Results for 'Calvin Jongsma'

980 found
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  1.  23
    George Boole: His Life and Work. Desmond MacHale.Calvin Jongsma - 1986 - Isis 77 (3):544-545.
  2.  23
    Mathematical Visions: The Pursuit of Geometry in Victorian EnglandJoan L. Richards.Calvin Jongsma - 1990 - Isis 81 (3):585-586.
  3. equality and identity.John Corcoran & Anthony Ramnauth - 2013 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 19 (3):255-256.
    Equality and identity. Bulletin of Symbolic Logic. 19 (2013) 255-6. (Coauthor: Anthony Ramnauth) Also see https://www.academia.edu/s/a6bf02aaab This article uses ‘equals’ [‘is equal to’] and ‘is’ [‘is identical to’, ‘is one and the same as’] as they are used in ordinary exact English. In a logically perfect language the oxymoron ‘the numbers 3 and 2+1 are the same number’ could not be said. Likewise, ‘the number 3 and the number 2+1 are one number’ is just as bad from a logical point (...)
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  4.  22
    Mathematics in a Postmodern Age: A Christian Perspective.Russell W. Howell & James Bradley - 2001 - Eerdmans Publishing Company.
    The discipline of mathematics has not been spared the sweeping critique of postmodernism. Is mathematical theory true for all time, or are mathematical constructs in fact fallible? This fascinating book examines the tensions that have arisen between modern and postmodern views of mathematics, explores alternative theories of mathematical truth, explains why the issues are important, and shows how a Christian perspective makes a difference. Contributors: W. James Bradley William Dembski Russell W. Howell Calvin Jongsma David Klanderman Christopher Menzel (...)
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  5.  47
    The ethics and epistemology of explanatory AI in medicine and healthcare.Karin Jongsma, Martin Sand & Juan M. Durán - 2022 - Ethics and Information Technology 24 (4):1-4.
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  6.  49
    Ethics parallel research: an approach for (early) ethical guidance of biomedical innovation.Karin R. Jongsma & Annelien L. Bredenoord - 2020 - BMC Medical Ethics 21 (1):1-9.
    BackgroundOur human societies and certainly also (bio) medicine are more and more permeated with technology. There seems to be an increasing awareness among bioethicists that an effective and comprehensive approach to ethically guide these emerging biomedical innovations into society is needed. Such an approach has not been spelled out yet for bioethics, while there are frequent calls for ethical guidance of biomedical innovation, also by biomedical researchers themselves. New and emerging biotechnologies require anticipation of possible effects and implications, meaning the (...)
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  7.  78
    Epistemic injustice in dementia and autism patient organizations: An empirical analysis.Karin Jongsma, Elisabeth Spaeth & Silke Schicktanz - 2017 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 8 (4):221-233.
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  8.  28
    The implausibility of response shifts in dementia patients.Karin Rolanda Jongsma, Mirjam A. G. Sprangers & Suzanne van de Vathorst - 2016 - Journal of Medical Ethics 42 (9):597-600.
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  9.  63
    Beyond competence: advance directives in dementia research.Karin Roland Jongsma & Suzanne van de Vathorst - 2015 - Monash Bioethics Review 33 (2-3):167-180.
    Dementia is highly prevalent and incurable. The participation of dementia patients in clinical research is indispensable if we want to find an effective treatment for dementia. However, one of the primary challenges in dementia research is the patients’ gradual loss of the capacity to consent. Patients with dementia are characterized by the fact that, at an earlier stage of their life, they were able to give their consent to participation in research. Therefore, the phase when patients are still competent to (...)
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  10.  79
    Dementia and advance directives: some empirical and normative concerns.Karin R. Jongsma, Marijke C. Kars & Johannes J. M. van Delden - 2019 - Journal of Medical Ethics 45 (2):92-94.
    The authors of the paper ‘Advance euthanasia directives: a controversial case and its ethical implications’ articulate concerns and reasons with regard to the conduct of euthanasia in persons with dementia based on advance directives. While we agree on the conclusion that there needs to be more attention for such directives in the preparation phase, we disagree with the reasons provided by the authors to support their conclusions. We will outline two concerns with their reasoning by drawing on empirical research and (...)
