How do we listen to the earth? That is the central question posed in Geosonics: Bodies, Instruments, Interfaces. Through sound studies, media theory, and environmental media studies, Josh Dittrich studies explores who is considered "we" and what is the "earth," as well what counts as sound and the climate implications at play when mediating the environment. In an epoch of climate crisis, environment is no longer a neutral background, site or a simple "surrounding": environment is immanently implicated in the (...) chains of mediation that make up the material and imaginative infrastructure of our lives. (shrink)

A revived figure of teenage Albert Einstein is confronted at the threshold of the second millennium with a problem of a graphical likeness of the Lambert W function-based cosmological equations to a logarithmic-exponential discontinuous function that he has just plotted. To puzzle the issue out his mind is put onto an imaginary mathematical-philosophical-physical trail ride around the Universe. Euler’s identity that he invited to ride pillion on his Pegasus of Imagination spanks the cavalier’s horse to carry him on wings of (...) Leibniz’ zero-nothingness unity-infiniteness array towards a non-Euclidean landscape of novel cosmological equations – which describe behaviour of principal cosmological parameters as an exclusive function of the scale factor. Zero, unity, p, and Euler’s number become in the rider’s eyes a quaternion of linesmen – and the imaginary unit the one who as a chief referee opens and controls on the space-time playground a collective mass-energy game. And while the young cavalier observes from a horseback of his mount that within the playground expansion the cosmic match is running into the order of timelessness and spacelessness the Universe with all of its ever existing forms and events, thoughts and memories, unveils to him its all-encompassing face of eternity and immortality attributable to God. (shrink)

The heart has a high‐metabolic rate, and its “around‐the‐clock” vital role to sustain life sets it apart in a regenerative setting from other organs and appendages. The landscape of vertebrate species known to perform intrinsic heart regeneration is strongly biased toward ectotherms—for example, fish, salamanders, and embryonic/neonatal ectothermic mammals. It is hypothesized that intrinsic heart regeneration is exclusively limited to the low‐metabolic hearts of ectotherms. The biomedical field of regenerative medicine seeks to devise biologically inspired regenerative therapies to diseased human (...) hearts. Falsification of the ectothermy dependency for heart regeneration hypothesis may be a crucial prerequisite to meaningfully seek inspiration in established ectothermic regenerative animal models. Otherwise, engineering approaches to construct artificial heart components may constitute a more viable path toward regenerative therapies. A more strict definition of regenerative phenomena is generated and several testable sub‐hypotheses and experimental avenues are put forward to elucidate the link between heart regeneration and metabolism. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/fZcanaOT5z8. (shrink)

This paper considers some of the ethical issues surrounding the study of malicious activity in social networks, specifically using a technique known as social honeypots combined with the use of deception. This is a potentially touchy area of study that is common to social and behavioral research that is well understood to fall within the boundaries of human subjects research that is regulated in the United States and reviewed by institutional review boards, but is not well understood by computer security (...) researchers or those in the private sector. The firestorm of controversy over the 2014 “emotional contagion” study of Facebook users shows that learning about being deceived may itself be the harm, to both those users involved and their trust in researchers and research in general. Should researchers have an obligation to try to find research methods that do not involve deception to achieve the same research results? (shrink)

David Ripley ha argumentado extensamente a favor de una teoría no-transitiva de la verdad que abandona la regla de Corte para así evitar las pruebas de trivialidad causadas por paradojas como la del mentiroso. Sin embargo, es problemático comparar su teoría con varias teorías clásicas que se han ofrecido en la bibliografía. La tarea de formular esta teoría sobre la aritmética de Peano no es trivial, ya que Corte no es eliminable en la aritmética de Peano. En este artículo intento (...) cerrar esta brecha proponiendo una restricción adecuada para la regla de Corte. La restricción nos permite formular una teoría no-transitiva de la verdad sobre la aritmética de Peano que es, desde el punto de vista de la teoría de la prueba, tan fuerte como la teoría clásica de la verdad más fuerte conocida hasta el momento. (shrink)

Décédé le 8 juin 2004, le philosophe mexicain Leopoldo Zea est sans doute le plus universel des penseurs de ce pays et un des plus importants intellectuels latino-américains de notre temps.Né le 30 juin 1912 à Mexico, dans une famille de condition modeste, il est obligé, avant d’obtenir une bourse, d’accepter un travail nocturne pour pouvoir faire ses études. En 1943, après avoir..

