ABSTRACT The current article is inserted in the domain of legal theory, having as objective to discuss the concept and the centrality of authority in contemporaneous debate around legal positivism, just as offer an alternative position, sustained by Pashukanis and based on legal subject (a nearly forgotten category, overshadowed by the horizon of legal norm and its authority). The study proceeds with a comparative analysis of the notion of authority in legal positivism’s classical authors (Austin, Kelsen e Hart), pointing out (...) how this perspective is still hegemonic in contemporaneous legal thinking, even in the contemporaneous versions of legal positivism. The next step is the contrast of authority-based conception with Evgeni Pashukanis’ conception, whose core is legal subjectivity. By comparing the main theoretical propositions with the Pashukanian perspective of legal form, it is noted that authority is a void concept, unable to define the historical specificity of law. Understood as state repressive power, as socially recognized power or as (self proclaimed) legitimate reason to act, authority can not provide legal phenomenon’s conceptual boundaries. (shrink)

In this essay, we focus on the moral justification of a highly controversial measure to redress medical brain drain: the duty to stay. We argue that the moral justification for this duty lies primarily in the fact that medical students impose high risks on their fellow citizens while receiving their medical training, which in turn gives them a reciprocity-based reason to temporarily prioritize the medical needs of their fellow citizens.

Daniel Isaacson has advanced an epistemic notion of arithmetical truth according to which the latter is the set of truths that we grasp on the basis of our understanding of the structure of natural numbers alone. Isaacson’s thesis is then the claim that Peano Arithmetic (PA) is the theory of finite mathematics, in the sense that it proves all and only arithmetical truths thus understood. In this paper, we raise a challenge for the thesis and show how it can be (...) overcome. We introduce the concept of purity for theories of arithmetic: a theory of arithmetic is pure when it only proves arithmetical truths. Then, we argue that, under Isaacson’s thesis, some PA-provable truths—including transfinite induction claims for infinite ordinals and some consistency statements—are seemingly not arithmetical in Isaacson’s sense, and hence that Isaacson’s thesis might entail the impurity of PA. Nonetheless, we conjecture that the advocate of Isaacson’s thesis can avoid this undesirable consequence: the arithmetical nature, as understood by Isaacson, of all contentious PA-provable statements can be justified. As a case study, we explore how this is done for transfinite induction claims with infinite ordinals below ε0. To this end, we show that the PA-proof of such claims employs exclusively resources from finite mathematics, and that ordinals below ε0 are finitary objects despite being infinite. (shrink)

Castro-Gómez, Santiago. Revoluciones sin sujeto. Slavoj Žižek y la crítica del historicismo posmoderno. Ciudad de México: Akal, 2015. 400 pp.

An inquiry into the current ways of knowing, their ramifications, and institutional and noninstitutional artistic practices that provide channels for education from below. Artistic Ecologies: New Compasses and Tools aims to both analyze and speculate about potentials of artistic ecologies, collective learning, and engaged pedagogies to engender new institutionalities. Going beyond tensions between individuals and institutions, Artistic Ecologies examines avenues for collective learning. If learning for life is emancipation—understood not just as a matter of power but of freedom—the essential question (...) that emerges is: What knowledge makes us free and how can institutions help produce it? In search of an answer, this publication’s textual and visual contributions explore sites and practices through which new institutionalities can emerge. Artistic Ecologies comprises essays analyzing current ways of knowing and their ramifications (Marina Garcés, Yayo Herrero and Pirate Care) and portraying alternative ways of forming knowledge through institutional and non-institutional artistic practices (DAAR—Decolonizing Architecture Art Research, Yael Davids, Max Jorge Hinderer Cruz, The Sensing Salon). Artistic contributions in various formats—poems, drawings, visual essays—by Luna Acosta, CAConrads, Eva Ďurovec, Teuta Gatolin, Margherita Isola, and Jammers illustrate heterodox channels for questioning the dominant forms of knowledge and educating from below. (shrink)

