Results for ' Positivist researching'

962 found
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  1.  44
    Making Quantitative Research Work: From Positivist Dogma to Actual Social Scientific Inquiry.Michael J. Zyphur & Dean C. Pierides - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 167 (1):49-62.
    Researchers misunderstand their role in creating ethical problems when they allow dogmas to purportedly divorce scientists and scientific practices from the values that they embody. Cortina, Edwards, and Powell help us clarify and further develop our position by responding to our critique of, and alternatives to, this misleading separation. In this rebuttal, we explore how the desire to achieve the separation of facts and values is unscientific on the very terms endorsed by its advocates—this separation is refuted by empirical observation. (...)
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  2.  66
    The redundancy of positivism as a paradigm for nursing research.Margarita Corry, Sam Porter & Hugh McKenna - 2019 - Nursing Philosophy 20 (1):e12230.
    New nursing researchers are faced with a smorgasbord of competing methodologies. Sometimes, they are encouraged to adopt the research paradigms beloved of their senior colleagues. This is a problem if those paradigms are no longer of contemporary methodological relevance. The aim of this paper was to provide clarity about current research paradigms. It seeks to interrogate the continuing viability of positivism as a guiding paradigm for nursing research. It does this by critically analysing the methodological literature. Five major paradigms are (...)
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  3.  15
    Scientific positivism and the controversy over research into lesbian and gay parenting.Aleardo Zanghellini - unknown
    Researchers in developmental psychology have concluded that no significant differences exist between children raised by lesbians and gay men and those raised by heterosexuals. Although these scientific studies have attracted criticism, scrutiny has shown that they are actually epistemologically sounder than the body of knowledge that the critics themselves have developed in order to mount their case against lesbian and gay parenting. Nevertheless, to the extent that they are limited by a number of problematic assumptions structuring the paradigm within which (...)
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  4.  38
    Exploring the use of feminist philosophy within nursing research to enhance post-positivist methodologies in the study of cardiovascular health.Faye S. Routledge - 2007 - Nursing Philosophy 8 (4):278-290.
    Nursing has historically relied heavily on scientific knowledge. It is not surprising that the cardiovascular health literature has been highly influenced by the post‐positivist philosophy. The nursing discipline, as well as the cardiovascular nursing speciality, continues to benefit from research grounded within this philosophical tradition. At the same time, there are limitations associated with post‐positivism. Therefore, it is beneficial for researchers and clinicians to examine the potential contributions various philosophical traditions can have for their research and practice. This paper (...)
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  5. Beyond positivism: A research program for philosophy of history.Raymond Martin - 1981 - Philosophy of Science 48 (1):112-121.
    It is argued that the debate over the positivist theory of historical explanation has made only a limited contribution to our understanding of how historians should defend the explanations they propose importantly because both positivists and their critics tacitly accepted two assumptions. The first assumption is that if the positivist analysis of historical explanation is correct, then historians ought to attempt to defend covering laws for each of the explanations they propose. The second is that unless a historian (...)
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  6.  59
    Positivism's Stagnant Research Programme.David Dyzenhaus - 2000 - Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 20 (4):703-722.
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  7.  24
    Interpretive research design: concepts and processes.Peregrine Schwartz-Shea - 2012 - New York, NY: Routledge. Edited by Dvora Yanow.
    Research design is fundamentally central to all scientific endeavors, at all levels and in all institutional settings. This book is a practical, short, simple, and authoritative examination of the concepts and issues in interpretive research design, looking across this approach's methods of generating and analyzing data. It is meant to set the stage for the more "how-to" volumes that will come later in the Routledge Series on Interpretive Methods, which will look at specific methods and the designs that they require. (...)
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  8.  29
    Research paradigms and the politics of nursing knowledge: A reflective discussion.Stuart Nairn - 2019 - Nursing Philosophy 20 (4):e12260.
