Results for 'Immunology'

368 found
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  1.  31
    Immunological findings in psychotic syndromes: a tertiary care hospital's CSF sample of 180 patients.Dominique Endres, Evgeniy Perlov, Annette Baumgartner, Tilman Hottenrott, Rick Dersch, Oliver Stich & Ludger Tebartz Van Elst - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9:154867.
    Immunological mechanisms and therapy approaches in psychotic syndromes were recently supported by the discovery of autoantibody-associated limbic and non-limbic encephalitis. However, how clinical diagnostic procedures in psychiatry should be adapted to these new insights is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimmunological alterations and their association with cerebral MRI (cMRI) and electroencephalographic (EEG) findings. From 2006 until 2013, we acquired 180 CSF samples from psychotic patients. Between 2006 and 2009, CSF examinations were only performed (...)
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  2.  7
    Immunology Gone Wild: Researchers bridge the divide between ecology and immunology.Vanessa Schipani - 2016 - BioScience 66 (2):100–106.
    Ecologists and immunologists have long approached scientific inquiry in fundamentally different ways. Immunologists thrive on drilling down into molecular minutiae, but ecologists strive to uncover broad associations between organisms and their environment. One field's signal has also been the other's noise—ecology explores uncontrolled variation, whereas immunology seeks to reduce it at all costs. -/- “When I was in graduate school 10 years ago and I tried to get immunologists to help me, they thought I was crazy,” says Amy Pedersen, (...)
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  3. The immunological self.Zdenka Brzović - 2017 - In Boran Berčić, Perspectives on the Self. University of Rijeka. pp. 81-95.
    The problem of defining the self has traditionally been conceived as a task for philosophers. However, the development of immunology in the second part of the 20th century has led many scientists to conclude that immunology is the science of the self. This led to two different approaches to biological individuality: physiological individuation that is mostly concerned with organisms seen as strongly cohesive and unified metabolic entities, and evolutionary individuation where evolution by natural selection is seen as the (...)
     
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  4. Philosophy of immunology.Bartlomiej Swiatczak & Alfred I. Tauber - 2020 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2020.
    Philosophy of immunology is a subfield of philosophy of biology dealing with ontological and epistemological issues related to the studies of the immune system. While speculative investigations and abstract analyses have always been part of immune theorizing, until recently philosophers have largely ignored immunology. Yet the implications for understanding the philosophical basis of organismal functions framed by immunity offer new perspectives on fundamental questions of biology and medicine. Developed in the context of history of medicine, theoretical biology, and (...)
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  5.  14
    Immunology and population health: collaboration without convergence.Melinda Bonnie Fagan - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science:1-15.
    Immunology is a notoriously complex field with distinct concepts and terminology. Yet immunologists regularly and effectively collaborate with other researchers, notably clinicians and experts in population health. How does such ‘collaboration without convergence’ work? This paper offers an answer. Immunology exhibits three features that support collaboration in the absence of major consensus on theories, methods, or concepts. These are: a multifaceted target of inquiry, therapeutic aspirations, and a clear interdisciplinary pathway. Building on these features, I sketch a general (...)
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  6. Immunology, The Making of a Science.Richard B. Gallagher, Jean Gilder, G. J. V. Nossal, Gaetano Salvatore & Peter Keating - 1997 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 19 (3):423.
     
