Dentro del indudable atractivo que provoca hoy día el estudio del siglo XVI, queremos ofrecer la visión de un trabajo local, realizado bajo la óptica de una familia de maestros de obra moriscos: la familia Orejón. Pretendemos dar a conocer la protección de la nobleza a sus criados moriscos que encuentran gran número de obstáculos para realizar su trabajo diario por parte de los cristianos. En el presente trabajo, dejando al margen las cuestiones artísticas, damos una aproximación sobre la formación (...) de una red de parentesco y su actuación en la ciudad determinada: Guadalajara, sede principal de asentamiento de la familia Mendoza. (shrink)

Psychological characteristics of athletes play a key role in sport performance and may moderate and mediate the influence of technical, tactical, and physical abilities athletes show. Different authors have emphasized the special attention such psychological characteristics should receive considering the extent they can influence athletes’ behavior either in training or in competition. This paper is aimed at describing the psychological profiles of two cycling sports: triathlon and road cycling. One hundred and twenty-nine male and female professional and amateur cycling athletes (...) (35.74 years old average age ±12.79; 14.94 average number of years practicing cycling ±11.20) were assessed on different psychological characteristics. For that purpose, the Psychological Characteristics related to the Sport Performance (CPRD) Questionnaire and the Psychological Skills Inventory for Sports (PSIS) was used. Results showed significant differences among triathlon and road cyclists (Stress control = t 116 =-3.711, p = 0.000, d = 0.48 ; Influence of Performance Evaluation = t 115 =-3-115, p = 0.002, d = 0.49; Motivation = t 124 =-5.520, p = 0.000, d = 0.82; Mental Skills = t 119 =-4.985, p = 0.000, d = 1.02). There were no significant differences between men and women though there were differences among pros and amateur athletes. Triathlon professional, compared to amateurs, showed higher scores in all the psychological dimensions assessed (Stress control = t 85 = 3.005, p = 0.003, d = 1.07; Influence of Performance Evaluation = t 83 = 2.858, p = 0.005, 0.77; Motivation = t 91 = 2.721, p = 0.008, d = 0.26; Mental Skills = t 87 = 2.556, p = 0.012, d = 0.77). The results of this descriptive study contribute to establishing a model of optimal psychological profiling applied to the different cycling groups that can be used by sport psychologist, trainers, and coaches in order to promote peak performance of these athletes. (shrink)

En este trabajo se defiende la necesidad de tomar a Sócrates en serio tal y como, según Platón, él mismo pidió a sus jueces. En concreto, se defiende la necesidad de tomar en serio su actitud tras ser declarado culpable de impiedad y corrupción de los jóvenes. Una actitud considerada como una broma por algunos estudiosos pero que, en nuestra opinión, supuso un cuestionamiento del modelo de ciudadanía antigua, basado en un “nosotros” previo: la πόλις, de un modo tal que (...) permitió no sólo su evolución hacia la ciudadanía moderna, basada en “yos”, en “individuos” que construyen “nosotros posteriores”: estados, sino incluso más allá, hacia lo que proponemos llamar ciudadanía glocal: global y local al mismo tiempo, en la que los yos individuales reconocen un nosotros previo: nuestro medio ambiente. (shrink)

En este trabajo defendemos la posibilidad de una síntesis, -en el sentido hegeliano del término-, entre dos concepciones políticas presuntamente contradictorias: el comunitarismo y el liberalismo. Esa síntesis se traduciría en la llamada ciudadanía glocal en la que se “superarían” las concepciones de cuerpo político y de ciudadanía que defienden esas dos concepciones en una nueva que incluye a la humanidad y a su medio ambiente.