    A standard view would suggest that research is a neutral apolitical activity. It neutralizes external pressures by its fidelity to robust scientific methods. However, politics is an inevitable part of human knowledge. Our knowledge of the world is always mediated by human priorities. What matters is therefore a contested and political debate rather a neutral accumulation of factual data. How researchers manage this varies. Research paradigms are one way in which research engages with knowledge. They frame knowledge within epistemological and (...)
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  9.  49
    Knowledge Without Contexts? A Foucauldian Analysis of E.L. Thorndike’s Positivist Educational Research.Antti Saari - 2016 - Studies in Philosophy and Education 35 (6):589-603.
    The article discusses the allegedly decontextualized and ahistorical traits in positivist educational research and curriculum by examining its emergence in early twentieth-century empirical education. Edward Lee Thorndike’s educational psychology is analyzed as a case in point. It will be shown that Thorndike’s positivist educational psychology stressed the need to account for the reality of schooling and to produce knowledge of the actual contexts of education. Furthermore, a historical analysis informed by Michel Foucault’s history of the human sciences reveals (...)
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  10.  20
    Disentangling paradigm and method can help bring qualitative research to post-positivist psychology and address the generalizability crisis.Moin Syed & Kate C. McLean - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45.
    For decades, psychological research has heavily favored quantitative over qualitative methods. One reason for this imbalance is the perception that quantitative methods follow from a post-positivist paradigm, which guides mainstream psychology, whereas qualitative methods follow from a constructivist paradigm. However, methods and paradigms are independent, and embracing qualitative methods within mainstream psychology is one way of addressing the generalizability crisis.
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  11.  39
    The Researcher's Role: An Ethical Dimension.May Britt Postholm & Janne Madsen - 2006 - Outlines. Critical Practice Studies 8 (1):49-60.
    Different paradigms or perspectives function as the point of departure and framework for research. In this article ethical issues in the positivist and constructivist paradigms are presented. The article points out that more or less the same ethical codes are used in these paradigms, but with some nuanced interpretations. CHAT (cultural historical activity theory) is presented as a third paradigm. While conducting research, one intention within this paradigm is to change and improve practice. This means that the researcher and (...)
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  12.  49
    Discovering Complexity: Decomposition and Localization as Strategies in Scientific Research.William Bechtel & Robert C. Richardson - 2010 - Princeton.
    An analysis of two heuristic strategies for the development of mechanistic models, illustrated with historical examples from the life sciences. In Discovering Complexity, William Bechtel and Robert Richardson examine two heuristics that guided the development of mechanistic models in the life sciences: decomposition and localization. Drawing on historical cases from disciplines including cell biology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics, they identify a number of "choice points" that life scientists confront in developing mechanistic explanations and show how different choices result in divergent (...)
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  13.  76
    (1 other version)Human research and complexity theory.James Horn - 2008 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 40 (1):130–143.
    The disavowal of positivist science by many educational researchers has resulted in a deepening polarization of research agendas and an epistemological divide that appears increasingly difficult to span. Despite a turning away from science altogether by some, and thus toward various forms of poststructuralist inquiry, this has not held back the renewed entrenchment of more narrow definitions by policy elites of what constitutes scientific educational research. The new sciences of complexity signal the emergence of a new scientific paradigm that (...)
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  14.  24
    Philosophical foundations of social research methods.Malcolm Williams (ed.) - 2006 - Thousands Oaks: Sage Publications.
    Philosophical considerations and positions underlie all of the natural and social sciences. In the latter case philosophical foundations and their emergent issues have a profound impact on methodology and empirical practice. Design decisions will usually depend on philosophical perspectives or assumptions, such as the very fundamental decision to employ a quantitative design or an interpretive design. The 'philosophy of social research' is thus a subset of the philosophy of social science, but also an important subject area that spans methodology and (...)
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  15.  11
    Interdisciplinary research in jurisprudence and constitutionalism.Stephan Kirste (ed.) - 2012 - Druck Nomos,: Franz Steiner Verlag ;.
