Results for 'K. Deaux'

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  1. Social Identity. U: ET Higgins & AW Kruglanski (ur.).K. Deaux - 1996 - In E. E. Higgins & A. Kruglanski (eds.), Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles. Guilford.
     
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  2.  55
    Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender-related behavior.Kay Deaux & Brenda Major - 1987 - Psychological Review 94 (3):369-389.
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  3.  25
    Supplementary report: Yoked comparisons of classical and avoidance eyelid conditioning under three UCS intensities.I. Gormezano, John W. Moore & Edward Deaux - 1962 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (5):551.
  4. A Critique of Principlism.K. D. Clouser & B. Gert - 1990 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 15 (2):219-236.
    The authors use the term “principlism” to refer to the practice of using “principles” to replace both moral theory and particular moral rules and ideals in dealing with the moral problems that arise in medical practice. The authors argue that these “principles” do not function as claimed, and that their use is misleading both practically and theoretically. The “principles” are in fact not guides to action, but rather they are merely names for a collection of sometimes superficially related matters for (...)
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  5. The pessimistic induction and the exponential growth of science reassessed.K. Brad Wray - 2013 - Synthese 190 (18):4321-4330.
    My aim is to evaluate a new realist strategy for addressing the pessimistic induction, Ludwig Fahrbach’s (Synthese 180:139–155, 2011) appeal to the exponential growth of science. Fahrbach aims to show that, given the exponential growth of science, the history of science supports realism. I argue that Fahrbach is mistaken. I aim to show that earlier generations of scientists could construct a similar argument, but one that aims to show that the theories that they accepted are likely true. The problem with (...)
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  6.  48
    The behavioristic interpretation of consciousness. I.K. S. Lashley - 1923 - Psychological Review 30 (4):237-272.
  7.  23
    The human salivary reflex and its use in psychology.K. S. Lashley - 1916 - Psychological Review 23 (6):446-464.
  8. Entropy in Relation to Incomplete Knowledge.K. G. Denbigh, J. S. Denbigh & H. D. Zeh - 1991 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 42 (1):111-144.
     
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  9.  18
    The power of interest for motivation and engagement.K. Ann Renninger - 2016 - New York, NY: Routledge. Edited by Suzanne Hidi.
    What is interest and how has it been conceptualized and studied? -- What explains the power of interest? : Why are students who have an interest for content more likely to continue to reengage and develop more conceptual sophistication? -- What is known about assessing existing interest? How do new interests develop? How can the phase of a person's interest be identified and measured? -- What is the relation between the development of interest and other motivational variables? -- Is it (...)
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  10. Three challenges from delusion for theories of autonomy.K. W. M. Fulford & Lubomira Radoilska - 2012 - In Lubomira Radoilska (ed.), Autonomy and Mental Disorder. Oxford University Press. pp. 44-74.
    This chapter identifies and explores a series of challenges raised by the clinical concept of delusion for theories which conceive autonomy as an agency rather than a status concept. The first challenge is to address the autonomy-impairing nature of delusions consistently with their role as grounds for full legal and ethical excuse, on the one hand, and psychopathological significance as key symptoms of psychoses, on the other. The second challenge is to take into account the full logical range of delusions, (...)
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  11.  30
    Informed consent and participant perceptions of influenza vaccine trials in South Africa.K. Moodley - 2005 - Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (12):727-732.
    Background and objectives: There are few insights from sub-Saharan Africa on research participants’ experiences of the informed consent process, particularly in the context of randomised controlled trials, where issues of randomisation and the use of placebos may be confusing concepts for participants. This study investigated the knowledge and perceptions of the informed consent process among individuals participating in influenza vaccine trials in two disadvantaged communities in South Africa.Method: Four to 12 months after completion of the trials, participants were contacted to (...)
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  12.  54
    Narrative, Literature, and the Clinical Exercise of Practical Reason.K. M. Hunter - 1996 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 21 (3):303-320.
