In den USA ist die anthropologische, ethnographische und philosophische Diskussion uber posthumanes Menschsein in vollem Gange, in Deutschland eher verhalten.

Das Thema Leib ist langst nicht mehr nur auf die traditionelle phanomenologische Forschung beschrankt. Das leibliche Sein betrifft vielmehr die Situation des Menschen an sich. Die Anthropologie des 20. Jh. bedarf angesichts der Ergebnisse der Ethologie, der Genomforschung und der Neurowissenschaften einer Revision. Die hier formulierte Version einer empirisch orientierten transklassischen Phanomenologie thematisiert den menschlichen Leib philosophisch neu und begrundet so eine leiborientierte Anthropologie fur das 21. Jahrhundert. Kern dieser Anthropologie ist nicht eine biologische Definition, sondern das leibliche In-der-Welt-Sein des (...) Menschen. Dieses leibliche Sein definiert sich durch die Fahigkeit, mit sich selbst, mit anderen und mit der Natur angemessen umgehen zu konnen. (shrink)

Germany and Japan are two of the worldwide leading countries in robotics research. Robotics as a key technology introduces technical as well as philosophical and cultural challenges. How can we use robots that have a human-like appearance in everyday life? Are there limits to technology? What are the cultural similarities and differences between Germany and Japan? These are some of the questions which are discussed in the book. Five chapters comprehend an intercultural and interdisciplinary framework including current research fields like (...) Roboethics, Hermeneutics of Technologies, Technology Assessment, Robotics in Japanese Popular Culture and Music Robots. Contributions on cultural interrelations, technical visions and essays round out the content of this book. (shrink)

We live in a technologically mediated lifeworld and culture. Technologies either magnify or amplify human experiences. They can change the ways we live. Technology has been woven into the social and cultural fabric of different cultures. German phenomenologist philosopher Bernhard Irrgang for than 2 decades engaging with the questions, what role does technology play in everyday human experience? How do technological artefacts affect people's existence and their relations with the world? And how do instruments, devices and apparatuses produce and transform (...) human knowledge? Along with Albert Borgmann, Larry Hickman, Don Ihde, Carl Mitcham, Hans Poser, Peter-Paul Verbeek, Walther Zimmerli, contemporary German philosopher of technology Bernhard Irrgang provides a useful vocabulary for understanding the ways we relate to technology and to the world through technologies in different cultures. (shrink)

We further develop a previously introduced method of constructing forcing notions with the help of morasses. There are two new results: (1) If there is a simplified (ω 1 , 1)-morass, then there exists a ccc forcing of size ω 1 that adds an ω 2 -Suslin tree. (2) If there is a simplified (ω 1 , 2)-morass, then there exists a ccc forcing of size ω 1 that adds a 0-dimensional Hausdorff topology τ on ω 3 which has spread (...) s(τ) = ω 1 . While (2) is the main result of the paper, (1) is only an improvement of a previous result, which is based on a simple observation. Both forcings preserve GCH. To show that the method can be changed to produce models where CH fails, we give an alternative construction of Koszmider's model in which there is a chain 〈X α | α < ω 2 〉 such that X α ⊆ ω 1 , X β — X α is finite and X α — X β has size ω 1 for all β < α < ω 2. (shrink)

This volume introduces a model of the human physical mind that puts the concept of competence at the center of its analysis, constructing a post-positivistic, postmodern and post-analytic philosophy of the human mind that combines empirical-instrumental phenomenology and neo-hermeneutics. German text. Contents: Die Neurowissenschaften: Topographie des menschlichen Gehirns und die Architektur des menschlich-leiblichen Geistes - Cognitive Science: Unterschiede maschineller und menschlicher Intelligenz - Explizite psychisch-geistige Kompetenzen: Erfahrung, Erinnerung,Wissen, Bewusstsein - Freiheit, Handlungskompetenz und Selbsterkenntnis: leiblicher Geist und menschliche Personlichkeit.

In L’institution, la passivité. Notes de cours au Collège de France (1954-1955), Maurice Merleau-Ponty develops approaches to a concept of the unconscious that can also be relevant to a mental philosophy from the perspective of cognitive science and AI in the tradition of continental philosophy. I consider this all the more important as previous attempts at an analytical philosophy of AI tend to remain stuck in Cartesian or Platonic dualism, which – as a dream of Silicon Valley – could encourage (...) gnostic thinking (Irrgang 2021). (shrink)

O presente artigo parte da ideia de que o conceito conservativo-conservador de sustentabilidade (das florestas, por exemplo) deve ser combinado com a ideia inovadora do ponto de vista tecnológico-económico de desenvolvimento sustentável de modo a formar uma ideia reguladora de desenvolvimento sustentável de acordo com um modelo aberto. O artigo defende que o desenvolvimento tecnológico pode do ponto de vista cultural e institucional ser organizado de uma forma mais sustentável, muito embora a sustentabilidade não tenha ainda sido alcançada tanto do (...) ponto de vista global como do regional Para o autor do artigo, o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável não é umo ideologia, muito embora a mera consideração anti-capitalista do problema da protecção do ambiente seja passivel de ser considerada ideológica. Segundo o artigo, a protecção da sobrevivencia não deve ser vista em oposição ao desenvolvimento sustentável, antes sim como um ponto de partida para a busca de estratégias e caminhos de sustentabilidade no desenvolvimento. Uma ética do futuro tampouco constitui modelo unilateral relativo às questões de etica ambiental. Segundo o autor, porém, todos os componentes do modelo de desenvolvimento sustentdvel tornados em conjunto resultam numa heuristica de busca pragmáticamente suficiente e adequada para todo e qualquer processo de desenvolvimento sustentável. /// The conservative-conserving concepts of sustainability (offorestry, f. e.) should be combined with the innovative technological-economical idea of sustainable development to a regulative idea of sustainable development according to an open model. Technological development could institutionally-culturally be organised in a more sustainable way, even though sustainability has neither globally nor regionally been reached yet. The concept of sustainability is no ideology, while a simple anticapitalistic view of the conservation problem appears to be ideological itself. Protection of survival is not to be seen as an opposition to sustainable development, but as a starting point of search-strategies for paths of sustainable development. Future-Ethics is also not an explicit search-pattern for questions of ecological ethics. The combined components of the model of sustainable development result in a pragmatically sufficient Search-Heuristics for sustainable development. (shrink)

German description: Projektmedizin umfasst verschiedene Formen der Anwendung hypermoderner Technologie in der Medizin, die in klinischen Studien und im medizinischen Alltag geprueft wurde. Ihr primäres Ziel ist nicht mehr nur die unmittelbare Behebung von Krankheiten, sondern die Realisierung von Patientenwuenschen nach Selbstgestaltung, Familienplanung und Lifestyle mit Hilfe von Technoresearch. Dies hat einen technologiebedingten Wertewandel zur Folge. Die Conditio Humana emanzipiert sich von der klassischen Konzeption eines vorgegeben natuerlichen Wesens des Menschen. Bernhard Irrgang erarbeitet Grundlagenwissen fuer ethische Diskussionen ueber Projektmedizin fuer (...) Patienten und den medizinischen Alltag, fuer die Arbeit in der Schule sowie fuer die Vermittlung des Faches Medizinethik an medizinischen Fakultäten. Dabei handelt es sich nicht um ein Lehrbuch, sondern um eine Einfuehrung in ethische und anthropologische Denk- und Argumentationsweisen in der Medizin, die auf einem leiborientierten Modell von Patientenautonomie beruhen. (shrink)