This article examines the impact of innovative development on the competitiveness of enterprises. The current trend of globalization and the spread of innovation has a comprehensive effect on the economic environment. Businesses that are the driving force of the economy must take into account the current conditions of post-industrial society to maintain their position in the market. With the openness of the domestic market, enterprises operate in terms of inclusion in a single economic, information and communication space, which leads to (...) increased competition and the need to ensure adequate to the new reality of approaches to the activities of enterprises. The factors of competitiveness of enterprises that will ensure high efficiency of their work, competitiveness, stable market position and the possibility of development in accordance with the objectives are analyzed. In a competitive environment, stable positions are occupied by enterprises that are able to form a balanced development program, effectively maneuvering the internal factors of competitiveness and adapting to the conditions of external factors. It is noted that innovative development affects both external and internal factors of competitiveness. External factors of competitiveness under the influence of innovative development tend to improve the conditions for entrepreneurs. The application of innovation to the internal factors of innovation competitiveness is an important element of competitive strength. (shrink)

The market capitalization of an enterprise is one of the key indicators characterizing the degree of influence of financial and non-financial instruments on its volumes and dynamics. Establishing the relationship between such instruments and metrics of equity and cash flows best delineates the plane of their direct impact on stimulating market capitalization. This is aimed at ensuring the implementation of effective management measures in the context of optimizing the use of equity and cash flows. The aim of the study was (...) to establish how the influence of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on equity and cash flows forms a relevant basis for making management decisions to increase enterprise market capitalization. During the research, the following methods were used: summarization and grouping, multiple linear regression, direct ranking method, establishment of cause-and-effect relationships, logical generalization, and analytical method. As a result of the study, the toolkit for increasing the market capitalization of the enterprise from the standpoint of its grouping in terms of financial and non-financial plane was clarified. It was found that among the 36 analyzed indicators of the impact on equity and cash flows of the studied machine-building enterprises in Ukraine during the period 2010-2021, the most significant are bank lending, investment and technical metals, research and development costs, foreign scientific and technical services received, production investments, work-in-progress, and accounts payable for products, goods, and services. The results were transformed into a model of ranked instruments for stimulating the market capitalization of machine-building enterprises, which demonstrates the degree and directions of the influence of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on the dynamics of equity and cash flows, which ensures the formation of an information database for making decisions on the further use of such instruments. The structuring of the toolkit serves as the basis for forming a system of management decisions containing practical recommendations within each group of instruments aimed at optimizing market capitalization through increased equity and cash flows of the enterprise. The obtained results will be beneficial to financial analysts of enterprises in preparing databases for making financial and non-financial decisions. (shrink)

The article by Iryna Horokholinska «Value challenges of the present: reflections about morally appropriate and religious faith» is aimed to the analysis of the moral and religious portrait of a modern person – in the conditions of globalization and secularization. Should we talk about the total secularization? Did the renaissance of religiosity really come to be? And what's important: what is the mission and strategy of the Church's actions in influencing the axiological self-determination of the modern person? As a (...) Christian can be to a Christian, but not to be preserved in a culturally and mentally obsolete system of priorities for the regulation of personal life? These questions are precisely the markers in the search for the answer to the urgent question addressed to representatives of the Western Civilization - Quo Vadis? (shrink)

The ability to learn sequential contingencies of actions for predicting future outcomes is indispensable for flexible behavior in many daily decision-making contexts. It remains open whether such ability may be enhanced by transcranial direct current stimulation. The present study combined tDCS with functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate potential tDCS-induced effects on sequential decision-making and the neural mechanisms underlying such modulations. Offline tDCS and sham stimulation were applied over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young male adults in a (...) double-blind between-subject design using a three-state Markov decision task. The results showed an enhanced dlPFC hemodynamic response during the acquisition of sequential state transitions that is consistent with the findings from a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study; a tDCS-induced increase of the hemodynamic response in the dlPFC, but without accompanying performance-enhancing effects at the behavioral level; and a greater tDCS-induced upregulation of hemodynamic responses in the delayed reward condition that seems to be associated with faster decision speed. Taken together, these findings provide empirical evidence for fNIRS as a suitable method for investigating hemodynamic correlates of sequential decision-making as well as functional brain correlates underlying tDCS-induced modulation. Future research with larger sample sizes for carrying out subgroup analysis is necessary in order to decipher interindividual differences in tDCS-induced effects on sequential decision-making process at the behavioral and brain levels. (shrink)

The article analyzes the main aspects of the interpretation of philosophical thinking by the Polish philosopher Leszek Kolakowskі. He is more known as a brilliant disputant on the history of Marxism and the prospects for the further development of Marxist theory, but his thoughts on the nature and functions of philosophical thinking in the broadest sense are of no less importance, since they address the painful issue of the autonomy of thinking. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the (...) principles that, according to the philosopher, would allow thinking to maintain its autonomy under the pressure of ideas and ideologies. Utopia and nihilism in the interpretation of L. Kolakowskі appear as temptations of the modern world. It is in the quest for defending from these “monsters” that the philosopher comes to the conclusion that the basis of utopia and nihilism are certain ideas about the truth. Through the prism of this theoretical discovery, he reveals the importance of consensus, tolerance, compromise, and non-consistency as epistemological tools of support or undermining of ideologies. The basic epistemological model the philosopher used has been reproduced by means of theoretical reconstruction. This is the attitude of the subject to the truth, which is realized in two ways: to either master the truth on the basis of certain beliefs or neglect the truth on the basis of other beliefs. With the help of this model, the philosopher comes to understanding that dogmatism and unification are not only utopian diseases but also nihilists. The reason for this is loyalty to one’s own truth, that is, thinking without gaps based on unchanging principles and aimed at reproducing certain institutional and social constants. Instead, inconsistency as a principle forms a completely different setting, the advantage of which is that it extends to itself and frees a thinker from the need to be or not to be consistent, but does not relieve the search of truth and meaning, without which human existence is impossible, according to L. Kolakowskі. The reconstruction was carried out on the basis of analysis of articles and essays of various years, combined with the development of concepts of utopia and nihilism as alternative projects of human existence, rooted in the epistemological directions of the subject. (shrink)