    Under the influence of a narrowly understood scientific legal positivism, jurisprudence has neglected interdisciplinary research for a long time. However, today there are strong practical and scholarly reasons for an interdisciplinary analysis of law triggered, e.g., by bioethics, life sciences, economics and ecology. And yet the very subject matter of law shimmering between normativity and descriptivity seems to resist all attempts to be taken in by common enterprises across disciplines: How then is the necessary interdisciplinary research in jurisprudence possible without (...)
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  16.  22
    School Effectiveness Research: an Ideological Commitment?Robert Willmott - 1999 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 33 (2):253-268.
    As the international momentum of the school effectiveness movement continues, its exponents remain largely impervious to criticism. This paper argues that while they may not readily align themselves with the individualistic aspects of Conservative social philosophy, their methodology necessarily secretes an atomised social ontology. The charge of ideological commitment rests on the fact that the essentially positivist epistemology employed by school effectiveness researchers presupposes an ontology of closed systems and atomistic events. Thus any notion of the structuring of life-chances (...)
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  17.  75
    Wellbeing research and policy in the U.K.: questionable science likely to entrench inequality.Leigh Price - 2017 - Journal of Critical Realism 16 (5):451-467.
    There are grave issues with how the U.K. government approaches the issue of wellbeing. Specifically, policy interventions that might improve the material conditions of citizens are being down-played, and at times out-rightly dismissed. Instead, an individualist, instrumental message is being promoted, namely, that the best way to improve wellbeing is by improving individual happiness and mental health. I argue that this instrumental message – which in practice blames the victims for their lack of happiness and removes state responsibility – can (...)
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  18.  95
    Empirical Business Ethics Research and Paradigm Analysis.V. Brand - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 86 (4):429-449.
    Despite the so-called ‘paradigm wars’ in many social sciences disciplines in recent decades, debate as to the appropriate philosophical basis for research in business ethics has been comparatively non-existent. Any consideration of paradigm issues in the theoretical business ethics literature is rare and only very occasional references to relevant issues have been made in the empirical journal literature. This is very much the case in the growing fields of cross-cultural business ethics and undergraduate student attitudes, and examples from these fields (...)
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  19. Rethinking Critically Reflective Research Practice: Beyond Popper's Critical Rationalism.Werner Ulrich - 2006 - Journal of Research Practice 2 (2):Article P1.
    We all know that ships are safest in the harbor; but alas, that is not what ships are built for. They are destined to leave the harbor and to confront the challenges that are waiting beyond the harbor mole. A similar challenge confronts the practice of research. Research at work cannot play it safe and stay in whatever theoretical and methodological harbors in which it may have found shelter in the past. Still less can it examine and maintain its foundations (...)
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  20.  73
    Philosophical Problems with Social Research on Health Inequalities.Steven P. Wainwright & Angus Forbes - 2000 - Health Care Analysis 8 (3):259-277.
    This paper offers a realist critique of socialresearch on health inequalities. A conspectus of thefield of health inequalities research identifies twomain research approaches: the positivist quantitativesurvey and the interpretivist qualitative `casestudy'. We argue that both approaches suffer fromserious philosophical limitations. We suggest that aturn to realism offers a productive `third way' bothfor the development of health inequality research inparticular and for the social scientific understandingof the complexities of the social world in general.
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  21.  11
    Positivist and Interpretivist Ideas of Anol Bhattacherjee on The Methods of Data Collection: A Textual Critique.Vivian Christopher Kapilima - 2024 - Science and Philosophy 12 (1).
    In the literature, the distinction between positivism and interpretivism based on ontological assumptions is somehow clear. Problems in dividing them based on epistemological assumptions continue to exist and appear in several works; for instance, Bhattacherjee’s book (2012) introduced the concept of research design and categorization of methods of data collection based on positivist and interpretivist epistemological assumptions. While acknowledging Bhattacherjee's contribution, nonetheless, the paper argues that since both the quantitative and qualitative research approaches share a few epistemological assumptions, strictly (...)
