En celebración de sus 50 años de vida, las socias y socios de SADAF participaron de dos instancias de encuentro. Una, que ya es tradición institucional, tuvo como objetivo favorecer el diálogo y la discusión de trabajos de investigación en curso entre profesionales de diferentes campos de la filosofía. La otra, que presentamos en este volumen, es en alguna medida novedosa para SADAF y pretendió promover tanto una revisión crítica como un diálogo intergeneracional, si se quiere, a través de (...) la relectura de artículos publicados en Análisis Filosófico desde su primer número. La fecha de programación de ambas instancias de encuentro era muy significativa por el “peso cultural del sistema decimal” (como solía decir con humor Gregorio Klimovsky): se cumplía medio siglo desde la fundación de SADAF en 1972. La ocasión ameritaba revisitar la “tradición” institucional y al propio tiempo enfocar en conjunto su presente y futuro. (shrink)

Cet article se propose d’expliquer l’évolution du Sigillum aeternitatis de Heymeric de Campo grâce à une présentation chronologique de ses ouvrages. Pour ce faire, seront d’abord étudiés les diagrammes décrits dans le De sigillo aeternitatis et le De potestate ecclesiastica. Ensuite, seront analysés le diagramme conservé dans le Codex 264 de l’abbaye de Tongerlo et la description fournie dans l’ Opus circa speculare enigma uniuersi, sigillum eternitatis authentice appellatum, dont l’édition est actuellement en cours.

Environmental protection is not just about big media and political campaigns. There is a silent public that has begun to change attitudes, rescue old habits and adapt them to different areas of this globalized world . A cultural change where the reuse of discarded objects, through craft and educational activities serves to launch a series of links and social ties. Studying the recycling of plastic bags, anthropology can restore those curious organizational processes, social practices, visible only from field work continued.

The Tractatus de philosophica interpretatione sacrae Scripturae contains nine lectures taught at the University of Leuven in 1435. In the first lesson, Heymericus develops a threefold classification of mystical, symbolic and philosophical theology. This scheme is modified in the epilogue, where symbolical theology has the lowest level of the three categories. This paper provides a description of the doctrinal structure of the treatise in order to explain the epistemological inconsistency between the two passages.

Este texto apresenta alguns aspectos significativos que marcaram o processo de formação dos assistentes sociais do Curso de Serviço Social de Tubarão, Santa Catarina. Através da análise de sua trajetória, evidenciamos as lutas instauradas e as relações estabelecidas com o campo do poder, as quais estão associadas à trajetória do referido curso.

RESUMEN Las investigaciones en el campo de la teoría de la comunicación apuntan a que en la actualidad el proceso es, desde lo social, una vía para el logro de las relaciones interpersonales y posee sus potencialidades estratégicas para la construcción social y cultural del hombre. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para el acercamiento inicial al estudio de las temáticas de la comunicación social en salud y la prevención de enfermedades en la comunidad. Por ello el objetivo del presente trabajo (...) estriba en establecer los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan el estudio de las relaciones entre la comunicación en salud y la concreción del trabajo preventivo desde la comunidad. Se defiende que la comunicación social en salud promueve el diálogo y el intercambio de información y es un componente imprescindible de todos los servicios de salud. ABSTRACT Research on the theoretical basis of communication point to the fact that nowadays, the process is, from a social point of view, a means of achieving interpersonal relationships and it has strategic potential toward men’s social and cultural construction. A bibliographic review was carried out in order to approach the study of subject matters related to social communication in health and disease prevention in the community. Therefore, this paper aims at stablishing the theoretical basis that support the study of the relationship between communication in health and the implementation of precautionary work from the community. It is defended that social communication in health promotes dialogue and information exchange and it is an essential element in all health services. (shrink)