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  11.  32
    Digital Medicine: An Opportunity to Revisit the Role of Bioethicists.Karin R. Jongsma, Annelien L. Bredenoord & Federica Lucivero - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (9):69-70.
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  12.  37
    One For All, All For One? Collective Representation in Healthcare Policy.Karin Jongsma, Nitzan Rimon-Zarfaty, Aviad Raz & Silke Schicktanz - 2018 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 15 (3):337-340.
    Healthcare collectives, such as patient organizations, advocacy groups, disability organizations, professional associations, industry advocates, social movements, and health consumer organizations have been increasingly involved in healthcare policymaking. Such collectives are based on the idea that individual interests can be aggregated into collective interests by participation, deliberation, and representation. The topic of collectivity in healthcare, more specifically collective representation, has only rarely been addressed in bioethics. This symposium, entitled: “Collective Representation in Healthcare Policy” of the Journal of Bioethical Inquiry draws attention (...)
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  13.  45
    Dementia research and advance consent: it is not about critical interests.Karin Rolanda Jongsma & Suzanne van de Vathorst - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (8):708-709.
  14.  20
    Losing Rather than Choosing: A Defense of Advance Directives in the Context of Dementia.Karin Jongsma - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (8):90-92.
    Volume 20, Issue 8, August 2020, Page 90-92.
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  15.  36
    Morally Relevant Similarities and Differences Between Children and Dementia Patients as Research Subjects: Representation in Legal Documents and Ethical Guidelines.Karin Jongsma, Wendy Bos & Suzanne Vathorst - 2015 - Bioethics 29 (9):662-670.
    Children and adults with dementia are vulnerable populations. Both groups are also relatively seldom included in biomedical research. However, including them in clinical trials is necessary, since both groups are in need of scientific innovation and new therapies. Their dependence and limited decision-making capacities increase their vulnerability, necessitating extra precautions when including them in clinical trials. Beside these similarities there are also many differences between the groups. The most obvious one is that children have an entire life ahead of them (...)
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  16.  20
    Morally Relevant Similarities and Differences Between Children and Dementia Patients as Research Subjects: Representation in Legal Documents and Ethical Guidelines.Karin Jongsma, Wendy Bos & Suzanne van de Vathorst - 2015 - Bioethics 29 (9):662-670.
    Children and adults with dementia are vulnerable populations. Both groups are also relatively seldom included in biomedical research. However, including them in clinical trials is necessary, since both groups are in need of scientific innovation and new therapies. Their dependence and limited decision‐making capacities increase their vulnerability, necessitating extra precautions when including them in clinical trials. Beside these similarities there are also many differences between the groups. The most obvious one is that children have an entire life ahead of them (...)
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  17.  23
    Patient Representation: Mind the Gap Between Individual and Collective Claims.Karin R. Jongsma & Silke Schicktanz - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (4):28-30.
    With the increasing attention paid to patient participation in both health care policy-making and health care research, McCoy and colleagues (2020) point to a key ethical issue, namely the quest fo...
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  18.  32
    The usual suspects: why techno-fixing dementia is flawed.Karin Rolanda Jongsma & Martin Sand - 2017 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 20 (1):119-130.
    Dementia is highly prevalent and up until now, still incurable. If we may believe the narrative that is currently dominant in dementia research, in the future we will not have to suffer from dementia anymore, as there will be a simple techno-fix solution. It is just a matter of time before we can solve the growing public health problem of dementia. In this paper we take a critical stance towards overly positive narratives of techno-fixes by placing our empirical analysis of (...)
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  19.  42
    Agree to disagree: the symmetry of burden of proof in human–AI collaboration.Karin Rolanda Jongsma & Martin Sand - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (4):230-231.
