Results for 'Alan Prout'

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  1.  11
    A new paradigm for the sociology of childhood? Provenance, promise and problems.Alan Prout & Alison James - 2023 - Sociology of Power 35 (4):166-197.
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  2.  1
    A Child in a World of Agents and Structures: On the Antinomies of Childhood Studies.А. С Серебряков - 2023 - Sociology of Power 34 (3-4):29-49.
    The article analyzes conceptual positions and disagreements among theorists of interdisciplinary childhood studies - a field of knowledge that emerged on the basis of the new sociology of childhood. This movement positioned itself as a paradigm shift in the understanding of childhood, revealing it as a conceptually autonomous area where the active role of children in constructing their own experiences and social relationships should be recognized. The widespread acceptance of the language for talking about childhood proposed by the new paradigm (...)
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  3.  33
    Identifying Predictors of Psychological Distress During COVID-19: A Machine Learning Approach.Tracy A. Prout, Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn, Vera Békés, Isabelle Christman-Cohen, Kathryn Whistler, Thomas Kui & Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  4.  18
    The Philosophy of Music: A Comparative Investigation into the Principles of Musical Aesthetics.F. R. Prout - 1912 - Philosophical Review 21 (4):482-483.
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  5.  9
    Manual of Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children (Rfp-C) with Externalizing Behaviors: A Psychodynamic Approach.Leon Hoffman, Tim Rice & Tracy A. Prout - 2015 - Routledge.
    _Manual of Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children with Externalizing Behaviors: A Psychodynamic Approach_ offers a new, short term psychotherapeutic approach to working dynamically with children who suffer from irritability, oppositional defiance and disruptiveness. _RFP-C_ enables clinicians to help by addressing and detailing how the child’s externalizing behaviors have meaning which they can convey to the child. Using clinical examples throughout, Hoffman, Rice and Prout demonstrate that in many dysregulated children, _RFP-C_ can: Achieve symptomatic improvement and developmental maturation as a result (...)
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  6.  26
    Working Memory, Thought, and Action.Alan Baddeley - 2007 - Oxford University Press.
    'Working Memory, Thought, and Action' is the magnum opus of one of the most influential cognitive psychologists of the past 50 years. This new volume on the model he created discusses the developments that have occurred within the model in the past twenty years, and places it within a broader context.
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  7. Most Counterfactuals Are False.Alan Hajek - 2014
  8. The reference class problem is your problem too.Alan Hájek - 2007 - Synthese 156 (3):563--585.
    The reference class problem arises when we want to assign a probability to a proposition (or sentence, or event) X, which may be classified in various ways, yet its probability can change depending on how it is classified. The problem is usually regarded as one specifically for the frequentist interpretation of probability and is often considered fatal to it. I argue that versions of the classical, logical, propensity and subjectivist interpretations also fall prey to their own variants of the reference (...)
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  9. Pascalian Expectations and Explorations.Alan Hajek & Elizabeth Jackson - forthcoming - In Roger Ariew & Yuval Avnur, The Blackwell Companion to Pascal. Wiley-Blackwell.
    Pascal’s Wager involves expected utilities. In this chapter, we examine the Wager in light of two main features of expected utility theory: utilities and probabilities. We discuss infinite and finite utilities, and zero, infinitesimal, extremely low, imprecise, and undefined probabilities. These have all come up in recent literature regarding Pascal’s Wager. We consider the problems each creates and suggest prospects for the Wager in light of these problems.
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  10. Algorithms and Autonomy: The Ethics of Automated Decision Systems.Alan Rubel, Clinton Castro & Adam Pham - 2021 - Cambridge University Press.
    Algorithms influence every facet of modern life: criminal justice, education, housing, entertainment, elections, social media, news feeds, work… the list goes on. Delegating important decisions to machines, however, gives rise to deep moral concerns about responsibility, transparency, freedom, fairness, and democracy. Algorithms and Autonomy connects these concerns to the core human value of autonomy in the contexts of algorithmic teacher evaluation, risk assessment in criminal sentencing, predictive policing, background checks, news feeds, ride-sharing platforms, social media, and election interference. Using these (...)
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  11.  57
    Republic of Equals: Predistribution and Property-Owning Democracy.Alan Thomas - 2016 - New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    The first book length study of property-owning democracy, Republic of Equals argues that a society in which capital is universally accessible to all citizens is uniquely placed to meet the demands of justice. Arguing from a basis in liberal-republican principles, this expanded conception of the economic structure of society contextualizes the market to make its transactions fair. The author shows that a property-owning democracy structures economic incentives such that the domination of one agent by another in the market is structurally (...)
