L’évolution de la terminologie relative au handicap intellectuel a été examinée pour comprendre les débats sur les préférences linguistiques. Les articles de journaux néerlandais publiés entre 1950 et 2020 et contenant des termes relatifs au handicap intellectuel ont été analysés à l’aide d’une analyse de contenu quantitative et qualitative. Les résultats ont montré que la terminologie liée au handicap intellectuel a changé dans la presse en faveur de celle adoptée par les organisations de personnes handicapées, les universitaires et le gouvernement. (...) L’utilisation de termes comme “faible d’esprit” ou “mongolien” est en recul. Cependant, les journaux ont continué d’utiliser certaines expressions dépassées et péjoratives. Dans des situations sans rapport avec la déficience, les termes liés au handicap intellectuel – en particulier les termes “idiot” et “retardé” – sont fréquemment utilisés pour renforcer une opinion négative. Les lecteurs de journaux néerlandais sont donc confrontés à une multitude déroutante de termes liés à des représentations disparates des personnes handicapées, qu’ils soient désuets et négatifs, ou positifs et inclusifs. (shrink)

Gerrie ter Haar oi James J. Busuttil (eds.), The Freedom to Do God’s Will. Religious Fundamentalism and Social Change Routledge, London and New York, 2003.

Gerrie ter Haar, James J. Busuttil (eds.) Bridge or barrier: religion, violence and visions for peace Ed. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2005.

This is an excerpt from the contentReligion and Human Rights: An Introductionby John Witte and M. Christian Green, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011Religion and Development: Ways of Transforming the Worldby Gerrie ter Haar London: Hurst & Co., 2011The question of religion in either human rights or development has sparked long and loud debate in the wake of the Cold War. This discourse focuses on whether or not religion is needed in a post-Enlightenment world, and if it is what (...) its role should be, or whether or not religions must jettison articles of faith for a new humanistic social order. The two books reviewed here, Religion and Human Rights: An Introduction, edited by John Witte and M. Christian Green, and Religion and Development: Ways of Transforming the World, edited by Gerrie ter Haar, meet this question head on and attempt to provide recommendations for including religion in the great struggle to bring freedom and justice to all people. The collected essays are stunning in their depth and breadth of per. (shrink)

ABSTRACT‘Not in Heaven’: Coherence and Complexity in Biblical Narrative. Edited by J. P. Rosenblatt and J. C. Sitterson Jr.Towards a Grammar of Biblical Poetics: Tales of the Prophets. By Herbert Chanan Brichto.The Historical Jesus: The Life of a Mediterranean Jewish Peasant. By John Dominic Crossan.Jesus and the Oral Gospel Tradition. Edited by Henry Wansbrough.The Rhetoric of Righteousness in Romans 3.21‐26. By Douglas A. Campbell.Paul and the Rhetoric of Reconciliation: An Exegetical Investigation of rhe Language and Composition of I Corinthians. By (...) Margaret M. Mitchell.Divine Disclosure: An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic. By D. S. Russell.Judaism. By Hans Küng.Jewish History and Thought: An Introduction. By Menahem Mansoor.Studies in the Jewish Background to Christianity. By Daniel R. Schwartz.Der verborgene und offenbare Gott: Hauptthemen der ffühen jüdischen Mystik. By Peter Schäfer.The Foundations of Mysticism: Origins to the Fifth Century. By Bernard McGinn.The Eucharistic Prayer of Addai and Mari. By A. Gelston.Thomas Becket in the Medieval Latin Preaching Tradition: An Inventory of Sermons about St Thomas Becket c.1170‐c.1400. By Phyllis B. Roberts.Einsiclit und Bekehrung: Ausgangspunkt der Fundamental theologie bei Bernard Lunergan. By Grzegorz Dobroczynski.The Liberation of Consciousness: Bemurd Lonergan's Theological Foundations in Dialogue with the Theological Aesthetics of Hans Urs von Balthasar. By Hilary A. Mooney.Systematic Theology, Volume I. By Wolfhart Pannenberg.Revelation: From Metaphor to Analogy. By Richard Swinburne.Sociology and Liturgy: Re‐presentations of the Holy. By Kieran Flanagan.Communication Theory for Christian Witness. By Charles H. Kraft.Contemporary Literary Theory: A Christian Appraisal. Edited by Clarence Walhout and Leland Ryken.Eucharistic Poetry: The Search for Presence in the Writings of John Donne, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Dylan Thomas and Geoffrey Hill. By Eleanor J. McNees.La Vie religieuse: Un chemin d'humanitk. By Paul Lebeau.Venantius Fortunatus: A Latin Poet in Merovingian Gaul. By Judith George.The Rise of Magic in Early Medieval Europe. By Valerie I. J. Flint.The Later Crusades: From Lyons to Alcazar, 1274‐1580. By Norman Housley.Beneath the Cross: Catholics and Huguenots in Sixteenth‐Century Paris. By Barbara B. Diefendorf.Gentlemen and Jesuits: Quests for Glory and Adventure in the Early Days of New France. By Elizabeth Jones.Education in New France. By Roger Magnuson.Early American Methodism. By Russell E. Richey.Cheap Bibles: Nineteenth‐Century Publishing and the British and Foreign Bible Society. By Leslie Howsam.Hopkins: A Literary Biography. By Norman White.The Old Palace: A History of the Oxford University Catholic Chaplaincy. By Walter Drumm.Peace Movements: International Protest and World Politics since 1945. By April Carter.The Christian Church in the Cold War. By Owen Chadwick.Spirit of Africa: The Healing Ministry of Archbishop Milingo of Zambia. By Gerrie Ter Haar.Aristotle's ‘Physics’: A Collection of Essays. Edited by Lindsay Judson.Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy: Supplementary Volume, 1991. Edited by Henry Blumenthal and Howard Robinson.Substance and Predication in Aristotle. By Frank A. Lewis.The Perfection of the Universe according to Aquinas: A Theological Cosmology. By Oliva Blanchette.The Thought of Thomas Aquinas. By Brian Davies.Kant's Philosophy of Religion Reconsidered. Edited by Philip J. Rossi and Michael Wreen.Marx's Theory of History: The Contemporary Debate. Edited by Paul Wetherly.The Cambridge Companion to Marx. Edited by R. Terrell Carver.Essentialism: A Wittgensteinian Critique. By Garth L. Hallett.The Realistic Spirit: Wittgenstein, Philosophy and the Mind. By Cora Diamond.From Existence to God: A Contemporary Philosophical Argument. By Barry Miller.Will and World: A Study in Metaphysics. By N. M. L. Nathan.Being A Philosopher: The History of a Practice. By David Hamlyn. (shrink)