El autor de este artículo lee el Apologeticum de Tertuliano como un texto de transición ideológica entre los primeros escritos mesiánicos del cristianismo y la teología política del siglo IV, i.e. una obra que fusiona teología imperial y cristianismo. Dejando de lado las disputas teológicas con el judaísmo, Tertuliano propone una discusión frontal con los romanos sobre la relación del concepto de divinidad con el poder político y quiere mostrar que la teología y la ética de los cristianos son mucho (...) más apropiadas para una realidad como el Imperio romano que las que ha impuesto la tradición politeísta. En este razonamiento se destaca la correspondencia entre monoteísmo y monarquía universal. The author of this paper reads Apologeticum by Tertullian as a text of ideological transition between the early messianic Christian writings and political fourth century theology, i.e. a work that combines Imperial theology and Christianity. Leaving apart the theological disputes with Judaism, Tertullian proposes a frontal discussion with the Romans on the relationship of the concept of divinity with political power and wants to show that theology and Christian ethics are much more appropriate for a reality as Roman Empire which has imposed the polytheistic tradition. His argumentation stands out the reciprocation between monotheism and universal monarchy. (shrink)

PurposeAnomic feelings are predicted to play a moderating role in the relationship between organisational justice perceptions and the citizenship use of the organisation's internet access, or cybercivism. The purpose of this paper is to hypothesise that, just as AFs are supported in prior research as able to intensify the negative effects of organisational justice on cyberloafing, they will also intensify the positive effects of OJ on cybercivism.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 270 of the 1,547 respondents at a public university.FindingsExcept in the (...) case of procedural justice, the results support that AF act as a moderator of the OJ‐cybercivism link because, among employees with comparatively less AF, the perceptions of the OJ under study had a stronger impact on cybercivism.Research limitations/implicationsTo generalise from a convenience sample of 17 per cent to the entire University is unfeasible, let alone the “public sector” as a whole for a whole culture/country. Therefore, the paper only aims to be an early exploration of actual phenomenon, and to provide new insights necessary to understand the impact of pervasive new media and information and communication technologies on individual behaviour in virtual work settings.Practical implicationsThe findings contribute to an improved understanding of the influence of OJ on cybercivism. As a moderator, anomia is supported in our sample as one of the key “controllers” of the OJ predictions on cybercivism and sets a new scenario in seeking electronic business effectiveness. By encouraging convincing values and equity in the workplace, organisational management seems be on the right path to create the proper context for cybercivism to occur.Originality/valueEmployee AFs are shown to be a moderator in the relationship between OJ and cybercivism. This is the first empirical test of this interaction. (shrink)

In his important new book National responsibility and global justice, David Miller presents a systematic challenge to existing theories of global justice. In particular, he argues that cosmopolitan egalitarianism must be rejected. Such views, Miller maintains, would place unacceptable burdens on the most productive political communities, undermine national self-determination, and disincentivize political communities from taking responsibility for their fate. They are also impracticable and quite unrealistic, at least under present conditions. Miller offers an alternative account that conceives global justice in (...) terms of a minimum set of basic rights that belong to human beings everywhere. Primary responsibility for securing such rights for an individual lies with his or her state, but in so far as these rights go unprotected, responsibilities for fulfilling them may fall on outsiders. While less ambitious that cosmopolitan egalitarian justice, Miller argues that his own view would nevertheless enable us to articulate what is most morally objectionable about our current world. In this article it is argued that none of Miller's critiques of cosmopolitan egalitarianism is effective, and that while certainly preferable to the status quo, a world governed by Miller's principles is not an attractive ideal. (shrink)

When engaging with magic, we are moved by seemingly impossible events that contradict what we believe to be possible in the real world. We are surprised, curious, and baffled when we cannot explain how the magic we are witnessing is possible. We generally understand the events to be illusions. But how is it possible to be moved by something we know to be unreal? This problem is related to the paradox of fiction in aesthetics. Here, we introduce the problem in (...) the domain of theatrical magic, discuss possible solutions, and present a tentative account that allows us to accommodate inconsistent, seemingly incompatible beliefs at different representational levels in the viewers’ mind. (shrink)

Which is the best icon of philosophical activity? The Spanish philosopher Garcia Morente analyses three sculptures: Le penseur by Rodin, Il pensieroso by Michelangelo and a sculpture known as El Doncel de Siguenza, in the cathedral of this Castilian town. Morente asserts that the latest reflects better than anyone else the nature of philosophy. In this paper the Morente’s view is rejected and another two ways of representing the philosophical activity are suggested: two ancient paintings that represent more properly the (...) philosophical labour, understood as an unending Socratic dialogue. (shrink)

