Durante años, el estudio de la retórica ha incluido figuras que permiten el análisis de la poesía, como también, la creación diversificada según los múltiples estilos. Al respecto, en este artículo, se extraerá la propuesta fundamentada por Stefano Arduini, quien establece la noción de campo figurativo, como un ordenador de lineamientos subjetivos, propios del raciocinio, de la que se infieren seis subclasificaciones: la metáfora, la metonimia, la sinécdoque, la elipsis, la antítesis y la redundancia, además de los tropos internos que (...) las componen. Ante ello, se recurrirá a los planteamientos elaborados por los críticos y los teóricos de la Literatura para la confrontación hermenéutica que configuran estos conceptos difundidos por la poesía. Los autores a los que se recurrirán son Aristóteles con Retórica, Marco Fabio Quintiliano con Instituciones oratorias (1887), Pierre Fontanier con Les figures du discours (1977), George Lakoff y Mark Johnson con Metáforas de la vida cotidiana (1995), Jacques Lacan (1998), Stefano Arduini (2000), Oldřich Bĕlič (2000), Tomás Albaladejo (2008) y Camilo Rubén Fernández Cozman (2010). (shrink)

La entrevista al doctor Camilo Fernández Cozman se realizó el 19 de julio de 2021, a 9 días del 28 de julio, fecha en la que se conmemora la Independencia del Perú.

Este artículo toma como referencia los poemas «¿No hay salida?» y «El río» de La estación violenta (1958), para demostrar que esta obra literaria inserta el pensamiento reflexivo de que la humanidad debe priorizar sus proyectos personales, preservarlos y desarrollarlos en medida de lo posible. Esta orientación ideológica del autor será comprobada a través de la interpretación retórica de este objeto de análisis, que es válida desde la taxonomía de los tipos de metáfora. Esta propuesta teórica fue formulada por George (...) Lakoff y Mark Johnson en su libro Metáforas de la vida cotidiana (1995) y ha sido estudiada rigurosamente por el investigador Camilo Fernández Cozman. Entre sus planteamientos, el que se empleará es el que busca la distinción y la articulación de megametáforas (nociones generales que, a la vez, conforman las metáforas orientacionales, ontológicas y estructurales) y metáforas específicas (nociones particulares que se derivan de las megametáforas). Este trabajo tiene la finalidad de que se argumente con propiedad epistemológica el quehacer literario del escritor mexicano Octavio Paz. De la misma manera, se confrontan los conceptos de interlocutores y cosmovisión como respaldo para afianzar esa peculiar direccionalidad ideológica del poemario. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo confrontar la cosmovisión de Octavio Paz, desde la configuración ominosa que le atribuye al hombre y la sugerencia inferida por conllevar su tránsito óptimo de una suspensión o un truncamiento al dinamismo o la concretización de proyectos y utopías. Esa interpretación literaria se desarrolla de «Máscaras del alba» y «Repaso nocturno» de su poemario La estación violenta (1958). Para demostrar esa condensación autoral y comprender su intención, añado la epistemología de Stefano Arduini en función de (...) los campos figurativos que son de utilidad como sistema organizativo de los tropos y que se rigen de pensamientos metafórico, sinecdóquico, metonímico, elíptico, antitético y repetitivo, según cada caso. Esta taxonomía ha sido estudiada por el crítico Camilo Fernández Cozman, quien incorpora para un análisis más fructuoso la intervención de los interlocutores que participan en el discurso lírico. (shrink)

En el siguiente artículo, realizo un análisis literario en dos poemas de Consejero del lobo (1965), del escritor peruano Rodolfo Hinostroza, con la intención de que se apliquen los conceptos desarrollados por George Lakoff y Mark Johnson (investigados y trabajados por el crítico Camilo Fernández Cozman) en función de la tipología de las metáforas, que se compone de las vertientes orientacionales, ontológicas y estructurales, las cuales se infieren luego de un proceso de abstracción e identificación de nociones (...) macro (a través de las megametáforas) y significantes micro (mediante metáforas específicas). Asimismo, se explicarán las funciones de otros elementos que intervienen en este estudio, como el reconocimiento de los interlocutores, la cosmovisión que plantea el yo poético y la interdiscursividad. El objetivo de esta investigación es instaurar teóricamente los lineamientos que posibiliten la interpretación lírica de las figuras retóricas derivadas de la clasificación referida. (shrink)

In this paper we compare the thesis of underdetermination of theories with the thesis of indeterminacy of translation. Drawing upon this comparison, we argue that, in the context of Quine’s philosophy, the thesis of indeterminacy of translation can only be maintained if it is taken as establishing an indeterminacy in the logical form of sentences. Consequently, we contend that Quine lacks a solid argument for indeterminacy of translation.