Het is zeer verheugend dat een nieuw boek van mevr. C.J. de Vogel verschenen is. Het is historisch van belang en de schrijfster verdient het, dat mede hierdoor nog weer eens de aandacht gevestigd wordt op haar persoon en haar werk. Daaraan wordt ook bijgedragen door de ‘Prof. dr. C.J. de Vogel Stichting ter bevordering van de wijsbegeerte der klassieke Oudheid’ die zich heeft ingezet voor het organiseren van de ‘C.J. de Vogel-Memorial lectures’. Deze vormen nu reeds bijna (...) vijftien jaar de openingslezing van de conferenties van de International Plato Society die om de drie jaar gehouden worden. (shrink)

Michel Haar argues that Heidegger went too far in transferring all traditional properties of man to being.

La pensée de Nietzsche, loin d'avoir vieilli, suggère et appelle de nouvelles et continuelles reformulations. Le souci qui fut le sien, celui du dépassement du nihilisme, demeure notre souci premier. Le nihilisme n'est pas l'absence de valeurs et de sens, mais leur affaiblissement indéfini. Les sens anciens, subsistent mais frappés d'asthénie, d'insuffisance, d'irréalité. Dans le nihilisme, rien ne vaut plus, ou tout se vaut, tout s'égalise, tout est égal, équivalent, sans force. Tout est dépassé, usé, affaibli, terni, mourant. Pour sortir (...) d'un potentiellement interminable crépuscule des valeurs et des sens anciens, Nietzsche ne voit d'autre issue que leur renversement, leur totale refondation. (shrink)

Cette étude analyse la pensée actuelle sur les décisions-fin-de-vie (DfdV) en France d’un point de vue hollandais. Un nombre limité d’interviews avec des ‘opinion-leaders’ français est pris comme base du project. Jusqu’au jour présent, le domaine des DfdV en France a été troublé en l’absence de définitions et de législation plus spécifiques. Les médecins français pourront faire face à un dilemme en soignant un malade mourant, pris en étau entre le caractère illégal officiel de l’euthanasie d’une part et l’obligation professionnelle (...) de traiter chaque cas de façon particulière d’autre part. La conséquence de l’environnement réglementaire incertain est une déresponsabilisation des médecins français vis-à-vis de leurs collègues et des patients. L’adoption de réformes législatives, en ayant la possibilité d’augmenter le nombre de cas d’euthanasie, se heurtait en France à des arguments cartésiens, paternalistes et religieux. En Novembre 2004, l’Assemblée Nationale a adopté une proposition de loi ayant pour but de rendre plus transparente la mise en pratique des limitations et des arrêts de traitement et de reduire la crainte des médecins de poursuites pénales. Cette proposition de loi a été par la suite approuvée par le Sénat. Aux Pays-Bas, l’euthanasie–la terminaison active de la vie–est légale et régulée par des critères précis. L’approche hollandaise fait référence au concept anglo-saxon d’autonomie du patient et correspond à la préférence générale de la société hollandaise pour la révélation et la régulation des activités controversielles plutôt que de tolérer leur existence sub rosa. Depuis l’entrée en vigueur de la régulation sur l’euthanasie aux Pays-Bas le nombre de cas rapportés a augmenté, mais pas le nombre d’euthanasies. Les règles sont respectées et la qualité de la communication entre médecin et patient est élevée. La vigilance Française pour l’autonomie professionnelle offre un exemple de valeur pour les Hollandais. Les Hollandais, de leur part, fournissent des exemples concrets pour la régulation du domaine des DfdV en France dont on a fait un début récemment. (shrink)