Actualmente, somos integrantes de la Red de Educadores Matemáticos Críticos (REDUMAC) y encontramos relevante, estudiar los caminos transitados, los desafíos que hemos asumido con la intención de transformar las prácticas matemáticas desde la escuela, así como hacer evidente las posibilidades de nuestra apuesta teórica, metodológica y las formas de trabajo como colectivo de maestros. Este colectivo surge del interés y preocupación de profesionales en educación por continuar la formación que habíamos puesto en marcha desde el desarrollo de nuestros trabajos de (...) grado de maestría bajo perspectivas sociopolíticas y de la política cultural de la educación matemática retomando inicialmente postulados de la Educación Matemática Crítica (EMC). El desarrollo de las prácticas pedagógicas propuestas que hemos gestado ha girado en torno al diseño de escenarios de aprendizaje y de ambientes de modelación matemática. Sustentados en estas ideas teóricas, REDUMAC busca generar espacios desde los cuales los profesores continuemos profundizando y reflexionando las ideas que trabajamos en nuestras investigaciones, encontrando intereses comunes con otros compañeros. De esta manera, buscamos posicionarnos y actuar críticamente en nuestro rol como profesores e investigadores desde el campo de la educación matemática para pensar y reflexionar sobre las problemáticas que vinculan la escuela, la universidad y la sociedad. Nuestro objetivo es continuar consolidándonos como red y como espacio de formación continuada de profesores, desde un proceso autónomo que surge de los propios intereses de sus participantes, y que quiere vincular a más profesores e investigadores del país que tengan esas mismas intencionalidades. Con este escrito, buscamos no solo invitar a la comunidad a poner en discusión esta preocupación, sino dar a conocer la experiencia en formación continuada de profesores de matemáticas que hemos venido explorando, construyendo y consolidando desde espacios de autoformación. Para lograrlo, hacemos un proceso reflexivo y de autoconocimiento para identificar los caminos que hemos transitado, las posibilidades y los retos que venimos asumiendo desde nuestro trabajo colaborativo, buscando otros mundos posibles que vinculen la educación matemática y la realidad social de nuestro país. De esta manera, iniciamos el artículo con un apartado en el cual argumentamos la relevancia de retomar el camino de REDUMAC, posteriormente, reconstruimos en detalle nuestra historia, y en un tercer apartado, profundizamos en las estrategias de trabajo que hacen particular a este colectivo de maestros. Para finalizar, relatamos los caminos recorridos, los logros alcanzados, los aprendizajes construidos, las posibilidades que encontramos a futuro para nuestro colectivo y para iniciativas que se puedan gestar en estas líneas. (shrink)

Nos proponemos indagar la recepción de la Ilustración en Friedrich Nietzsche. Encontramos en sus escritos publicados y póstumos no solo una evaluación o balance crítico de los alcances de este movimiento en sus distintas expresiones, sino también el ensayo de continuar con algunas de sus tareas, a partir de una praxis filosófica de carácter experimental. Consideramos, por lo tanto, que la noción de Aufklärung, con los giros y los matices esbozados por el propio pensador alemán, merecen un renovado y detenido (...) análisis, tanto por los aportes que pueden hacerse en el campo de la exegesis crítica e histórica del corpus nietzscheano, como por la posibilidad de reconstruir, en parte, el modo en que ingresa la corriente ilustrada en la filosofía europea de mediados y segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Palabras clave: Nietzsche-Ilustración-Experimento-Filosofía. (shrink)

La concepción platónica de las experiencias visual y auditiva en un doble nivel repercute en su propuesta educativa y política, expresada, entre otros diálogos, en República. Un estudio filológico de estos campos semánticos en el Libro VIII e inicio del Libro IX de República permite postular que, para el ateniense, los cambios en las formas de la polis están ligados a cambios en los modos de ver y oír humanos. Así, el desplazamiento puede producirse desde una mirada y audición (...) profundas a una mirada y audición superficiales, desde un oír- ver unitarios a múltiples, o del ver y oír al no-ver ni oír. En todos los casos,este desplazamiento tiene como correlato un desplazamiento en las formas de organización de la polis. (shrink)