At the heart of Sophia Moreau’s theory of wrongful discrimination is the moral duty to treat others as equals. This article raises some challenges regarding the contours of this duty and suggests some ways to make the theory stronger. In particular, it suggests that we incorporate a cosmopolitan view of the duty’s scope, that we illuminate the features at the basis of individuals’ equal moral status to determine its grounds, and that we identify some considerations about important interests to articulate (...) its contents. The relation between Moreau’s theory and human rights discourse is also briefly examined, and more engagement with the latter is recommended. (shrink)

Se propone una lectura de los textos del filósofo chileno Carlos Ruiz Schneider que presta atención a las citas que contiene y asume que éstas exceden su uso ilustrativo y autorizador, para funcionar como modo de expresión estético-político de un pensar filosófico comprometido con una democracia radical. Para ello se proyectan y reformulan categorías de análisis de crítica cultural y artística extraídas del trabajo de Nelly Richards (complementadas con aportes de la filosofía contemporáneas: Heidegger, Derrida, Foucault y Butler), pertinentes para (...) configurar lo que podría denominarse un ‘estilo epocal’ en el pensamiento crítico chileno de fines del siglo XX. A partir de esta lectura, se abre una reflexión más general sobre la posibilidad de la democracia en la indecible y, por tanto, secreta complicidad pensante desencadenada por las enunciaciones. _Palabras claves:_ Filosofía – Democracia – Cita – Obscenidad – Estética. (shrink)

En la Revolución Francesa, la extensión del ideal de una comunidad política de ciudadanos libres e iguales va acompañada de una nueva concepción del trabajo. El trabajo se convierte en el principal medio de integración social, sea a través del esfuerzo individual que conduce a la propiedad, sea a través de la asistencia a los pobres. Esta transición de una sociedad feudal a otra basada en la libertad de trabajo y el Estado asistencial sienta las bases para el surgimiento de (...) la noción del derecho al trabajo. En 1848, este derecho es entendido inicialmente como condición indispensable para el disfrute de cualesquiera otros derechos, pero la marcha descendente de la Revolución acaba provocando su expulsión de la Constitución. La importancia de este recorrido histórico reside en que nos ayuda a entender mejor el significado del derecho al trabajo en el constitucionalismo contemporáneo. Nos permite comprender que, a pesar de su imposible configuración como derecho subjetivo, su reconocimiento jurídico no es un brindis al sol, sino un recordatorio del vínculo existente, en toda sociedad democrática, entre la libertad política y las actividades productivas. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la importancia que tiene recuperar el concepto de «ideología» y con él la labor de crítica ideológica en la teoría del derecho. En las teorías positivistas de Kelsen y Ross era uno de los conceptos centrales, pero cayó paulatinamente en desuso en la segunda mitad del siglo xx, tanto a nivel político como en el campo específico de la teoría jurídica. En este trabajo se examinan algunas de las razones por las que se (...) dejó de utilizar y se propone un concepto de «ideología» capaz de evitar esos cuestionamientos. Por último, se ponen de manifiesto las consecuencias perjudiciales (tanto teóricas como prácticas) que trae aparejado el abandono de la crítica ideológica en la teoría jurídica. Se utiliza como caso de estudio la concepción postpositivista sobre la naturaleza del derecho defendida por Manuel Atienza y algunas de las decisiones argumentativas que el propio Atienza ha adoptado guiado por ella en una polémica sobre el estatus normativo de la gestación por sustitución en la práctica jurídica española. (shrink)

Debido a sus aportaciones, Lutero representaría un personaje clave para entender el inicio de la modernidad, aunque las líneas religiosas de su pensamiento no corresponden con los principios de este movimiento, ya que su propuesta sometía toda facultad humana a la fe, rechazando la razón como principio rector de la voluntad. No obstante, en su alzamiento, el agustino no se percató de lo racional que fue su proceder a través de las acciones tomadas para impulsar su reforma, dejando ver que, (...) por encima de lo religioso, las iniciativas de Lutero, representan una búsqueda de alternativas expresadas racionalmente. (shrink)

Derrida’s thought is a dynamic dimension, a movement beyond any attempt of conclusive definition. However, is there any possibility to grasp this task of endless destabilization? This paper brings up the proposal of reading Derrida’s work from the close but at the same time aporetical relation between place and space. In this sense, we question the common understanding of space as uniform and empty continuum where place would be just a ‘limit’, a perimeter. In order to do so, we will (...) pay attention to the particular Topology that ‘translation’ illustrates in Derrida’s work, just as the reality of the spectre and mourning, stating these two dimensions as examples of Derrida’s strategy. In this sense, through translation and mourning, we manage to make out that Derrida’s work, even though cannot be summarized in a single object or idea, it might be understood as the endless question about the place of and for deconstruction, that is, about place as deconstruction of space. Thus, Derrida’s Topology may constitute a new and radical way to read not only his own work, but to question ourselves. (shrink)

