Results for 'Complexity exploitation'

957 found
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  1. Simple or complex bodies? Trade-offs in exploiting body morphology for control.Matej Hoffmann & Vincent C. Müller - 2017 - In Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic & Raffaela Giovagnoli, Representation of Reality: Humans, Other Living Organism and Intelligent Machines. Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 335-345.
    Engineers fine-tune the design of robot bodies for control purposes, however, a methodology or set of tools is largely absent, and optimization of morphology (shape, material properties of robot bodies, etc.) is lagging behind the development of controllers. This has become even more prominent with the advent of compliant, deformable or ”soft” bodies. These carry substantial potential regarding their exploitation for control—sometimes referred to as ”morphological computation”. In this article, we briefly review different notions of computation by physical systems (...)
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  2. Trade-offs in exploiting body morphology for control: From simple bodies and model-based control to complex ones with model-free distributed control schemes.Matej Hoffmann & Vincent C. Müller - 2014 - In Helmut Hauser, Rudolf M. Füchslin & Rolf Pfeifer, Opinions and Outlooks on Morphological Computation. E-Book. pp. 185-194.
    Tailoring the design of robot bodies for control purposes is implicitly performed by engineers, however, a methodology or set of tools is largely absent and optimization of morphology (shape, material properties of robot bodies, etc.) is lag- ging behind the development of controllers. This has become even more prominent with the advent of compliant, deformable or "soft" bodies. These carry substantial potential regarding their exploitation for control – sometimes referred to as "mor- phological computation" in the sense of offloading (...)
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  3. Simple or Complex Bodies? Trade-offs in Exploiting Body Morphology for Control.Vincent Müller & Matej Hoffmann - 2017 - In Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic & Raffaela Giovagnoli, Representation of Reality: Humans, Other Living Organism and Intelligent Machines. Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 335-345.
    Engineers fine-tune the design of robot bodies for control purposes; however, a methodology or set of tools is largely absent, and optimization of morphology is lagging behind the development of controllers. This has become even more prominent with the advent of compliant, deformable or ‘soft’ bodies. These carry substantial potential regarding their exploitation for control—sometimes referred to as ‘morphological computation’. In this article, we briefly review different notions of computation by physical systems and propose the dynamical systems framework as (...)
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  4. Towards multi-species justice : unveiling violence and exploitation in the animal industrial complex.Gwen Hunnicutt, Richard Twine & Ken Mentor - 2025 - In Gwen Hunnicutt, Richard Twine & Kenneth Mentor, Violence and harm in the animal industrial complex: human-animal entanglements. New York: Routledge.
     
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  5.  44
    Engagement, Exploitation, and Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Research.Michelle T. Pham, Nader Pouratian & Ashley Feinsinger - 2022 - Neuroethics 15 (3):1-15.
    Motivated by exploitation concerns, we argue for the importance of participant engagement in basic human intracranial electrophysiology research. This research takes advantage of unique neurosurgical opportunities to better understand complex systems of the human brain, but it also exposes participants to additional risks without immediate therapeutic intent. We argue that understanding participant values and incorporating their perspectives into the research process may help determine whether and to what extent research practices and the resulting distributions of risks and benefits constitute (...)
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  6. Does product complexity matter for competition in experimental retail markets?Stefania Sitzia & Daniel John Zizzo - 2011 - Theory and Decision 70 (1):65-82.
    We describe a first experiment on whether product complexity affects competition and consumers in retail markets. We are unable to detect a significant effect of product complexity on prices, except insofar as the demand elasticity for complex products is higher. However, there is qualified evidence that complex products have the potential to induce consumers to buy more than they would otherwise. In this sense, consumer exploitability in quantities cannot be ruled out. We also find evidence for shaping effects: (...)
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  7.  9
    Exploitation in Biomedical Research.Erik Malmqvist - 2023 - In Erick Valdés & Juan Alberto Lecaros, Handbook of Bioethical Decisions. Volume II: Scientific Integrity and Institutional Ethics. Springer Verlag. pp. 2147483647-2147483647.
    Biomedical research on human subjects involves exposing individuals to risks and burdens for the benefit of others, and therefore raises concerns about exploitation. While the concept of exploitation has received significant attention in recent research ethical literature, its relevance and implications in this area remain unclear and contested. This chapter explains how this concept is nonetheless important for understanding the ethical complexities of human subject research and the proper design of subject protections. The chapter provides an overview of (...)