RESUMEN El presente trabajo busca demostrar cómo el reconocimiento y estudio de las narrativas exiliares de mujeres podrían otorgar nuevos registros analíticos y reflexivos al campo de trabajo filosófico sobre castigo político. Para ello, en principio, se lleva a cabo un recorrido por sus orígenes clásicos, griego y romano, destacando que, si bien el exilio ha variado a lo largo de los siglos, hay ciertos elementos constitutivos que se mantienen en sus aplicaciones contemporáneas. Esto lleva a observar el modo en (...) que estos elementos constitutivos del exilio se hacen presentes de una manera particular en la escritura narrativa exilar de mujeres -especialmente en las de las últimas dictaduras cívico-militares del Cono Sur latinoamericano-. Reconocer e incluir estas narrativas experienciales de mujeres en un corpus textual y analítico altamente masculinizado permitiría nuevos acercamientos y proyecciones reflexivas al campo de estudios filosóficos sobre el exilio. ABSTRACT This paper seeks to demonstrate how the recognition and study of women's exile narratives could bring new analytical and reflexive registers to the field of philosophical work on political punishment. In order to do this, first of all, a review of its classical, Greek and Roman origins is made, pointing out that, although the exile has varied over the centuries, there are certain constituent elements that are maintained in its contemporary applications. This leads us to observe the way that these constitutive elements of exile are present in a particular way in women's exile narrative writing -especially those of the last civil-military dictatorships of the Latin American Southern Cone. To recognise and include these women's experiential narratives in a highly masculinised textual and analytical corpus allows for new approaches and reflexive projections to the field of philosophical studies on exile. (shrink)

El artículo analiza las características del vínculo de representación política configurado por Carlos Reutemann, gobernador de la Provincia de Santa Fe entre 1991 y 1995. A través del análisis de contenido del discurso (integrado por declaraciones públicas del gobernador, discursos institucionales y propaganda electoral) y del análisis de entrevistas a dirigentes peronistas de la época, se observa que Reutemann delineó un vínculo de proximidad “no intimista” con la ciudadanía santafesina. Esto es, desplegó una serie de elementos que se corresponden anticipadamente (...) con un tipo de representación de proximidad (a saber: una presencia empática, una escucha sin promesas ni discursos y una auto-presentación como “comprovinciano” y “no-político”), pero dicho vínculo representativo no incluyó una estrategia de intimización por parte del líder. Por el contrario, prefirió delinear una estrategia de cercanía a través del contacto cara a cara en el terreno y no de la escenificación de la intimidad (familiar o laboral) del individuo privado que posibilitan los medios de comunicación. En este sentido, la legitimidad de proximidad en Reutemann operaba de manera unidireccional: era él quien iba a “escuchar” o “empatizar” con sus representados, mientras que no se dejaba “escuchar” o que “empatizaran” con ninguna situación privada propia (a diferencia de los líderes de proximidad analizados por la literatura, en quienes la intimización se despliega de manera bidireccional). El análisis de la figura del “hombre de campo” que emerge de su particular estilo representativo (con rasgos que proyectan una personalidad parca, mesurada, solitaria, ajena a la exhibición de los demás) permite identificar una serie de atributos que le dan sentido a su faceta no intimista de representación. La investigación, además, permite reflexionar en torno a las posibilidades del despliegue de un formato de proximidad que no incluya la mostración de la intimidad del político, en tiempos en los que la intimización política se ha vuelto un recurso privilegiado al servicio de la generación de un lazo representativo que refuerce la cercanía y la identificación para con los ciudadanos. (shrink)

I argue against the tendency in the philosophy of science literature to link abduction to the inference to the best explanation (IBE), and in particular, to claim that Peireean abduction is a conceptual predecessor to IBE. This is not to discount either abduction or IBE. Rather the purpose of this paper is to clarify the relation between Peireean abduction and IBE in accounting for ampliative inference in science. This paper aims at a proper classification—not justification—of types of scientific reasoning. In (...) particular, I claim that Peireean abduction is an in-depth account of the process of generating explanatory hypotheses, while IBE, at least in Peter Lipton's thorough treatment, is a more encompassing account of the processes both of generating and of evaluating scientific hypotheses. There is then a two-fold problem with the claim that abduction is IBE. On the one hand, it conflates abduction and induction, which are two distinct forms of logical inference, with two distinct aims, as shown by Charles S. Peirce; on the other hand it lacks a clear sense of the full scope of IBE as an account of scientific inference. (shrink)