  12. Vision as Bayesian inference: analysis by synthesis?Alan Yuille & Daniel Kersten - 2006 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10 (7):301-308.
  13. Logical versus historical theories of confirmation.Alan Musgrave - 1974 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 25 (1):1-23.
  14.  58
    Boundaries of Authority.Alan John Simmons - 2016 - New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    Modern states claim rights of jurisdiction and control over particular geographical areas and their associated natural resources. Boundaries of Authority explores the possible moral bases for such territorial claims by states, in the process arguing that many of these territorial claims in fact lack any moral justification. The book maintains throughout that the requirement of states' justified authority over persons has normative priority over, and as a result severely restricts, the kinds of territorial rights that states can justifiably claim, and (...)
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  15.  28
    The Formal Analysis of Normative Systems.Alan Ross Anderson - 1956 - New Haven, CT, USA: Yale University, International Laboratory, Sociology Dept.
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  16. Bayesian Epistemology.Alan Hájek & Stephan Hartmann - 1992 - In Jonathan Dancy & Ernest Sosa, A Companion to Epistemology. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    Bayesianism is our leading theory of uncertainty. Epistemology is defined as the theory of knowledge. So “Bayesian Epistemology” may sound like an oxymoron. Bayesianism, after all, studies the properties and dynamics of degrees of belief, understood to be probabilities. Traditional epistemology, on the other hand, places the singularly non-probabilistic notion of knowledge at centre stage, and to the extent that it traffics in belief, that notion does not come in degrees. So how can there be a Bayesian epistemology?
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  17. (2 other versions)The Theory of Morality.Alan Donagan - 1979 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 41 (2):348-348.
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  18. Indexing and the object concept: developing `what' and `where' systems.Alan M. Leslie, Fei Xu, Patrice D. Tremoulet & Brian J. Scholl - 1998 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2 (1):10-18.
  19.  37
    The phonological loop as a language learning device.Alan Baddeley, Susan Gathercole & Costanza Papagno - 1998 - Psychological Review 105 (1):158-173.
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  20. Algorithms, Agency, and Respect for Persons.Alan Rubel, Clinton Castro & Adam Pham - 2020 - Social Theory and Practice 46 (3):547-572.
    Algorithmic systems and predictive analytics play an increasingly important role in various aspects of modern life. Scholarship on the moral ramifications of such systems is in its early stages, and much of it focuses on bias and harm. This paper argues that in understanding the moral salience of algorithmic systems it is essential to understand the relation between algorithms, autonomy, and agency. We draw on several recent cases in criminal sentencing and K–12 teacher evaluation to outline four key ways in (...)
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  21. A problem for actualism about possible worlds.Alan McMichael - 1983 - Philosophical Review 92 (1):49-66.
    Actualists who believe in possible worlds typically regard them as "abstract" objects of some special sort. For example, Alvin Plantinga takes worlds to be maximal possible states-of-affairs, all of which "exist", as actualism requires, but only one of which "obtains". Views like Plantinga's run into difficulty in the interpretation of statements of "iterated" modality, statements about what is "possible" for individuals that "could" exist but that do not actually exist. These statements seem to require the existence of "singular" states-Of-affairs that (...)
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  22. Neo-Fregeanism: An Embarrassment of Riches.Alan Weir - 2003 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 44 (1):13-48.
    Neo-Fregeans argue that substantial mathematics can be derived from a priori abstraction principles, Hume's Principle connecting numerical identities with one:one correspondences being a prominent example. The embarrassment of riches objection is that there is a plurality of consistent but pairwise inconsistent abstraction principles, thus not all consistent abstractions can be true. This paper considers and criticizes various further criteria on acceptable abstractions proposed by Wright settling on another one—stability—as the best bet for neo-Fregeans. However, an analogue of the embarrassment of (...)
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  23. The hypothesis of the conditional construal of conditional probability.Alan Hájek & N. Hall - 1994 - In Ellery Eells & Brian Skyrms, Probability and Conditionals: Belief Revision and Rational Decision. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 75.
  24. Functional homology and homology of function: Biological concepts and philosophical consequences.Alan C. Love - 2007 - Biology and Philosophy 22 (5):691-708.
    “Functional homology” appears regularly in different areas of biological research and yet it is apparently a contradiction in terms—homology concerns identity of structure regardless of form and function. I argue that despite this conceptual tension there is a legitimate conception of ‘homology of function’, which can be recovered by utilizing a distinction from pre-Darwinian physiology (use versus activity) to identify an appropriate meaning of ‘function’. This account is directly applicable to molecular developmental biology and shares a connection to the theme (...)
