Cet article cherche à retracer quelques-uns des éléments à la fois empiriques, historiques et sociologiques de la Sociologie de la musique de Max Weber. Même si ce dernier s'intéresse en premier lieu au processus de rationalisation qui traverse la civilisation occidentale, sa Sociologie de la musique est fondée sur l'idée de médium technique, qu'il explore dans plusieurs directions différentes. Nous revisitons ici cette idée au moyen de quelques exemples tirés de la musique occidentale et en particulier du répertoire romantique pour (...) le piano. (shrink)

A la muerte de Suárez algunos de sus escritos permanecían aún inéditos. De ellos se hablaba ya en las primeras cartas que comunicaban su fallecimiento. Así, el P. Núñez Mascarenhas, superior de la casa de Lisboa donde falleció el insigne teólogo, decía al provincial de la Compañía de Jesús en el reino de Aragón: "El P. Suárez se había recogido en el Noviciado para preparar la impresión de varios volúmenes: primero, el De Angelis; segundo, el De opere sex dierum [en (...) adelante, DOSD]; tercero, De fide; cuarto y quinto, De gratia y De auxiliis; sexto y séptimo, De statu religionis; octavo, De voluntario et involuntario"3. (shrink)

Esta tesis tiene como objetivo proponer una perspectiva crítica que permita un análisis filosófico del arte que fue desarrollada a partir de una lectura de El arte como experiencia de John Dewey. Para ello, recupero en primer lugar dos conceptos centrales, arte y experiencia, para desarrollar luego tres conceptos subsidiarios, expresión, comunicación y educación de la sensibilidad.

The problem of the ontological limit of Artificial Intelligence and transhumanism in contrast with the ontology of Homo sapiens is discussed. Beyond the so-called exogenous or endogenous integration, the scenario of a technological singularity seems to materialize in entities that synthesize biology and technology, for example, by means of a download or transbiomorphosis that translates the neural networks of our mind into the memory of a computer. This is a hybridization that warns us about the advent of new species that (...) could leave Homo sapiens behind. If the human/machine synthesis is the limit desired by the transhumanist program, this limit seems to have crossed, in turn, the very ontological limit of the human, on which science, philosophy and religion had so far more or less agreed –each presenting their own cards. (shrink)

Este artigo pretende analisar a natureza e a função da teoria metapsicológica napsicanálise freudiana. Mostra-se que a teoria psicanalítica de Freud é composta por umaparte empírica – a sua psicologia dos fatos clínicos – e outra, especulativa – ametapsicologia. Esta última é considerada por ele uma superestrutura especulativa de valorapenas heurístico, passível de ser substituída por outras superestruturas do mesmo tipo.Sustenta-se, ainda, que sua metapsicologia é fruto do método especulativo, cujosfundamentos foram elaborados por filósofos e epistemólogos anteriores a Freud, entre (...) elesImmanuel Kant e Ernst Mach. O artigo finaliza com algumas considerações sobre o futuroda teorização do tipo metapsicológica, explicitando críticas feitas à metapsicologiafreudiana, tanto por filósofos quanto por psicanalistas, e apontando para a perspectiva,aberta por Donald W. Winnicott, de uma psicanálise sem metapsicologia. This article seeks to analyze the nature and function of metapsychologicaltheory in Freudian psychoanalysis. It will show that Freudian psychoanalytic theory iscomposed of an empirical part — the psychology of clinical facts — and a speculative part— metapsychology. Freud considers this latter part as being a speculative superstructure ofvalue that is only heuristic, capable of being substituted by other superstructures of thesame type. This article sustains the idea that this metapsychology is the fruit of speculativemethod, whose foundations were elaborated by philosophers and epistemologists beforeFreud, including Immanuel Kant and Ernst Mach. The article concludes withconsiderations regarding the future of metapsychological theorization, presenting criticismsof Freudian metapsychology offered by both philosophers and psychoanalysts, andpointing to the open perspective of Donald W. Winnicott of a psychoanalysis without metapsychology. (shrink)

s book, Hermeneutic Dialogue and Social Science: A critique of Gadamer and Habermas, intends to present an account of debates on objectivity in the social sciences, in stressing the political and epistemological responsibility, in public spheres, to those who want to create a fairer understanding of societies and history, without demonizing natural enterprises or leaving social studies out of acute critical questioning. Key Words: dialogue • hermeneutic • social sciences • natural sciences • method.