Resumo Este artigo defende o ponto de vista de que as bases da ciência cognitiva contemporânea estão em sintonia com o pensamento de Merleau-Ponty, em seus aspectos antiobjetivista e antirrepresentacionalista. A ideia de representação mental é contestada, tanto na CC quanto no pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. A cognição não espelha um mundo exterior independente dos sujeitos incorporados. O mundo é um existencial, como afirmam Merleau-Ponty e a CC. A hipótese da representação mental supõe que o mundo pode ser percebido de forma (...) independente do sujeito que percebe. Isso não é verdade. A percepção depende da forma como o sujeito age em seu mundo percebido. Todas as estimulações que o organismo encontra só são possíveis pelos seus movimentos precedentes que resultam na exposição do órgão receptor às influências externas. Os estímulos sensoriais que o organismo encontra dependem diretamente do seu comportamento motor e a forma como o organismo se move depende diretamente das consequências sensoriais dos seus comportamentos anteriores.This article defends the view that the foundations of contemporary cognitive science are in tune with Merleau-Ponty’s thinking in its anti-objectivist and anti-representationalist aspects. The idea of mental representation is contested both in CC and in Merleau-Ponty’s thinking. Cognition does not mirror an outside world independent of embodied subjects. The world is an existential one as Merleau-Ponty and the CC say. The mental representation hypothesis assumes that the world can be perceived independently of the perceiving subject. This is not true. Perception depends on how the subject acts in his perceived world. All the stimulations that the organism finds are only possible by its previous movements that result in the exposure of the receiving organ to external influences. The sensory stimuli that the organism finds depend directly on its motor behavior and the way the organism moves depends directly on the sensory consequences of its previous behaviors. (shrink)

To date, emotion research has primarily focused on the experience and display of the emoter. However, of equal, if not more, importance is how such displays impact and guide the behavior of an observer. We incorporate a functionalist framework of emotion to examine the development of differential responding to discrete emotion, theorize on what may facilitate its development, and hypothesize the functions that may underlie such behavioral responses. Although our review is focused primarily on development, the theoretical and methodological ideas (...) laid out are relevant for researchers of emotion at all ages. (shrink)

This commentary defines what shared yet differentiated ethical responsibilities to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mean, by introducing a threefold principled account of AMR global governance. It argues that the principles of solidarity, subsidiarity, and stewardship can be especially helpful for further justifying some of the universal, differentiated, and individual responsibilities that Van Katwyk et al propose. The upshot of my threefold principled account of AMR global governance is a less ambitious AMR treaty, one that can only justify (i) universal duties (...) of global coordination (as per the principle of solidarity); (ii) differentiated duties to local communities, which bear the primary AMR responsibilities (as per the principle of subsidiarity); and (iii) individualized duties for ensuring truthful, evidence-based, consistent, and timely shared accountable communication (as per the principle of stewardship). (shrink)

A presente Comunicação pretende analisar comparativamente alguns aspectos da definição de modernidade e pós-modernidade e sua aplicabilidade na análise do contexto religioso brasileiro. Partindo de autores como Giddens e Bauman, desenvolvemos a contextualização de suas teorias para uma realidade eminentemente européia. Depois, com autores como Canclini, Mariano e Prandi, dentre outros, que analisaram o contexto latino americano e, principalmente, brasileiro, procurou-se delinear o erro em se considerar que os conceitos de modernidade e pós-modernidade cabem à análise do cenário religioso brasileiro (...) irrestritamente, como se este cenário fosse equivalente ao europeu, lugar no qual esses conceitos surgiram e foram delineados. Palavras-chave : Modernidade; Pós-modernidade, Cenário Religioso Brasileiro, Cenário Religioso Europeu. (shrink)

Presentamos la doctrina tradicional de la conversión simple de las oraciones categóricas y de las oraciones modales cuantificadas atendiendo al análisis medieval de las mismas en base a las oraciones de identidad. Estas oraciones de identidad resultan ser necesarias cuando son verdaderas e imposibles cuando son falsas. Simplificamos nuestro tratamiento reduciendo nuestro universo del discurso a pequeños �mundos� de individuos y propiedades recurriendo en parte al simbolismo ordinario y añadiendo un símbolo para la parte modal.

