Introduction: Variation across research ethics boards in conditions placed on access to medical records for research purposes raises concerns around negative impacts on research quality and on human subject protection, including privacy.Aim: To study variation in REB consent requirements for retrospective chart review and who may have access to the medical record for data abstraction.Methods: Thirty 90-min face-to-face interviews were conducted with REB chairs and administrators affiliated with faculties of medicine in Canadian universities, using structured questions around a case study (...) with open-ended responses. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded manually.Results: Fourteen sites required individual patient consent for the study to proceed as proposed. Three indicated that their response would depend on how potentially identifying variables would be managed. Eleven sites did not require consent. Two suggested a notification and opt-out process. Most stated that consent would be required if identifiable information was being abstracted from the record. Among those not requiring consent, there was substantial variation in recognising that the abstracted information could potentially indirectly re-identify individuals. Concern over access to medical records by an outside individual was also associated with requirement for consent. Eighteen sites required full committee review. Sixteen allowed an external research assistant to abstract information from the health record.Conclusions: Large variation was found across sites in the requirement for consent for research involving access to medical records. REBs need training in best practices for protecting privacy and confidentiality in health research. A forum for REB chairs to confidentially share concerns and decisions about specific studies could also reduce variation in decisions. (shrink)

War-orphans from Thasos: a new fragment of the « Agathoi Decree » (ca 360-350 B. C). A new fragment of the « Agathoi Decree » is here published (J. POUILLOUX, Recherches sur Thasos I, 141), which contains arrangements for the public funerals of citizens killed in war. The twenty-two new lines contain three additional clauses. The city guarantees the maintenance of war-orphans through a daily allowance, provided that they are genuinely needy. The sons of metics will receive a fixed grant (...) of 17,5 staters. A third, unspecified, category (the sons of nothoi? freedmen?) are entitled to certain privileges, specified in an earlier decree. The decree is to be published near the prytaneion. The document reveals, among other things, the existence of a board of prytaneis. It also allows for a reexamination of monetary questions, in particular the denominations of the new currency system introduced in Thasos in the early fourth century B.C. The whole decree is strongly influenced by the Athenian model. It was probably adopted in exceptionally grave military circumstances, very likely the Datos/Krenides war of 360-356 B.C. (shrink)

Volume 1: The Dance of Civa Collum Originally published in 1927. "It has substance and thought to it." Spectator "A very interesting account of the work of Sir Jagadis Bose." Oxford Magazine This essay suggests that recognition of the ceaseless flow of the Dance of Civa is the most promising cure for the misunderstandings that have arisen from a Western habit of assuming that conventional categories have tangible existence. Quo Vadimus? Glimpses of the Future E E Fournier d’Albe Originally (...) published in 1925. "A wonderful vision of the future. A book that will be talked about." Daily Graphic "Interesting and singularly plausible" Daily Telegraph This volume discusses the possible advances of life on earth and asks whether a new race will arise or whether the earth will remain the dominant planet in the solar system for human life. 92pp. Ethnos or the Problem of Race Arthur Keith Originally published in 1931 The author argues that the global unrest of the 1930s arises from qualities inherent in human races and he maintains that if the world is to have peace the problems engendered by diversity of race must first be understood. 86pp Tantalus Or the Future of Man F C S Schiller Originally published in 1924. "…brilliantly clever…" Morning Post "Immensely valuable and infinitely readable" Daily News This volume discusses the threats which face mankind and ways in which destruction may be avoided. 66pp. (shrink)

Depuis les années 1970, les fouilles de Thasos ont mis au jour deux inscriptions en rapport avec la famille impériale. La première, datée entre 14 et 29 apr. J.-C., est due à Komis, prêtresse de Livie. Gravée sur la façade arrière du portique Nord-Ouest, elle était la dédicace de l'exèdre des abords Ouest de l'agora. La deuxième, complétée par un fragment découvert en 2006, est la dédicace d'une statue pour Agrippa Postumus, fils adoptif d'Auguste honoré comme bienfaiteur par tradition ancestrale. (...) Les deux textes témoignent des transformations de la monumentalité et de la société thasiennes au début de l'Empire. (shrink)