El Banquete de Platón escenifica una subversión lúdica de la paiderastía por parte de la philosophía a través de sucesivos discursos interconectados. Fedro y Agatón elogian a Érōs como un dios que preside las relaciones homoeróticas, ya sea en la guerra o en la paz. Pausanias y Erixímaco distinguen entre dos Érōtes, ansiosos por supervisar estas comunidades pederásticas e incluso la armonía cósmica. Pero Aristófanes subvierte su perspectiva al introducir al Andrógino, una combinación de hombre y mujer, el cual, siendo (...) expuesto por Sócrates-Diotima, dará finalmente a luz al Érōs-Daímōn. Solo él nos asegurará una verdadera comunidad humana al permitirnos una verdadera comunión con lo divino, como atestigua el elogio final de Alcibíades a Sócrates. (shrink)

A survey is presented showing an above-average performance by candidates of several Central/Eastern European countries in the world-wide competition for the Alexander von Humboldt fellowships in the period before 1989, in spite of various administrative obstacles imposed by their countries. The success rate can be linked to the traditionally relatively high level of educational standards there. The administrative obstacles are illustrated by taking the former Czechoslovakia as an example, and also by way of a personal case study.

Příspěvek poukazuje na současnou pozici (roli) transdisciplinárního přístupu ve vědě, kdy upozorňuje na potřebu, důvody a význam inter- a transdisciplinární spolupráce napříč humanitními i přírodními vědami. Výklad se opírá o zásadní ideové fundamenty filosofie a metodologie vědy a zasazuje problematiku do širšího kontextu informatizace, respektive takzvané informační společnosti, která vytváří nové (virtuální) světy (jako produkty konstruktivního typu racionality). Dále je představen obecný postup při výzkumu nových fenoménů stavějících na transdisciplinární platformě. Popsaný vývoj v oblasti vědy s sebou nese také změnu (...) přístupu ke vzdělanosti (potřebu změny). Do popředí se v současné době (opět) dostává otázka multioborově vzdělaného člověka. (shrink)

Recenze knihy:Matti Eklund, Choosing Normative Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2017, 224 s.

This chapter contains sections titled: The Term “Philosophy of History” The Terms “Philosophy” and “History” Historiographical Production Critical Theory of Historiography vs. Substantive Philosophy of History The Meaning and Function of History The Evolution of Substantive Philosophies of History The Poetics of the Substantive Philosophy of History The Arrival of the Philosophy of Historiography References Further Reading.

Despite the size and thanks to the rich brown coal reserves, the Czech Republic is one of the leading energy producers in Europe, and the 7th biggest exporter of electricity in the world. However, following the climate change mitigation, the novel energy policy that enhances the reduction of coal mining is about to be implemented. A preliminary material flow analysis of the Czech energy sector was carried out. The data obtained confirmed that this government act would result in a dramatic (...) reduction of revenues from electricity sales. Conversely, increased costs would be necessary in order to modernize nuclear power plants and promote the production of renewable energy. In addition, the economic analysis revealed that the act might be prejudicial to economic relations in Central and Western-European countries as some of them are significantly dependent on the electricity imported from the Czech Republic. Disputes between engineers and politicians were highlighted. The aforementioned interrelations were subsequently analyzed and a conclusion was made stating that global interests should have the highest moral priority. (shrink)

Abstract:This essay explores affinities between etymology and geology by way of Sun Ra’s poetry. The first part suggests that geology and etymology share a methodological and metaphorical potential for apprehending unconformities, that is, for understanding the contradictory ways in which time, space, and history can converge together in a single site or sound. The second part approaches Ra’s Afrofuturist poetics as a creative practice of etymology and geology, arguing that Ra locates his critical-utopian vision in an Earth-scale reckoning with an (...) idiosyncratic etymology. The third part shows how Ra situates race on his etymological landscape. (shrink)

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à situer la position particulière du philosophe Ronald Dworkin à l’égard du droit naturel. Dworkin a formulé une critique du positivisme juridique, qui le rapproche du jusnaturalisme. Toutefois, Dworkin se refuse à fonder les droits sur un supposé ordre moral indépendant que le législateur ou le juge aurait pour tâche de découvrir lorsqu’il produit la loi. Dworkin substitue aux lois naturelles des principes du droit. Ces derniers ne sont pas des vérités morales indépendantes, mais des (...) critères moraux, qu’il est possible de construire rationnellement. Nous montrons ainsi que Dworkin élabore une forme de constructivisme moral, en partie inspiré de John Rawls, mais appliqué au domaine judiciaire au sein duquel les décisions présentes doivent être cohérentes avec les décisions passées, qui lui permet de redéfinir un droit naturel non transcendant. (shrink)