SummaryThis study considers the range of thinking about end-of-life decisions (ELD) in France from a Dutch point of view, taking a small number of interviews with important French opinion-leaders as a basis. Until today, end-of-life care in France has been clouded with uncertainty pending the enactment of more specific definitions and regulations. French physicians could face a dilemma in treating a dying patient, caught between an official ban on ELD and a professional obligation to treat cases individually. The practical consequence (...) of this climate is a lack of accountability of the French physician towards colleagues and patients. Rationalistic, paternalistic, and religious traditions have been obstructive to the adoption of regulatory reforms. In November 2004, Parliament accepted a law proposal by which the practice of the withholding and withdrawal of life-saving therapies would become more transparent, which would diminish the physician’s fear of legal persecution. This proposal was then converted into law by the Senate. In the Netherlands, euthanasia – the active termination of life – is legal and regulated according to specific criteria. The Dutch approach has been shaped by an Anglo-Saxon emphasis on individual autonomy, and conforms to a broad preference in Dutch society to disclose and regulate controversial activities rather than to tolerate them sub rosa. As the Dutch regulations have been enacted, reporting rates – but not euthanasia cases–have risen. Compliance with the criteria and doctor–patient communication have been high. The French vigilance of professional autonomy provides a valuable example to the Dutch. The Dutch, in return, offer the French concrete examples for ELD policy. (shrink)

The topic of temporal meaning in texts has received considerable attention in recent years from scholars in linguistics, logical semantics, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. Representing Time in Natural Language offers a systematic and detailed account of how we use temporal information contained in a text or in discourse to reason about the flow of time, inferring the order in which events happened when this is not explicitly stated. A new representational system is designed to formalize an appropriately context-dependent notion (...) of situated inference. The Dynamic Aspect Tree, representing temporal dependencies, constitutes a novel and important dynamic temporal logic, one that makes it easy to see "what follows when" from the information given in an ordinary English text. (shrink)

Provides an assessment of the overcoming of metaphysics urged by Nietzsche--a critical and reconstructive overcoming. He also probes Nietzsche's project of subverting subjectivity.

This book is about Karl Popper's early writings before he began his career as a philosopher. The purpose of the book is to demonstrate that Popper's philosophy of science, with its emphasis on the method of trial and error, is largely based on the psychology of Otto Selz, whose theory of problem solving and scientific discovery laid the foundation for much of contemporary cognitive psychology. By arguing that Popper's famous defence of the method of falsification as well as his elaboration (...) of an evolutionary theory of knowledge are equally indebted to German psychology, Michel ter Hark challenges the received view of the development of Popper's philosophy. The book concludes with a reinterpretation of Popper's theory of the mind-body problem, emphasizing its contemporary relevance. (shrink)

This essay by the Dutch modernist writer Menno ter Braak, ‘National Socialism as a Doctrine of Rancour’, was written in 1937 just before the German annexation of the Netherlands. It is a rare examination of how the concept ressentiment can be used to analyse 1930s National Socialism, outlining the ways in which the fascist variant of ressentiment is both distinctive and also, nonetheless, connected to its democratic and socialist versions. The essay develops Nietzsche’s and Scheler’s understandings of ressentiment by applying (...) them to fascism, insisting on the centrality of the moral sentiment of ressentiment not just to populism but to all forms of democracy, and to any philosophical or political orientation committed to an ideal of equality, indeed to all of modern society, culture and politics. (shrink)

The need for ethical leadership in navigating today’s complex, global and competitive organisations has been established. While research has confirmed the importance of ethical leaders in promoting positive organisational and employee outcomes, scant research has examined the antecedents of ethical leadership. Furthermore, there has been a call for further examination of leadership models, particularly indigenous leadership models. Responding to these issues, this study suggests Māori leaders’ values add insights into enhancing ethical leadership. Three studies confirm the role of Māori values (...) and ethical leadership. Study one, based on kaupapa Māori research methods, is an exploratory 22-interview study of Māori leaders and identifies five values, as common to successful indigenous leaders. In study two, 249 employees rate their leaders on these five dimensions in relation to their ethical leadership and exchange relationships. Structural equation modelling shows strong support for the distinct nature of the five values and their positive influence on ethical leadership perceptions and quality exchange relationships. Study three, on 122 employees, reinforces the findings of study two—and demonstrates that LMX predicts job outcomes both indirectly and directly, with humility and collectivism also directly predicting outcomes. Our findings suggest that indigenous leaders’ values enhance perceptions and outcomes of ethical leadership for employees. (shrink)