    Although science supplies medicine's “gold standard,” knowledge exercised in the care of patients is, like moral knowing, a matter of narrative, practical reason. Physicians draw on case narrative to store experience and to apply and qualify the general rules of medical science. Literature aids in this activity by stimulating moral imagination and by requiring its readers to engage in the retrospective construction of a situated, subjective account of events. Narrative truths are provisional, uncertain, derived from narrators whose standpoints are always (...)
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  13.  25
    Confessions of an Expert Ethics Witness.K. Kipnis - 1997 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 22 (4):325-343.
    The aim of this essay is to describe and reflect upon the concrete particulars of one academician's work as an expert ethics witness. The commentary on my practices and the narrative descriptions of three cases are offered as evidence for the thesis that it is possible to act honorably within a role that some have considered to be inherently illicit. Practical measures are described for avoiding some of the best known pitfalls. The discussion concludes with a listing of the distinctive (...)
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  14. Using Social Networking Sites for Communicable Disease Control: Innovative Contact Tracing or Breach of Confidentiality?K. L. Mandeville, M. Harris, H. L. Thomas, Y. Chow & C. Seng - 2014 - Public Health Ethics 7 (1):47-50.
    Social media applications such as Twitter, YouTube and Facebook have attained huge popularity, with more than three billion people and organizations predicted to have a social networking account by 2015. Social media offers a rapid avenue of communication with the public and has potential benefits for communicable disease control and surveillance. However, its application in everyday public health practice raises a number of important issues around confidentiality and autonomy. We report here a case from local level health protection where the (...)
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  15.  15
    Epilogue.K. Anthony Appiah - 1996 - In David B. Wilkins, Kwame Anthony Appiah & Amy Gutmann (eds.), Color Conscious: The Political Morality of Race. Princeton University Press. pp. 179-184.
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  16. Causal thinking in science: How scientists and students interpret the unexpected.K. Dunbar & J. Fugelsang - 2005 - In M. Gorman, R. Tweney, D. Gooding & A. Kincannon (eds.), Scientific and Technological Thinking. Erlbaum. pp. 57--79.
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  17.  53
    (1 other version)Towards a Theory of Definite Descriptions.K. J. J. Hintikka - 1958 - Analysis 19 (4):79 - 85.
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  18. Designing vignette studies in marketing.K. D. Wason, M. J. Polonsky & M. R. Hyman - 2002 - Australasian Marketing Journal 10 (3):41--58.
     
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  19.  49
    Health as a Normative Concept: Towards a New Conceptual Framework.K. Fedoryka - 1997 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 22 (2):143-160.
    One of the main concerns in defining health is determining its status in relation to value. The main proposals in this direction generally assume a strict dichotomy between descriptive and evaluative dimensions. This essay argues that such a dichotomy leads to a theoretical inconsistency, which becomes evident once a definition of health is practically operative. A new conceptual framework uniting these two moments is proposed as an alternative, capable of preserving the fundamental insights of both descriptive and evaluative accounts of (...)
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  20. A sentimentalist's Defense of Contempt, Shame and Disdain.K. Abramson - 2009 - In Peter Goldie (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Emotion. New York: Oxford University Press.
  21.  60
    The task of nursing ethics.K. M. Melia - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (1):7-11.
    This paper raises the questions: 'What do we expect from nursing ethics?' and 'Is the literature of nursing ethics any different from that of medical ethics?' It is suggested that rather than develop nursing ethics as a separate field writers in nursing ethics should take a lead in making the patient the central focus of health care ethics. The case is made for empirical work in health care ethics and it is suggested that a good way of setting about this (...)
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  22. (1 other version)Pantheism as panpsychism.K. Pfeifer - 1997 - Conceptus: Zeitschrift Fur Philosophie 30 (77):181-190.
     
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  23. Artistic Freedom and Moral Rights in Contemporary Art: The Mass MoCA Controversy.K. E. Gover - 2011 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 69 (4):355-365.
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  24.  39
    What's in a name? Embryos, entities, and ANTities in the stem cell debate.K. Devolder - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (1):43-48.