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  22.  16
    Philosophies of qualitative research.Svend Brinkmann - 2018 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Preface -- Introduction: philosophy and qualitative research -- The historical background : philosophy from the Greeks to the 20th century -- British philosophies of qualitative research : positivism and realism -- German philosophies of qualitative research : phenomenology and hermeneutics -- American philosophies of qualitative research : the pragmatisms -- French philosophies of qualitative research : structuralism and poststructuralism -- Global influences on qualitative research : new philosophies -- Discussion -- References.
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  23.  35
    Philosophical Reflections on Research Methodology for Social Sciences.Hafiz Syed Husain - 2019 - Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9 (9:3):585-596.
    This paper aims at presenting the critique of both the quantitative and the qualitative research methodologies for social sciences in general and organizational sciences in particular. Quantitative and qualitative research models have been dominant over the second half of the twentieth century. Meanwhile, it has become a growing concern that a dichotomy between them should be overcome by combining them into a methodological pluralism. Positivism is the epistemological ground of quantitative methodology whereas phenomenology is the same with qualitative. It will (...)
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  24.  13
    Is Community-Based Participatory Research Postnormal Science?David Bidwell - 2009 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 34 (6):741-761.
    Conventional, positivist science is not well suited for addressing the contemporary risk landscape. To address high-uncertainty, high-stakes risks, Funtowicz and Ravetz have called for a postnormal science. Two key characteristics of postnormal science are the involvement of an extended peer community and the deliberation of extended facts. The health research community has responded to the shortcomings of normal science with approaches to field research, known collectively as community-based participatory research. A review of case literature shows that although CBPR is (...)
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  25.  23
    Building the Case for Paradigmatic Reflexivity in Strategic Management Research using Entrepreneurial Opportunity as an Exemplar.Rajesh Jain & Apoorv Khare - 2022 - Philosophy of Management 21 (4):545-568.
    This article casts in high relief the paradigmatic rigidity in strategy research by highlighting the underlying philosophical assumptions (ontological, epistemological, methodological), their advantages, and their limitations. The article discusses four philosophical paradigms that underpin strategy research. While positivism and constructivism are the dominant paradigms, critical realism and pragmatism as relevant philosophical perspectives are also discussed. Using entrepreneurial opportunity as an exemplar, the article explains how philosophical assumptions inform the researchers’ worldview and guide research within a paradigm. The article contends that (...)
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  26.  16
    Enchantment in Business Ethics Research.Emma Bell, Nik Winchester & Edward Wray-Bliss - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 174 (2):251-262.
    This article draws attention to the importance of enchantment in business ethics research. Starting from a Weberian understanding of disenchantment, as a force that arises through modernity and scientific rationality, we show how rationalist business ethics research has become disenchanted as a consequence of the normalization of positivist, quantitative methods of inquiry. Such methods absent the relational and lively nature of business ethics research and detract from the ethical meaning that can be generated through research encounters. To address this (...)
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  27. School effectiveness research: An ideological commitment?Robert Archer - 1999 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 33 (2):253–268.
    As the international momentum of the school effectiveness movement continues, its exponents remain largely impervious to criticism. This paper argues that while they may not readily align themselves with the individualistic aspects of Conservative social philosophy, their methodology necessarily secretes an atomised social ontology. The charge of ideological commitment rests on the fact that the essentially positivist epistemology employed by school effectiveness researchers presupposes an ontology of closed systems and atomistic events. Thus any notion of the structuring of life-chances (...)
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  28.  26
    Becoming Rhizomatic: Researching Flowing in/between Striated and Smooth Space.Charly Ryan, Gloria Jové Monclus & Ester A. Betrián Villas - 2019 - Deleuze and Guattari Studies 13 (3):355-376.