Por meio de processos-crime, reflete-se sobre a organização racial/racista da sociedade no passado. O assassinato de Vicente Crioulo, no ano de 1848, funciona como o primeiro paradigma para que se entenda que o Estado representa apenas um dos canais para a subjugação de povos não-brancos aos brancos dominadores. Esta abordagem filia-se à micro-história, e procura ver a vida cotidiana de homens e mulheres negras, escolhendo três casos paradigmáticos, que caminham da tortura e morte de um homem negro à uma rebelião (...) de escravos contra o seu feitor. Trata-se de uma narrativa de dor, mas também de resistência à ordem escravocrata. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar reflexões sobre o núcleo muçulmano da telenovela O Clone , que foi exibido entre outubro de 2001 e junho de 2002, na Rede Globo de Televisão, tendo sua reprise iniciada em janeiro de 2011. Telenovela escrita por Gloria Perez autora conhecida pelos temas “étnicos” e de cunho social, tais como, ciganos, muçulmanos, indianos, transplante de órgãos, alcoolismo, imigração ilegal, clonagem humana. O argumento que sustento é que a novela “salvou” a comunidade islâmica brasileira da (...) “invisibilidade” e trouxe para dentro das casas brasileiras um pouco da cultura árabe-islâmica, que embora estereotipados, contribuíram significativamente para revelar à nossa sociedade quem são os muçulmanos e em que eles acreditam. Ao escrever o artigo me deparei com outro tipo de “invisibilidade”, os quase inexistentes trabalhos em antropologia visual que contemplam análise de imagens de telenovelas. Neste sentido, este texto busca contribuir com outros modos de ver a televisão, em particular, a telenovela. (shrink)

Resumen: El siguiente trabajo aborda la relación que tiene la violencia con el lenguaje y el discurso en la obra de Derrida, específicamente desde las nociones tempranas de violencia originaria, archi-violencia y violencia trascendental, con el fin de abrir la perspectiva de su análisis hacia una reflexión desde el problema del origen del sentido y su despliegue textual.La cuestión de la violencia será enfocada en torno a dos aspectos de la obra de Derrida: 1) la tesis general sobre la economía (...) en la que la violencia de origen está expuesta y se despliega, cuestión que desarrollaremos a partir de la relación teórica de Derrida con Lévi-Strauss; y 2) algunas notas más detalladas sobre la génesis del concepto de violencia, que es adoptado por Derrida en discusión directa con la tradición fenomenológica, especialmente con Husserl y Levinas. Todo, además, en el contexto de ciertas notas metodológicas sobre la herencia que no son periféricas, sino que permiten una aproximación más completa desde una idea de génesis de la violencia de la génesis.: In this paper, I approach the concept of violence in connection with deconstruction as a condition of possibility of meaning. I track the genesis and structure of different formulations of the concept presented in the early works of Derrida, such as ‘original violence’, ‘transcendental violence’, and ‘archi-violence’. I present some key points on this topic emphasizing two features: 1) the overall thesis about the economy in which violence is exposed and developed, in dialogue with the ideas of Lévi-Strauss; and 2) some more detailed notes about the genesis of the concept of violence, which is adopted by Derrida in direct discussion with the phenomenological tradition, especially with Husserl and Levinas. Both subjects are also involved with certain methodological elements that I think cannot be avoided in Derrida’s philosophy, because they are integral to deconstruction itself. This will give us a full view of the problem of the idea of a genesis of the violence of genesis. (shrink)

This paper argues that the existing definition of pandemics is not nuanced enough, because it is predicated solely on the criterion of spread, rather than on the criteria of spread and severity. This definitional challenge is what I call ‘the conflation problem’: there is a conflation of two different realities of global health, namely global health emergencies (i.e., severe communicable diseases that spread across borders) and nonemergencies (i.e., communicable or noncommunicable diseases that spread across borders and that may be severe). (...) To put this argument forth, this paper begins by discussing the existing and internationally accepted definition of pandemics, its requirements, as well as its strengths (section 1). Section 2 then considers the problem with the standard definition of pandemics (i.e., the conflation problem) and some examples of it. Finally, section 3 evaluates some practical implications of the conflation problem to then explore conceptual clarity as the adequate solution. (shrink)

The recent alleged doping case of the figure skater Kamila Valieva at the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing 2022 dramatically raised the issue of the protection of minors in anti-doping policy. We firstly present the literature on doping in relation to minors. Secondly, we present WADA’s Protected Person (PP) concept and its implications. Thirdly, we analyse the WADA Code’s purpose and the vulnerability of minors under the Code, and fourthly, we identify the real threats from which minors should be protected (...) by analysing the ineffective PP concept, and showing how it cannot be a real protection. We explain how preventing one threat can generate another, thus converting minor athletes from victims into suspects. We conclude by stressing the necessity for further research, and we indicate our future research direction, towards the development of a much wider concept of protection, and its application into sporting contexts. (shrink)