Tradicionalmente, la relación entre el yo y la experiencia se ha entendido a través de la conciencia, que no solo experimenta sino que también “crea” la experiencia, reflejando una noción arraigada desde Aristóteles. Para la filosofía moderna, la conciencia tiene la capacidad de categorizar y comprender lo percibido. Desde la perspectiva de Levinas, la conciencia y la comprensión se ven como actividad y poder simultáneamente. Sin embargo, surge la pregunta: ¿Es la experiencia de un objeto finito comparable a la experiencia (...) de lo infinito o absoluto? La experiencia religiosa expone al yo a un acontecimiento que no puede ser comprendido por la actividad sintetizadora de la conciencia, según Levinas. Para abordar esta cuestión, utilizaremos conceptos que van más allá de la filosofía clásica, como la trascendencia, la intencionalidad invertida (bouleversé), lo infinito y Dios. Nuestro objetivo es demostrar que la percepción y la representación subjetiva de lo absoluto difiere fundamentalmente de la de cualquier otro fenómeno. Exploraremos con Levinas el uso de un lenguaje no ontológico que pueda expresar lo invisible e “incognoscible” de la experiencia religiosa, sin abandonar el discurso ontológico. En síntesis, busco dilucidar cómo la experiencia del absoluto desafía las categorías tradicionales de la conciencia y la comprensión, y cómo un enfoque filosófico alternativo puede arrojar luz sobre esta compleja dinámica. (shrink)

Based on a critical theoretical tradition of democracy, the article rehearses an interpretation of the Chilean revolt of October 2019. It is argued that this episode indicates the exhaustion of the myth in which democracy obtains its legitimacy and perpetuation as a promise of the realisation of its founding values. To this end, it examines the overall historical context in which the Chilean democratic transition is taking place, thus discovering its close link to the order designed by the Chilean dictatorship. (...) A series of symbolisms articulate the global market order with the social model favoured by the dictatorship, but implemented with a democratic appearance. Finally, the elements that allow us to understand the signs of the collapse of the ‘democratic mythologem’ in the October revolt are reviewed and questions are asked about the political challenges that are posed. (shrink)

Para Deleuze, la ética es un saber experimental: se trata de componer relaciones, probar si una nueva conexión aumenta la potencia del cuerpo o la depotencia. Este artículo persigue un objetivo central: mostrar los elementos necesarios para la construcción de una ética inmanente y relacional que no esté fundada en el modelo del juicio moral, sino como una praxis experimental a partir de la interpretación que Deleuze hace de la ética de Spinoza y la filosofía de Nietzsche.

This article analyzes the evolution of state capacity in Peru during the recent commodity boom. Peru’s economic growth happened in a context in which inclusive democratic institutions were at play for the longest period ever registered in the country and at a time when political elites decided to invest considerable resources in developing state capacity. This case illustrates how boom-led economic growth can lead to the institutional strengthening of a weak state. However, state capacity continues to be low in Peru. (...) The causal mechanism that yields such continuity differs from those entertained in classic path-dependent explanations of state capacity in Latin America. The article identifies a novel mechanism that helped reproduce the Peruvian path intertemporally. This relational mechanism suggests that state capacity remains low because of the relatively enhanced capacities of state challengers to locally fend off and contest an otherwise much stronger state apparatus. The article argues, on that basis, the need to employ a relational analysis that gauges net state strength with respect to the power acquired by relevant non-state actors who might challenge state authority across different local arenas. Classic conceptualizations of state capacity are indeed relational, but conventional applications are predominantly unilateral and, thus, misleading. Unilateral notions of state capacity are those that focus on either state efforts and investments to assert state capacity or, alternatively, on the presence of challenges that curtail the levels of actually observed state capacity. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es situar contextualmente y explicar algunas de las bases de la acción y el discurso de la corriente de la Tradición Iberoamericana de los Derechos Humanos (TIDH). La llegada de los europeos a América fue abordada por la Escuela ibérica de la Paz desde las premisas de una tradición que esbozó una Modernidad católica diferente a la Modernidad hegemónica. La influencia de esas visiones permitió que el proyecto de la Monarquía hispánica en general, y para (...) el Nuevo Mundo en particular, contase con una importante dimensión ético-religiosa. Las contradicciones entre ese proyecto y la realidad de la acción de los españoles en las Indias Occidentales conformaron el marco que suscitó las denuncias y las realizaciones teórico-prácticas de los misioneros que, llegados al nuevo continente desde la Península ibérica, iniciaron la TIDH. El reconocimiento de la común dignidad humana será el fundamento para la construcción de un discurso que empleará los derechos humanos universales como instrumento de defensa de los pueblos amerindios y afroamericanos, llevando a su mejor desarrollo las ideas de la Escuela ibérica. (shrink)