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  7.  23
    Immunology's Theories of Cognition.Alfred I. Tauber - 2013 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 35 (2):239-264.
    Contemporary immunology has established its fundamental theory as a biological expression of personal identity, wherein the "immune self" is defended by the immune system. Protection of this agent putatively requires a cognitive capacity by which the self and the foreign are perceived and thereby discriminated; from such information, discernment of the environment is achieved and activation of pathways leading to an immune response may be initiated. This so-called cognitive paradigm embeds such functions as "perception," "recognition," "learning," and "memory" to (...)
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  8.  29
    Philosophy of Immunology.Thomas Pradeu - 2020 - Cambridge University Press.
    Immunology is central to contemporary biology and medicine, but it also provides novel philosophical insights. Its most significant contribution to philosophy concerns the understanding of biological individuality: what a biological individual is, what makes it unique, how its boundaries are established and what ensures its identity through time. Immunology also offers answers to some of the most interesting philosophical questions. What is the definition of life? How are bodily systems delineated? How do the mind and the body interact? (...)
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  9.  59
    Immunology : The Natural Selection Theory, the Two Signal Hypothesis and Positive Repertoire Selection.Donald R. Forsdyke - 2012 - Journal of the History of Biology 45 (1):139-161.
    Observations suggesting the existence of natural antibody prior to exposure of an organism to the corresponding antigen, led to the natural selection theory of antibody formation of Jerne in 1955, and to the two signal hypothesis of Forsdyke in 1968. Aspects of these were not only first discoveries but also foundational discoveries in that they influenced contemporaries in a manner that, from our present vantage point, appears to have been constructive. Jerne’s later hypothesis (1971, European Journal of Immunology 1: (...)
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  10. Humans as bacteria? Cultural immunology in contemporary Japan.Natalia Anna Michna & Leszek Sosnowski - 2025 - Cogent 12 (1):1-14.
    The starting point for the considerations in the article is the statement of Keiko Yamanaka that the Japanese know nothing about resistance to the bacterium represented by another human being. In the article, however, we put forward the thesis that Japanese culture has developed a collective immune system resulting not from individual but from shared systemic immunology in connection with the performance of family, professional and social functions. The analysis of Japanese ‘cultural immunology’ includes an examination of the (...)
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  11.  17
    Immunologically privileged sites in transplantation immunology and oncology.Judith R. Head & Rupert E. Billingham - 1985 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 29 (1):115-131.
  12.  16
    The Age of Immunology: Conceiving a Future in an Alienating World.A. David Napier - 2003 - University of Chicago Press.
    In this fascinating and inventive work, A. David Napier argues that the central assumption of immunology—that we survive through the recognition and elimination of non-self—has become a defining concept of the modern age. Tracing this immunological understanding of self and other through an incredibly diverse array of venues, from medical research to legal and military strategies and the electronic revolution, Napier shows how this defensive way of looking at the world not only destroys diversity but also eliminates the possibility (...)
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  13. A general account of selection: Biology, immunology, and behavior.David L. Hull, Rodney E. Langman & Sigrid S. Glenn - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (3):511-528.
    Authors frequently refer to gene-based selection in biological evolution, the reaction of the immune system to antigens, and operant learning as exemplifying selection processes in the same sense of this term. However, as obvious as this claim may seem on the surface, setting out an account of “selection” that is general enough to incorporate all three of these processes without becoming so general as to be vacuous is far from easy. In this target article, we set out such a general (...)
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  14. Philosophical Problems of Immunology (2nd edition).Bartlomiej Swiatczak - 2017 - In Thomas Schramme & Steven Edwards, Handbook of the Philosophy of Medicine. Springer. pp. 1-17.
    At the dawn of the computational era, immunology is at a crossroads: Its efforts to frame microbial-host interactions in combative, war-related terms no longer fit the larger picture of immune protection, and its focus on antimicrobial responses barely captures the diverse functions of the immune system, from tissue maintenance to cancer surveillance to development. As the classical view of immune processes becomes increasingly complex, the problem of self, individuality, mind-body interactions, and disease causation have stimulated extensive philosophical comment. Relating (...)
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  15.  42
    SPECTERS OF RELIGION: sloterdijk, immunology, and the crisis of immanence.Gary E. Aylesworth - 2021 - Angelaki 26 (1):51-65.
    In his publications since the three-volume Spheres project, Peter Sloterdijk thematizes religion as a now outmoded immunological system. He says it can no longer perform its historical function because humans have lost the protection of a world periphery. The entirety of what was “outside” is now “inside,” and this has happened because: (1) spheres are systems, and as Luhmann shows, systems naturally complexify and expand themselves by becoming self-reflective; and (2), as Nietzsche says, humans are driven by a need to (...)
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  16. ImmPort, toward repurposing of open access immunological assay data for translational and clinical research.Sanchita Bhattacharya, Patrick Dunn, Cristel Thomas, Barry Smith, Henry Schaefer, Jieming Chen, Zicheng Hu, Kelly Zalocusky, Ravi Shankar & Shai Shen-Orr - 2018 - Scientific Data 5:180015.
    Immunology researchers are beginning to explore the possibilities of reproducibility, reuse and secondary analyses of immunology data. Open-access datasets are being applied in the validation of the methods used in the original studies, leveraging studies for meta-analysis, or generating new hypotheses. To promote these goals, the ImmPort data repository was created for the broader research community to explore the wide spectrum of clinical and basic research data and associated findings. The ImmPort ecosystem consists of four components–Private Data, Shared (...)
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  17. What is an organism? An immunological answer.Thomas Pradeu - 2010 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 32 (2-3):247-267.
    The question “What is an organism?”, formerly considered as essential in biology, has now been increasingly replaced by a larger question, “What is a biological individual?”. On the grounds that i) individuation is theory-dependent, and ii) physiology does not offer a theory, biologists and philosophers of biology have claimed that it is the theory of evolution by natural selection which tells us what counts as a biological individual. Here I show that one physiological field, immunology, offers a theory, which (...)
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  18. The immunological transformation : on the way to thin-walled 'societies'.Peter Sloterdijk - 2013 - In Timothy C. Campbell & Adam Sitze, Biopolitics: A Reader. Durham: Duke University Press.
     