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  8. Exploitation and commercial surrogate motherhood.Hugh McLachlan & J. Swales - 2001 - Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics 7 (1):8--14.
    Various authors, for instance Elizabeth Anderson, Rosemary Tong, Mary Warnock and Margaret Brazier have argued that commercial surrogate motherhood is exploitative and that it should be prohibited. Their arguments are unconvincing. Exploitation is a more complex notion than it is usually presented as being. Unequal bargaining power can be a cause of exploitation but the exercise of unequal bargaining power is not inevitably or inherently exploitative. Exploitation concerns unfair and/or unjust strategies - rather than the exercise of (...)
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  9.  50
    Exploiting Listener Gaze to Improve Situated Communication in Dynamic Virtual Environments.Konstantina Garoufi, Maria Staudte, Alexander Koller & Matthew W. Crocker - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (7):1671-1703.
    Beyond the observation that both speakers and listeners rapidly inspect the visual targets of referring expressions, it has been argued that such gaze may constitute part of the communicative signal. In this study, we investigate whether a speaker may, in principle, exploit listener gaze to improve communicative success. In the context of a virtual environment where listeners follow computer-generated instructions, we provide two kinds of support for this claim. First, we show that listener gaze provides a reliable real-time index of (...)
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  10. The Ethics of Exploitation.Paul McLaughlin - 2008 - Studia Philosophica Estonica 1 (3):5-16.
    Philosophical inquiry into exploitation has two major deficiencies to date: it assumes that exploitation is wrong by definition; and it pays too much attention to the Marxian account of exploitation. Two senses of exploitation should be distinguished: the 'moral' or pejorative sense and the 'non-moral' or 'non-prejudicial' sense. By demonstrating the conceptual inadequacy of exploitation as defined in the first sense, and by defining exploitation adequately in the latter sense, we seek to demonstrate the (...)
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  11. Vampires, Werewolves, and Economic Exploitation.George E. Panichas - 1981 - Social Theory and Practice 7 (2):223-242.
    For Marx, capitalism depends upon and perpetuates a system of relationships whereby members of one class of persons, capitalists, enjoys extensive and pervasive social and economic advantages over others. But on Marx’s analysis, this system of being-taken-advantage-of—this system of economic exploitation—is not to be understood by appeal to discrete incidents of fraud, bad deals, theft, or under-remuneration. Rather, the central contention of Marx’s analysis, the contention analyzed, developed, and evaluated here, is that economic exploitation is class exploitation, (...)
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  12.  51
    Exploiting Spatial and Temporal for Point of Interest Recommendation.Jinpeng Chen, Wen Zhang, Pei Zhang, Pinguang Ying, Kun Niu & Ming Zou - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-16.
    An increasing number of users have been attracted by location-based social networks in recent years. Meanwhile, user-generated content in online LBSNs like spatial, temporal, and social information provides an ever-increasing chance to study the human behavior movement from their spatiotemporal mobility patterns and spawns a large number of location-based applications. For instance, one of such applications is to produce personalized point of interest recommendations that users are interested in. Different from traditional recommendation methods, the recommendations in LBSNs come with two (...)
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  13. Analyzing vision at the complexity level.John K. Tsotsos - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (3):423-445.
    The general problem of visual search can be shown to be computationally intractable in a formal, complexity-theoretic sense, yet visual search is extensively involved in everyday perception, and biological systems manage to perform it remarkably well. Complexity level analysis may resolve this contradiction. Visual search can be reshaped into tractability through approximations and by optimizing the resources devoted to visual processing. Architectural constraints can be derived using the minimum cost principle to rule out a large class of potential (...)
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  14. An examination of exploitation in international gestational surrogacy contracts.Kathryn MacKay - unknown
    This thesis aims to determine whether international gestational surrogacy contracts are exploitative, and whether they should be prohibited. I chose a group of women working as surrogates at Kaival Maternity Home and Surgical Hospital, in Anand, Gujarat, India as a study group. After examining their life circumstances, I argue that these women live in unjust circumstances caused by institutional sexism and poverty. I critically assess arguments launched against surrogacy, organ trade, and prostitution and find that none of these are sufficient (...)