    This paper discusses two proposals to the US President’s Council on Bioethics that try to overcome the issue of killing embryos in embryonic stem cell research and argues that neither of them can hold good as a compromise solution. The author argues that the groups of people for which the compromises are intended neither need nor want the two compromises, the US government and other governments of countries with restrictive regulation on ES cell research have not provided a clear and (...)
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  25. Ethical issues in predictive genetic testing: a public health perspective.K. G. Fulda - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (3):143-147.
    As a result of the increase in genetic testing and the fear of discrimination by insurance companies, employers, and society as a result of genetic testing, the disciplines of ethics, public health, and genetics have converged. Whether relatives of someone with a positive predictive genetic test should be notified of the results and risks is a matter urgently in need of debate. Such a debate must encompass the moral and ethical obligations of the diagnosing physician and the patient. The decision (...)
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  26.  23
    Ethical challenges in care for older patients who resist help.K. Brodtkorb, A. V.-S. Skisland, A. Slettebo & R. Skaar - 2015 - Nursing Ethics 22 (6):631-641.
    Background: Situations where patients resist necessary help can be professionally and ethically challenging for health professionals, and the risk of paternalism, abuse and coercion are present. Research question: The purpose of this study was to examine ethical challenges in situations where the patient resists healthcare. Research design: The method used was clinical application research. Academic staff and clinical co-researchers collaborated in a hermeneutical process to shed light on situations and create a basis for new action. Participants and research context: Four (...)
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  27.  41
    Practical problems in the teaching of ethics to medical students.K. C. Calman & R. S. Downie - 1987 - Journal of Medical Ethics 13 (3):153-156.
    Some practical problems in the teaching of ethics to medical students are described. The definition of the objectives of the course remains the central aspect, and is more important than the specific content. The use of student projects, buzz groups, case histories and discussion points is described. There is a need for student assessment or examination at the end of the course. The teachers require a broad background in philosophy, clinical medicine and teaching skills. The learning of the teachers may (...)
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  28. Modifying autonomy--a concept grounded in nurses' experiences of moral decision-making in psychiatric practice.K. Lutzen & C. Nordin - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (2):101-107.
    Fourteen experienced psychiatric nurses participated in a pilot study aimed at describing the experiential aspect of making decisions for the patient. In-depth interviews focused on conflicts, were transcribed, coded, and categorized according to the Grounded Theory method. The theoretical construct, 'modifying autonomy' and its dimensions, such as being aware of the patient's vulnerability, caring for and caring about the patient, were identified. The findings in this study make clear the need for further research into the experiential aspect of ethical decision-making (...)
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  29.  90
    Iran's experience with surrogate motherhood: an Islamic view and ethical concerns.K. Aramesh - 2009 - Journal of Medical Ethics 35 (5):320-322.
    Gestational surrogacy as a treatment for infertility is being practised in some well-known medical institutions in Tehran and some other cities in Iran. While the majority of Muslims in the world are Sunni, the majority of Iranians are Shiite. Most Sunni scholars do not permit surrogate motherhood, since it involves introducing the sperm of a man into the uterus of a woman to whom he is not married. Most Shiite scholars, however, have issued jurisprudential decrees (fatwas) that allow surrogate motherhood (...)
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  30. On converging to the truth and nothing but the truth.K. Kelly & G. Glymour - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science.
     
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  31. Why immortality alone will not get me to the afterlife.K. Mitch Hodge - 2011 - Philosophical Psychology 24 (3):395-410.
    Recent research in the cognitive science of religion suggests that humans intuitively believe that others survive death. In response to this finding, three cognitive theories have been offered to explain this: the simulation constraint theory (Bering, Citation2002); the imaginative obstacle theory (Nichols, Citation2007); and terror management theory (Pyszczynski, Rothschild, & Abdollahi, 2008). First, I provide a critical analysis of each of these theories. Second, I argue that these theories, while perhaps explaining why one would believe in his own personal immortality, (...)