    In their paper ‘Responsibility, second opinions and peer-disagreement: ethical and epistemological challenges of using AI in clinical diagnostic contexts’, Kempt and Nagel discuss the use of medical AI systems and the resulting need for second opinions by human physicians, when physicians and AI disagree, which they call the rule of disagreement.1 The authors defend RoD based on three premises: First, they argue that in cases of disagreement in medical practice, there is an increased burden of proof for the physician in (...)
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  20.  43
    The Challenge of Demandingness in Citizen Science and Participatory Research.Karin Jongsma & Phoebe Friesen - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (8):33-35.
    Wiggins and Wilbanks’s (2019) article draws attention to the rise of citizen science in the medical domain, part of a larger participatory turn in which citizens and patients are increasingly invol...
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  21.  37
    Advance directives in dementia research: The opinions and arguments of clinical researchers − an empirical study.Karin Jongsma & Suzanne van de Vathorst - 2015 - Research Ethics 11 (1):4-14.
    In order to discover an effective treatment for dementia it is necessary to include dementia patients in clinical research trials. Dementia patients face an increased risk to lose the capacity to consent to research participation, and research possibilities with incompetent participants are legally strictly limited. One solution is for patients to consent to research through an advance research directive whilst still competent. In order to explore whether such a directive would be useful and valuable in practice we conducted a qualitative (...)
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  22.  46
    Return to childhood? Against the infantilization of people with dementia.Karin Jongsma & Mark Schweda - 2018 - Bioethics 32 (7):414-420.
    The idea that dementia is essentially a return to childhood and those affected must somehow be similar to children constitutes a deeply rooted and pervasive cultural trope. While such tropes may be helpful in making sense of an otherwise elusive and inscrutable state, they can at the same time promote inadequate understandings of dementia and hence also influence our attitudes and behaviour towards those affected in several problematic ways. In the present work, we provide a detailed account of the origins (...)
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  23. Who is afraid of black box algorithms? On the epistemological and ethical basis of trust in medical AI.Juan Manuel Durán & Karin Rolanda Jongsma - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (5):medethics - 2020-106820.
    The use of black box algorithms in medicine has raised scholarly concerns due to their opaqueness and lack of trustworthiness. Concerns about potential bias, accountability and responsibility, patient autonomy and compromised trust transpire with black box algorithms. These worries connect epistemic concerns with normative issues. In this paper, we outline that black box algorithms are less problematic for epistemic reasons than many scholars seem to believe. By outlining that more transparency in algorithms is not always necessary, and by explaining that (...)
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  24. AI in Medical Practice.Karin Jongsma & Martin Sand - 2022 - In Ezio Di Nucci, Ji-Young Lee & Isaac A. Wagner, The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Bioethics. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
     
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  25.  22
    Geometry of Trust: Why We Need to Distinguish Between Horizontal and Vertical Trust.Karin R. Jongsma & Annelien L. Bredenoord - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (4):48-50.
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  26.  45
    Bill Calvin's brainstorm.William Calvin - manuscript
    That’s Bill Calvin, whose brain is worthy of study in its own right. Technically, he’s a theoretical neurophysiologist and affiliate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the University of Washington. But he’s also known as a scientist with a wide-ranging intellect and a prolific (and accessible) writer who constantly offers remarkable insights about the world around him. As I sat down to interview Calvin in his book-lined Seattle home last Fall, I recalled the comments of someone who (...)
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  27. (1 other version)John Calvin on God and political duty.Jean Calvin - 1950 - New York,: Liberal Arts Press.
     
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  28.  63
    A mobile revolution for healthcare? Setting the agenda for bioethics.Federica Lucivero & Karin R. Jongsma - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (10):685-689.
    Mobile health is rapidly being implemented and changing our ways of doing, understanding and organising healthcare. mHealth includes wearable devices as well as apps that track fitness, offer wellness programmes or provide tools to manage chronic conditions. According to industry and policy makers, these systems offer efficient and cost-effective solutions for disease prevention and self-management. While this development raises many ethically relevant questions, so far mHealth has received only little attention in medical ethics. This paper provides an overview of bioethical (...)