In the context of Ukraine’s membership in the WTO, the functioning of a free trade area with the EU, the opportunity for agricultural producers to obtain a larger share of the value added is primarily linked to the intensification of trade in domestic livestock products and their processing products. However, their production is one of the high-risk areas and requires a set of measures aimed at ensuring proper quality. Without effective solution of the problem of quality of livestock products it (...) is impossible to ensure its competitiveness in the world market, to guarantee the rational nutrition of the population of the country, the availability of the necessary components for the vital activity of the human body. The aim of the research is to determine the socio-economic factors for ensuring the quality of livestock products in Ukraine. The scientific and specific research methods were used to solve the tasks set in the work: the historical method; abstraction method; method of comparative analysis; system-structural method. The main producer of livestock products in Ukraine are households. They do not have the capabilities to implement technologies of keeping, feeding, veterinary services, programs prerequisites for guaranteeing the safety of products, adherence to the HACCP principles. In Ukraine, real technical, economic and organizational-economic prerequisites for ensuring the safety and quality of livestock products are created only in the poultry meat sector. During 2015-2017, the trends in production of almost all types of livestock products except poultry and honey were identified. One of the reasons for this situation was, firstly, decreasing in capital investment in the livestock sector, and secondly, the low profitability of production of livestock products in the context of accelerated growth in prices for resources. It is proved that insignificant market (price) incentives should be supplemented with instruments of state assistance to improve the quality parameters of products on the basis of specialized enterprises. The necessity of state support for the production of livestock products based on small and medium-sized enterprises is substantiated. This will effectively combine the processes of increasing the production of livestock products with the environmental friendliness of production and steady improvement of quality. It is shown that the low quality of certain livestock products in Ukraine is caused by insufficient living standards of the population and low incomes of the majority of households, which cause them to consume low quality products. It is determined that the problem of guaranteeing the quality of livestock products in Ukraine has deep roots cause due to the influence of socio-economic factors. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is needed to solve it, which is not limited to improving the efficiency of the state control system and successfully harmonizing of the Ukrainian technical regulation system with the European one. The problem of low quality and the danger of livestock production requires a systematic approach for its solution, which is not limited, in particular, by measures to improve the system of state control and ensure approximation of the domestic technical regulation system to the European one. In Ukraine, major high-quality animal products are economically inaccessible to a large part of households. The projected increase in safety parameters and a certain improvement in the quality of livestock products as a result of the implementation of regulations adopted in 2014-2017, will necessarily lead to an increase in its value, and therefore may lead to a decrease in market demand and even greater inaccessibility of these products to people. All this can only aggravate the situation with guaranteeing the food security of the country, forming the prerequisites for increasing the intellectual capacity of the nation. (shrink)

The paper deals with the problem of the nature of logic and its normativity in the context of the normativity of scientific knowledge in general. We proceed from a division between fundamental aspects of scientific knowledge which are related to the nature and subject matter of particular sciences, and its applied aspects which are related to the possible applications of sciences. This division fully applies to logic. The authors note that if we view logic as a completely objective discipline, devoid (...) of any "anthropological basis", then the only rational alternative to anti-realist approaches is an ontological (realistic) strategy to justify the logical ones that seek to justify a certain kind of being. To do this, it is necessary to abandon the normative interpretation of logical evaluations and logical systems. Logic can gain a true ontological foundation, based on the devoid of the normative color of understanding logical evaluations as a particular kind of object. Logic has both a deductive core, and various applied disciplines, modern informal logic among them. While formal deductive logic is concentrated on the systems of abstract logical entities (objects) such as truth values and logical functions, the main task of informal logic consist in studying a real argument, which people apply in communicative processes, by elaborating certain standards, criteria and procedures for their interpretation and evaluation. No science can be normative in its basic (fundamental) aspects, and so is logic. Nevertheless, any science is in some degree normative with respect to its applied aspects, and informal logic perfectly illustrates this in view of a normative evolving of applied systems of the modern theories of argumentation. In addition to denying the normativity of formal deductive logic as a fundamental theoretical discipline, the authors of this article demonstrate the fundamental possibility of normative measurement of logical knowledge, in particular in the applied aspect of the development of modern informal logic. (shrink)

The main obstacles to market development of alternative energy sources are defined. The implications and impact of existing barriers to this market is considered. The reasons hindering the liberalization of trade in environmental goods and technologies are analyzed.