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  25. Neuroeconomics: cross-currents in research on decision-making.Alan G. Sanfey, George Loewenstein, Samuel M. McClure & Jonathan D. Cohen - 2006 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10 (3):108-116.
  26. Agnosticism meets bayesianism.Alan Hájek - 1998 - Analysis 58 (3):199–206.
  27. Democratic Obligations and Technological Threats to Legitimacy: PredPol, Cambridge Analytica, and Internet Research Agency.Alan Rubel, Clinton Castro & Adam Pham - 2021 - In Alan Rubel, Clinton Castro & Adam Pham, Algorithms and Autonomy: The Ethics of Automated Decision Systems. Cambridge University Press. pp. 163-183.
    ABSTRACT: So far in this book, we have examined algorithmic decision systems from three autonomy-based perspectives: in terms of what we owe autonomous agents (chapters 3 and 4), in terms of the conditions required for people to act autonomously (chapters 5 and 6), and in terms of the responsibilities of agents (chapter 7). -/- In this chapter we turn to the ways in which autonomy underwrites democratic governance. Political authority, which is to say the ability of a government to exercise (...)
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  28. Mary Wollstonecraft, Freedom and the Enduring Power of Social Domination.Alan M. S. J. Coffee - 2013 - European Journal of Political Theory 12 (2):116-135.
    Even long after their formal exclusion has come to an end, members of previously oppressed social groups often continue to face disproportionate restrictions on their freedom, as the experience of many women over the last century has shown. Working within in a framework in which freedom is understood as independence from arbitrary power, Mary Wollstonecraft provides an explanation of why such domination may persist and offers a model through which it can be addressed. Republicans rely on processes of rational public (...)
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  29. John Dewey and the High Tide of American Liberalism.Alan Ryan - 1998 - British Journal of Educational Studies 46 (1):103-104.
     
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  30. Contra counterfactism.Alan Hájek - 2020 - Synthese 199 (1-2):181-210.
    ‘If I were to toss a coin 1000 times, then it would land heads exactly n times’. Is there a specific value of n that renders this counterfactual true? According to an increasingly influential view, there is. A precursor of the view goes back to the Molinists; more recently it has been inspired by Stalnaker, and versions of it have been advocated by Hawthorne, Bradley, Moss, Schulz, and Stefánsson. More generally, I attribute to these authors what I call Counterfactual Plenitude:For (...)
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  31. Probabilities of conditionals — revisited.Alan Hájek - 1989 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 18 (4):423 - 428.
  32. Conventionalism and the contingency of conventions.Alan Sidelle - 2009 - Noûs 43 (2):224-241.
    One common objection to Conventionalism about modality is that since it is contingent what our conventions are, the modal facts themselves will thereby be contingent. A standard reply is that Conventionalists can accept this, if they reject the S4 axiom, that what is possibly possible is possible. I first argue that this reply is inadequate, but then continue to argue that it is not needed, because the Conventionalist need not concede that the contingency of our conventions has any bearing on (...)
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  33. Noa's ark--fine for realism.Alan Musgrave - 1989 - Philosophical Quarterly 39 (157):383-398.
  34.  24
    From Mathematics to Philosophy.Alan Treherne - 1975 - Philosophical Quarterly 25 (99):176-178.
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  35. Pascal's Wager.Alan Hájek - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    “Pascal's Wager” is the name given to an argument due to Blaise Pascal for believing, or for at least taking steps to believe, in God. The name is somewhat misleading, for in a single paragraph of his Pensées, Pascal apparently presents at least three such arguments, each of which might be called a ‘wager’ — it is only the final of these that is traditionally referred to as “Pascal's Wager”. We find in it the extraordinary confluence of several important strands (...)
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  36.  46
    The Social Value Requirement Reconsidered.Alan Wertheimer - 2014 - Bioethics 29 (5):301-308.
    It is widely assumed that it is ethical to conduct research with human subjects only if the research has social value. There are two standard arguments for this view. The allocation argument claims that public funds should not be devoted to research that lacks social value. The exploitation avoidance argument claims that subjects are exploited if research has no social value. The primary purpose of this article is to argue that these arguments do not succeed. The allocation argument has little (...)