En el capítulo I titulado "Del origen de los indios de Chile y de las noticias que acerca de él se han conservado", el jesuita Diego de Rosales propone una lectura de los mitos indígenas a partir de su vinculación con la tradición judeocristiana. Este hecho, además de rescatar una parte de la cultura oral mapuche, demuestra la vigencia del proyecto evangelizador iniciado por el padre Luis de Valdivia. El artículo analiza la relación entre la escritura de los mitos indígenas (...) y el programa misional jesuita. Planteo que el rescate de las creencias nativas fue un medio para desestabilizar la legitimidad del discurso esclavista y para justificar una forma distinta de imponer las prácticas de sujeción colonial a partir de la idea de continuidad entre ambas culturas. (shrink)

Epistemic impairment has been the decisive yardstick when excluding infants from political agency. One of the suggestions to bypass the epistemic requirement of political agency and to encourage the inclusion of infants in representative democracies is to resort to proxies or surrogates who share or advocate interests which may be coincidental with their interests. However, this solution is far from desirable, given that it privileges the political agency of parents, guardians and trustees over other adult citizens. This article offers an (...) alternative to this conceptual frame of reference by making a case for the political agency of infants. Firstly, it maintains that political agency can be understood in terms of the several facets involved in political representation. Secondly, it claims that the all-affected principle can be reformulated as an ‘infant-affected-interests principle’ in light of which infants are members of the class of the represented. Thirdly, it explores the ways through which this political agency can occur without having to resort to alternative conceptions of representation. The conclusion ascertains that infant enfranchisement is highly undesirable and that there are more viable forms to promote infant political agency, such as virtual representation, infant-beneficial principles of political action and ombudspersons for infants. (shrink)

Resumo: Por intermédio da análise dos gêneros carta e conto escritos por Machado de Assis, procuramos oferecer uma resposta à questão do horizonte ético e moral que opera nos textos do autor. Trabalhamos numa perspectiva interdisciplinar, pois dialogamos com filósofos, historiadores e críticos literários procurando, num primeiro momento, demonstrar que a noção de cuidado de si se mostra na correspondência machadiana a partir da perspectiva de cura de si, isto é, um tipo de sabedoria dos antigos gregos e romanos que (...) o autor lança mão para realizar e organizar o pensamento literário, seu e de seus pares, na direção das publicações e conquistas no âmbito da literatura. Num segundo momento, demonstramos que o cuidado de si terá outro sentido nos textos de ficção, pois se volta para um cuidado da alma no sentido do desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico do sujeito em relação ao eu e ao outro, ao indivíduo e ao mundo social. Palavras-chave: Machado de Assis; Cuidado de Si; Cartas; Literatura. The care of the self as an ethical perspective in Machado de Assis Abstract : Through the analysis of the genres letter and short story written by Machado de Assis, we try to offer an answer to the question of the ethical and moral horizon that operates in the author's texts. We work in an interdisciplinary perspective, as we dialogue with philosophers, historians and literary critics, trying, in a first moment, to demonstrate that the notion of self-care is shown in Machado's correspondence from the perspective of self-cure, that is, a kind of wisdom from the ancient Greeks and Romans that the author uses to accomplish and organize the literary thought, his own and his peers', in the direction of publications and achievements in the field of literature. In a second moment, we demonstrate that the care of the self will have another meaning in fiction texts, since it turns to a care of the soul in the sense of the development of the subject's critical thought in relation to the self and to the other, to the individual and to the social world. Keywords: Machado De Assis; Self-Care; Letters; Literature. Le souci de soi comme perspective éthique chez Machado de Assis Résumé : A travers l'analyse des genres lettre et nouvelle écrits par Machado de Assis, nous essayons d'offrir une réponse à la question de l'horizon éthique et moral qui opère dans les textes de l'auteur. Nous travaillons dans une perspective interdisciplinaire, car nous dialoguons avec des philosophes, des historiens et des critiques littéraires en essayant, dans un premier temps, de démontrer que la notion d'auto-soin apparaît dans la correspondance de Machado dans la perspective de l'auto-cure, c'est-à-dire une sorte de sagesse des anciens Grecs et Romains que l'auteur utilise pour accomplir et organiser la pensée littéraire, la sienne et celle de ses pairs, vers des publications et des conquêtes dans le domaine de la littérature. Dans un deuxième temps, nous démontrons que le souci de soi aura un autre sens dans les textes de fiction, car il se transforme en soin de l'âme au sens du développement de la pensée critique du sujet par rapport au moi et à l'autre, à l'individu et au monde social. Mots-Clés: Machado De Assis; Soins Personnels; Letres; Littérature. Data de registro: 22/11/2022 Data de aceite: 24/04/2023. (shrink)