This paper argued that interpreting logic solely as a formal discipline is unjustified, as this science has always included a significant informal component related to its application in argumentative discourse. The Aristotelian paradigm, based on the subject-predicate approach to the logical-philosophical analysis of language, has influenced the history of logic significantly. The functional analysis of language introduced by Gottlob Frege marked a shift to the modern logical paradigm. This led to the rise of symbolic logic, disrupting the established balance between (...) the formal and informal components of logical knowledge for a time. The application of the latest analytical methods in informal logic has enabled research in this field to meet contemporary scientific standards. This development helps restore the balance between the formal and informal aspects of general logic. (shrink)

In the context of the socio-political instability that exists in Ukraine, the problem of stress resistance among psychological service professionals has emerged. The aim of the research is to analyse the professional activity of psychologists in Ukraine at the present stage under the influence of stress factors. The following methods were used to study the nature of stress and its impact on the personality of a psychologist: analytical and synthesis methods, statistical, comparative, survey and interpretive methods. The research results theoretically (...) reveal the peculiarities of the concept of stress, the stages of stress development, and identify the main stressors of professional activity. An empirical study of the stress resistance of psychologists was conducted. The influence of stress on the quality of psychological care was determined. Professional qualities in the psychologist's personality structure were identified, the phenomenon of professional exhaustion, the role of countertransference in counselling were studied, the importance of the code of ethics for psychologists and its violation in the course of practice were revealed. The importance of interventions and supervision as a means of psychological support for the professional development of psychologists was investigated, and statistical indicators of the level of stress were analysed. The practical significance of the research is determined by the current coverage of the problem of the impact of stress on the professional activity of a psychologist and in the creation of effective ways of emotional self-preservation and development of stress resistance, which provide the search for their resources for self-healing and effective work. (shrink)

У статті здійснено міждисциплінарне дослідження феномену казки та охарактеризовано особливості проведення казкотерапії. Проаналізовано основні класифікації казок, які зустрічаються у арт-терапії. Зокрема, види казок за світоглядним типом: міфологічна, релігійна, наукова, філософська та види казок, за якими здійснюється недирективна взаємодія із дитиною: художні, дидактичні, психотерапевтичні, психокорекційні, медитативні. Проаналізовано широку джерельну базу щодо підходів до виникнення та значення казки у житті людини, починаючи від поглядів давньогрецьких філософів. Досліджено досвід сучасних українських та закордонних теоретиків і практиків арт-терапії, що зосередили свою діяльність навколо актуальних проблем (...) казкотерапевтичних методів роботи. Під терміном казкотерапії розуміються засоби передачі психологічних знань про соціальне становлення особистості за допомогою метафоричних засобів (за Т. Д. Зінкевич-Євстигнєєвою). Визначено, що казкотерапія є одним із найдавніших психологічних та педагогічних методів роботи. Проаналізовано теоретико-методологічні основи казкотерапії, систематизовано найпоширеніші методи роботи з казкою, сформульовано вимоги та основні компоненти казкотерапевтичних занять. Визначено, що казкотерапія є універсальним методом роботи, який найбільш актуальний на заняттях із дітьми дошкільного віку та школярами, однак він може бути дієвим навіть у роботі з дорослими. Обґрунтовано, що казкотерапевтичні заняття найбільш вдало можна організувати під час навчально-виховного процесу у закладах позашкільної освіти, однак, потрібно чітко розуміти мету таких уроків та аудиторію, на яку вони розраховані. Визначено етапи арт-терапевтичних занять у закладах позашкільної освіти, проаналізовано найпоширеніші принципи підбору казок. Доведено, що ефективність організації навчального-виховного процесу на основі казкотерапії безпосередньо пов’язана із дотриманням певного алгоритму роботи, однак вимагає постійного моніторингу та гнучкості. Охарактеризовано правила створення та функціонування середовища для проведення арт-терапевтичних занять. (shrink)

The article examines the history of the development and perception of S. Freud's concepts in Ukraine in the first half of the twentieth century. The author notes that the history of psychoanalysis has been removed from our historical and cultural memory for many years, and the works of Ukrainian psychoanalysts in the Soviet era have entirely fallen out of scientific circulation. However, at the beginning of the twentieth century, psychoanalysis started developing quite successfully in Ukraine and had prospects for further (...) development and deepening. The author examines four main centres for the spread of psychoanalysis in Ukraine in the first half of the twentieth century: Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv and Lviv and highlights their peculiarities. It also analyzes four periods of the spread and development of psychoanalysis on the territory of Ukraine: 1. The perception and spread of psychoanalysis (1900-1917); 2. Creative development and rethinking of psychoanalysis in Ukraine (20s-early 30s); 3. Criticism and Prohibition of Psychoanalysis (the 30s); 4. The underground or "latent" period of psychoanalysis (30-50's). In conclusion, the author states that theoretical ideas of psychoanalysis have received their recognition and understanding and can be considered as a phenomenon of Ukrainian cultural and national life. Among our pioneer psychoanalysts, there were quite a lot of talented scientist and practicing psychiatrists, writers, and artists who left us their creative, scientific, archival heritage to be studied, analyzed and introduced into modern psychoanalytic discourse. The works of Ivan Franko, Stepan Balei, Valerian Pidmohylnyi, Yakim Yarema, Selvestr Haievskyi, Abram Khaletskii, Yakiv Kogan show us the beginning of the development of Ukrainian psychoanalysis, the beginning of creative research and approach to the problem of the unconscious. (shrink)

The social and demographic specifics of Donbas region are analyzed in the context of understanding of the factors and possible consequences of the East Ukraine conflict. The article reveals distinctive features of the demographic composition, processes of population natural movement in this region, specific of the social situation, the basic human development indicators in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions of Ukraine on the eve of the conflict, as well as some of its social and demographic consequences.

The article reconstructs the arguments of Heidegger's critique of classical metaphysics, in particular Cartesian metaphysics. Heidegger saw Cartesianism as a source of modern metaphysical foundations and related prejudices. The author comes to the conclusion that the main object of Heidegger's criticism is (1) misunderstanding of the ambiguity of Cartesian philosophical instruction; (2) the definition of a human being as cogito; (3) the concept of the world as nature.

An overview of publications devoted to the history of philosophy articles in the journal “Filosofska dumkaˮ (2022).