    Exploring long-term educational change, we investigate our re/construction of research methodology as we moved from a positivist framework to working with ideas drawn from Deleuze and Guattari. We reveal our becoming rhizomatic in data analysis in the metamodelling of the richness flowing horizontally through our practices. We tell of our struggles to escape hierarchical thinking and relations researching between the smooth and striated. A space of interactions, conversations and writings created relations between polyphonic voices, leading us to an (...)
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  29.  55
    Error and objectivity: Cognitive illusions and qualitative research.M. A. Paley - 2005 - Nursing Philosophy 6 (3):196–209.
    Psychological research has shown that cognitive illusions, of which visual illusions are just a special case, are systematic and pervasive, raising epistemological questions about how error in all forms of research can be identified and eliminated. The quantitative sciences make use of statistical techniques for this purpose, but it is not clear what the qualitative equivalent is, particularly in view of widespread scepticism about validity and objectivity. I argue that, in the light of cognitive psychology, the ‘error question’ cannot be (...)
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  30.  62
    Error and objectivity: cognitive illusions and qualitative research.John Paley - 2005 - Nursing Philosophy 6 (3):196-209.
    Psychological research has shown that cognitive illusions, of which visual illusions are just a special case, are systematic and pervasive, raising epistemological questions about how error in all forms of research can be identified and eliminated. The quantitative sciences make use of statistical techniques for this purpose, but it is not clear what the qualitative equivalent is, particularly in view of widespread scepticism about validity and objectivity. I argue that, in the light of cognitive psychology, the ‘error question’ cannot be (...)
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  31.  29
    Exploring the use of feminist philosophy within nursing research to enhance post-positivist methodologies in the study of cardiovascular health.R. N. MN - 2007 - Nursing Philosophy 8 (4):278–290.
  32.  3
    Building: a possibility for a post-critical perspective in educational research.Piotr Zamojski - 2024 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 58 (6):957-972.
    The aim of this article is to give an example of how an exercise in post-critical educational research might be conceptualized. The example refers to an enquiry into building a public sphere around education in Poland. First, a post-critical approach in educational research is defined with reference to the two dominant perspectives of social research, namely the (neo)positivistic and the critical paradigm. Next, and following insights of Hannah Arendt and Jacques Rancière, the idea of building is presented in terms of (...)
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  33.  66
    Education(al) Research, Educational Policy-Making and Practice.Charles Clark - 2011 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 45 (1):37-57.
    Professor Whitty has endorsed the consensus that research into education is empirical social science, distinguishing ‘educational research’ which seeks directly to influence practice, and ‘education research’ that has substantive value but no necessary practical application.The status of the science here is problematic. The positivist approach is incoherent and so supports neither option. Critical educational science is virtually policy-inert. The interpretive approach is empirically sound but, because of the value component in education, does not support education research either, or account (...)
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  34. Aufbau/Bauhaus: Logical Positivism and Architectural Modernism.Peter Galison - 1990 - Critical Inquiry 16 (4):709-752.
    On 15 October 1959, Rudolf Carnap, a leading member of the recently founded Vienna Circle, came to lecture at the Bauhaus in Dessau, southwest of Berlin. Carnap had just finished his magnum opus, The Logical Construction of the World, a book that immediately became the bible of the new antiphilosophy announced by the logical positivists. From a small group in Vienna, the movement soon expanded to include an international following, and in the sixty years since has exerted a powerful sway (...)
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  35.  42
    Critical Realist Action Research and Humanistic Management Education.Benito Teehankee - 2018 - Humanistic Management Journal 3 (1):71-90.
    In line with its institutional commitments and in order to strengthen the relevance of its business education program in addressing the persistent social challenges facing the Philippines, Mission University revised its Master of Business Administration curriculum in 2012. A core change in the curriculum was the incorporation of action research training and the requirement for graduation of implementing and defending an action research project. The introduction of action research, which is based on critical realist philosophy of science, was intended to (...)