A theory of intergenerational justice consists in the study of the moral and political status of the relations between present and past or future people, more specifically, of the obligations and entitlements they can potentially generate. The challenges that justify talking about responsibilities between generations are myriad. And the disputes they prompt can focus on the past just as much as on the present, even though the fact that the human species has reached a state of technological progress that enables (...) it to have an irredeemable impact on the planet and perhaps even endanger future human existence tends to make concerns about the future more pressing. Debates on intergenerational justice are twofold. The first revolves around the issue of whether claims of justice across generations whose members' lifetimes do not necessarily overlap could be justified. And the second revolves around the specific conception of justice in play, that is, around the nature of the standard that must be applied as well as around the identification of the contents of the duties that present generations supposedly have vis-à-vis past or future generations. This survey article depicts the conceptual and argumentative framework in which these debates are set. It aims to outline certain of the main features shared by the most influential contemporary theories of intergenerational justice, and the problems inherent in them. It concludes by suggesting that, even though the idea of succeeding generations is merely an abstraction, there are specific empirical states of affairs that require different theoretical responses to intergenerational justice. (shrink)

European Journal of Political Theory, Volume 21, Issue 2, Page 368-389, April 2022. Epistemic impairment has been the decisive yardstick when excluding infants from political agency. One of the suggestions to bypass the epistemic requirement of political agency and to encourage the inclusion of infants in representative democracies is to resort to proxies or surrogates who share or advocate interests which may be coincidental with their interests. However, this solution is far from desirable, given that it privileges the political agency (...) of parents, guardians and trustees over other adult citizens. This article offers an alternative to this conceptual frame of reference by making a case for the political agency of infants. Firstly, it maintains that political agency can be understood in terms of the several facets involved in political representation. Secondly, it claims that the all-affected principle can be reformulated as an ‘infant-affected-interests principle’ in light of which infants are members of the class of the represented. Thirdly, it explores the ways through which this political agency can occur without having to resort to alternative conceptions of representation. The conclusion ascertains that infant enfranchisement is highly undesirable and that there are more viable forms to promote infant political agency, such as virtual representation, infant-beneficial principles of political action and ombudspersons for infants. (shrink)

ABSTRACT “Speculative cannibalism” names here some kind of transcendental logic that only works through figuration, in the specific form of an analogical matrix. This article tracks these configurations in the philosophical works of Jacques Derrida and in the anthropological foundations of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro. This article states that as transcendental, this analogical matrix is the condition of possibility of the meaning of alterity and difference—but as analogical works as a transcategorial function that is neither beyond nor before experience, only (...) irreducible to a given explanatory category of judgment or being. This function is figurative, that is, constitutes meaning by an operation of comparison in Viveiros de Castro’s nomenclature, and of supplementation, in Derrida’s terminology. In both cases this function posits difference or equivocation as the main operator. Finally, this article argues that even though they are very similar speculative proposals, analogy works a bit differently for deconstruction and for post-structural anthropology: for the first, analogy is based on a supplementary logic that is only taken to be a formal operation, while for the former, analogy it is treated not only as a formal operation, but also as fixed within the material categories of Amerindian thought. (shrink)