This article examines the issues of digital transformation of the contemporary economy. The digital transformation of the contemporary economic system determines the general contours of development of all sectors of the economy. New digital technologies, platforms and infrastructures have significantly transformed economic life and contemporary entrepreneurship. The article examines the digital transformation of the contemporary economy at the micro and macroeconomic level. Significant positive impact of contemporary technological means on the activities of enterprises is noted. At the state level, digitalization (...) provides an opportunity to increase the efficiency of public administration, ensure the convenience of public institutions, implement government functions online, users to cooperate and implement civic responsibilities in a convenient way. At the macroeconomic level, the economy has undergone significant digital transformations under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. (shrink)

The main tendencies of social work from the standpoint of postmodernist theory are considered in this article. It is determined that postmodernism is characterized by: the production of a cult of individual independence, a philosophical vision of real life as a theatre of the absurd, where emphasis is placed on the realities of real life, collective subconscious, interweaving of different styles, significant parody and irony of social processes. It has been established that social work in postmodernism is due to the (...) growing need for a critical understanding of the crisis state of modern society and viewing relations with the state, the market, users of services and society. Social work in the postmodern period is accompanied by a number of social challenges, among which we consider the psychological distress of citizens, cultural competence and virtualization of the individual. The philosophy of postmodernism is based on the relativity and absence of reality, which is often replaced by virtuality, in which people spend a lot of their time, which raises debates about whether a virtual personality can be considered a personality. The main problem of information socialization of the individual is the problem of readiness and ability of man in such a world to approach a more humane understanding of social phenomena. The study highlights the hierarchy of social work and identifies its postmodern transformations. (shrink)

The specificity of misinformation about Covid-19 which was outspread in the media landscape of Ukrainian society was demonstrated in the article. The authors relying on the basics of postmodern theory within interdisciplinary discourse trace the means of forming misinformation and its influence on changing worldview landmarks of humanity. The authors underline that information in the postmodern conception of Jean Baudrillard is also capable to destroy its own content, communication and social ground. Misinformation about Covid-19 is «a stage setting of communication» (...) since it only creates insight into sense and is outspreaded with different channels with usage of photographic and video materials, emotional headlines and messages. Fake materials which have been outspreaded in online media and social networks are analyzed in the article. The authors found out that fake messages outspreaded in Ukrainian media refer to the following topic. It is stated that the quick expansion of misinformation was facilitated by the fact that the nationals of Ukraine took information without criticism, without fact-checking, since they moved to a new space of life of the individual and made «a stage setting of sense». (shrink)

Management of modern economic systems in the context of increasing influence of different types of risks requires significant improvement. Among such systems are logistics systems, which play an important role in the optimization of economic processes and require the use of information technology, which will facilitate faster and more accurate management decisions making. The purpose of scientific work is to develop a new approach to risk management of logistics systems, which will allow to plan more effectively, evaluate and control logistics (...) processes by using information technology. To ensure more flexible risk management, it is possible to change the parameters and configuration of the recommended model in accordance with the conditions of its formation. (shrink)

This article presents the main results of the rethinking of Hegel’s philosophy and Hegelianism, which Wilhelm Dilthey carried out in The History of Hegel’s Youth. This study is based on the author’s translation from the German of Wilhelm Dilthey’s work Die Jugendgeschichte Hegels. Hegel’s philosophy became one of the foundations of the picture of the natural world, the world of man, culture, and history, which even now functions as a paradigm of world philosophy and has a significant influence on modern (...) intellectual culture and our image of the world. The article includes an analysis of the methodology developed by Wilhelm Dilthey for understanding Hegel’s philosophy, the central element of which is a personal approach. It reveals the intellectual background of Wilhelm Dilthey’s rethinking of Hegel’s philosophy and analyses the influence of Dilthey’s interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy on the transformation of the picture of the world of European culture, which is related to Hegel’s philosophy. The author proves that the cosmological model of Hegel’s philosophy is based on the personal experiences of the philosopher in his youth, which allows us to interpret Hegel’s philosophy as mystical, irrational, and pantheistic. (shrink)

The transition to distance education has led to deterioration in the health of teachers and students. The purpose of the study was to identify controlled factors of the educational environment, the impact of which in an emergency situation due to a pandemic on infectious disease can be influenced by the administration of general secondary education institutions. Material and methods: 339 teachers and 828 parents of general secondary schools of Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) took part in research from May to June 2021. (...) The research tool was a self-administered survey questionnaire.The study found that social networks were the leading source of information on the COVID-19 pandemic situation for educators. The vast majority of educators indicated that they follow certain rules of conduct in order not to get sick. Most respondents admitted that they experienced weakness, mood swings, depressed thoughts, anxiety and tension due to the situation with the COVID-19 pandemic. Mostly more fatigue, hypodynamics and impaired vision were considered by teachers as manifestations of deteriorating physical condition. Manifestations of psychological deterioration, according to teachers, were greater aggression, agitation, signs of depression and emotional instability. The key factors in preventing the deterioration of teachers’ health in the event of an infectious disease pandemic, which can be influenced by the administration of general secondary education institutions, include: reducing the workload of teachers during distance education; conducting professionally oriented education of teachers in the field of health technologies; increasing the level of information competence of teachers; improving the technological base of schools for distance learning. (shrink)