Childhood obesity, linked to a sedentary lifestyle and an unbalanced diet, is one of the main problems in today’s Western societies. In this sense, the aim of the study was to analyze students’ perceived satisfaction in physical education classes with learning strategies and engagement in learning and critical thinking as determinants of healthy lifestyle habits. The study involved 2,439 high school students aged 12–18 years (M= 14.66,SD= 1.78). Structural equation modeling was conducted to analyze the predictive relationships between the study (...) variables. The results showed that teaching, teaching mastery, and cognitive development are precursors to deep thinking on the part of students, indicators of the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. These results reflect the importance of the methodology adopted by the teacher in order to positively influence the students’ habits. (shrink)

Este ensayo recorre la historia de la mentira. Un curioso e interesante itinerario por distintas épocas en las que el engaño, el disimulo y la verdad manipulada describen el devenir y la cotidianeidad de las sociedades humanas. Desde el principio, la mentira se convierte en un acto social, por tanto en una práctica que se transforma con las modas y circunstancias históricas. El ser humano necesita de la verdad y de la ficción para vivir. Lo difícil es saber distinguir una (...) de otra sin perderse por el camino.This essay crosses the history of the lie. A curious and interesting itinerary in different epochs in which the deception, the dissimulation and the manipulated truth describe to develop and the ordinariness of the human societies. From the beginning, the lie turns into a social act, therefore into a practice that transforms with the modes and historical circumstances. The human being needs from the truth and from the fiction to live. The difficult thing is to be able to distinguish one of other one without getting lost for the way. (shrink)

__Cultural Studies and Education_ is a timely introduction to cultural studies and the ways in which it can enrich both education scholarship and practice._ An extensive field that in the last few decades has transformed many academic disciplines, cultural studies has yet to be fully considered by educators and education scholars. Cultural Studies and Education redresses this great shortcoming, bringing cultural studies and its implications for education to the fore. The book aims to serve three main purposes. First, it is (...) an introduction for educators and education researchers to some of the most important theoretical debates and analytic frameworks that have shaped the field of cultural studies. Second, it offers an introduction to and examples of three important areas of inquiry in which education and cultural studies overlap: gender and queer studies; postcolonial and ethnic studies; and popular culture and youth studies. Third, it illustrates how education scholars have dealt with the conceptual challenges of cultural studies and how education offers unique perspectives and contributions to the broader debates in the field.". (shrink)

Reflecting the current turn in curriculum work that underscores the relationship between theory and practice, this volume brings together the voices of curriculum theorists working within academic setting and practitioners working in schools and other educational settings. The book traces their collaborative work, challenging the assumption that practitioners should be only consumers of the theory produced by academics. Thus, this collection engages readers in the complicated conversation about the relationship between theory and practice, between theoreticians and practitioners. Although every author (...) is, to some degree, a practitioner as well as a theorist, their collaboration emerges from the particular positions and identification that each assumes in the practice of their craft. From working with homeless youth to deepening one's personal commitment to antiracist pedagogy in schools, each author's experience implodes the false binary of the theory/practice dichotomy, illuminating a different dimension of the challenges therein. (shrink)

En este trabajo estudiaremos la presencia de imágenes hagiográficas que se pueden considerar ajenas al ciclo de la Pasión de Cristo en las procesiones penitenciales españolas a lo largo de la historia, deteniéndonos fundamentalmente en aquellas que por méritos propios han sido merecedores de presidir un paso procesional en solitario.

Roger Penrose formuló en 1989 un argumento contra la IA. Dicho argumento concluye que la explicación científico-matemática de la realidad es más amplia que la meramente computacional, porque existen ciertos aspectos de la realidad no-computables. Este artículo analiza dicho argumento y la discusión al respecto, para concluir que el tipo de argumento que quiere desarrollar Penrose está viciado de raíz, lo que impide llegar a las conclusiones deseadas. A la vez se sostiene la validez filosófica de sus conclusiones y se (...) apunta a la idea de no-localidad como consistente al hablar sobre la conciencia. (shrink)

This collection of groundbreaking studies breaks with the tradition of gauging inequality by looking 'down' at at-risk or poverty-disadvantaged schools and shifts the gaze of inquiry 'up' toward the experiences of privilege in educational environments characterized by wealth and the abundance of material resources.