Antigone is one of the greatest characters in Greek Tragedy and has deserved the biggest attention throughout posterity. Other characters in the homonymous tragedy by Sophocles have not deserved, however, the same attention. This is especially surprising in the case of Ismene, –the sister of Antigone–, who faces the same problem as her and, consequently, has the opportunity of becoming protagonist along with Antigone, changing so the very title of the play and even its tragic character. Taking all this into (...) account, in this paper we will not analyze all the concepts of justice included in Sophocles’ tragedy, but only those represented by Antigone and Ismene and that from our own praxis horizon. (shrink)

Histamine is a multifunctional biogenic amine with relevant roles in intercellular communication, inflammatory processes and highly prevalent pathologies. Histamine biosynthesis depends on a single decarboxylation step, carried out by a PLP-dependent histidine decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1.1.22), an enzyme that still remains to be fully characterized. Nevertheless, during the last few years, important advances have been made in this field, including the generation and validation of the first three-dimensional model of the enzyme, which allows us to revisit previous results and conclusions. (...) This essay provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of mammalian histidine decarboxylase. BioEssays 27:57–63, 2005. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

Afirmar que la filosofía política de Aristóteles ha sido tergiversada en puntos cruciales es sólo posible si se conoce lo que Aristóteles, -cualquier autor-, “dice” verdaderamente. Al respecto, nos remitimos expresamente a la hermenéutica de Gadamer y a su pretensión de que cabe escuchar lo que la tradición nos dice, desde nuestro horizonte de praxis y siendo conscientes de los prejuicios no percibidos que nos vuelven sordos a la tradición. Como trataremos de demostrar, la implementación de un prejuicio individualista no (...) percibido sería la causa de que se “oiga” decir a Aristóteles “individuo”, introduciendo, así, en su filosofía el individualismo, el liberalismo y el constitucionalismo consiguientes. Por el contrario, escuchar lo que verdaderamente dice: “uno de nosotros”, explicaría perfectamente algunas “peculiaridades” de la Atenas clásica como la antitímesis, la ausencia de fiscalía o el ostracismo, tergiversadas también por un prejuicio no percibido individualista. (shrink)

The indianist sumak kawsay had a special political and intellectual relevance in Ecuador in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Since then, the influence of its approaches —and those of the different branches of good living— has grown and formed synergies with other heterodox trends such as degrowth, feminist economics and deep ecology, among others. The global pandemic of covid-19 has highlighted the incompatibility of the capitalist system and the paradigms that sustain it with the life of the planet (...) and of people. This article reflects on the proposals that are emerging around the construction of a global sumak kawsay as an alternative to development and capitalism, showing the potentialities and weaknesses of this philosophy, worldview and way of life from a postmodern perspective. (shrink)

In this article we try to establish the historical status of the fall of the Berlin Wall. An event considered in its moment as the collapse of communism and with it, the “end of History”. Towards that goal, we analyze the meaning of the construction of that Wall, as well as its fall, within the general process of deconstruction of walls and borders by which human kind defines itself. This article concludes with the affirmation that the fall of the Berlin (...) Wall was a historical and transcendental event that, with other factors, gave the way to a “glocalized” world, but it did not mean the “end of History”. (shrink)

Our commentary articulates some of the commonalities between Baumeister et al.'s theory of socially differentiated roles and Strategic Differentiation-Integration Effort. We expand upon the target article's position by arguing that differentiating social roles is contextual and driven by varying ecological pressures, producing character displacement not only among individuals within complex societies, but also across social systems and multiple levels of organization.

En este artículo se aborda la cuestión de si la democracia es o no compatible con la perspectiva que, según opinión generalizada, constituye la base de la cultura china: el confucianismo. Una perspectiva que es analizada tanto desde su marco contextual como en sí misma, cotejándola con el concepto de democracia. El resultado de todo ello lleva a la conclusión de que la democracia es ajena al confucianismo y por ello a la cultura china. Sin embargo, la democracia no es (...) necesariamente incompatible con tal perspectiva hasta el punto de que cabría imaginar una síntesis entre ambas. (shrink)

Returning to sport after the sports injury is a difficult decision because it’s multicausal and the fact that a rash decision can result in numerous negative consequences. Given the importance of psychological variables for the correct rehabilitation of the injured athlete and his or her optimal return to sports practice, there seems to be little information on this subject. In this sense, the objective is to determine the relationship between the subjective psychological disposition of the athlete in the process of (...) Return to Play with the type of mood profile and his mental health. This is based on the fact that each athlete evaluates his or her recovery differently and has different levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. For this purpose, four athletes participated in the study. Two males and two females from the sports of indoor soccer and soccer, who had just returned to sports after a moderate or severe injury. The average age was 24.25 years. Various measurements were taken after practices and after matches, to assess mood, psychological readiness, anxiety, stress, and depression. The results confirm Morgan’s iceberg profile and the influence that subjective psychological perceptions and assessed emotional states have on athletes’ incorporation into their sports practice with a guarantee of success. (shrink)