It is foreign languages that allow one to carry out one’s professional duties at the international level, in particular in the academic field. Besides, they are recognized as a key to the development of human culture, which opens new opportunities for international integration and deepens cultural, intellectual and communicative functions of languages. Considering its historical post-totalitarian specifics and social roles, the development of foreign language education in higher education institutions in Eastern Europe, in particular Ukraine, includes materialist and pragmatic and (...) partly postmodernist trends, which need to be studied and analyzed in the context of a modern, postcolonial society. The research aims to systematize theoretical issues and generalize the experience of developing foreign language education for future humanities teachers in pedagogical universities in Ukraine, as well identify some proper ways to implement authentic and world experience into the modern practice of training future foreign language professionals. The following pedagogical strategies are considered to be certain productive areas in the combination of classical and postmodernist trends in education: the integration of repetitive teaching methods and creative activity; the combination of modular and problem-based learning; the use of non-communicative models and cognitive strategies of foreign language education; the introduction of models of foreign language education, which make it possible to specify social, professional and research activity of the student’s personality; the reinforcement of extra-curricular activities in the context of foreign language education. (shrink)

Проаналізовано проблеми, які виникають у зв’язку із розгортанням постантропологічного дискурсу, спровокованого значним впливом на життя людини біо- та інформаційних технологій, на основі аналізу праці К. Хейлз “Як ми стали постлюдством”. Розглянуто два головні підходи щодо застосування технологій – консервативний, прихильником якого є Ф. Фукуяма, та апологетичний, до якого належить К. Хейлз. З’ясовано, що “постлюдське” може бути потрактоване як перспектива виходу із деяких старих рамок і відкриття нових напрямків думки про те, що означає бути людиною, але для цього людству при опрацюванні (...) шляхів мислення взаємодії людей з “розумними машинами” слід орієнтуватися на оптимістичні сценарії розвитку цих процесів. Ключові слова: постлюдина, трансгуманізм, постантропологічний дискурс. (shrink)

У статті автор за допомогою соціально-філософського аналізу розглядає особливості розвитку поняття «сімейна політика» («державна сімейна політика»). В Україні поняття «сімейна політика» почало використовуватися з кінця 80-х рр. минулого століття. У сучасних дослідженнях під сімейною політикою розуміється політика сприяння народжуваності – «пронаталістська політика», «політика стимулювання народжуваності», а також «демографічна політика». Соціально-філософський аналіз історії розвитку gоняття «сімейна політика» (або «державна сімейна політика») виявив дві суперечливі сучасні парадигми розвитку сім’ї: кризову і трансформаційну.

The article studies the Jewish cemetery which provides a significant amount of historical information about various aspects of the life of the Jewish community which have long been out of focus. The objective of the research lies in proving the relevance of marginal culturally significant objects in the context of postmodern philosophy, as well as explaining and analyzing the compositional ways and peculiarities of plastic images of the facades of the gravestones in Kremenets, one of the Volyn areas of the (...) Jewish culture in the 18th century – the early 19th century. The article focuses on the most common method of studying the monuments of Jewish gravestone epigraphy. The methodology of the research is based on the regionalist approaches to the problem and the application of culturological, retrospective comparative-historical methods and the use of critical analysis. For the first time, the artistic and style peculiarities of the memorial plastic arts of Jewish cemetery in Kremenets are analysed and the historical factors that influenced them are explicated. It was proved that the historical and cultural value of the Jewish necropolis in Kremenets lies in its originality. The cemetery is one of the oldest in Europe and contains unique information on the history, customs and culture of the Jewish people. It can become a promising object of visit for postmodern consumers, interested in unpopular and marginal tourist artefacts. (shrink)

This scientific article is devoted to the research of different aspects and forms of existence of the "European idea". In particular, the idea of "Europe of concentrative circles" and conception of "Europe of variable geometry" which were offered by the prime minister of France E. Balladur. The author focuses on the fact that the problems associated with formation or, in fact, definition of the theoretical foundations of contemporary European integration process have an objective character. This is due to deepening and (...) enlargement of the EU, in the context of changes in theoretical approaches. Treated on the basis of facts the author makes following conclusions: the idea of "Europe of concentrative circles" provides more higher level of integration towards the "center" of the European Community, which would be after the EU political union, a common market and economic and monetary union. Followed by countries of the European Free Trade Association, close to the EU in economic and legal terms. The outer circle is composed of the countries associated with the EU applying for full membership. Fourth, the broadest range - there are the member-states of the OSCE as a common area of European cooperation. (shrink)

When more than four decades ago, in 1959, Pope John XXIII announced the convening of a high forum of bishops of his Church, many considered his decision to be the least risky. Although the official doctrine of Catholicism, systematized in Pope Leo's encyclical XIII "Rerum novarum", remained virtually unchanged from its adoption, and each successive head of the Church only developed its position in specific circumstances, John XXIII was convinced: after a long time In centuries of controversy and divisions, the (...) time has come to speak to the world in the language of Christian love, to emphasize not what separates people, but what unites people of good will. (shrink)

Symbols in human behavior are universal. Everyday life of a person is filled with symbols that remind her of something, allow or forbid, amaze and assimilate: "Everything can only be considered a symbol that is hidden by something else".