The aim of this work is to discuss "Darwinism: its past, its present, its future", a lecture given in 1875 by Miranda Azevedo as one of the "Popular Lectures of the Gloria Neighborhood, Rio de Janeiro". In this lecture Azevedo elaborates the concepts of evolution, human evolution, progress and the idea of man as the pinnacle of evolution and the master of the selective laws governing nature. We will analyze the article, published in 1876, that contains the full text of (...) Azevedo's lecture. Of particular importance is his affiliation to Haeckel, something already commented on in Brazilian historiography. But, unlike other studies devoted to the theme, I will examine in detail Azevedo's text, attempting to show how he relates hereditary and selective evolutionary processes to thinking about how future Brazilian generations could progress. (shrink)

The aim of this work is to present the thesis “On the Ontogenetic Evolution of the Human Embryo in its Relations with Phylogenesis,” by Affonso Regulo de Oliveira Fausto, published in Brazil in 1890. To our knowledge, it was one of the first Brazilian academic works focused specifically on evolution. It was also the first doctoral thesis that addressed the topic of recapitulation in order to analyze what was then called the progressive evolution of the human species in tandem with (...) the embryological development of the individuals that would constitute the Brazilian “type.” In the present work, we analyze the author’s thesis in relation to its sources, concepts, as well as the country’s political context at the time of its publication. Fausto’s text, in which he explicitly recognized the influence of Ernst Haeckel’s recapitulation theory, represents a window to understand better a concept of nation based on science and on the idea of inexorable progress that was accepted in Brazil at the end of the nineteenth century. (shrink)

En torno a una filosofía americana -- Dos etapas en el pensamiento de Hispanoamérica -- Autopercepción intelectual de un proceso histórico -- América y su posible filosofía -- La participación intelectual en la política -- Palabras de Leopoldo Zea al recibir el Premio Gabriela Mistral -- Filosofía, ideología y política en América Latina -- Cronología de Leopoldo Zea -- Bibliografía de y sobre Leopoldo Zea.

La barbarie de la historia - Continente europeo y marginalidad continental - Barbarie y civilización : Rusia - Barbarie y civilización : Iberia - Barbarie y civilización : Britania - Mesianismo y ortodoxia eslava - Europeización o americanización de España - Eurocentrismo - Ciencia desde la barbarie y la civilización - Más allá de la marginación y la barbarie.

The United Nations’ increasing involvement in global sustainability culminated in 2015 with the release of the 2030 Agenda. This agenda puts businesses in the spotlight, and their innovation and stakeholder partnering activities are portrayed as essential strategies for achieving an ambitious set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals. In this study, we identify six distinct dynamic stakeholder engagement strategies—resilient specialists, opportunity explorers, uncommitted diversifiers, rainbow warriors, rainbow washers, and progressive learners—and distinguish two approaches to innovate, depending on the range of SDG (...) targets aimed to achieve simultaneously. On the one hand, for firms that take a narrow approach intended to achieve a reduced set of SDG targets, we predict that successful dynamic stakeholder engagement strategies are those that end up with an intensive collaboration with a reduced number of stakeholder groups. On the other hand, for firms adopting a broad innovation approach to satisfy a wide set of SDG targets, we predict that successful dynamic stakeholder engagement strategies are those that end up interacting with a wide number of stakeholder groups. Longitudinal analysis of more than 3900 Spanish firms supports our predictions and suggests clear implications for responsible innovation research and the advancement of sustainable development through collaboration. (shrink)

This first-time translation makes available to English-speaking readers a seminal essay in Latin American thought by one of Latin America's leading intellectuals. Originally published in Mexico in 1957, The Role of the Americas in History explores the meaning of the history of the Americas in relation to universal history. Amy A. Oliver's introduction provides an excellent overview of such major themes in Zea's thought as marginality, humanism, Catholicism and Protestantism, philosophy of history, and liberation.

the main relevant philosophical aspect in Suárez’s interpretation of the transcendentals is his doctrine of the notions res and aliquid . therefore, after analyzing the nature and the number of the transcendentals, as well as the relationship between them and the first principles, the article goes into a detailed historical analysis of the notions res and aliquid. With precedents in Avicenna and Duns Scotus, the ens is understood according to Suarez, negatively, as it is not nothing and, in such sense, (...) it is something ( aliquid ) and, positively, as it has got a quidditas and, therefore, it is res. the question of nothing ( nihil ) is thus introduced into modern metaphysics. What’s more, the said interpretation is one of the fundamental conditions of the transformation of metaphysics in modern ontology . thus, in the post- Cartesian context of Schulmetaphysik, and its aliquitas (as non-nihil ) and its quiditative character (as res ) being presumed, the ens will be understood as an intelligible . through that, a Copernican revolution commenced that anticipated Kant himself. (shrink)

Dentro de la perspectiva de lo que el autor denomina lecciones universales,los grandes pensamientos que de las conversaciones con Goethe pudo recoger Eckermann constituyen enseñanzas sobre lo que puede llamarse sabiduría de la vida, y también orientaciones para el diseño de una humanidad más alta, espiritualmente. El artículo contiene, además, información sobre quién era Eckermann y una serie de lecciones goethianas que van desde una profunda intuición metafísica hasta asuntos prácticos y concretos.