Tras el inesperado fallecimiento de la reina María de las Mercedes de Orleans el 26 de junio de 1878, las muestras de dolor y respeto se vivieron tanto dentro como fuera del Reino. De especial importancia fueron las exequias y el aparataje simbólico que la Colonia Española de Ciudad de México ofreció por el descanso de la reina en el templo de la Profesa de la capital mexicana. El objetivo de este trabajo, es analizar los valores artísticos e iconográficos de (...) las decoraciones efímeras realizadas en Ciudad de México, con motivo del fallecimiento de la esposa de Alfonso XII. (shrink)

Este repertorio registra los artículos sobre Platón que se encuentran en la Hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Central de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. El listado abarca las publicaciones existentes hasta el primer semestre del año 2000.

Es reseña de:Federico Fernández-Crehuet López: Hegel bajo la esvástica. La filosofía jurídica de Karl Larenz y Julius Binder, Granada, Comares, 2017, 126 páginas. Federico Fernández-Crehuet López: El Leviathan franquista. Notas sobre la teoría del Estado bajo la Dictadura, Granada, Comares, 2017, 98 páginas.

Accurate measurement of livestock weight is a primary indicator in the meat industry to increase the economic gain. In lambs, the weight of a live animal is still usually estimated manually using traditional scales, resulting in a tedious process for the experienced assessor and stressful for the animal. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem using computer vision techniques; thus, the proposed procedure estimates the weight of a lamb by analysing its zenithal image without interacting with the (...) animal, which speeds up the process and reduces weighing costs. It is based on a data-driven decision support system that uses RGB-D machine vision techniques and regression models. Unlike existing methods, it does not require walk-over-weighing platforms or special and expensive infrastructures. The proposed method includes a decision support system that automatically rejects those images that are not appropriate to estimate the lamb weight. After determining the body contour of the lamb, we compute several features that feed different regression models. Best results were achieved with Extra Tree Regression ($R^{2}$=91.94%), outperforming the existing techniques. Using only an image, the proposed approach can identify with a minimum error the optimal weight of a lamb to be slaughtered, so as to maximise the economic profit. (shrink)

Este trabajo indaga las resemantizaciones del mito de Venus en tres poetas latinoamericanos: Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío y José Lezama Lima teniendo en cuenta la intertextualidad y las poéticas correspondientes. This paper analyses the Venus myth appropiation into the poetry of Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío and José Lezama Lima considering their poetry and intertextuality.

Este trabajo indaga las resemantizaciones del mito de Venus en tres poetas latinoamericanos: Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío y José Lezama Lima teniendo en cuenta la intertextualidad y las poéticas correspondientes. This paper analyses the Venus myth appropiation into the poetry of Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío and José Lezama Lima considering their poetry and intertextuality.

Este trabajo indaga las resemantizaciones del mito de Venus en tres poetas latinoamericanos: Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío y José Lezama Lima teniendo en cuenta la intertextualidad y las poéticas correspondientes. This paper analyses the Venus myth appropiation into the poetry of Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío and José Lezama Lima considering their poetry and intertextuality.

El presente trabajo analiza los poemas «III» y «XXVIII» de Trilce (1922) del escritor peruano César Vallejo, considerando que su temática aborda la composición idealizada de la familia desde una posición desfavorable para el yo poético y que, al establecerse de esa manera, logra la perlocución en el lector (lo persuade y lo convence de una realidad específica). Esta configuración semántica se demuestra mediante el análisis del discurso retórico, investigado por C. Fernández Cozman, que adopta los postulados de (...) G. Lakoff y M. Johnson, que recurren a conceptos macro (megametáforas) y micro (metáforas específicas), imprescindibles para la formación de la clasificación tipológica, dispuesta en metáforas orientacionales, ontológicas y estructurales. Igualmente, se confronta con planteamientos asociados, como los de los interlocutores, la cosmovisión y la interdiscursividad. (shrink)

This book is about some topical philosophical and methodological prob lems that arise in the study of behavior and mind, as well as in the treatment of behavioral and mental disorders. It deals with such questions as 'What is behavior a manifestation of?', 'What is mind, and how is it related to matter?', 'Which are the positive legacies, if any, of the major psychological schools?', 'How can behavior and mind best be studied?', and 'Which are the most effective ways of (...) modifying behavioral and mental processes?' These questions and their kin cannot be avoided in the long run because they fuel the daily search for better hypotheses, experimental designs, techniques, and treatments. They also occur in the critical examination of data and theories, as well as methods for the treatment of behavioral and mental disorders. All students of human or animal, normal or abnormal behavior and mind, whether their main concern is basic or applied, theoretical or em pirical, admit more or less tacitly to a large number of general philosophi cal and methodological principles. (shrink)