Conçues pour des biens ayant une consistance matérielle, nombre d'infractions pénales ont été sollicitées ces dernières années pour s'appliquer à des biens immatériels tels qu'un numéro de carte bancaire, un projet de borne informatique, du temps de travail ou encore des données informatiques. Au-delà de la matière répressive, l'ambition de cet ouvrage est de se livrer à une étude plus générale de l'adaptation du droit au développement de l'immatériel pour déterminer jusqu'où l'on peut juridiquement aller dans sa prise en compte. (...) C'est un fait indéniable que l'immatériel prend une place de tout premier plan dans la société contemporaine. Le droit des siècles passés connaissait, certes, déjà l'incorporalité, mais nul doute que les potentialités actuelles ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles. L'ouvrage propose tout d'abord de préciser la notion d'immatériel en recourant à des approches non juridiques. Le point de vue du philosophe et celui du physicien peuvent fournir des clés pour percer un concept que le juriste pourra ensuite aborder de manière pragmatique. S'agissant de l'appréhension juridique de l'immatériel, deux mouvements peuvent être observés. D'une part, l'immatériel est un objet que le droit s'efforce d'intégrer ; d'autre part, il est un outil que le droit peut exploiter. Sur le premier point, il s'agit d'examiner comment le droit parvient à s'adapter à l'émergence de nouvelles formes d'objet et surtout d'identifier les limites qui ne pourront ou ne devront pas être dépassées. Même lorsque l'on s'intéresse à des matières qui ont été conçues pour régir l'immatériel, telle que la propriété intellectuelle, on observe en effet que tout objet ne peut être saisi et on devine alors que de telles limites doivent a fortiori exister lorsque l'on est en présence de branches du droit qui n'étaient originairement pas destinées à s'appliquer à de tels biens et qui ne peuvent y parvenir qu'au terme d'une adaptation. Sur le second aspect, il s'agit d'observer les perspectives qu'ouvre l'immatériel comme moyen d'accéder au droit et de mettre en relation les acteurs de la scène juridique. Là aussi, certains aspects ne sont pas totalement nouveaux et si la prolifération des contrats conclus par voie électronique ne constitue que le développement récent du phénomène ancien des contrats à distance, la dématérialisation des procédures et des échanges entre professionnels du droit va être relayée par un accès direct du justiciable aux services judiciaires qui est de nature à changer de manière significative le mode de relation au juge et à l'institution judiciaire. (shrink)

In 2004, the excavation in the north part of the Artemision on Thasos yielded a fragment of a decree passed in honour of the Thasian Stilbon between the 1st c. BC and the 1st c. AD. Stilbon had offered to finance the work of restoration and construction necessitated by the sanctuary of a goddess of the city. Rendered in a rather unconventional style, the text shows how the maintenance of religious facilities passed from the responsibility of the city to that (...) of individual fortunes. (shrink)

Les fouilles des abords Sud de l’agora de Thasos ont mis au jour, en 2007, un trésor de 23 deniers républicains dont l’enfouissement se situe en 48/ 7 av. J.-C. ou peu après. La trouvaille confirme l’existence, dès l’époque hellénistique, d’une occupation du complexe monumental ouvrant sur l’agora au Nord, qui peut être mise en relation avec les structures en bel appareil observables sous les murs du macellum d’époque impériale. La publication permet en outre de revenir sur les modalités de (...) la circulation des deniers républicains en Grèce du Nord et à Thasos au cours du Ier s. av. J.-C. : amorcée à l’époque des guerres de Mithridate, bien après les premières interventions des Romains dans cette région, elle s’est considérablement accélérée avec les guerres civiles romaines en Orient. Une proportion importante des monnaies du trésor de Thasos a d’ailleurs été produite sous l’autorité de Pompée ou sous celle de César, en prévision de l’affrontement qui eut lieu à Pharsale en 48. (shrink)

Cette contribution revient sur un décret de Thasos déjà abondamment commenté, qui porte la ratification de la donation testamentaire opérée en faveur de la cité par un personnage du nom de M. Varinius Rebilus, également connu par un décret de Serrès. Un nouvel examen permet de dater le texte de 22 apr. J.-C., sous le consulat de C. Sulpicius Galba. Le décret peut ainsi être replacé dans le contexte régional, politique et religieux du règne de Tibère. Il apparaît notamment que (...) le culte des dieux Augustes (Theoi Sebastoi) était célébré dès cette époque dans la cité. (shrink)