     
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  15.  21
    Exploiting Interslice Correlation for MRI Prostate Image Segmentation, from Recursive Neural Networks Aspect.Qikui Zhu, Bo Du, Baris Turkbey, Peter Choyke & Pingkun Yan - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-10.
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  16.  1
    The Potential Exploitation of Generative Artifical Intelligence by Terrorists and Violent Extremists.Tanja Miloshevska - 2024 - Годишен зборник на Филозофскиот факултет/The Annual of the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje 77 (1):361-389.
    This paper will analyze how and to what extent terrorists and violent extremistshave interacted with generative artificial intelligence so far and identify potentialways in which they could misuse generative AI in the future. It is therefore necessaryto question assumptions that terrorist and violent extremist actors will quickly adoptgenerative AI solely based on an assessment of the capabilities it may offer. Althoughresearch has shown that technological capability and availability are key drivers of terroristinnovation, terrorist and violent extremist actors also assess any (...)
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  17.  66
    A practical philosophy of complex climate modelling.Gavin A. Schmidt & Steven Sherwood - 2015 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 5 (2):149-169.
    We give an overview of the practice of developing and using complex climate models, as seen from experiences in a major climate modelling center and through participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. We discuss the construction and calibration of models; their evaluation, especially through use of out-of-sample tests; and their exploitation in multi-model ensembles to identify biases and make predictions. We stress that adequacy or utility of climate models is best assessed via their skill against more naïve predictions. (...)
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  18.  98
    Exploiting Sharing Join Opportunities in Big Data Multiquery Optimization with Flink.Xiao-Yan Gao, Radhya Sahal, Gui-Xiu Chen, Mohammed H. Khafagy & Fatma A. Omara - 2020 - Complexity 2020:1-25.
    Multiway join queries incur high-cost I/Os operations over large-scale data. Exploiting sharing join opportunities among multiple multiway joins could be beneficial to reduce query execution time and shuffled intermediate data. Although multiway join optimization has been carried out in MapReduce, different design principles are not considered. To bridge the gap of not considering the optimization of Big Data platforms, an end-to-end multiway join over Flink, which is called Join-MOTH system, is proposed to exploit sharing data granularity, sharing join granularity, and (...)
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  19. Network representation and complex systems.Charles Rathkopf - 2018 - Synthese (1).
    In this article, network science is discussed from a methodological perspective, and two central theses are defended. The first is that network science exploits the very properties that make a system complex. Rather than using idealization techniques to strip those properties away, as is standard practice in other areas of science, network science brings them to the fore, and uses them to furnish new forms of explanation. The second thesis is that network representations are particularly helpful in explaining the properties (...)
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  20.  76
    Entanglement, Complexity, and Causal Asymmetry in Quantum Theories.Porter Williams - 2022 - Foundations of Physics 52 (2):1-38.
    It is often claimed that one cannot locate a notion of causation in fundamental physical theories. The reason most commonly given is that the dynamics of those theories do not support any distinction between the past and the future, and this vitiates any attempt to locate a notion of causal asymmetry—and thus of causation—in fundamental physical theories. I argue that this is incorrect: the ubiquitous generation of entanglement between quantum systems grounds a relevant asymmetry in the dynamical evolution of quantum (...)
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  21.  28
    Tackling Complexity in Green Contractor Selection for Mega Infrastructure Projects: A Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic MADM Approach with considering Group Attitudinal Character and Attributes’ Interdependency.Junling Zhang, Xiaowen Qi & Changyong Liang - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-31.
    Continuous environmental concerns regarding construction industry have been driving general constructors of mega infrastructure projects to incorporate green contractors. Although conventional multiple attributes decision-making methodologies have provided feasible ways to select contractor, high complexity in scenarios of megaprojects still challenges existing MADM methods in concurrently accommodating three key issues of decision hesitancy, attributes interdependency, and group attitudinal character. To elicit decision-makers’ hesitant fuzzy assessments more objectively and comprehensively, we define an expression tool called interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy uncertain unbalanced (...)
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  22.  17
    One million miles to go: taking the axiomatic road to defining exploitation.Roberto Veneziani & Naoki Yoshihara - 2017 - Cambridge Journal of Economics 41 (6):1607-1626.
    This paper analyses the Marxian theory of exploitation. The axiomatic approach standard in social choice theory is adopted in order to study the concept of exploitation—what it is and how it should be captured empirically. Two properties are presented that capture some fundamental Marxian insights. It is shown that, contrary to the received view, there exists a nonempty class of definitions of exploitation that preserve the relation between exploitation and profits—called Profit-Exploitation Correspondence Principle—in general economies (...)