_Elite Education – International Perspectives_ is the first book to systematically examine elite education in different parts of the world. Authors provide a historical analysis of the emergence of national elite education systems and consider how recent policy and economic developments are changing the configuration of elite trajectories and the social groups benefiting from these. Through country-level case studies, this book offers readers an in-depth account of elite education systems in the Anglophone world, in Europe and in the emerging financial (...) centres of Africa, Asia and Latin America. A series of commentaries highlight commonalities and differences between elite education systems, and offer insights into broader theoretical issues, with which educationalists, researchers and policy makers are engaging. With authors including Stephen J. Ball, Donald Broady, Rubén Gaztambide-Fernández, Heinz-Hermann Krüger, Maria Alice Nogueira, Julia Resnik and Agnès van Zanten, _t_he book offers a benchmark perspective on issues frequently glossed over in comparative education, including the processes by which powerful groups retain privilege and ‘elite’ status in rapidly changing societies. Elite Education – International Perspectives will appeal to policy makers and academics in the fields of education and sociology. Simultaneously it will be of special relevance to post-graduates enrolled on courses in the sociology of education, education policy, and education and international development. (shrink)

The World Health Organization has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19. In response, most affected countries have enacted measures involving compulsory confinement and restrictions on free movement, which likely influence citizens' lifestyles. This study investigates changes in health risk behaviors with duration of confinement. An online cross-sectional survey served to collect data about the Spanish adult population regarding health behaviors during the first 3 weeks of confinement. A large sample of participants from all Spanish regions completed the survey. Binomial (...) logistic regressions adjusted for socioeconomic characteristics, body mass index, previous HRBs, and confinement context were conducted to investigate associations between the number of weeks confined and a set of six HRBs. When adjusted, we observed significantly lower odds of experiencing a higher number of HRBs than before confinement overall in a time-dependent fashion: OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.49–0.81 for the second and OR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.36–0.61 for the third week of confinement. These results were equally consistent in all age and gender subgroup analyses. The present study indicates that changes toward a higher number of HRBs than before confinement, as well as the prevalence of each HRB except screen exposure, decreased during the first 3 weeks of COVID-19 confinement, and thus the Spanish adult population may have adapted to the new situational context by gradually improving their health behaviors. (shrink)

Insight experiences are sudden, persuasive, and can accompany valuable new ideas in science and art. In this preregistered experiment, we aim to validate a novel visceral and continuous measure of insight problem solving and to test whether real-time and embodied feelings of insight can predict correct solutions. We report several findings. Consistent with recent work, we find a strong positive relationship between Aha moments and accuracy for problems that demand implicit processing. We also found that the intensity of the insight (...) experience further predicted the accuracy of solutions and participants naturally embodied the intensity of their insight experiences by squeezing the dynamometer more tightly. Intriguingly, this unintentional embodiment further predicted the accuracy of solutions. We suggest that the dynamometer complements previous measures by (1) simultaneously capturing both process and feeling in real-time, (2) highlights the value of measuring Aha moments on a continuum of intensity, and (3) firmly establishes that the impulsive feeling of Aha can carry information about the veracity of an idea. We discuss the findings in light of a recent theoretical account of how feelings of insight may act as a heuristic to select ideas from the stream of consciousness. (shrink)

This paper analyzes concepts of independence and assumptions of convexity in the theory of sets of probability distributions. The starting point is Kyburg and Pittarelli’s discussion of “convex Bayesianism” (in particular their proposals concerning E-admissibility, independence, and convexity). The paper offers an organized review of the literature on independence for sets of probability distributions; new results on graphoid properties and on the justification of “strong independence” (using exchangeability) are presented. Finally, the connection between Kyburg and Pittarelli’s results and recent developments (...) on the axiomatization of non-binary preferences, and its impact on “complete” independence, are described. (shrink)

This research extends previous findings related to the positive influence of company credibility on a social Cause–Brand Alliance’s (CBA) persuasion mechanism. This study analyzes the mediating role of two dimensions of company credibility (trustworthiness and expertise) with regard to the influence of altruistic attributions and two types of brand–cause fit (functional and image fit) on corporate social responsibility image. A structural equation model tests the proposed framework with a sample of 299 consumers, and the results suggest that (1) image fit (...) and altruistic attribution are cues that consumers use to evaluate company trustworthiness when linking to a social cause; (2) functional fit significantly influences perceived company expertise but not trustworthiness; and (3) trustworthiness has more weight than expertise in judgments about corporate social responsibility. (shrink)