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  19.  13
    Immunology: The Sword and shield--is it only a science of man's immunity to threats from the ecosystem?M. G. Niemialtowski - 2000 - Dialogue and Universalism 10:177-178.
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  20.  23
    The Specificity of Immunologic Observations.N. M. Vaz - 2011 - Constructivist Foundations 6 (3):334-342.
    Context: Immunity includes cognitive concepts: the organism is thought to specifically recognize foreign materials and develop a memory of these encounters. Vaccines are thought to work by enhancing this immunological memory. Lymphocytes are key cells and specific antibodies are key molecules in immune recognition. Antibodies are blood proteins called “immunoglobulins.” Spontaneously formed immunoglobulins are seen as “natural” antibodies to dietary components and commensal bacteria. Immune cognition is used simply as a didactic metaphor. Problem: Do the cognitive aspects of immunology (...)
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  21.  13
    Immunology--the science of immunity, a key to understanding humankind's place in a hostile world.M. G. Niemialtowski - 2000 - Dialogue and Universalism 10:19-24.
  22. Immunology and the enigma of selfhood.Alfred I. Tauber & Mn Norton Wise - 2004 - In M. Norton Wise, Growing explanations: historical perspectives on recent science. Durham: Duke University Press.
     
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  23.  10
    Can immunological manipulation defeat SARS‐CoV‐2? Why G‐CSF induced neutrophil expansion is worth a clinical trial.Hiroshi Katayama - 2021 - Bioessays 43 (2):2000232.
    Immunity against SARS‐CoV‐2 that is acquired by convalescent COVID‐19 patients is examined in reference to (A) the Th17 cell generation system in psoriatic epidermis and (B) a recently discovered phenomenon in which Th17 cells are converted into tissue‐resident memory T (TRM) cells with Th1 phenotype. Neutrophils that are attracted to the site of infection secrete IL‐17A, which stimulates lung epithelial cells to express CCL20. Natural Th17 (nTh17) cells are recruited to the infection site by CCL20 and expand in the presence (...)
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  24.  39
    Immunology of music”? A short introduction to cognitive science of musical improvisation.Witold Wachowski - 2012 - Avant: Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies 3 (1):182-187.
    Studies on music in the area of cognitive sciences – quite varied despite their short history – meet with scepticism. The author of this introduction, presenting some spectacular examples of research on musical improvisation, tries to demonstrate that they enrich rather than reduce our understanding of this phenomenon.
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  25.  54
    Fashioning the Immunological Self: The Biological Individuality of F. Macfarlane Burnet. [REVIEW]Warwick Anderson & Ian R. Mackay - 2014 - Journal of the History of Biology 47 (1):147-175.
    During the 1940s and 1950s, the Australian microbiologist F. Macfarlane Burnet sought a biologically plausible explanation of antibody production. In this essay, we seek to recover the conceptual pathways that Burnet followed in his immunological theorizing. In so doing, we emphasize the influence of speculations on individuality, especially those of philosopher Alfred North Whitehead; the impact of cybernetics and information theory; and the contributions of clinical research into autoimmune disease that took place in Melbourne. We point to the influence of (...)
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  26. The self model and the conception of biological identity in immunology.Thomas Pradeu & Edgardo D. Carosella - 2006 - Biology and Philosophy 21 (2):235-252.
    The self/non-self model, first proposed by F.M. Burnet, has dominated immunology for 60 years now. According to this model, any foreign element will trigger an immune reaction in an organism, whereas endogenous elements will not, in normal circumstances, induce an immune reaction. In this paper we show that the self/non-self model is no longer an appropriate explanation of experimental data in immunology, and that this inadequacy may be rooted in an excessively strong metaphysical conception of biological identity. We (...)
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  27.  9
    The Limits of the Self: Immunology and Biological Identity.Elizabeth Vitanza (ed.) - 2012 - , US: Oup Usa.
    What counts as an individual in the living world? What does it mean for a living thing to remain the same through time, while constantly changing? Immunology answers these questions with its theory of "self" and "nonself" which has dominated the field since the 1940s. Thomas Pradeu argues that this theory is inadequate, because immune responses to self constituents and immune tolerance of foreign entities are the rule, not the exception.
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  28.  25
    Amphibian metamorphosis: An immunologic opportunity!Laurens N. Ruben, Richard H. Clothier, Michael Balls & John D. Horton - 1989 - Bioessays 10 (1):8-12.
    Anuran amphibian metamorphosis is an immunologically interesting period. For the investigator, it provides an unusual opportunity for analyzing both humoral regulation of the immune response and the development and maintenance of self‐tolerance. Some of the questions one can ask are: Why don't immunocompetent larvae destroy antigenically disparate adult cells as they differentiate within them during metamorphosis? Do the dramatic hormonal changes occurring during this period regulate immunological function? How do animals in metamophorsis protect themselves from their immunologically hostile environment?
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  29.  29
    The immunological self: a centenary perspective.Alfred I. Tauber - 1991 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 35 (1):74.
  30.  96
    The Limits of the Self: Immunology and Biological Identity.Thomas Pradeu - 2012 - , US: Oxford University Press.
    The Limits of the Self, will be essential reading for anyone interested in the definition of biological individuality and the understanding of the immune system.
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  31. Immunology in the Clinics: Reductionism, Holism or Both?Ilana Löwy - 2008 - In Kenton Kroker, Jennifer Keelan & Pauline Mazumdar, Crafting Immunity: Working Histories of Clinical Immunology. Ashgate. pp. 165--76.
     