This study attempts to analyse the relationship between two key psychological variables associated with performance in sports - Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety - through Bayesian Networks analysis. We analysed 674 university students/athletes from 44 universities that competed at the University Games in México, with an average age of 21 years (SD = 2.07) and with a mean of 8.61 years’ (SD = 5.15) experience in sports. Methods: Regarding the data analysis, first a CHAID algorithm was carried out to determine (...) the dependence links between variables, and then a Bayesian networks was developed. The validation of the BN revealed AUC values ranging from 0.5 to 0.92. Subsequently, various instantiations were performed with hypothetical values applied to the “bottom” variables. Results showed two probability trees that have extrinsic motivation and amotivation at the top, while the anxiety/activation due to worries about performance was at the bottom of the probabilities. The instantiations carried out support the existence of these probabilistic relationships, demonstrating their scarce influence on anxiety about competition generated by the intrinsic motivation, and the complex probabilistic effect of introjected and identified regulation regarding the appearance of anxiety due to worry about performance. (shrink)

The theme arises from the legal-academic movement "Law and Literature". This newly developed field should aim at two major goals, first, to investigate the meaning of law in a social context by questioning how the characters appearing in literary works understand and behave themselves to the law, and second, to find out a theoretical solution of the methodological question whether and to what extent the legal text can be interpreted objectively in comparison with the question how literary works should be (...) interpreted. The subject of justice and injustice has been covered not only in treatises of law and philosophy, but also in many works of literature: On the one hand, poets and writers have been outraged at the social conditions of their time. On the other hand, some of them have also contributed fundamental reflections on the idea of justice itself. (shrink)

Este repertorio registra los artículos sobre Platón que se encuentran en la Hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Central de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. El listado abarca las publicaciones existentes hasta el primer semestre del año 2000.

In this article, we illustrate experimentally an important consequence of the stochastic component in choice behaviour which has not been acknowledged so far. Namely, its potential to produce ‘regression to the mean’ (RTM) effects. We employ a novel approach to individual choice under risk, based on repeated multiple-lottery choices (i.e. choices among many lotteries), to show how the high degree of stochastic variability present in individual decisions can distort crucially certain results through RTM effects. We demonstrate the point in the (...) context of a social comparison experiment. (shrink)

El siguiente trabajo aborda la relación del filósofo francés Alain Badiou con la cuestión de lo común. Partiendo del modo en que algunos filósofos del siglo XX han tratado esta cuestión, proponemos una lectura de la obra de Alain Badiou como proyecto que pretende recuperar la filosofía como práctica universal e igualitaria para el aprendizaje del pensamiento del ser en común tomando como paradigma el lenguaje formal de las matemáticas y el lenguaje poético.

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) are an essential element of transport in industry 4.0. Although they may seem simple systems in terms of their kinematics, their dynamics is very complex, and it requires robust and efficient controllers for their routes in the workspaces. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of an intelligent controller of a hybrid AGV based on fuzzy logic. In addition, genetic algorithms have been used to optimize the speed control strategy, aiming at improving efficiency and (...) saving energy. The control architecture includes a fuzzy controller for trajectory tracking that has been enhanced with genetic algorithms. The cost function first maximizes the time in the circuit and then minimizes the guiding error. It has been validated on the mathematical model of a commercial hybrid AGV that merges tricycle and differential robot components. This model not only considers the kinematics and dynamics equations of the vehicle but also the impact of friction. The performance of the intelligent control strategy is compared with an optimized PID controller. Four paths were simulated to test the approach validity. (shrink)

The years between 1970 and 1980 represented a formative period in the development of Chicana feminist thought in the United States. During this period, Chicana feminists addressed the specific issues affecting Chicanas as women of color in the United States. As a result of their collective efforts in struggling against racial, class, and gender oppression, Chicana feminists developed an ideological discourse that addressed three major issues. These were the relationship between Chicana feminism and the ideology of cultural nationalism, feminist baiting (...) within the Chicano movement, and the relationship between the Chicana feminist movement and the white feminist movement. This article describes the development of Chicana feminism and compares it with Asian American and Black feminism, which faced similar problems. (shrink)

The author builds a realistic theory of democracy to end the false idea that corruption, state crime, and public immorality are democracy's products, not the natural and inevitable fruits of oligarchic regimes. Important theories of the state and constitution exist, but none can be called a theory of democracy.