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  37. Punishment, responsibility, and justice: a relational critique.Alan William Norrie - 2000 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    This book addresses the retributive and "orthodox subjectivist" theories that dominate criminal justice theory alongside recent "revisionist" and "postmodern" approaches. Norrie argues that all these approaches, together with their faults and contradictions, stem from their orientation to themes in Kantian moral philosophy. He explores an alternative relational or dialectical approach; examines the work of Ashworth, Duff, Fletcher, Moore, Smith, and Williams; and considers key doctrinal issues.
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  38. Counterfactual scepticism and antecedent-contextualism.Alan Hajek - 2020 - Synthese 199 (1-2):637-659.
    I have argued for a kind of ‘counterfactual scepticism’: most counterfactuals ever uttered or thought in human history are false. I briefly rehearse my main arguments. Yet common sense recoils. Ordinary speakers judge most counterfactuals that they utter and think to be true. A common defence of such judgments regards counterfactuals as context-dependent: the proposition expressed by a given counterfactual can vary according to the context in which it is uttered. In normal contexts, the counterfactuals that we utter are typically (...)
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  39.  63
    Exploring the Geography of Corporate Philanthropic Disaster Response: A Study of Fortune Global 500 Firms.Alan Muller & Gail Whiteman - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 84 (4):589-603.
    In recent years, major disasters have figured prominently in the media. While corporate response to disasters may have raised corporate philanthropy to a new level, it remains an understudied phenomenon. This article draws on comparative research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate philanthropy to explore the geography of corporate philanthropic disaster response. The study analyzes donation announcements made by Fortune Global 500 firms from North America, Europe and Asia to look for regional patterns across three recent disasters: the South (...)
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  40. Is there a problem of induction for mathematics?Alan Baker - 2007 - In Mary Leng, Alexander Paseau & Michael D. Potter, Mathematical Knowledge. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 57-71.
  41.  39
    God, Eternity and the Nature of Time.Alan G. Padgett - 1992 - St. Martin’s Press.
    It is the laws of nature, among other things, that allow for the periodic processesthat underlie isochronic clocks. Is God in any Measured Time? If not, does our Measured Time measure the eternity of God? I will argue that God is not in any ...
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  42. Evolvability, dispositions, and intrinsicality.Alan C. Love - 2003 - Philosophy of Science 70 (5):1015-1027.
    In this paper I examine a dispositional property that has been receiving increased attention in biology, evolvability. First, I identify three compatible but distinct investigative approaches, distinguish two interpretations of evolvability, and treat the difference between dispositions of individuals versus populations. Second, I explore the relevance of philosophical distinctions about dispositions for evolvability, isolating the assumption that dispositions are intrinsically located. I conclude that some instances of evolvability cannot be understood as purely intrinsic to populations and suggest alternative strategies for (...)
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  43. Support for investor activism among U.k. Ethical investors.Alan Lewis & Craig Mackenzie - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 24 (3):215 - 222.
    An important goal of ethical investment is to influence companies to improve their ethical and environmental performance. The principal means that many ethical funds employ is passive market signalling, which may not, on its own, have a significant effect. A much more promising approach may be active engagement. This paper reports on a questionnaire study of a sample of 1146 ethical investors in order to assess whether U.K. ethical investors would support more activist ethical investment and whether they would be (...)
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  44.  65
    Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C): Advances in the Treatment of ADHD and ODD in Childhood and Adolescence.Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Timothy Rice & Leon Hoffman - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  45.  23
    Personal Knowledge.Alan R. White - 1960 - Philosophical Quarterly 10 (41):377-378.
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  46.  57
    People learn other people’s preferences through inverse decision-making.Alan Jern, Christopher G. Lucas & Charles Kemp - 2017 - Cognition 168 (C):46-64.
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  47. On deserving to deserve.Alan Zaitchik - 1977 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 6 (4):370-388.
  48.  13
    Complex Economics: Individual and Collective Rationality.Alan Kirman - 2011 - Routledge.
    The economic crisis is also a crisis for economic theory. Most analyses of the evolution of the crisis invoke three themes, contagion, networks and trust, yet none of these play a major role in standard macroeconomic models. What is needed is a theory in which these aspects are central. The direct interaction between individuals, firms and banks does not simply produce imperfections in the functioning of the economy but is the very basis of the functioning of a modern economy. This (...)
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  49. Newton's "Experimental Philosophy".Alan Shapiro - 2002 - Early Science and Medicine 9 (3):185-217.
    My talk today will be about Newton’s avowed methodology, and specifically the place of experiment in his conception of science, and how his ideas changed significantly over the course of his career. I also want to look at his actual scientific practice and see how this influenced his views on the nature of the experimental sciences.
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  50. Logicism revisited.Alan Musgrave - 1977 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 28 (2):99-127.
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