Cette étude constitue la première publication complète de tous les éléments associés à l’autel des Césars au cœur de l’agora de Thasos : les vestiges architecturaux, la dédicace à Lucius César et la tête sculptée mises au jour lors de la fouille du monument. L’identification de l’édifice à un autel est désormais assurée et l’appartenance du bloc inscrit à ce dernier confirmée. La présence d’une seconde dédicace, vraisemblablement à Caius César, est rendue très probable par la structure du monument, dont (...) une restitution est proposée pour la première fois. L’association à la construction de l’autel des deux soubassements de bases qui le flanquent à l’Est est démontrée, ce qui conforte l’identification de la tête à l’un des deux princes de la jeunesse, dans lequel il faut reconnaître Caius plutôt que Lucius. Ces nouveaux éléments permettent de dater précisément le monument entre 4 et 6 apr. J.‑C. et de lui donner sa juste place dans l’histoire des relations entre Thasos et la famille impériale. (shrink)

En 1988, la fouille sous‑marine du port de Thasos permettait l’extraction d’un imposant carreau de marbre, en même temps que d’autres blocs entassés en avant de la jetée antique. En 2017, un nouvel examen de la pierre, qui appartenait originellement à l’élévation d’un édifice de l’agora toute proche, a révélé une inscription rendue très difficilement lisible par un séjour prolongé dans l’eau de mer. Le Peuple des Thasiens y honorait son patron, Caius Octavius, proconsul de Macédoine en 60‑59 av. J.‑C.

Une série d’inscriptions thasiennes, datées du iie et du iiie s. apr. J.‑C., fait connaître une pratique originale : à intervalle régulier, peut‑être une fois par an, les principaux magistrats de la cité, sous la conduite d’un ou de plusieurs archontes, effectuaient solennellement le tour de l’île, par voie de mer. Au sud‑est de l’île, le sanctuaire d’Aliki, où ont été retrouvées la plupart des dédicaces, paraît avoir constitué le but de cette tournée. Des sacrifices et des banquets y étaient (...) organisés. Le périple des magistrats offrait à la cité l’occasion de réaffirmer son emprise sur le territoire insulaire, en y effectuant notamment des opérations de justice et de police. (shrink)

The central theme of this book is the question, Why do scientists pursue scientific investigation? Of course, Bert Theunissen begins by pointing out that the answers scientists offer will be socially acceptable answers. Even so, Theunissen asserts, the historian may infer from the answers what motivated the persons questioned. Moreover, insights may be gleaned concerning science, society, and the relations between the two in the period the scientists lived.In this book the author discusses the notions of the objective of science (...) endorsed, respectively, by Jan Hendrik van Swinden , Jan van der Hoeven , Pieter Harting , Gerrit Jan Moll , Franciscus C. Donders , Hugo de Vries , Martinus W. Beijerinck , and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz .From this list of names it appears that Theunissen has focused his study on the nineteenth century. That period is especially interesting with respect to the changing images of science, as the ideas of the main goal of the university altered completely during that period. At the beginning of the century providing an academic education was seen as the prime task. Research was not seen as part of the duties of a professor at all. Those that did any experimentation chose to do so for their own sake, not because it was an element of the curriculum. That had changed completely by the end of the century. By then scientific investigation was considered a regular—in fact the most important—task of the university. This change in focus went hand in hand with the establishment of a number of new laboratories for most Dutch universities.In the accounts of the above‐mentioned men the content and development of their ideas about the pursuit of science are examined. From this analysis the common element that emerges in their images of science is gain for society, as expressed in the title, which translates into English as something like “Profit and more profit.” In the view of these men the pursuit of science is profitable for society; it is not pursued just for its own sake, let alone for the pleasure of the pursuer. In the beginning of the century the well‐trained minds of an intellectual elite that had completed academic training was regarded as the prime benefit for society. By the end of the century the profit was understood to come from scientific investigation of nature: science was seen as an instrument to further human welfare.Initially, I found it surprising that each and every one of the leading persons confidently asserts that the pursuit of science is for the benefit of society at large. Yet, on closer inspection, that was not so surprising, as Theunissen has studied and quotes almost exclusively from published sources, from treatises written for fellow scholars, for administrators, and for the lay public. The author seems not to have studied correspondence or other private papers in which a man may have voiced less elevated purposes for the pursuit of science.One thing amazed me: in the whole of this work, covering over a hundred years of discussion and the ideas of some 300 Dutch scholars on the subject at hand, there is not one woman mentioned. Admittedly, by the time the present story finishes, in the early twentieth century, only a few women had been appointed to academic positions in Dutch universities, so there is presumably not much material to draw on. However, one argument in the debate raging in the last quarter of the nineteenth century about the admission of women to the universities was the view that women, like men, should have the benefit of a higher education so as to fully develop their minds.Most of the contents of this book have appeared in print already in the form of separate articles in various journals, some in English but mostly in the Dutch language. Presumably that explains why the author has chosen to publish his treatise in Dutch rather than English. Even though the author has stressed the national character of his exposé by discussing at length some controversies among Dutch historians of science on points he addresses, the issues considered in this book and the scope of the inquiry warrant international notice and discussion.This book has a pleasantly unpretentious layout and typography and is, moreover, very carefully produced: I have seen but one printing error—which I leave it to you to discover. (shrink)