Ce volume rassemble une dizaine d’études inédites, précédées d’une préface générale, portant sur l’articulation entre mythe et philosophie dans l’œuvre de Platon. Plus spécifiquement, la question qui intéresse les études ici réunies est celle du rapport complexe entre les récits mythiques que l’on voit apparaître dans les dialogues et le projet proprement philosophique (dialectique) de Platon. Cette question est d’autant plus prégnante que Platon lui-même ne cesse de probléma­tiser la fonctio...

Hablamos de jóvenes aquí, es verdad, en un sentido sociológico y no estrictamente demográfico: todos aquellos ciudadanos que tienen derecho de sufragio y son menores de, digamos, treinta y cinco años. Y lo haremos -además- desde el punto de vista histórico, observando, es decir, la juventud de hoy, pero también la de ayer. Desde que la Ilustración inventase la infancia y la juventud, no hay condición biológica más sujeta a una definición social que la de ser joven. Ni, por lo (...) que parece, hay condición biológica más sujeta a todo tipo de efectos sociales: sin empleo y sin vivienda, los jóvenes se encuentran condenados a permanecer en una situación de minoría de edad ficticia. (shrink)

Scotus’ mark on Suárez’s metaphysics can be perceived not only in his elaboration of intellectual knowledge of the singular, but also in the idea that prime matter is not pure potency, but possesses its own act, as well as in the thesis that states that the accident possesses too its own being. Of these two ideas, in addition to the tendency towards hypostatisation both regarding matter and accident, comes the breakdown of the unity of material substance both in the substantial (...) and accidental planes, something that Suárez, in a way very similar to Scotus, tries to remedy by appealing to the modes of union. Lastly, a fundamental consequence of the hypostatisation of the accident is phenomenism, as seen in the works of authors such as Locke and Kant. (shrink)

The present book seeks to present a comprehensive picture of one on the most important stages in Hispanic-American thought, a stage during which there were ardent discussions of the problems presented by the incorporation of Hispanic America into the new social, political, and educational currents, once political independence had been won from Spain. This period was regarded as the incorporation of Hispanic America into civilization. There followed a discussion of the problems arising from the formation of a new order that (...) was to be a worthy substitute for the repudiated colonial order. (shrink)

Este artigo pretende mostrar que, para Kant, a psicologia empírica deve ocupar um lugar análogo ao dafísica empírica. Isso pode ser explicado levando-se em consideração a distinção entre uma ciência da natureza genuína , que não seria possível para a psicologia, e uma ciência natural não-genuína a qual caracterizaria a psicologia como uma ciênciaempírica. Defende-se que Kant deixou um fio condutor para a construção dessa psicologia empírica, seja indicandoum quadro transcendental – não no que se refere à formulação de uma (...) psicologia racional, mas caracterizável pelaaplicabilidade dos princípios do entendimento teórico a seus objetos, seja oferecendo um quadro heurístico para apesquisa empírica dos objetos dados ao sentido interno. Ao final, demonstra-se que grande parte das propostas deuma psicologia científica pós-Kant está construída sob influência desse quadro kantiano, ainda que existam concep-ções de psicologia empírica elaboradas fora desse quadro. The article intends to show that Kant considers that empirical psychology should occupy a place analogous to empirical physics. This can be explained taking into consideration the distinction between a genuine naturalscience, an a priori science, which would not be possible for psychology, and a non-genuine natural science, a natural history that furnishes only empirical laws regarding its objects, which would categorize psychology as an empirical science. It is defended that Kant provided a guideline for the construction of such an empirical psychology,indicating a transcendental framework, not in that which refers to the formulation of a rational psychology, but characterized by the applicability of principles of theoretical understanding of its objects, offering a heuristic frameworkfor the empirical research of the given data based on their internal meaning. Finally, it is indicated that a great partof the proposals of scientific psychology post – Kant are constructed under the influence of this Kantian framework,even though there exist concepts of empirical psychology that are elaborated beyond this framework. (shrink)

Peter Sloterdijk’s theory of the spheres is confronted with the idea that there is in it an erotic foundation that would determine to a great extent the understanding of the spherical cosmos. The argument resorts to the concepts of medieval spherical cardiality and erototope to demonstrate that the exegetical, hermeneutic, and sometimes mythological form that the Sloterdijkian account acquires, oriented in principle to explain the existence of Homo sapiens according to an ultra-technological foundation, could perhaps be better understood as an (...) unthinkable phenomenology of the heart. (shrink)