. 114, and an examination of the fifteenth-century manuscript Uppsala C. 79." Revision of the editor's thesis, Catholic University of America, 1971, presented under title: The enigma fidei of William of Saint Thierry, a translation and commentary. Bibliography: p. 119-120.

Une analyse de la dimension egoiste de la personnalite de Montaigne, prise dans un sens moral, qui romprait avec la traditionnelle emprise de la sphere publique sur le prive, posant les jalons d'une pensee liberale. Il confronte la pensee du philosophe a celle d'Habermas, d'Arendt, de Derrida et de Rand pour en devoiler l'heritage.

The essential junkiness of our culture and biology.

Thierry Meynard examines how the Jesuits in China came to understand the Confucian tradition, and how they offered the first complete translation of the Lunyu in the West, in the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus.

Si l’immunité du philosophe de la connaissance aux penchants irrationalistes et au modèle tyrannique de Kraus ne fait pas de doute, l’intérêt pour ses outils trouve son sens dans la prise de conscience par le rationaliste des limites de l’Aufklärung. Contre les tentations élitistes de certains enthousiastes naïfs (la liberté naîtra de la lucidité acquise par la seule science et le seul exercice de la raison), Bouveresse tient la satire et l’ironie pour indispensables : le monde intellectuel n’est pas moins (...) violent et injuste que les autres mondes sociaux ; on ne peut y défendre l’honnêteté intellectuelle et l’exigence de justice sociale et économique sans accompagner l’exercice de la raison et les luttes pour un monde égalitaire par l’exercice d’une contre-violence au moins équivalente à la violence de l’attaque dont sont l’objet ces valeurs inséparables aux yeux du démocrate armé. (shrink)

Les premiers travaux d’histoire du sport sont à peu près contemporains des premières initiatives en faveur d’une histoire des femmes au début des années 1970. Dans ces conditions, le constat d’une antériorité des travaux nord-américains sur l’histoire du sport féminin dans les années 1980 puis, ultérieurement, sur l’histoire du sport et du genre, ne saurait véritablement surprendre, États-Unis et Canada étant en l’occurrence des nations doublement pionnières en matière d’histoire du sport et...

Etudier le probleme de la personne, c'est s'interesser a un probleme qui traverse a peu pres tous les domaines de la philosophie, depuis la psychologie jusqu'a la theologie en passant par l'ethique et par le droit, mais dont le denominateur commun est la definition du soi-meme. Etudier ce probleme chez Maimonide, c'est voir comment un philosophe juif du Moyen-Age pouvait elaborer une representation coherente de l'homme en s'appuyant a la fois sur la pensee greco-arabe et sur la tradition hebraique. Ce (...) livre espere contribuer a une meilleure comprehension d'un philosophe dont on a trop souvent fragmente la pensee, apparemment dechiree entre des sources contradictoires. En fait, Maimonide a su developper un dialogue critique entre deux heritages qui demeurent aux fondements de la civilisation occidentale. C'est ce qui donne a sa pensee son caractere eminemment actuel. (shrink)

L'oeuvre et la pensée de Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) semblent devoir éternellement se résumer à ses cieux textes les plus célèbres, Walden ou la vie dans les bois et La Désobéissance civile, occultant un parcours riche et complexe. Chantre de la liberté individuelle, engagé activement dans la lutte contre l'esclavage, il ne fut pas cet ermite vivant clans sa cabane retirée au bord d'un lac, dans la forêt, bien qu'il entretînt une relation panthéiste avec la Nature. Inlassable arpenteur de sa (...) région, autour de Concord, en Nouvelle-Angleterre, il vécut de son métier de géomètre qui lui permit de s'adonner à l'observation de la faune et de la flore. Nourri de littérature classique et de philosophie orientale, éternel célibataire aux nombreuses amitiés masculines et féminines, brillant conférencier, il concentre en lui cette indépendance intemporelle et cet appel du Wild qui constituent l'âme de la nation américaine. Au risque d'écorner l'image d'Epinal que s'est faite de lui la postérité, cette biographie se propose de révéler les aspects les moins connus de la vie du grand écrivain, qui tint son Journal pendant un quart de siècle. Loin d'en souffrir, l'image de Thoreau se trouve au contraire rehaussée par cet éclairage nouveau. (shrink)

Ce recueil d'études met en rapport deux mutations caractéristiques de la période d'élaboration de la philosophie moderne : le foisonnement des discours polémiques sur les animaux, leur nature, leurs facultés cognitives et morales, etc. ; la mutation d'ordre anthropologique qui s'appuie sur la nature et l'animal pour mieux comprendre la nature de l'homme et son rapport au monde.