Résumé Le commentaire du pape cistercien d’Avignon, Benoît XII (Jacques Fournier), sur l’évangile de Matthieu a été partiellement édité au xvii e siècle par les dominicains qui l’attribuèrent à Benoît XI. Nous disposons ainsi d’une édition des traités 28 à 50 concernant le Discours sur la montagne (qui plus est, aujourd’hui disponible en ligne). À partir d’une lecture des deux premiers traités, cet article s’intéresse aux considérations exégétiques originales du pape cistercien, mais surtout à sa présentation de l’éthique du (...) Christ. Car c’est bien ainsi que sont abordées les béatitudes, et le moine donne, en particulier à propos de la première, un enseignement très original et approfondi sur l’humilité. Cette vertu clé du socratisme chrétien dont Bernard est le fleuron constitue le point de départ d’une philosophie pratique spécifiquement cistercienne. Le pape d’Avignon s’avère sur ce point un fidèle disciple de l’Abbé de Clairvaux. (shrink)

Volume 1: The Dance of Civa Collum Originally published in 1927. "It has substance and thought to it." Spectator "A very interesting account of the work of Sir Jagadis Bose." Oxford Magazine This essay suggests that recognition of the ceaseless flow of the Dance of Civa is the most promising cure for the misunderstandings that have arisen from a Western habit of assuming that conventional categories have tangible existence. Quo Vadimus? Glimpses of the Future E E Fournier d’Albe Originally (...) published in 1925. "A wonderful vision of the future. A book that will be talked about." Daily Graphic "Interesting and singularly plausible" Daily Telegraph This volume discusses the possible advances of life on earth and asks whether a new race will arise or whether the earth will remain the dominant planet in the solar system for human life. 92pp. Ethnos or the Problem of Race Arthur Keith Originally published in 1931 The author argues that the global unrest of the 1930s arises from qualities inherent in human races and he maintains that if the world is to have peace the problems engendered by diversity of race must first be understood. 86pp Tantalus Or the Future of Man F C S Schiller Originally published in 1924. "…brilliantly clever…" Morning Post "Immensely valuable and infinitely readable" Daily News This volume discusses the threats which face mankind and ways in which destruction may be avoided. 66pp. (shrink)

Le présent article retrace les étapes qui ont présidé à l’élaboration d’une base de données d’exemples de structures à subordonnées comparatives du français. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet « Structures à Subordonnées Comparatives du français » (SCF). Piloté par le laboratoire LaTTiCe sous la direction de C. Fuchs, ce projet a réuni des membres de quatre laboratoires français : B. Combettes et A. Kuyumcuyan (ATILF, Nancy), C. Guimier (CRISCO, Caen), N. Fournier et M. Morinièr...