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  23. Transnational Gestational Surrogacy: Does It Have to Be Exploitative?Jeffrey Kirby - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (5):24-32.
    This article explores the controversial practice of transnational gestational surrogacy and poses a provocative question: Does it have to be exploitative? Various existing models of exploitation are considered and a novel exploitation-evaluation heuristic is introduced to assist in the analysis of the potentially exploitative dimensions/elements of complex health-related practices. On the basis of application of the heuristic, I conclude that transnational gestational surrogacy, as currently practiced in low-income country settings , is exploitative of surrogate women. Arising out of (...)
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  24.  21
    Scientific imaginaries and science diplomacy: The case of ocean exploitation.Sam Robinson - 2021 - Centaurus 63 (1):150-170.
    As technologies of ocean exploitation emerged during the late 1960s, science policy and diplomacy were formed in response to anticipated capabilities that did not match the realities of extracting deep-sea minerals and of resource exploitation in the deep ocean at the time. Promoters of ocean exploitation in the late 1960s envisaged wonders such as rare mineral extraction and the stationing of divers in underwater habitats from which they would operate seabed machinery not connected to the turbulent surface (...)
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  25.  17
    Exploiting Contextual Word Embedding of Authorship and Title of Articles for Discovering Citation Intent Classification.Muhammad Roman, Abdul Shahid, Muhammad Irfan Uddin, Qiaozhi Hua & Shazia Maqsood - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-13.
    The number of scientific publications is growing exponentially. Research articles cite other work for various reasons and, therefore, have been studied extensively to associate documents. It is argued that not all references carry the same level of importance. It is essential to understand the reason for citation, called citation intent or function. Text information can contribute well if new natural language processing techniques are applied to capture the context of text data. In this paper, we have used contextualized word embedding (...)
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  26.  38
    Rational action and the complexity of causality.Edward Pols - 2002 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 22 (1):1-18.
    After a contrast of the the prima facie complexity of the causality of the rational agent with the received scientific doctrine of causality, it is noticed that the prima facie causal authority of rational action belongs to a macroscopic domain in which all science and philosophy takes place and in which the formal/telic nature of that causality must be taken for granted. Any philosophical justification or philosophical criticism of the status of that macroscopic arena must therefore take place within (...)
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  27.  13
    Violence and harm in the animal industrial complex: human-animal entanglements.Gwen Hunnicutt, Richard Twine & Kenneth Mentor (eds.) - 2025 - New York: Routledge.
    This book grapples with multispecies violent exploitations embedded in corridors of power within the Animal-Industrial Complex (A-IC). The A-IC is a useful framework for understanding how exploitative human-animal relations are central to capitalist relations and profit accumulation. 'A-IC-related-violence' - killing animals for economic gain - has a ripple effect which results in profound consequences for humans as well. This collection of international scholarship explores topics as varied as how A-IC-related-violence is reproduced and sustained through rapidly changing discursive strategies, ideological architecture, (...)
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  28.  15
    Bacterial subversion of host cytoskeletal machinery: Hijacking formins and the Arp2/3 complex.Dorothy Truong, John W. Copeland & John H. Brumell - 2014 - Bioessays 36 (7):687-696.
    The host actin nucleation machinery is subverted by many bacterial pathogens to facilitate their entry, motility, replication, and survival. The majority of research conducted in the past primarily focused on exploitation of a host actin nucleator, the Arp2/3 complex, by bacterial pathogens. Recently, new studies have begun to explore the role of formins, another family of host actin nucleators, in bacterial pathogenesis. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the study of the exploitation of the Arp2/3 (...)
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  29.  28
    Computational complexity and cognitive science : How the body and the world help the mind be efficient.Peter Gärdenfors - unknown
    This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, (...)
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  30.  43
    Beyond ‘Infodemic’: Complexity, Knowledge and Populism in COVID-19 Crisis Governance.Marko-Luka Zubčić & Gabriele Giacomini - 2025 - Social Epistemology 39 (1):56-76.