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  32.  9
    5 Immunological identity.Philippa Marrack - 2010 - In Giselle Walker & Elisabeth Leedham-Green, Identity. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 21--110.
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  33.  9
    The Tao Of Immunology: A Revolutionary New Understanding Of Our Body's Defenses.Marc Lappe - 2001 - Da Capo Press.
    This groundbreaking book brings together the latest discoveries about the immune system in both Eastern and Western medicine to show how a balanced system can help strengthen the body.
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  34. Animated Bodies in Immunological Practices: Craftsmanship, Embodied Knowledge, Emotions and Attitudes Toward Animals.Daniel Bischur - 2011 - Human Studies 34 (4):407-429.
    Taking up the body turn in sociology, this paper discusses scientific practices as embodied action from the perspective of Husserl’s phenomenological theory of the “Body”. Based on ethnographic data on a biology laboratory it will discuss the importance of the scientist’s Body for the performance of scientific activities. Successful researchers have to be skilled workers using their embodied knowledge for the process of tinkering towards the material transformation of their objects for data production. The researcher’s body then is an instrument (...)
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  35.  59
    In defense of the organism: Thomas Pradeu : The limits of the self: immunology and biological identity. Oxford University Press, New York, 2012, ix+302 pp, $65 HB, ISBN: 978-0-19-977528-6.Matthew H. Haber - 2014 - Biology and Philosophy 29 (6):885-895.
    Thomas Pradeu’s The Limits of the Self provides a precise account of biological identity developed from the central concepts of immunology. Yet the central concepts most relevant to this task are themselves deemed inadequate, suffering from ambiguity and imprecision. Pradeu seeks to remedy this by proposing a new guiding theory for immunology, the continuity theory. From this, an account of biological identity is provided in terms of uniqueness and individuality, ultimately leading to a defense of the heterogeneous organism (...)
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  36.  26
    The condition of immunology.Leon T. Rosenberg - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (3):408-408.
  37. Maternal Agency and the Immunological Paradox of Pregnancy.Moira Howes - 2007 - In Harold Kincaid & Jennifer McKitrick, Establishing medical reality: Methodological and metaphysical issues in philosophy of medicine. Springer Publishing Company.
     
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  38.  31
    Immunology seen through the dark glass of autoimmunity: Warwick Anderson and Ian R. Mackay: Intolerant Bodies. A short history of autoimmunity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 264pp, $25.95 PB. [REVIEW]Alfred I. Tauber - 2015 - Metascience 24 (3):385-391.
    Few topics in contemporary science hold the wide interest commanded by immunology, so this graceful and timely account of the development of this science is a welcomed addition to the literature. Succinct, well-written, and informed, Intolerant Bodies narrates the history of immunology through the lens of autoimmune disease. In what the authors call “a biography” , they have focused on four central illnesses: multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, the story told (...)
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  39.  91
    The pluripotent history of immunology. A review.Neeraja Sankaran - 2012 - Avant: Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies 3 (1):37-54.
    The historiography of immunology since 1999 is reviewed, in part as a response to claims by historians such as Thomas Söderqvist the field was still immature at the time. First addressed are the difficulties, past and present, surrounding the disciplinary definition of immunology, which is followed by a commentary on the recent scholarship devoted to the concept of the immune self. The new literature on broad immunological topics is examined and assessed, and specific charges leveled against the paucity (...)
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  40.  89
    A Complementary Account of Scientific Modelling: Modelling Mechanisms in Cancer Immunology.Martin Zach - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
    According to a widely held view, scientific modelling consists in entertaining a set of model descriptions that specify a model. Rather than studying the phenomenon of interest directly, scientists investigate the phenomenon indirectly via a model in the hope of learning about some of the phenomenon’s features. I call this view the description-driven modelling (DDM) account. I argue that although an accurate description of much of scientific research, the DDM account is found wanting as regards the mechanistic modelling found in (...)
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  41. Neutralizing flu:“Immunological Devices” and the Making of a Virus Disease.Michael Bresalier - 2008 - In Kenton Kroker, Jennifer Keelan & Pauline Mazumdar, Crafting Immunity: Working Histories of Clinical Immunology. Ashgate. pp. 107--44.
     