Neuroscientists are searching for the engram within the conceptual framework established by John Locke's theory of mind. This framework was elaborated before the development of information theory, before the development of information processing machines and the science of computation, before the discovery that molecules carry hereditary information, before the discovery of the codon code and the molecular machinery for editing the messages written in this code and translating it into transcription factors that mark abstract features of organic structure such as (...) anterior and distal. The search for the engram needs to abandon Locke's conceptual framework and work within a framework informed by these developments. The engram is the medium by which information extracted from past experience is transmitted to the computations that inform future behavior. The information-conveying symbols in the engram are rapidly generated in the course of computations, which implies that they are molecules. (shrink)

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of C. S. Lewis’s death, a special annotated edition of his Christian classic, The Screwtape Letters, with notes and excerpts from his other works that help illuminate this diabolical masterpiece. Since its publication in 1942, The Screwtape Letters has sold millions of copies worldwide and is recognized as a milestone in the history of popular theology. A masterpiece of satire, it offers a sly and ironic portrayal of human life and foibles from the (...) vantage point of Screwtape, a highly placed assistant to “Our Father Below.” At once wildly comic, deadly serious, and strikingly original, The Screwtape Letters comprises the correspondence of the worldly-wise devil Screwtape and his nephew Wormwood, a novice demon in charge of securing the damnation of an ordinary young man. For the first time, The Screwtape Letters will be presented in full-text accompanied by helpful annotations in a striking two-color format. These annotations will give fans a deeper, more nuanced understanding of the popular book, providing background information, explanations of terms, historical significance, and excerpts from Lewis’s other works that more fully explain the ideas in this volume. For both expert Lewis fans and casual readers, The Screwtape Letters: Annotated Edition will be a beautiful and insightful guide to a beloved classic. (shrink)

Volume 1 of the Routledge History of Philosophy covers one of the most remarkable periods in human thought. The essays present the fundamental approaches and thinkers of Greek philosophy in chronological order.

In a well- known barb, CD Broad said: "Mr. Bertrand Russell produces a new system of philosophy each year or so, and Mr. GE Moore none ...

Introduction: conceptual analysis of teaching, by B. P. Komisar and T. W. Nelson.--A concept of teaching, by B. O. Smith.--The concept of teaching, by I. Sheffler.--A topology of the teaching concept, by T. F. Green.--Teaching: act and enterprise, by B. P. Komisar.--Must an education have an aim? By R. S. Peters.--Curriculum as a field of study, by D. Heubner.--Can and should means-ends reasoning be used in teaching? By C. J. B. Macmillan and J. E. McClellan.

The Holocaust marks a decisive moment in modern suffering in which it becomes almost impossible to find meaning or redemption in the experience. In this study, C. Fred Alford offers a new and thoughtful examination of the experience of suffering. Moving from the Book of Job, an account of meaningful suffering in a God-drenched world, to the work of Primo Levi, who attempted to find meaning in the Holocaust through absolute clarity of insight, he concludes that neither strategy works well (...) in today's world. More effective are the day-to-day coping practices of some survivors. Drawing on testimonies of survivors from the Fortunoff Video Archives, Alford also applies the work of Julia Kristeva and the psychoanalyst Donald Winnicot to his examination of a topic that has been and continues to be central to human experience. (shrink)

The Cambridge Companion to the Hebrew Bible and Ethics offers an engaging and informative response to a wide range of ethical issues. Drawing connections between ancient and contemporary ethical problems, the essays address a variety of topics, including student loan debt, criminal justice reform, ethnicity and inclusion, family systems, and military violence. The volume emphasizes the contextual nature of ethical reflection, stressing the importance of historical knowledge and understanding in illuminating the concerns, the logic, and the intentions of the biblical (...) texts. Twenty essays, all specially commissioned for this volume, address the texts' historical and literary contexts and identify key social, political, and cultural factors affecting their ethical ideas. They also explore how these texts can contribute to contemporary ethical discussions. The Cambridge Companion to the Hebrew Bible and Ethics is suitable for use in undergraduate and graduate courses in liberal arts colleges and universities, as well as seminaries. (shrink)