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  29.  33
    The ethics of ethics conferences: Is Qatar a desirable location for a bioethics conference?Rieke van der Graaf, Karin Jongsma, Suzanne van de Vathorst, Martine de Vries & Ineke Bolt - 2023 - Bioethics 37 (4):319-322.
    The next World Congress of Bioethics will be held in Doha, Qatar. Although this location provides opportunities to interact with a more culturally diverse audience, to advance dialogue between cultures and religions, offer opportunities for mutual learning, there are also huge moral concerns. Qatar is known for violations of human rights ‐ including the treatment of migrant workers and the rights of women ‐ corruption, criminalization of LGBTQI+ persons, and climate impact. Since these concerns are also key (bio)ethical concern we (...)
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  30.  44
    Experts’ moral views on gene drive technologies: a qualitative interview study.Annelien L. Bredenoord, Karin R. Jongsma & N. de Graeff - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-15.
    BackgroundGene drive technologies (GDTs) promote the rapid spread of a particular genetic element within a population of non-human organisms. Potential applications of GDTs include the control of insect vectors, invasive species and agricultural pests. Whether, and if so, under what conditions, GDTs should be deployed is hotly debated. Although broad stances in this debate have been described, the convictions that inform the moral views of the experts shaping these technologies and related policies have not been examined in depth in the (...)
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  31. The Ethical Aspects of Exposome Research: A Systematic Review.Caspar Safarlou, Karin R. Jongsma, Roel Vermeulen & Annelien L. Bredenoord - 2023 - Exposome 3 (1):osad004.
    In recent years, exposome research has been put forward as the next frontier for the study of human health and disease. Exposome research entails the analysis of the totality of environmental exposures and their corresponding biological responses within the human body. Increasingly, this is operationalized by big-data approaches to map the effects of internal as well as external exposures using smart sensors and multiomics technologies. However, the ethical implications of exposome research are still only rarely discussed in the literature. Therefore, (...)
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  32.  24
    Inclusion by Invitation Only? Public Engagement beyond Deliberation in the Governance of Innovative Biotechnology.Callum Gunn & Karin Jongsma - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (12):79-82.
    From their interpretation of the Australian Citizens’ Jury on genome editing, Scheinerman (2023) concludes that inclusive and diverse deliberative processes of public engagement have salient benefi...
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  33.  37
    Heidegger, Afropessimism, and the Harlem Renaissance: An Interview with Calvin Warren.Calvin Warren, Michelle E. Banks, Robert Savino Oventile & Yuliana Samson - 2022 - Diacritics 50 (2):112-121.
    Abstract:Calvin Warren talks about Heidegger's influence on Afropessimism, and about the philosophical significance of the Harlem Renaissance.
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  34.  76
    National Standards for Public Involvement in Research: missing the forest for the trees.Matthew S. McCoy, Karin Rolanda Jongsma, Phoebe Friesen, Michael Dunn, Carolyn Plunkett Neuhaus, Leah Rand & Mark Sheehan - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (12):801-804.
    Biomedical research funding bodies across Europe and North America increasingly encourage—and, in some cases, require—investigators to involve members of the public in funded research. Yet there remains a striking lack of clarity about what ‘good’ or ‘successful’ public involvement looks like. In an effort to provide guidance to investigators and research organisations, representatives of several key research funding bodies in the UK recently came together to develop the National Standards for Public Involvement in Research. The Standards have critical implications for (...)
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  35.  38
    Response to our reviewers.Juan Manuel Durán & Karin Rolanda Jongsma - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (7):514-514.
    We would like to thank the authors of the commentaries for their critical appraisal of our feature article, Who is afraid of black box algorithms?1 Their comments, suggestions and concerns are various, and we are glad that our article contributes to the academic debate about the ethical and epistemic conditions for medical Explanatory AI. We would like to bring to attention a few issues that are common worries across reviewers. Most prominently are the merits of computational reliabilism —in particular, when (...)
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  36.  32
    William H. Calvin , "memory's future," psychology today 34(2):55ff.William Calvin - manuscript
    Psychology's fascination with memory and its imperfections dates back further than we can remember. The first careful experimental studies of memory were published in 1885 by German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus, and tens of thousands of memory studies have been conducted since. What has been learned, and what might the future of memory be?