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  32.  92
    Medical futility, treatment withdrawal and the persistent vegetative state.K. R. Mitchell, I. H. Kerridge & T. J. Lovat - 1993 - Journal of Medical Ethics 19 (2):71-76.
    Why do we persist in the relentless pursuit of artificial nourishment and other treatments to maintain a permanently unconscious existence? In facing the future, if not the present world-wide reality of a huge number of persistent vegetative state (PVS) patients, will they be treated because of our ethical commitment to their humanity, or because of an ethical paralysis in the face of biotechnical progress? The PVS patient is cut off from the normal patterns of human connection and communication, with a (...)
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  33. The use of deception in nursing.K. Teasdale & G. Kent - 1995 - Journal of Medical Ethics 21 (2):77-81.
    Arguments about the morality of the use of deception in patient care have been conducted largely in an empirical vacuum, with few data about the situations in which deception occurs. Do staff frequently deceive their patients and, if so, under what conditions? Can the consequences of deception always be foreseen? What justifications do staff use to explain their behaviour? The small-scale study reported here on the uses of deception by nurses when attempting to reassure patients provides information on these questions. (...)
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  34.  43
    Clinician gate-keeping in clinical research is not ethically defensible: an analysis.K. Sharkey, J. Savulescu & S. Aranda - 2010 - Journal of Medical Ethics 36 (6):363-366.
    Clinician gate-keeping is the process whereby healthcare providers prevent access to eligible patients for research recruitment. This paper contends that clinician gate-keeping violates three principles that underpin international ethical guidelines: respect for persons or autonomy; beneficence or a favourable balance of risks and potential benefits; and justice or a fair distribution of the benefits and burdens of research. In order to stimulate further research and debate, three possible strategies are also presented to eliminate gate-keeping: partnership with professional researchers; collaborative research (...)
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  35.  70
    Therapeutic abortion in Islam: contemporary views of Muslim Shiite scholars and effect of recent Iranian legislation.K. M. Hedayat, P. Shooshtarizadeh & M. Raza - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (11):652-657.
    Abortion is forbidden under normal circumstances by nearly all the major world religions. Traditionally, abortion was not deemed permissible by Muslim scholars. Shiite scholars considered it forbidden after implantation of the fertilised ovum. However, Sunni scholars have held various opinions on the matter, but all agreed that after 4 months gestation abortion was not permitted. In addition, classical Islamic scholarship had only considered threats to maternal health as a reason for therapeutic abortion. Recently, scholars have begun to consider the effect (...)
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  36. Hume on Religious Belief.K. E. Yandell - 1976 - In 50-68 Livingston & King (ed.), Hume.
  37.  88
    Ethics and the GMC core curriculum: a survey of resources in UK medical schools.K. W. Fulford, A. Yates & T. Hope - 1997 - Journal of Medical Ethics 23 (2):82-87.
    OBJECTIVES: To study the resources available and resources needed for ethics teaching to medical students in UK medical schools as required by the new GMC core curriculum. DESIGN: A structured questionnaire was piloted and then circulated to deans of medical schools. SETTING: All UK medical schools. RESULTS: Eighteen out of 28 schools completed the questionnaire, the remainder either indicating that their arrangements were "under review" (4) or not responding (6). Among those responding: 1) library resources, including video and information technology (...)
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  38.  38
    An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Traditional Symbols.P. W. K. & J. C. Cooper - 1989 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 109 (1):160.
  39.  39
    HIV infection and AIDS: the ethics of medical confidentiality.K. M. Boyd - 1992 - Journal of Medical Ethics 18 (4):173-179.
    An Institute of Medical Ethics working party argues that an ethically desirable relationship of mutual empowerment between patient and clinician is more likely to be achieved if patients understand the ground rules of medical confidentiality. It identifies and illustrates ambiguities in the General Medical Council's guidance on AIDS and confidentiality, and relates this to the practice of different doctors and specialties. Matters might be clarified, it suggests, by identifying moral factors which tend to recur in medical decisions about maintaining or (...)
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  40.  34
    Foregoing prehospital care: should ambulance staff always resuscitate?K. V. Iserson - 1991 - Journal of Medical Ethics 17 (1):19-24.