Selon un décret milésien du ive siècle av. n. è., un Perse du nom de Strusès aurait été satrape d'Ionie ; d'autre part, huit inscriptions de Carie confèrent à plusieurs Hécatomnides le titre de satrape. Sur la foi de ces documents, l'historiographie moderne a accrédité l'existence de ces deux provinces impériales, d'autant que leur création semblait contemporaine et politiquement liée. Pourtant des considérations chronologiques et historiques, l'examen des textes littéraires et ce que l'on sait par ailleurs des satrapes dans l'empire (...) achéménide remettent en cause l'historicité de telles «satrapies». (shrink)

Considérer saint Thomas d'Aquin comme un philosophe : la gageure est moindre que pour saint Augustin. Les images d'Epinal ne sont pas toujours mensongères et, s'il en est une qui dit la vérité, c'est bien celle de la distinction que Thomas tient entre foi et raison, théologie et philosophie. A condition toutefois de préciser que les deux disciplines ne sont par lui distinguées que pour unir, sinon leurs principes, leurs méthodes et leurs résultats, du moins la totalité du spectre de (...) la sagesse. Cette philosophie aux coudées franches s'avère de premier rang. Elle séduit par sa force spéculative et sa clarté, et trouve ces dernières années un public de plus en plus large. Ce volume est donc consacré à la philosophie de saint Thomas. Il couvre la plupart des domaines majeurs où Thomas impose sa marque, assumant les traditions qu'il fait siennes et aussi qu'il dépasse dans une synthèse originale : philosophie de la connaissance, métaphysique, Dieu, éthique, politique. Sans s'interdire des interactions avec les domaines de la théologie, de l'Ecriture et de la mystique, sans non plus négliger quelques-uns des recoins les plus inattendus de la pensée thomasienne, ni ses liens avec les autres doctrines médiévales, ni l'influence qu'elle exerce sur la littérature moderne. Un tel ensemble témoigne des derniers acquis universitaires, sur les questions qu'il traite, d'une nouvelle génération de chercheurs, ainsi que d'un souci pédagogique d'exposition. En langue française, un tel collectif sur la philosophie de Thomas d'Aquin se faisait attendre depuis longtemps. Thierry Dominique Humbrecht. (shrink)

Résumé Quand l’urbanisme naît au tournant du 19 e /20 e siècle, il ne considère pas la ville sans la nature. Certains, comme Ebenezer Howard, pensent que la cité-jardin va devenir le nouveau visage du paysage urbain n’associant que les aspects positifs et de la grande ville et de la campagne… D’autres, hygiénistes et rationalistes, prônent un urbanisme fonctionnel dans lequel « l’espace vert » est constitutif du plan d’ensemble. Ainsi, la nature n’est-elle pas oubliée. Mais de quelle « nature»s’agit-il? (...) Une « nature » extérieure au citadin, comme un ornement ou une une décoration? Une valorisation du cadre bâti et non pas comme la condition même de notre existence d’humain? Ainsi, derrière la prise en compte de la « nature » par les urbanistes trouvons nous des intentions bien différentes, d’une époque à une autre et d’une culture à une autre. La « nature » globalisée, standardisée qui participe dorénavant au marketing urbain, n’est qu’une image, elle n’est plus localisée, cultivée ou encore sauvage, partenaire de notre condition de terrien. Ce sont ces transformations en cours que tente d’examiner Thierry Paquot. (shrink)