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  36.  27
    A snapshot of strategy research 2002-2006.Andy Adcroft & Robert Willis - unknown
    Purpose: The aim of this paper is to assess both the philosophical underpinnings and contributions to knowledge made by research in the field of strategy in the five years between 2002 and 2006. Design/methodology/approach: The paper begins with a review of the literature on the philosophy, purpose, process and outcome of management research which leads to the development of a conceptual model. Following this, almost 4,000 articles from 23 journals are assessed on the basis of their philosophical underpinnings and contribution (...)
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  37.  25
    Positivism and interpretivism in the light of the dual nature of social reality.Svitlana Shcherbak - 2003 - Sententiae 8 (1):3-17.
    Researchers distinguish two approaches that are paradigmatic for the cluster of social theories: positivist and interpretivist. We have outlined the problematic core that contains the main differences between positivist and interpretivist sociology. In our opinion, the opposition between positivist and interpretive sociology is indicative of social theory, and we have shown the dual nature of social reality. We refuted the classification of social theories into nominalist and realist, showing that such a division does not reveal the dual (...)
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  38. Positioning positivism, critical realism and social constructionism in the health sciences: a philosophical orientation.Justin Cruickshank - 2012 - Nursing Inquiry 19 (1):71-82.
    CRUICKSHANK J. Nursing Inquiry 2012; 19: 71–82 Positioning positivism, critical realism and social constructionism in the health sciences: a philosophical orientationThis article starts by considering the differences within the positivist tradition and then it moves on to compare two of the most prominent schools of postpositivism, namely critical realism and social constructionism. Critical realists hold, with positivism, that knowledge should be positively applied, but reject the positivist method for doing this, arguing that causal explanations have to be based (...)
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  39.  16
    The “Diktat für Schlick”: Authorship Research and Computational Stylometry Revisited.Michael Oakes & Alois Pichler - 2023 - In Friedrich Stadler, Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle: 100 Years After the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Springer Verlag. pp. 247-268.
    Both the authorship and the dating of the so-called “Diktat für Schlick” (DFS), once attributed to Ludwig Wittgenstein and assigned by Georg Henrik von Wright to the Wittgenstein Nachlass as item 302, are debated topics in Wittgenstein and Vienna Circle research. Schulte (Waismann as Spokesman for Wittgenstein. In: McGuinness B (ed). Friedrich Waismann - causality and logical positivism. Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook 15. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 225–242, 2011) and Manninen (Waismann’s testimony of Wittgenstein’s fresh starts 1931–35. In: McGuinness B (ed). (...)
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  40.  10
    Tadeusz Zelinsky and Richard Gansinets as researchers of ancient religions.Henrik Hoffman - 2001 - Ukrainian Religious Studies 21:22-30.
    Polish scholarly religious studies have their beginnings, as in many European countries, in the second half of the nineteenth century. They then developed in the spirit of positivism and evolutionism. Their genesis, as well as Western ones, was associated with a departure from the inherent romanticism of mythological comparative research methods, called Comparative Mythology, and a return to the study of religion in all its manifestations and aspects.
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  41.  23
    Employing critical realism within and beyond social studies of health: tenets, applications, possible future research and action.Lee F. Monaghan - 2024 - Journal of Critical Realism 23 (3):274-291.
    Critical realism provides an alternative to positivism and interpretivism. It foregrounds ontology and an evaluative approach to knowledge, while promoting eclectic reasoning, transdisciplinarity, and ethical research across the quantitative/qualitative, macro/micro and other divides. Health researchers have usefully employed critical realism, though it has also been dismissed as strange, a source of self-deception and hubris. Furthermore, it has been accused of dehumanizing many people. Responding to these charges, this article makes the case for carefully employing critical realism within and beyond social (...)
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  42.  22
    A research for the consequences of the Vienna Circle philosophy for ethics.Willem Frederik Zuurdeeg - 1946 - Utrecht,: Kemink.
  43.  84
    (2 other versions)Reflexive methodology: new vistas for qualitative research.Mats Alvesson - 2000 - Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. Edited by Kaj Sköldberg.