    The concept of the ‘infodemic’ has become a popular explanation for the rejection of anti-COVID-19 crisis governance measures. In this paper, we argue that infodemic is an inherent property of society under free institutions misused to pursue an epistemically vicious political epistemology. Furthermore, we provide an alternative account of political epistemology of COVID-19 governance and popular resistance to it. Namely, we argue that 1) pandemics represent a complex problem, and some level of resistance to governance which restricts liberties while informed (...)
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  31.  27
    Algorithms for finding coalitions exploiting a new reciprocity condition.Guido Boella, Luigi Sauro & Leendert van der Torre - 2009 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 17 (3):273-297.
    We introduce a reciprocity criterion for coalition formation among goal-directed agents, which we call the indecomposable do-ut-des property. It refines an older reciprocity property, called the do-ut-des or give-to-get property by considering the fact that agents prefer to form coalitions whose components cannot be formed independently. A formal description of this property is provided as well as an analysis of algorithms and their complexity. We provide an algorithm to decide whether a coalition has the desired property, and we show (...)
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  32.  56
    In Defense of the Marxian Theory of Exploitation.Paul Warren - 2015 - Social Theory and Practice 41 (2):286-308.
    John Roemer and G.A. Cohen made seminal contributions to the reconstruction of the Marxian theory of exploitation. However, both came to doubt the importance of the Marxian theory of exploitation for the socialist project. This paper defends the Marxian theory of exploitation against their skeptical conclusions. In so doing, it explicates Marxian exploitation’s distributive and relational dimensions, normative and explanatory roles, and complex normative and causal structure.
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  33.  26
    Models of complex adaptive systems in strategy and organization research.Oliver Baumann - 2015 - Mind and Society 14 (2):169-183.
    The development of new theory is often spurred by novel techniques that provide better answers to existing questions, or that allow asking new ones. In the field of strategy and organization science, models of complex adaptive systems have renewed theoretical work on a fundamental question: how organizations can adapt effectively to their environments. This article has three objectives: to highlight some areas where models of organizations as complex adaptive systems have made substantial contributions: the search for solutions to sets of (...)
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  34.  54
    The Kolmogorov complexity of random reals.Liang Yu, Decheng Ding & Rodney Downey - 2004 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 129 (1-3):163-180.
    We investigate the initial segment complexity of random reals. Let K denote prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity. A natural measure of the relative randomness of two reals α and β is to compare complexity K and K. It is well-known that a real α is 1-random iff there is a constant c such that for all n, Kn−c. We ask the question, what else can be said about the initial segment complexity of random reals. Thus, we study the (...)
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  35.  63
    Engaging With a Peer-Proposed, Additional Exploitation Condition: Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Transnational Gestational Surrogacy: Does It Have to Be Exploitative?”.Jeffrey Kirby - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (5):W1 - W3.
    This article explores the controversial practice of transnational gestational surrogacy and poses a provocative question: Does it have to be exploitative? Various existing models of exploitation are considered and a novel exploitation-evaluation heuristic is introduced to assist in the analysis of the potentially exploitative dimensions/elements of complex health-related practices. On the basis of application of the heuristic, I conclude that transnational gestational surrogacy, as currently practiced in low-income country settings, is exploitative of surrogate women. Arising out of consideration (...)
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  36.  19
    Culture under Complex Perspective: A Classification for Traditional Chinese Cultural Elements Based on NLP and Complex Networks.Lin Qi, Yuwei Wang, Jindong Chen, Mengjie Liao & Jian Zhang - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-15.
    The cultural element is the minimum unit of a cultural system. The systematic categorizing, organizing, and retrieval of the traditional Chinese cultural elements are essential prerequisites for the realization of effective extracting and rational utilization, as well as the prerequisite for exploiting the contemporary value of the traditional Chinese culture. To build an objective, integrated, and reliable classification method and a system of traditional Chinese cultural elements, this study takes the text of Taiping Imperial Encyclopedia in Northern Song Dynasty as (...)
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  37.  35
    Individualism, efficiency, and domesticity: Ideological aspects of the exploitation of farm families and farm women. [REVIEW]Jane Adams - 1995 - Agriculture and Human Values 12 (4):2-17.
    A complex conjuncture of ideological constructions obscured and rationalized the systematic exploitation of farm women. First, farming and homemaking, to which people cling in an attempt to avert the alienation of wage labor, provide a basis for evaluating one's labor in terms that, ironically, makes them vulnerable to super-exploitation. Second, agrarian ideologies, with their strongly patriarchal bias, did not allow women to understand themselves as public actors. Modernizing elite ideologies, specifically the equation of entrepreneurial individualism and efficiency with (...)