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  42.  45
    Introduction: Immunology as a historical object. [REVIEW]Alberto Cambrosio, Peter Keating & Alfred I. Tauber - 1994 - Journal of the History of Biology 27 (3):375-378.
  43.  44
    Putting in the Graft: Philosophy and Immunology.Elina Staikou - 2014 - Derrida Today 7 (2):155-179.
    How does one testify and, moreover, testify philosophically to the experience of receiving an organ transplant? What kinds of survival or forms of living are being fostered by newly emerging conjunctions between philosophy and biomedicine? Focusing on transplantation and immunology, we are going to reflect on some of the ways and styles in which motifs drawn from these biomedical fields have come to occupy an increasingly prominent place in recent philosophy expressing and formulating different concerns and paradigms. Spurred on (...)
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  44.  26
    Dimensions that affect implementation of the quality system in the Center of Immunology and Biological Products.Cira Cecilia León Ramentol & José Aureliano Betancourt-Bethencourt - 2019 - Humanidades Médicas 19 (1):131-143.
    RESUMEN Introducción: la implementación del sistema de gestión de la calidad en el Centro de Inmunología y Productos Biológicos no ha producido los resultados esperados. Objetivo: exponer factores que afectan la implementación del mismo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio a través de encuesta de enero a mayo de 2018 en el Centro de Inmunología y Productos Biológicos de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Carlos J. Finlay de Camagüey, Cuba. El universo de las personas involucradas fue de 31, a (...)
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  45.  29
    Improved vaccines through targeted manipulation of the body's immunological risk‐assessment?Leif E. Sander - 2012 - Bioessays 34 (10):876-884.
    Recent advances have highlighted the outstanding role of the innate immune system for instructing adaptive immunity. Translating this knowledge into successful immunotherapies like vaccines, however, has proven to be a difficult task. This essay is based on the hypothesis that immune responses are tightly scaled to the infectious threat posed by a given microbial stimulus. A meticulous immunological risk‐assessment process is therefore instrumental for eliciting well‐balanced responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. The immune system makes fine distinctions, for example, between live (...)
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  46.  78
    The search for the hematopoietic stem cell: social interaction and epistemic success in immunology.Melinda B. Fagan - 2005 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 38 (1):217-237.
    Epistemology of science is currently polarized. Descriptive accounts of the social aspects of science coexist uneasily with normative accounts of scientific knowledge. This tension leads students of science to privilege one of these important aspects over the other. I use an episode of recent immunology research to develop an integrative account of scientific inquiry that resolves the tension between sociality and epistemic success. The search for the hematopoietic stem cell by members of Irving Weissman’s laboratory at Stanford University Medical (...)
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  47. Self, Intentionality, and Immunological Explanation.Moira Howes - 2000 - Seminars in Immunology 12 (3):249-256.
  48. From an Immunological Point of View: the Move From '''Self'''towards Interactionism to Define Biological Identity. Pradeu, Thomas & Others - forthcoming - Philosophical Explorations.
     
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  49.  88
    Epidemiology, Immunology, and Yellow Fever: The Rockefeller Foundation in Brazil, 1923–1939. [REVIEW]Ilana Löwy - 1997 - Journal of the History of Biology 30 (3):397 - 417.
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  50.  13
    Advances in immunology.Martin F. Flanik - 1994 - Bioessays 16 (9):671-675.
    Much was accomplished in the last decade in understanding how the adaptive immune system evolved to combat pathogens. Essential features of antigen presentation and T lymphocyte recognition were decipherd, setting the stage for further studies that elucidated basic elements of lymphocyte differentiation (including positive and negative selection during lymphocyte ontogeny) and the major interactions that occur among cells in secondary lymphoid organs in an ongoing immune response. The major challenges of today are found in the burgeoning fields of programmed cells (...)
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