Calibrating a simulation is a crucial step for certain kinds of simulation modeling, and it results in a simulation that is epistemically different from its pre- or uncalibrated counterpart. This article discusses how simulation model builders mitigate uncertainty about model parameters that are necessary for modeling through calibration and argues that the simulation outcomes after calibration are physically meaningful and relevant. When evaluating the epistemic status of computer simulations, comparisons between computer simulations and traditional experiments need to consider this important (...) methodological step. (shrink)

This article examines the role of taste perception in Galen’s research on simple drugs in relation to the acquisition of knowledge. To this end, 1.) I make it plausible through an examination of sources that the sometimes increased, more detailed and divergent indications of taste compared to his predecessors, especially Dioscorides and Sextius Niger, are based on Galen’s own research, 2.) reconstruct Galen’s research practice and 3.) examine the presentation of his results in linguistic and logical terms and explain the (...) differences to traditional pharmacology. I argue that a) gustatory perception has a special significance in Galen’s work that goes far beyond its traditional descriptive function and b) that, starting from the realisation that taste and drug action are interrelated, he assigns to taste qualities an indicator function for a much more fundamental principle that causes drug action and thus c) has prepared the ground for a pharmacognosy that also classifies according to taste principles, which was to reach its climax much later. With a view to a practice of gustatory testing of herbal drugs that is still practised today in pharmacy, which, like any other natural science discipline, has otherwise largely lost the sensory reference to its subject matter, the article would therefore like to provide an encouragement to study the “history of pharmaceutical-medical tasting”. (shrink)

L'Histoire occidentale, devenue planétaire, donne aujourd'hui des signes d'épuisement. Elle semble incapable d'imaginer son avenir. Sera-t-il un crépuscule interminable, ou verra-t-il une nouvelle aurore? Depuis longtemps déjà, au-dessus de la " Terre du Soir ", le soleil des grands principes qui firent époque, décline. Sommes-nous sur le point d'entrer dans une longue " nuit du monde ", où seuls nous guideront quelques feux clignotants et nos divers écrans allumés en permanence? Les utopies sur la " fin de l'Histoire " se (...) sont successivement effondrées. -N'est-il pas également utopique d'espérer un " nouveau commencement "? En quel espace une " autre Histoire " se situerait-elle? Par delà celle de l'Etre, qui s'achèverait dans la gigantesque Machinerie technologique ; ou bien, parallèlement à son ultime époque, comme son envers ou son Histoire secrète? Le plus clair de l'interprétation heideggérienne de Nietzsche sert à poser les bases de la " métaphysique achevée ", que régit la " volonté de volonté ". Cette lecture est-elle tenable? Et, bien plus, la métaphysique en son essence est-elle oubliable, achevable? Un tel adieu est-il possible? Si l'on préfère parler ici de " fracture de l'Histoire " c'est que rien de ce qui a fait date de façon essentielle ne s'achève : les brèches de l'Histoire ne se comblent pas, mais se recomposent imperceptiblement, laissant entrevoir de l'extra-historique ou de l'inachevable. Il ne s'agit pourtant pas dans ces essais de simplement " critiquer Heidegger ", mais de réentendre ou de prolonger les questions invieillissables qu'il nous a léguées - afin d'élucider s'il se peut la lente, douloureuse et incertaine mutation de l'époque. (shrink)

Lire Heidegger, c'est relire autrement tout ce que nous lisons. Ce Cahier invite à mieux comprendre la pensée heideggérienne autours des thèmes principaux qu'il aborde.Des essais, témoignages et lettres retracent l'impacte de sa pensée dans la culture moderne.Textes de : Walter Biemel, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Ernst Jünger, Roger Munier, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Herbert Marcuse, Jean-Luc Marion, John Sallis, David Farrel Krell, Jean-François Courtine, Jean Beauffret, Dominique Janicaud, Otto Pöggeler, Jean-Louis Chrétien, Jean-Pierre Charcosset, F. Wybrands, Jacques Taminiaux, Hubert L. Dreyfus, Marc (...) Froment-Meurice, Jean-Michel Palmier, Reiner Schürmann, Jean-Marie Vaysse, Henri Birault, Jacques Derrida, Gérard Granel, Daniel Charles, Gabriel Liiceanu, Jean Greisch, René Gonner.Contient un choix de textes de Heidegger. (shrink)