This article presents a set of principles for knowledge modeling in knowledge organization systems in specific domains. It discusses the representational problem, comparing the abstraction mechanisms present in the theories related to representation in concept systems, taken from foundational authors of information science, computer science, and terminology approaches. Parallel to this context, several representational possibilities arise to assist the modeler in the activity of elaborating models of representation. It describes the application of theoretical and methodological principles when organizing, representing, and (...) managing navigation on learning paths in the corporate education field. As a concept proof, it exposes a conceptual model of learning paths and discusses a literature review on this subject to verify to what extent these principles are being applied. It concludes that we can consider the principles discussed in this study as relevant, since they expand the modelers’ freedom, not making him hostage to a specific model. (shrink)

It is generally accepted that patents are a driving force for innovation through research and development. But the university's involvement in patenting is problematic as well. In particular, it is in tension with the idea of a university itself. If patents entail a restriction on the accessibility of the scientific knowledge that has been patented, and if the main purpose of universities is to produce and disseminate knowledge to the public, then, there is a tension: when universities patent their research (...) innovations, they are making the scientific knowledge they produce less accessible to the public. The paper argues that university patenting contradicts the very idea of a university as an institution whose mission is fundamentally to disseminate the knowledge it produces to the public. The practice of university patenting involves an un-academic attitude thus: by inciting an attitude towards knowledge that is not consistent with the proper attitudes and goals of a university, university patenting hurt.. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the rules for the expurgation of texts of astrology in the Iberian Indices of forbidden books. It addresses the prohibitions put forward in Rule IX of the Index of Trent and the bull Coeli et terrae of Sixtus V, and studies its impact on the rules and their interpretation in the Spanish and Portuguese Indices, in particular, those published in the first decades of the seventeenth century: the Spanish Index librorum prohibitorum et expurgatorum of 1612 and the (...) Portuguese Index auctorum damnatae memoriae of 1624. It shows how these indices offer a more meticulous examination of the prohibitions providing not only more detail regarding the different practices of astrology, but also explicitly accept the doctrine of inclinations of Thomas Aquinas as a central rule to deal with astrological judgments on human behaviour. It also highlights some specific details of the practice of censorship of astrological books by examining case studies of censored Portuguese and Spanish astrological publications. These provide new dimensions and highlight significant differences between the theoretical rules, practical guidelines, and actual restriction of astrological content. (shrink)

Nos últimos anos o mundo passou a conviver com um processo de expressivas mudanças sociais, culturais e econômicas. O novo século iniciou mitificado como a nova era, em que os avanços são tão acelerados que o futuro se torna, de certa forma, desconhecido. O mundo depara-se com uma nova forma de ver o tempo, o poder, o trabalho, a comunicação, a informação, as instituições e, especialmente, a educação e a função docente, foco da reflexão neste trabalho. A abordagem propõe a (...) constatação das exigências de mudança na atualidade, decorrentes do quadro comple-xo em que se dá a educação escolar hoje para pensar os novos rumos da formação do professor. Em função dessa proposta, são apresentados resultados da investigação desenvolvida considerando as possibilidades de análise abertas por SACRISTÁN. Procurou-se desenlear a função docente da profusão de exigências que lhe são postas na atualidade, numa contribuição ao redirecionamento das propostas prescritivas de mudança e, sobretudo, de formação do professor. (shrink)

Este artigo visa analisar indícios verbo-visuais de episódios de mal-estar enunciados por alunos que integram turmas da modalidade Educação de Jovens Adultos (EJA) em uma escola do interior baiano. Dedicamo-nos, especialmente, a compreender como os sujeitos semiotizam situações de embaraço social vivenciadas em salas de aula e(m) seus (d)efeitos. Como referencial teórico, partimos de pressupostos da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, da Clínica da Atividade e de outras categorias discursivas para lermos, a partir de uma dimensão axiológica, o corpus que é (...) composto por duas biograficzines. A análise dos dados registra que os (res)sentimentos dos discentes, que se deixam materializar em termos verbo-visuais, deflagram situações que ilustram a complexidade de dinâmicas que perfazem interações didáticas no ambiente escolar. Trabalhos como o nosso contribuem para tensionar a realidade escolar-profissional possibilitando a exploração de outros ângulos de nossas atividades como sujeitos sociais. (shrink)

The moral value of health : health as a basic human need -- The human right to health and its corresponding responsibilities -- States and natural persons as subjects of justice -- Pharmaceutical transnational corporations as subjects of justice -- The global health governance of the global health crisis.