    Reflexive Methodology established itself as a groundbreaking success, providing researchers with an invaluable guide to a central problem in research methodology – how to put field research and interpretations in perspective, paying attention to the interpretive, political, and rhetorical nature of empirical research. Now thoroughly updated, the Second Edition includes a new chapter on positivism, social constructionism, and critical realism, and offers new conclusions on the applications of methodology. It provides further illustrations and updates that build on the acclaimed and (...)
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  44.  48
    A critical realist method for applied business research.John McAvoy & Tom Butler - 2018 - Journal of Critical Realism 17 (2):160-175.
    ABSTRACTWhile the business research community has moved from describing critical realism as simply a compromise philosophy between positivists and interpretivists to its acceptance in its own right, it still lacks a choice of methods or processes for the business researcher to utilize. This paper presents a proposed method that can be used by business researchers who follow the critical realist paradigm. It explores the suitability of a critical realist approach to applied business and the importance of combining the ontological and (...)
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  45.  33
    Ethical and value issues in international agricultural research.Kenneth A. Dahlberg - 1988 - Agriculture and Human Values 5 (1-2):101-111.
    Agricultural research raises fundamental ethical and value questions going beyond those in other fields both because of its public funding and because its results have significant impacts on habitats and other species. Questions about the sustainability of modern agriculture, which are shared with other sectors, require us to examine alternative visions and structures. These can be seen to range from status quo preserving ideologies to change-oriented utopias. It is argued that at the national level current ideologies—which include positivistic approaches and (...)
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  46. Models of Scientific Research.Leszek Nowak - 2012 - Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities 100 (1):67-74.
    According to the commonsensical model of educating researchers, young researchers must first acquire the knowledge achieved thus far and then solve new problems by developing applications of the accepted theory. This model, which presupposes a positivist theory of science, is incapable of explaining why the major breakthroughs in science have been carried out by young researchers. On the idealizational view of science, it becomes clear that commonsensical model must be rejected and replaced with an alternative, according to which the (...)
     
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  47. Postpositivism and Educational Research.D. C. Phillips & Nicholas C. Burbules - 2001 - British Journal of Educational Studies 49 (1):109-111.
     
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  48. Rethinking Right: Moral Epistemology in Management Research.Tae Wan Kim & Thomas Donaldson - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics 148 (1):5-20.
    Most management researchers pause at the threshold of objective right and wrong. Their hesitation is understandable. Values imply a “subjective,” personal dimension, one that can invite religious and moral interference in research. The dominant epistemological camps of positivism and subjectivism in management stumble over the notion of moral objectivity. Empirical research can study values in human behavior, but hard-headed scientists should not assume that one value can be objectively better than another. In this article, we invite management researchers to rethink (...)
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    Judgements without rules: towards a postmodern ironist concept of research validity.Gary Rolfe - 2006 - Nursing Inquiry 13 (1):7-15.
    The past decade has seen the gradual emergence of what might be called a postmodern perspective on nursing research. However, the development of a coherent postmodern critique of the modernist position has been hampered by some misunderstandings and misrepresentations of postmodern epistemology by a number of writers, leading to a fractured and distorted view of postmodern nursing research. This paper seeks to distinguish between judgemental relativist and epistemic relativist or ironist positions, and regards the latter as offering the most coherent (...)
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    Modeling in historical research practice and methodology: Contributions from Poland.Zenonas Norkus - 2012 - History and Theory 51 (2):292-304.
    This selection of texts should interest those who study analytical philosophy of history, methodology of history, and historical sociology. It contains contributions by Polish historians and philosophers since 1931, with pride of place given to the work of the Poznań school in the philosophy of science and humanities. With Jerzy Kmita, Leszek Nowak, and Jerzy Topolski as its leaders, it emerged in late 1960s as a synthesis of Marxism and the Polish brand of logical positivism known as the Lwow-Warsaw school. (...)
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