This root-and-branch reevaluation of Darwin's concept of sexual selection tackles the subject from historical, epistemological and theoretical perspectives. Contributions from a wealth of disciplines have been marshaled for this volume, with key figures in behavioural ecology, philosophy, and the history of science adding to its wide-ranging relevance. Updating the reader on the debate currently live in behavioural ecology itself on the centrality of sexual selection, and with coverage of developments in the field of animal aesthetics, the book details the current (...) state of play, while other chapters trace the history of sexual selection from Darwin to today and inquire into the neurobiological bases for partner choices and the comparisons between the hedonic brain in human and non-human animals. Welcome space is given to the social aspects of sexual selection, particularly where Darwin drew distinctions between eager males and coy females and rationalized this as evolutionary strategy. Also explored are the current definition of sexual selection (as opposed to natural selection) and its importance in today's biological research, and the impending critique of the theory from the nascent field of animal aesthetics. As a comprehensive assessment of the current health, or otherwise, of Darwin's theory, 140 years after the publication of his Descent of Man, the book offers a uniquely rounded view that asks whether 'sexual selection' is in itself a progressive or reactionary notion, even as it explores its theoretical relevance in the technical biological study of the twenty-first century. (shrink)

Thierry Laronde basing on the statement of the social utility of ideas, to denounce the policy of the European Office of Patents in which he blames for accepting in facts, software patenting and limit so the social circulation of ideas. Indeed in the case of the software, originality, only patentable, does not lie as in the theory as in an implementation by a soft-engineer which participates in a chain in which the assertion of an individual right is difficult even (...) impossible. A contrario GNU’s General Public Licence facilitates the distribution of the knowledge’s distribution, by the spread and the re-use of the code even though it does not offer any guarantee against the patenting of ideas. (shrink)

In times of social and moral crises, sport has often been called to boost individual moral development. By the same token, outdoor activities are viewed as good educational practices to enhance environmental responsibility. However, the present paper argues that these physical activities are currently following the same technological development trend as the mainstream society, and challenges this trend itself in terms of sustainability by critically asking this question: Do outdoor activities really enhance environmental responsibility? The research supporting this paper is (...) based on a qualitative inquiry using interviews with outdoor activities practitioners: mountain guides and white water sports instructors. The findings of this research show that environmental responsibility development depends on the sport contexts. It is fostered in slow and none-technological activities and lowered in fast and technological activities. The paper concludes with the following paradox reached by the preliminary research results: the birth of modern technology calls for greater need of environmental responsibility, but it may also prevent its development at the same time. (shrink)

Research has given little attention to the influence of incidental emotions on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), in which processing of the emotional cues associated with each decision is necessary to make advantageous decisions. Drawing on cognitive theories of emotions, we tested whether uncertainty-associated emotion can cancel the positive effect of the hunch period, by preventing participants from developing a tendency towards advantageous decisions. Our explanation is that uncertainty appraisals initiate deliberative processing that is irrelevant to process emotional cues, contrary (...) to intuitive processing (Kahneman, 2003; Tiedens & Linton, 2001). As expected, uncertainty-associated emotion cancelled the positive effect of the hunch period in the IGT compared to certainty-associated emotion: disgusted participants (certainty-associated emotion) and sad participants induced to feel certainty developed a stronger tendency towards advantageous decisions than sad participants induced to feel uncertainty. We discuss the importance of the core components that trigger incidental emotions to predict decision making. (shrink)

Objective: Body dissatisfaction is a major risk factor underlying vulnerability to eating disorders. Laboratory settings suggest that body dissatisfaction could be improved by using evaluative conditioning (EC). The present study evaluates the feasibility of using an EC app in everyday life and the effects of its use on body dissatisfaction. Method: We designed a game-like app inspired by the Therapeutic Evaluative Conditioning app. 60 participants were randomly assigned to two conditions. Participants in the EC condition had to pair photographs of (...) their own body with positive photographs, while participants in the neutral condition had to pair photographs of their own body with neutral photographs. We tested the effect of use of the app on body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, self-esteem, mood and eating behaviors. Results: Analysis revealed that participants in all conditions presented a significant decrease in body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. However, contrary to our hypothesis, these reductions were not greater in the EC condition than in the neutral condition. Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the effects of an app-based EC intervention targeting body image. Results appear to be promising and the app could easily be implemented in an ecological setting as it is a low effort, attractive and accessible intervention. However, these findings do not support the idea that evaluative conditioning is responsible for the effects. Results are discussed. (shrink)