Axiologie je v publikaci pojímána jako specializovaný filosofický obor, jehož úkolem není nejobecnější filosofické pojmy a kategorie vykládat, nýbrž pracovat s nimi a aplikovat je metodologicky na řešení speciálníchhodnotových problémů. Autor se zaměřuje na řešení hodnotové problematiky naší doby z různých stránek a uvažuje o marxistickém přístupu k podstatě hodnotových jevů na základě analýzy subjekto-objektového vztahu. V příloze podávápřehled historického vývoje hodnotové problematiky a jejího řešení. Pro čtenáře, kteří mají určité mezery v elementárních filosofických znalostech, připojuje stručný filosofický slovníček, vysvětlující (...) některé ze základníchfilosofických pojmů a kategorií. (shrink)

Článek se zabývá kritickým rozborem hlavních metod zkoumání rakouské ekonomické školy. Nejprve je pozornost věnována metodologickému individualismu a subjektivismu a možných problémů, které jsou spojeny s jejich plně konzistentním uplatňováním. Dále je vysvětlena neoprávněnost kritiky ekonomie hlavního proudu rakouskou školou z hlediska praxeologického zákona. Poslední kapitola se věnuje kritice axiomatického chápání racionality jakožto nutného předpokladu pro metodologický individualismus a praxeologii.

It was Hume's concept of knowledge that marked Masaryk's philosophy more than influential Kant. Masaryk devoted Hume his inaugural lecture The Probability Calculus and Hume's Scepticism at Prague University in 1882. He tried to face his scepticism concerning causation and induction by a formula P = n: or P = : where P means the increasing probability that an event that had happened n times in the past will happen again. Hume stresses that there is an essential difference between probability (...) and certainty, and we have no logical reason to presuppose that the past experience is legitimate for expectation that the future will resemble to the past. Only our belief, not knowledge, leads us to that. Although Masaryk did not accept Hume's scepticism, he had deep understanding for his way of thinking. Reflection of Hume's influence on Masaryk in Czech philosophy is unsatisfactory, which is stated in this article. (shrink)

Plutarch’s Dialogue on Love (Erōtikos), certainly one of his most sublime and intriguing masterpieces, has for a long time puzzled many readers and commentators, concerning both its attitude towards Plato and its precise political and metaphysical scope. At a first level, some have argued that the main theme of the dialogue, from beginning to end, is the praise of conjugal love, and that Plutarch’s revolutionary conception of marriage departs from Plato’s one. At a second level, some have objected that the (...) main point is rather the central praise of the god of Love, which ensures the possibility for true human love, by rekindling the Thespian tradition of the Erōtideia. As regards politics and religion, Plutarch seems therefore to distance himself from Plato. Still, at a third level, many have noticed the great literary and philosophical debt of the Chaeronean towards his acknowledged model, for the dialogue is constantly borrowing from the Symposium and the Phaedrus. Whilst the reference to the latter is clearer, the influence of the former is much more problematic. All scholars have then struggled with the extraordinary absence in the text of the well‑known Erōs‑Daimōn, especially since Plutarch makes direct use of and explicit allusions to Diotima’s speech. How can we plainly explain such an enigmatic absence? And does it necessarily mean any departure from the essence of Platonic philosophy? We propose an entirely new reading of the Dialogue on Love based upon the general hypothesis that it dramatically and symbolically represents the birth through the text of the Erōs‑Daimōn. The whole dialogue reveals itself as being a staging of the locus classicus of Plato’s Symposium, the familial triad Plutarch‑Timoxena‑Autoboulos reflecting the philosophical triad Socrates‑Diotima‑Erōs‑Daimōn, which is further supported by the harmonization of the Egyptian triad Osiris‑Isis‑Horus with the Platonic triad Poros‑Penia‑Erōs in the Isis and Osiris. Thus, the birth of the philosophical love in the soul of the reader is finally happening. (shrink)

This article investigates whether editorial board members of selected economic journals publish their research papers in their ‘own’ journal. Journals were selected from the Journal Citation Report® from the categories Business; Business, Finance; and Economics. Only research articles published between 2012 and 2015 were included in the analysis. We recorded ratios concerning the share of articles authored by editorial board members, the share of editorial board members publishing in their own journals and ratios representing their publication output. The average share (...) of articles authored by editorial board members ranges from 0.6 to 17.5%. The average share of editorial board members publishing in their own journals ranges from 5.6 to 24.4%. Considering only editorial board members publishing in their own journals, the share of their articles in their journals ranges from 8.2 to 71.4%. While the share of board members publishing only in their own journals, to the number of board members publishing in their own journals, the ratio in a quarter of journals is equal to zero, with a maximum reach of 85.7%. All observed ratios are significantly positively correlated with the gap between impact factor and impact factor without Journal Self Cites; and negatively correlated with the Article Influence Score. A cluster of journals in which a high proportion of editorial board members publish and simultaneously these members publish in their own journal at a high rate was identified. (shrink)