Історія філософії як філософська дисципліна має двоїсте завдання. Історик філософії мусить шукати факти й опікуватися думками. Дискусії щодо поєднання цих завдань тривають. Мета цієї розвідки – прояснити поняття суб’єкта історико-філософського пізнання, функції та форми його присутності у дослідницьких текстах. Маємо прийняти як вихідний пункт декілька припущень. По-перше, тексти є тим місцем, у якому можна локалізувати такого суб’єкта, оскільки він не збігається з емпіричним суб’єктом. Навпаки, емпіричний суб’єкт здобуває свою ідентичність як дослідник у тексті й через текст. По-друге, дослідницький текст наводить (...) мости між минулим і теперішнім, тобто зобов’язує дослідника не лише висловлювати свої думки, а й чути інші. По-третє, існування інтерпретаторів як соціальної групи спростовує можливість прямого контакту тексту і читача та обіцяє реалізувати цей контакт у дослідницькому тексті. Отже, хоча текст сам по собі не становить винятковий інтерес для дослідника, суб’єкт історико-філософського пізнання може бути реконструйований саме на основі текстів. У процесі реалізації поставленої мети визначено, в чому полягає специфіка історико-філософського пізнання та які вимоги висуває текст до свого читача; з’ясовано значення настроїв і почуттів у історико-філософському пізнанні та особливості, що відрізняють суб’єкта історико-філософського пізнання від інших суб’єктів пізнання. В основу аналізу покладено деякі теоретичні пропозиції І. Ш. Зарка та Ф. Р. Анкерсміта. Свої висновки автор підтверджує коротким порівняльним аналізом двох досліджень філософії XVIII століття. (shrink)

The article regards the possibilities of implementing modern approaches to formation of development strategies of retail sale enterprises with account to influence of institutional environment which is oriented to use of marketing tools while elaborating the principles of retailers' adaptation to changing market conditions. It considers the essence of retail sale concept which is a consequence of transformation of consumer oriented marketing concept and consists of four elements - consumer orientation, coordinated activities, value orientation, aspiration to acquire the goals. Special (...) attention is accentuated to the fact that the concept is understood but not all the retail sellers: they do not perceive changes or simply copy the strategies used by their competitors; they do not aspire to investigate the advantages of consumers, study their opinions, and wishes, and completely rely on the suppliers' reports or their previous experience of sales. The conclusion is drawn that a retail company can rely on success if its competitive advantages correspond to the possibilities of environment where it has to act; if it manages to eliminate its weaknesses; if its plans are not only directed to the future and also take into account previous experience. Use of marketing concept in retail sale is possible with shifting of main accent to such notions as general impressions of consumers from the retail company, service to consumers and relationships oriented retail sale. Main trends of market development of Ukrainian retail sale are revealed, conclusion is made about presence of negative trends determining the strategies of retail sale operators. The reasons of decrease for different segments of retail sale market are determined: in the "premium" segment - fight for parts of market among competitors, in "medium" segment shift of 70% of consumers to the segment "medium minus". The conclusion is drawn that retail cooperative networks have to operatively change the assortment, price and distribution policy. Principles of work of new retail sale operators are described; entering the market as innovators they gradually shift to traditional "medium, typical" schemes of work. It is determined that retail companies presented at the Ukrainian market must aspire to create and sustain the long-term relationships with their clients, and not behave like each next purchase in their shop is performed by a completely alien person to them. The conclusion is draw about the necessity of value orientation of long-term strategies of retail sale enterprise development. It is established that only strict positioning of unique usefulness that will be found by a consumer in a given shop will become the basis of his long-term purchase loyalty and will provide sustainable functioning of a retail company even with negative tendencies at the market; and orientation exclusively towards price proposal will stimulate consumers to constant search of new "price temptations" in other retail points and will again launch the "wheel" of retail sale with other players. (shrink)

Goal of this article is to study the system application directions of marketing tools and technologies to improve the competitiveness of the region and regional markets in the changing conditions of the environment. It is noted that the theory and practice of marketing in the modern territorial administration considers it as a key factor of competitiveness, which will help to keep existing residents and attract expensive, educated, skilled workforceand form comfortable conditions for the operation of existing businesses and develop programs (...) of attractiveness for investors and new entrepreneurs, to develop a unique tourism product focused on the re-visiting etc. It was considered the role of regional marketing definitions of national and foreign scientists. The attention is focused to the fact that despite the growth of attention of theorists and practitioners to territorial management technologies and marketing tools, many questions remain in terms of adapting to the needs of different territorial levels. The main problems associated with the direct transfer of technology of the corporate sector in management system and life activity of regions and cities. Stated that competitiveness as the object marketing impact should be considered within the classical concept of territorial marketing, according to which the bodies of local authorities should seek to identify current and future needs of target segments and play them in goods and services area better than do competitors. The classical concept, along with other modern concepts of territorial marketing gives to marketing a kind of integrator partnership of territorial authorities and target audiences. Were described the main subjects marketing in the region, discussed their role in enhancing the competitiveness of the regional markets systems on condition of the realization of their own interests and considered. It is noted that the main task of marketing should be increasing the attractiveness of its territory - complex of resources conditions, relationships, objects that allow in the market conditions to reorient themselves to the flow of resources, which will compete with other regions. Marketing territories allows to clearly understand that successful economic and social development should be to re-evaluate the area and conditions for the operation and development of the territory. It was established that today is activated the use of marketing approach in the local administration, but there is no systematic use of all marketing tools when forming strategies of Ukrainian cities and regions the use of limited marketing application of communication tools and event technologies and remain out of sight other important elements of the marketing mix. Specified directions for using the elements of the marketing mix in the process of ensuring the competitiveness of the region and the transformation of the system of regional markets. Integrated use of elements of the complex of territorial marketing, its successful "mixing", harmonization of marketing strategies and policies, can form a set of practical tools of adaptation the region to the market situation in the region to ensure competitiveness and create conditions for the implementation of strategic development programs. It was concluded that regional marketing system of regional markets makes it possible to form the best competitive advantages for customers compared with other areas, promotes the efficient use of resources to improve the competitiveness and image, helping to attract economic agents increasing the attractiveness and competitiveness of the region aimed at sustainable development of the region, and creating a long term and mutually beneficial relationships with internal and external partners. Client-orientation of marketing approach to the management of the region and to transform the system of regional markets allows you to create unique properties of the region as a place of residence, visiting, business investment and promote it successfully in domestic and foreign markets. (shrink)