A meta-analysis was conducted to compare perceptions of Duchenne smiles, smiles that include activation of the cheek raiser muscle that creates crow's feet around the eyes, with perceptions of non-Duchenne smiles, smiles without cheek raiser activation. In addition to testing the overall effect, moderator analyses were conducted to test how methodological, stimulus-specific and perceiver-specific differences between studies predicted the overall effect size. The meta-analysis found that, overall, Duchenne smiles and people producing Duchenne smiles are rated more positively (i.e., authentic, genuine, (...) real, attractive, trustworthy) than non-Duchenne smiles and people producing non-Duchenne smiles. The difference between Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles was greater when the stimuli were videos rather than photographs, when smiles were elicited naturally rather than through posing paradigms and when Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles were not matched for intensity of the lip corner puller in addition to other perceiver and methodological moderators. (shrink)

Citizenship regimes are institutionalized systems of formal and informal norms that define access to membership, as well as associated rights and duties. This paper studies illegalized migration as one of the major tests to assess whether citizenship regimes are fair institutions, based on a historical analysis of legislation meant to reduce illegalized migration in the United States between 1995 and 2022. We build our empirical research starting from a simple observation: despite the great number of bills introduced to reduce illegalized (...) migration to the US, most of such initiatives fail to become law. In fact, 93.5% of all immigration initiatives did not even pass the chamber of Congress in which they were originally presented. Such a high rate of failure shows that these proposals are motivated by electoral aspirations, rather than coming from a genuine wish to help migrants or grant them citizenship. Furthermore, there is also an economic interest that justifies the maintenance of low-cost disposable immigrant labor, with no right to citizenship. Our analysis is an example of how state regulation processes seem to work to formalize, rather than alleviate or eradicate, the precarious legal statuses of illegalized migrants. We conclude that a globalized phenomenon such as citizenship requires going beyond merely institutional and formal conceptions. We need to rethink the institutional notion of citizenship, as a merely status held under the authority of a state and consider it from a cosmopolitan perspective and a multilateral basis. But as long as citizenship remains under the responsibility of states, illegalized migrants will continue to experience precarious citizenship. (shrink)

After discussing the transformation of age-old agricultural practices that has been occurring since the mid nineteenth century, and its impact on the natural environment, I identify four features of technology that point to the ambiguity of the idea of "technological progress". These are linked to the intrinsic unpredictability of technological applications and have implications for evaluating technological risks. I then show that large scale technological applications and innovations - such as expanding the practice of smallpox inoculation in the second half (...) of the eighteenth century - occur in states of 'technological exception'. In them, values are suspended and rules, limits and security norms are absent; and, in the face of risks, losses and harm to health and environment that are occasioned by technological applications introduced in the name of economical progress , normal social inhibitions become suspended in the name of furthering the values of capital and market. In addition, I show that maintaining technological exception has favored, on the one hand, the development by large corporations of antiscientific practices that threaten the moral integrity of science by impeding the proper use of the scientific method for evaluating the consequences of using technologies that are protected by patents; and, on the other hand, under the cover of ignorance, continued deterioration of the environment that threatens the very survival of the human species. (shrink)

The perception of being located within one’s body is an essential feature of everyday self-experience. However, by manipulating exteroceptive input, healthy participants can easily be induced to perceive themselves as being spatially dislocated from their physical bodies. It has previously been suggested that interoception, i.e., the processing of inner physiological signals, contributes to the stability of body representations; however, this relationship has not previously been tested for different dimensions of interoception and bodily self-location. In the present study, using an advanced (...) automatized setup, we systematically manipulated participants’ perspective of their own body as well as the synchrony of visuotactile stimulation. The malleability of bodily self-location was assessed using a questionnaire targeting in-body and out-of-body experiences. Participants also performed a heartbeat discrimination task to assess their interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and interoceptive awareness. Bodily self-location was significantly influenced by perspective, with third-person perspective being associated with stronger out-of-body experiences compared to first-person perspective. Furthermore, there was a significant perspective × stimulation interaction, with subsequent analyses showing that participants reported out-of-body experiences particularly under third-person perspective combined with synchronous visuotactile stimulation. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that meta-cognitive interoceptive awareness was specifically and negatively related to the exteroceptively mediated malleability of body experiences. These results indicate that the perception of the self being located within one’s body relies on the interaction of exteroceptive input and higher-order interoceptive abilities. This has implications for theoretical considerations about the bodily self in health as well as for the understanding of disturbed bodily self-processing in clinical contexts. (shrink)