    Approximately 400,000 people die outside US hospitals or chronic care facilities each year. While there has been some recent movement towards initiating procedures for prehospital Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders, the most common situation in the US is that emergency medical systems (EMS) personnel are not authorized to pronounce patients dead, but are required to attempt resuscitation with all of the modalities at their disposal in virtually all patients. It is unfair and probably unrealistic for EMS personnel to have to (...)
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  41.  61
    The decision making process regarding the withdrawal or withholding of potential life-saving treatments in a children's hospital.K. Street - 2000 - Journal of Medical Ethics 26 (5):346-352.
    Objectives—To investigate the factors considered by staff, and the practicalities involved in the decision making process regarding the withdrawal or withholding of potential life-sustaining treatment in a children's hospital. To compare our current practice with that recommended by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health guidelines, published in 1997.Design—A prospective, observational study using self-reported questionnaires.Setting—Tertiary paediatric hospital.Patients and participants—Consecutive patients identified during a six-month period, about whom a formal discussion took place between medical staff, nursing staff and family regarding (...)
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  42.  48
    A clinical ethics committee in a small health service trust.K. A. Wood & S. Ellis - 1999 - Journal of Medical Ethics 25 (5):420-420.
  43. What needs to be done in order to bring the science-and-religion dialogue forward?K. Helmut Reich - 2007 - Zygon 42 (2):269-272.
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  44.  61
    Dependent Rational Providers.K. B. Brothers - 2011 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 36 (2):133-147.
    Provider claims to conscientious objection have generated a great deal of heated debate in recent years. However, the conflicts that arise when providers make claims to the "conscience" are only a subset of the more fundamental challenges that arise in health care practice when patients and providers come into conflict. In this piece, the author provides an account of patient-provider conflict from within the moral tradition of St. Thomas Aquinas. He argues that the practice of health care providers should be (...)
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  45. Decisions and descriptions.K. Baier - 1951 - Mind 60 (238):181-204.
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  46.  32
    Martensitic transformations in titanium-tantalum alloys.K. A. Bywater & J. W. Christian - 1972 - Philosophical Magazine 25 (6):1249-1273.
  47.  27
    A Study of Stereotyping in a Multicultural Comprehensive School.K. G. Thomas - 1984 - Educational Studies 10 (1):77-86.
  48.  50
    Postmortem procedures in the emergency department: using the recently dead to practise and teach.K. V. Iserson - 1993 - Journal of Medical Ethics 19 (2):92-98.
    In generations past, it was common practice for doctors to learn lifesaving technical skills on patients who had recently died. But this practice has lately been criticised on religious, legal, and ethical grounds, and has fallen into disuse in many hospitals and emergency departments. This paper uses four questions to resolve whether doctors in emergency departments should practise and teach non-invasive and minimally invasive procedures on the newly dead: Is it ethically and legally permissible to practise and teach non-invasive and (...)
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  49. The Future of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.K. Brad Wray - 2013 - Topoi 32 (1):75-79.
    I examine the value and limitations of Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions. In the interests of developing a social epistemology of science, I argue that we should draw on Kuhn’s later work, published in The Road since Structure. There, Kuhn draws attention to the important role that specialty formation plays in resolving crises in science, a topic he did not discuss in Structure. I argue that we need to develop a better understanding of specialty research communities. Kuhn’s later work provides (...)
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  50. Ethical Vaccine Distribution Planning for Pandemic Influenza: Prioritizing Homeless and Hard-to-Reach Populations.K. Buccieri & S. Gaetz - 2013 - Public Health Ethics 6 (2):185-196.
    The manner in which limited vaccines are distributed during a pandemic is an ethical issue. The utility principle has been used to argue priority be given to certain individuals based on factors such as the epidemiology of the spread of disease and maintaining the functioning of society. The equity principle has been used to encourage fair practices that account for the economic and social costs of all decisions made. We argue that both principles are met through priority vaccination of homeless (...)
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