The problem of teaching the course "Christian Ethics" in the Ukrainian school is one of the most debatable in the educational, scientific and religious environment. Immediately with the experimental introduction of the training course in 1992, this issue has become publicly relevant and is still at the center of controversy, despite its legislative clarity. The Orthodox and Greek Catholic Churches of Ukraine actively insist on their presence in mainstream schools and do not see alternatives. While Protestant churches, especially the small (...) ones, want only one, so that they do not interfere with the creation of their church schools, both for teaching and for spiritual education. For example, the Seventh-day Adventist Church believes that in a multi-denominational state, state and spiritual education should be separated. Moreover, the experience of teaching so-called Christian ethics demonstrates that it violates the principle of freedom of conscience, since theology cannot be super-denominational, unrelated to a particular church. (shrink)

The article highlights the role of the clergy in the Ukrainian-Polish discussions on the evaluation of the Volyn tragedy in 1943.

Understanding the historical retrospective of state-confessional relations becomes especially relevant in connection with socio-political changes of the XX - the beginning of the XXI centuries. The Roman Catholic Church, as one of the subjects of these relations, increasingly expresses its attitude to socio-political events. Historical experience of the existence of the Roman Catholic Church testifies that the mentioned institution has had a significant impact on all spheres of public life, in particular political. In this context, we note that the beginning (...) of the XXI century. once again reveals the tendencies of the influence of the religious-church factor on the political life of many countries of the world, in the middle of which Ukraine. This influence is characterized by tension, a very complex dynamics, an increase in the interference of the political structure of religious affairs. Considerable interest in this aspect, in view of the sharp change in the political course of party-state leadership in relation to the Roman Catholic Church, is the final period of the Second World War. (shrink)

B a c k g r o u n d. Considering a scientific truth as a process is connected with the understanding a concrete truth as unity of absolute and relative moments of such process. Beginning by Hegel, truth was regarded as linear process with final point of its development. It was absolute truth, as return of absolute idea to itself in absolute spirit by Hegel. It was the third world by Popper as the world of objective truth. Ukrainian philosopher (...) Pavlo Kopnin opened development of truth for future, eliminating from it the final point in his materialistic interpretation of the truth as a process. However, such process was still regarded as linear process. It was natural for the stage of linear science. As I have already wrote (Dobronravova, 2017), modern stage of nonlinear science actualizes the considering of a scientific truth as nonlinear process. In situation of many variants of nonlinear dynamics the understanding of concrete truth needs to be updated. Such updating is the goal of the article. M e t h o d s. Dialectic method in addition to scientific realism is the most natural approach to research the modern nonlinear science. Methodologic conception of genetic constructivism by V. Stepin is foundation to consider the relations between theoretical and empirical levels of nonlinear knowledge. Criticism of correspondent conception of truth in internal realism by H.Putnam is initiative position in looking for right epistemolology of nonlinear science. Concrete truth as nonlinear process means the description of real nonlinear dynamics with knowledge about a choice, made by a self-organizing system between alternatives in bifurcation point. Nonlinear theories reconstruct few options of further development for nonlinear system. To explain a real situation in certain moment of such development means to describe the real choices by system in points of branching the possibilities. It means that nonlinear science becomes historical one that describes irreversible change of events. Methodologically it means the restriction for claim to repeat the results of empirical checking the predictions of theory, because of choice by chance in bifurcation points. This claim can work for nonlinear medium if different options can be realized in it simultaneously (like Benar's cells in layer of heated liquid or different parties in democratic societies). Otherwise things are going in the situations of historical kind, where the irreversible choice between alternatives has place (like historical choice between right-hand and left-hand traffic in different countries). Repetitions in empirical checking the predicted variants are not possible in principle because of random nature of choice in bifurcation points. R e s u l t s. Non-linear physical theories are descriptive, just like biological, geological and geographic theories. So arrogant condemnation of such theories by physicists and philosophers of science who took physics as a sample in many previous years founded on misunderstanding the specificity of different kinds of theories and their objects. Logical structure of explanation and prediction are not the same in non-linear theories. Non-linear theory can predict a set of possibilities but not the realization of certain one in certain moment. Concrete truth can be justified if human intervention provides the realization of special condition to choose selected variant. C o n c l u s i o n s. We have to understand that such task is more complicated, if we take into account the quantitative way to solve the nonlinear equations. The chain of iterations in approximate solution of such equations can rather give computer simulation of non-linear dynamics. Exact prediction with iteration formula of each next step of unfolding non-linear dynamics, does not guarantee the long scale prediction of complex nonlinear system state. It does not mean that knowledge we got about nonlinear phenomena are not useful for human practice. Thus, the change of dimension in fractal structures of "noise" in cardiograms lets to admit the first signs of heart illness and to cure heart in time. Meteorologists can warn pilots about oncoming storm, defining speed of rising flows in atmosphere by fractal dimension of pictures on the screen of radar. Those are the predictions in nonlinear science. Are they the proofs of concrete truth? Perhaps, yes, they are if we recall old formulation about practice as criteria of truth. (shrink)