(2001). Disability: Societal Responses to Difference and Interdisciplinary Interventions by Bioethicists. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 62-63.

El presente trabajo se propone determinar un criterio con que interpretar de modo global el desarrollo del pensamiento de Giovanni Gentile. Su caracterización como pensador neohegeliano no da razón del sentido global de su filosofía ni de sus efectivos puntos de partida ni de los pensadores con los que directamente se midió. El trabajo hace ver que, con Donato Jaja, su maestro universitario, la tradición idealista iniciada por Bertrando Spaventa se separa definitivamente de la interpretación de Hegel y se constituye (...) como tradición autónoma. En ese sentido, buscamos precisar los rasgos característicos de la personalidad filosófica de Gentile dentro de dicha tradición y concluimos que Vico ocupó un papel nuclear en ella. (shrink)

Los Salmanticen-ses fueron teólogos que enseña-ron en el Colegio universitario salmanticenses de los carmelitas descalzos durante el siglo XVII y primera parte del XVIII. A ellos se deben el “Cursus theologi-cus salmanticensis”, así como el “Cursus moralis salmanticensis”. El tratado de penitencia del Cur-sus theologicus salmanticensisestá dividido en dos partes bien diferenciadas, aunque íntima-mente relacionadas: 1. La peni-tencia como sacramento. 2. La penitencia como virtud. Resumi-mos aquí sobre todo lo que se refiere la Penitencia como sacra-mento. Nuestro método es analí-tico (...) y comparativo, y el objeto de nuestra investigación consiste en la síntesis, el análisis y el comen-tario de los textos más destaca-dos sobre la materia penitencial. (shrink)

In this article I will argue that one of the strongest arguments for the charge of inconsistency in the international application of the rawlsian theory is defective because it establishes the false analogy between the decent hierarchical people and the reasonable comprehensive doctrines as the starting point of Rawlsian theory. Instead, I will argue that the analogy must not be thought as if it would establish comparisons between those two entities but among ways of justifying the tolerance of non-liberal conceptions. (...) At the same time, I will claim that the main cause for the defection of the disanalogy argument is the non-recognition of the objects of justice in the domestic and international cases. (shrink)

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been considered as a measure of heart-brain interaction and autonomic modulation, and it is modified by cognitive and attentional tasks. In cognitive tasks, HRV was reduced in participants who achieved worse results. This could indicate the possibility of HRV predicting cognitive performance, but this association is still unclear in a high cognitive load sport such as chess Objective: To analyse modifications on HRV and subjective perception of stress, difficulty and complexity in different chess problem (...) tasks. Design: HRV was assessed at baseline. During the chess problems, HRV was also monitored, and immediately after chess problems the subjective stress, difficulty and complexity were also registered. Method: A total of 16 male chess players, age: 35.19 (13.44) and ELO: 1927.69 (167.78) were analysed while six chess problem solving tasks with different level of difficulty were conducted (two low level, two medium level and two high level chess problems). Participants were classified according to their results into two groups: high performance or low performance. Results: Friedman test showed a significant effect of tasks in HRV indexes and perceived difficulty, stress and complexity in both high and low performance groups. A decrease in HRV was observed in both groups when chess problems difficulty increased. In addition, HRV was significantly higher in the high performance group than in the low performance group during chess problems. Conclusions: An increase in autonomic modulation was observed to meet the cognitive demands of the problems, being higher while the difficulty of the tasks increased. Non-linear HRV indexes seem to be more reactive to tasks difficulty, being an interesting and useful tool in chess training. (shrink)