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  37.  25
    Governing Gene Drive Technologies: A Qualitative Interview Study.N. de Graeff, Karin R. Jongsma, Jeantine E. Lunshof & Annelien L. Bredenoord - 2022 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 13 (2):107-124.
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  38. Reconceptualizing and Defining Exposomics within Environmental Health: Expanding the Scope of Health Research.Caspar Safarlou, Karin R. Jongsma & Roel Vermeulen - 2024 - Environmental Health Perspectives 132 (9):095001.
    Background: Exposomics, the study of the exposome, is flourishing, but the field is not well defined. The term “exposome” refers to all environmental influences and associated biological responses throughout the lifespan. However, this definition is very similar to that of the term “environment”—the external elements and conditions that surround and affect the life and development of an organism. Consequently, the exposome seems to be nothing more than a synonym for the environment, and exposomics a synonym for environmental research. As a (...)
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  39. Scientists’ Views on (Moral) Luck.Martin Sand & Karin Jongsma - forthcoming - Journal of Responsible Innovation:1-22.
    Scientific discoveries are often to some degree influenced by luck. Whether luck’s influence is at odds with common-sense intuitions about responsibility, is the central concern of the philosophical debate about moral luck. Do scientists acknowledge that luck plays a role in their work and – if so – do they consider it morally problematic? The present article discusses the results of four focus groups with scientists, who were asked about their views on luck in their fields and its moral implications. (...)
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  40. The Cerebral Symphony: Seashore Reflections on the Structure of Consciousness.William H. Calvin - 1989 - New York: Bantam.
    Neurobiologist William Calvin explores the human brain, positing that the neurons in the brain operate in an accelerated version of biological evolution, evolving ideas through random variations and selections, and supports his hypothesis with numerous ca.
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  41.  61
    Autism, autonomy, and authenticity.Elisabeth M. A. Späth & Karin R. Jongsma - 2020 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 23 (1):73-80.
    Autonomy of people on the autism-spectrum has only been very rarely conceptually explored. Autism spectrum is commonly considered a hetereogenous disorder, and typically described as a behaviorally-defined neurodevelopmental disorder associated with the presence of social-communication deficits and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Autism research mainly focuses on the behavior of autistic people and ways to teach them skills that are in line with social norms. Interventions such as therapies are being justified with the assumption that autists lack the capacity to be (...)
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  42.  33
    Death in Advance? A critique of the “Zombification” of people with dementia.Mark Schweda & Karin Jongsma - 2022 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 44 (3):1-13.
    This contribution sets out to criticize the prominent metaphor of “death while alive” in the context of dementia. We first explain the historical origin and development as well as the philosophical premises of the image. We then take a closer look at its implications for understanding dementia and societal attitudes and behaviours towards those affected. In doing so, we adopt a life course perspective that seeks to account for the ethical significance of the temporal extension and structure of human life. (...)
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  43.  38
    ‚Rückkehr in die Kindheit‘ oder ‚Tod bei lebendigem Leib‘? Ethische Aspekte der Altersdemenz in der Perspektive des Lebensverlaufs.Mark Schweda & Karin Jongsma - 2018 - Zeitschrift für Praktische Philosophie 5 (1):181-206.
    Unsere Sicht der Demenz ist von kulturellen Metaphern geprägt. Sie ziehen Analogien zu vertrauten Erfahrungsbereichen und eröffnen so ein Verständnis von einem ansonsten schwer fassbaren und letzten Endes unergründlichen Geschehen. In zeitgenössischen Diskursen über die Demenz spielen insbesondere zwei biographische Metaphern eine maßgebliche Rolle: die der,Rückkehr in die Kindheit‘ und die des,Todes bei lebendigem Leib‘. Der Beitrag unterzieht beide Vorstellungen einer kritischen Reflexion. Er erläutert zunächst die kulturgeschichtliche Herkunft und Bedeutung der Kindheits- und Todesmetapher. Im Anschluss geht er ihren Implikationen (...)