The Institute of Higher Education of the NAES of Ukraine has celebrated the 25th anniversary of its activity. This review is dedicated to summarizing the fruit­ful academic research, methodical and educational activities of the Institute dur­ing its 25-year history, as well as to outlining the prospects for its further devel­opment. Over the years of its activity, the Institute has accumulated considerable experience in the field of fundamental and applied research of topical problems of higher education. The results of the Institute’s (...) research have formed the basis of methodological recommendations and developments, which are being used in HEIs in Ukraine. Thanks to its academic activity, the Institute has trained high-level specialists who make a significant contribution to the development of Ukrai­nian science and education. The Institute has specialized scientific councils for the defense of theses of Doctors of Science, as well as regular one-time defenses of theses for the awarding of the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The In­stitute actively cooperates with Ukrainian and foreign universities, participates in international projects aimed at the development and modernization of the higher education system. The Institute publishes three specialized scientific journals, an­nually publishes collective scientific monographs based on the results of scientific research carried out by the Institute’s departments. The Institute plays an impor­tant system-creating function in the development of higher education in Ukraine. The Institute’s work is especially important at wartime. The institute investigates the impact of the war on the system of higher education and ways of its recovery. It develops innovative teaching methods, trains specialists who meet the needs of the contemporary society, and participates in reforming higher education in Ukraine. 25 years of the Institute of Higher Education of the NAES of Ukraine – that’s 25 years of academic achievements, painstaking work and dedication to one’s job. That’s 25 years of knowledge and experience that serve for the good of the Ukrainian education. (shrink)

The relevance of the study of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society is relevant enough, because the negative externalities of an integrated global economy are damaging to the environment and vulnerable segments of the population, who are least adapted to paying tribute to progress. Being at the crossroads shows that we are responsible for what is happening with nature, man, society and the actual challenges of destroying the planet will grow, which requires the formation of a new way of thinking, (...) based on the world in accordance with human values, preservation of the natural landscape, climate. Analysis of recent research and publications. At the heart of the study is the analysis of the works of Ernst Ulrich von Weizseker, Anders Wykman “Come On! Capitalism, shortsightedness, population and the destruction of the planet. "Report to the Roman Club"; Naomi Klein “Everything changes. Climate capitalism ”; Maxton Graham, Randers Jørgensen “In Search of Welfare. Managing Economic Development to Reduce Unemployment, Inequality and Climate Change ”; Meadows Donnelly, Meadows Dennis, Rangers Jørgensen "Growth Limits. 30 years later ”; Klaus Schwab's Fourth Industrial Revolution, Forming the Fourth Industrial Revolution; Joe Stadwell's "Why Asia has Succeeded." The article analyzes the works of domestic authors - V. Voronkova, V. Melnyk, N. Metelenko, V. Nikitenko, A. Cherep and others. The author draws on her own abstracts of the conference "Limits of Growth" as a response to anthropogenic impact on man, nature, society and a means of achieving sustainability. Setting objectives. Anthropogenic harmful climatic factors supplant natural vegetation, impoverish animal worlds, limit the activity of microorganisms. Management of anthropogenic impacts can be carried out by limiting them: by establishing maximum permissible loads, different standards of introduction of scientifically grounded regimes of natural resources of international cooperation, scientific substantiation of measures on the nature and ecology of man. The purpose of the article - theoretical and practical aspects of solving the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society and achievement of sustainable development. Research results. Growth limits have been shown to have anthropogenic impact on humans, nature and society as a result of human intervention in ecosystems. As a result, ecosystem simplification and the breaking of biological cycles result. The concept of sustainable development of mankind is the solution of global problems of mankind, among them the solution of the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society. The research is aimed at solving the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society and achieving sustainable development of civilization. (shrink)

The article highlights the essence of existential quest of modern Evangelical Christians Baptists, and shows features of the self-determination of Baptists in Ukraine.

The focus of philosophical research attention on the theoretical and, where appropriate, specifically applied problems of religion is a phenomenon immanent and unpersuasive. Its relevance is explained by the fact that the reflexiveness of philosophical thinking always determines the search for the answer to the basic worldview questions and aims at grasping the standards of wisdom. The history of human civilization is confirmed by the fact that one of the major worldview issues that bothers man is the question of life (...) and death, the meaning of human existence and the purpose of the world and, most often, in finding an answer to it, humanity turned to a religion that is vividly illustrated by the existence of the great the number of different doctrines and beliefs. It is no secret that a large number of people see in religion and the basis of wisdom, the ideological and axiological potential of its nurturing. Of course, this does not mean that within the human culture there is no attempt to find wisdom outside of religion and even against it. But in any case, it cannot be denied that the search for wisdom on the basis of religious outlook is historically natural, and even dominates spiritual culture in certain eras. (shrink)

This article highlights the participation of the Ukrainian scientist, Professor Vitaly Mikhailovich Grigorevsky, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, and representative of the scientific school of Vladimir Platonovich Tsesevich, in the organization and development of international cooperative partnership in the field of satellite astronomy and photometric studies of artificial satellites of the Earth. The activity of the scientist in the coordination of scientific research of the countries of Eastern Europe in 1965–1973 under the SPIN program, carried out under the auspices (...) of the Astronomical Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences, is discussed. The article explores the main forms of Grigorevsky’s scientific cooperation with the world’s leading experts in the field of satellite astronomy—the British scientist Desmond King-Hele, the Czech astronomer František Link, Hungarian researchers Iván Almár and D. Toth, and others. Also, the achievements of the Latvian researchers Māris Ābele and Kasimirs Lapushka in the creation of photographic cameras of surveillance of satellites are analysed. (shrink)

У статті визначено основні асиметрії зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країн Європи. Запропоновано алгоритм формування та оцінки зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країни. Здійснено оцінку асиметрій зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країн Європи. Проведено аналіз впливу зовнішньої торгівлі на економічне зростання, залучення іноземних інвестицій та людський розвиток країн Європи.