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  38. Computational entrepreneurship: from economic complexities to interdisciplinary research.Quan-Hoang Vuong - 2019 - Problems and Perspectives in Management 17 (1):117-129.
    The development of technology is unbelievably rapid. From limited local networks to high speed Internet, from crude computing machines to powerful semi-conductors, the world had changed drastically compared to just a few decades ago. In the constantly renewing process of adapting to such an unnaturally high-entropy setting, innovations as well as entirely new concepts, were often born. In the business world, one such phenomenon was the creation of a new type of entrepreneurship. This paper proposes a new academic discipline of (...)
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  39.  7
    Analyse du processus de renforcement des vulnérabilités dans les situations complexes d’autisme.Jean-Yves Gibey Barreyre - 2023 - Alter - European Journal of Disability Research / Revue Européenne de Recherche Sur le Handicap 17-2 (17-2):45-61.
    The article concerns the life paths and the complex situations of autism in Île-de-France (France). It is based on a participative research with professionals and beneficiaries of the Complex Situations of Autism Device (SCATED). The method is organized in 3 phases: 1°- analysis of the context of autism in Île-de-France through the exploitation of the national survey called “ES 2014”; 2°- co-construction between the research team and the professionals of the device of an updated database specific to the device, (...)
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  40.  82
    The origins and governance of complex social systems.Robert Artigiani - 2004 - World Futures 60 (8):593 – 616.
    The new science of Complexity explains that limited knowledge prevents societies from predicting and controlling their developments. But Complexity further suggests that nature uses the limits of knowledge to evolve, which turns an apparent obstacle into an opportunity to reevaluate governmental institutions. As in nature, the limits of knowledge lead social systems to evolve by individuating, liberating, and empowering their members. Societies individuate and liberate their members to probe environments and exploit opportunities. Societies empower individuals to globalize their (...)
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  41.  44
    Tobacco targeting: The ethical complexity of marketing to minorities. [REVIEW]Elise Truly Sautter & Nancy A. Oretskin - 1997 - Journal of Business Ethics 16 (10):1011-1017.
    In recent years, there has been heightened concern regarding the marketing of potentially harmful products (PHPs) to disadvantaged markets. Three issues which commonly dominate discussions in this controversy are: (1) the potential for exploitation of vulnerable markets, (2) the tradeoff between protection of disadvantaged consumers and their rights to make informed choices and (3) the appropriateness of using the commercial speech doctrine to settle the issue of targeting minority markets with PHPs. This paper examines the arguments raised in this (...)
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  42.  17
    Animal suffering and public relations: the ethics of persuasion in the animal industrial complex.Núria Almiron - 2023 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    Animal Suffering and Public Relations conducts an ethical assessment of public relations, mainly persuasive communication and lobbying, as deployed by some of the main businesses involved in the animal industrial complex - the industries participating in the systematic and institutionalized exploitation of animals. Society has been experiencing a growing ethical concern regarding humans' (ab)use of other animals. This is a trend first promoted by the development of animal ethics - which claims any sentient being, because of sentience, deserves moral (...)
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  43.  18
    (1 other version)Celling Black Bodies: Black Women in the Global Prison Industrial Complex.Julia Sudbury - 2002 - Feminist Review 70 (1):57-74.
    The 1980s and 1990s have witnessed an explosion in the population of women prisoners in Europe, North America and Australasia, accompanied by a boom in prison construction. This article argues that this new pattern of women's incarceration has been forged by three overlapping phenomena. The first is the fundamental shift in the role of the state that has occurred as a result of neo-liberal globalization. The second and related phenomenon is the emergence and subsequent global expansion of what has been (...)
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  44.  48
    “It’s all about trust”: reflections of researchers on the complexity and controversy surrounding biobanking in South Africa.Keymanthri Moodley & Shenuka Singh - 2016 - BMC Medical Ethics 17 (1):57.
    Biobanks are precariously situated at the intersection of science, genetics, genomics, society, ethics, the law and politics. This multi-disciplinarity has given rise to a new discourse in health research involving diverse stakeholders. Each stakeholder is embedded in a unique context and articulates his/her biobanking activities differently. To researchers, biobanks carry enormous transformative potential in terms of advancing scientific discovery and knowledge. However, in the context of power asymmetries in Africa and a distrust in science born out of historical exploitation, (...)