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  44.  24
    Alleviating the burden of malaria with gene drive technologies? A biocentric analysis of the moral permissibility of modifying malaria mosquitoes.Nienke de Graeff, Karin Rolanda Jongsma & Annelien L. Bredenoord - 2023 - Journal of Medical Ethics 49 (11):765-771.
    Gene drive technologies (GDTs) have been proposed as a potential new way to alleviate the burden of malaria, yet have also raised ethical questions. A central ethical question regarding GDTs relates to whether it is morally permissible to intentionally modify or eradicate mosquitoes in this way and how the inherent worth of humans and non-human organisms should be factored into determining this. Existing analyses of this matter have thus far generally relied on anthropocentric and zoocentric perspectives and rejected an individualist (...)
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  45.  42
    Connexins in mammalian heart function.Daniel B. Gros & Habo J. Jongsma - 1996 - Bioessays 18 (9):719-730.
    In heart, the propagation of electrical activity is mediated by intercellular channels, referred to as junctional channels, aggregated into gap junctions and localised between myocytes. These channels consist of structurally related transmembrane proteins, the connexins, three of which (CX43, CX40 and CX45) have been shown to be associated with the myocytes of mammalian heart; a fourth, CX37, was detected exclusively in endothelial cells. In this paper, we review the recent data dealing with the topographical heterogeneity of expression of these connexins (...)
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  46.  32
    Why Neural Determinism is Not Real Determinism and Why Mental States Cannot Act.Martin Sand & Karin Jongsma - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 7 (4):205-207.
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  47.  20
    ER contact sites direct late endosome transport.Ruud H. Wijdeven, Marlieke L. M. Jongsma, Jacques Neefjes & Ilana Berlin - 2015 - Bioessays 37 (12):1298-1302.
    Endosomes shuttle select cargoes between cellular compartments and, in doing so, maintain intracellular homeostasis and enable interactions with the extracellular space. Directionality of endosomal transport critically impinges on cargo fate, as retrograde (microtubule minus‐end directed) traffic delivers vesicle contents to the lysosome for proteolysis, while the opposing anterograde (plus‐end directed) movement promotes recycling and secretion. Intriguingly, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is emerging as a key player in spatiotemporal control of late endosome and lysosome transport, through the establishment of physical contacts (...)
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  48. Is Buddhism without rebirth ‘nihilism with a happy face’?Calvin Baker - 2024 - Analysis 84 (4):701–710.
    I argue against pessimistic readings of the Buddhist tradition on which unawakened beings invariably have lives not worth living due to a preponderance of suffering (duḥkha) over well-being.
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  49.  15
    Ontological Terror: Blackness, Nihilism, and Emancipation.Calvin L. Warren - 2018 - Duke University Press.
    In _Ontological Terror_ Calvin L. Warren intervenes in Afro-pessimism, Heideggerian metaphysics, and black humanist philosophy by positing that the "Negro question" is intimately imbricated with questions of Being. Warren uses the figure of the antebellum free black as a philosophical paradigm for thinking through the tensions between blackness and Being. He illustrates how blacks embody a metaphysical nothing. This nothingness serves as a destabilizing presence and force as well as that which whiteness defines itself against. Thus, the function of (...)
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  50.  89
    A Personalized Patient Preference Predictor for Substituted Judgments in Healthcare: Technically Feasible and Ethically Desirable.Brian D. Earp, Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Jemima Allen, Sabine Salloch, Vynn Suren, Karin Jongsma, Matthias Braun, Dominic Wilkinson, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Annette Rid, David Wendler & Julian Savulescu - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (7):13-26.
    When making substituted judgments for incapacitated patients, surrogates often struggle to guess what the patient would want if they had capacity. Surrogates may also agonize over having the (sole) responsibility of making such a determination. To address such concerns, a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) has been proposed that would use an algorithm to infer the treatment preferences of individual patients from population-level data about the known preferences of people with similar demographic characteristics. However, critics have suggested that even if such (...)
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