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  45. Ethical considerations in the UK-Nepal nurse recruitment: Nepali nurses’ perspectives.Animesh Ghimire, Yunjing Qiu, Mamata Sharma Neupane & Purushottam Ghimire - forthcoming - Nursing Ethics.
    Background The global migration of nurses from resource-constrained to affluent nations raises complex ethical concerns, often rooted in historical power imbalances and neocolonial legacies. The Nepal-UK Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on nurse recruitment, while presented as a solution to workforce shortages, exemplifies this complex dynamic, prompting critical questions about its implications for individual nurses and the healthcare systems involved. Aim This qualitative study explored the ethical complexities and dilemmas associated with the Nepal-UK nurse recruitment Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). This bilateral (...)
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  46. Enactment or Exploration: Two Roles for Philosophy in the Novel of Ideas.Donald Nordberg - 2023 - Philosophy and Literature 47 (1):108-127.
    Abstract:I examine the often-denigrated concept of the novel of ideas from its inception and critical decline to its relatively recent revival. Using a variant of the exploitation-exploration dilemma in psychology, I suggest that early usage referred to works that exploit philosophical principles—or better, enact them—by setting philosophical positions in conflict. By contrast, use of the concept for more recent works sees characters and plots exploring philosophical stances. The shift corresponds with the greater attention paid to complexity and ambiguity (...)
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    Feminist perspectives on human genetics and reproductive technologies.Donna Dickenson - 2016 - eLS (Formerly Known as the Encyclopedia of Life Sciences).
    Feminism offers three separate but equally important insights about human genetics and the new reproductive technologies. First, feminism is concerned with ways in which these new technologies have the potential to exploit women, particularly in the treatment of their reproductive tissue, while seeming to offer both sexes greater reproductive freedom. This risk has been largely ignored by much bioethics, which has concentrated on choice and autonomy at the expense of justice, giving it little to say about the concept of (...). Second, feminist scholars have developed complex and subtle analyses of how women's labour is incorporated into the global bioeconomy in a gendered manner. Although feminist perspectives vary on such issues as surrogate motherhood, they have provided important studies of how women's labour is commodified in the new reproductive technologies. Finally, feminist analysts and activists have been among the leaders in identifying and resisting the threats from commodification and commercialisation in genetic research and patenting, which often affect women disproportionately. In all three areas, feminist writers have drawn specific attention to medical, economic and political impacts on women that had not been adequately considered. (shrink)
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  48. Acting on (bodily) experience.Adrian J. T. Smith - 2009 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 15 (1):82 - 99.
    The complexities of bodily experience are outlined; its spatial phenomenology is specified as the explanatory target. The mereological structure of body representation is discussed; it is claimed that global spatial representations of the body are not necessary, as structural features of the actual body can be exploited in partial internal representation. The spatial structure of bodily experience is discussed; a structural affordance theory is introduced; it is claimed that bodily experience and subpersonal representation have action-orientated content; and that egocentric terms (...)
     
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  49. The Social Trackways Theory of the Evolution of Human Cognition.Kim Shaw-Williams - 2014 - Biological Theory 9 (1):16-26.
    Only our lineage has ever used trackways reading to find unseen and unheard targets. All other terrestrial animals, including our great ape cousins, use scent trails and airborne odors. Because trackways as natural signs have very different properties, they possess an information-rich narrative structure. There is good evidence we began to exploit conspecific trackways in our deep past, at first purely associatively, for safety and orienteering when foraging in vast featureless wetlands. Since our own old trackways were recognizable they were (...)
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  50. Medical diagnostic reasoning: Epistemological modeling as a strategy for design of computer-based consultation programs.Giovanni Barosi, Lorenzo Magnani & Mario Stefanelli - 1993 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 14 (1).
    The complexity of cognitive emulation of human diagnostic reasoning is the major challenge in the implementation of computer-based programs for diagnostic advice in medicine. We here present an epistemological model of diagnosis with the ultimate goal of defining a high-level language for cognitive and computational primitives. The diagnostic task proceeds through three different phases: hypotheses generation, hypotheses testing and hypotheses closure. Hypotheses generation has the inferential form of abduction (from findings to hypotheses) constrained under the criterion of plausibility. Hypotheses (...)
     
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