DNA methylation can be considered a component of epigenetic memory with a critical role during embryo development, and which undergoes dramatic reprogramming after fertilization. Though it has been a focus of research for many years, the reprogramming mechanism is still not fully understood. Recent results suggest that absence of maintenance at DNA replication is a major factor, and that there is an unexpected role for TET3-mediated oxidation of 5mC to 5hmC in guarding against de novo methylation. Base-resolution and genome-wide profiling (...) methods are enabling more comprehensive assessments of the extent to which ART might impair DNA methylation reprogramming, and which sequence elements are most vulnerable. Indeed, as we also review here, studies showing the effect of culture media, ovarian stimulation or embryo transfer on the methylation pattern of embryos emphasize the need to face ART-associated defects and search for strategies to mitigate adverse effects on the health of ART-derived children. DNA methylation, critical for embryo development, suffers significant changes after fertilization, including demethylation, remethylation and TET3-mediated oxidation of 5 mC to 5 hmC. In addition to infertility and environmental insults, ART could impact DNA methylation and ART related consequences in the offspring have been reported. (shrink)

En este trabajo analizo la autonomía y relevancia normativa de las normas permisivas. En especial, mis propósitos principales son revisar dos tesis escépticas: los permisos y las normas permisivas pueden reducirse a otras formas normativas, e.g. derogación de prohibiciones, y no se producen diferencias significativas cuando se permite una conducta que no había sido previamente regulada. Ambas tesis son examinadas en relación a la naturaleza y función del principio de clausura normativa. La conclusión de este trabajo es que las normas (...) permisivas, y en particular las normas de clausura, pueden cumplir una importante función en los sistemas normativos y son una herramienta útil para analizar otros problemas como las lagunas del derecho y la discreción judicial. (shrink)

Este ensayo parte de una experiencia disruptiva en un aula de bachillerato de un instituto español. En el transcurso de una clase ordinaria de filosofía, un incidente inesperado rompe la definición de la situación, haciendo añicos el consenso de trabajo entre los alumnos y el profesor. Para reconstruir su trasfondo de expectativas, los alumnos se ven forzados a emplear estrategias de acomodación y normalización. En el análisis de esta experiencia disruptiva convergen la fenomenología del mundo social de Alfred Schütz, la (...) etnometodología de Harold Garfinkel y el interaccionismo simbólico de Erving Goffman.This essay starts from a disruptive experience in a Spanish high school classroom. In the course of an ordinary philosophy lesson, an unexpected incident breaks the definition of the situation, smashing the working consensus among students and teacher to smithereens. In order to rebuild their background expectancies, the pupils are forced to resort to accommodation and normalization strategies. The analysis of this disruptive experience is based upon the convergence of Alfred Schütz’s phenomenology of the social world, Harold Garfinkel’s ethnomethodology, and Erving Goffman’s symbolic interactionism. (shrink)

Traducción al español del artículo de Marc Richir «Phénoménologie et poésie», publicado en Serta: Revista Iberorrománica de Poesía y Pensamiento Poético, n.º 4, 1999, pp. 407-420. El artículo propone articular (comparando y diferenciando) la reflexión fenomenológica sin conceptos, propia de la fenomenología (que convoca esencias fenomenológicas), y la reflexión estética sin conceptos, en que se basa la poesía (que convoca categorías como singularidad y acontecimiento). El lugar de la afectividad en ambos tipos de reflexiones es uno de los factores dirimentes. (...) Por último, el autor aborda la cuestión de lo sublime y del esquematismo de la fenomenalización, al margen de toda intriga pulsional y psicoanalítica. (shrink)

Boceto de la receptio viquiana en R. G. Collingwood Pablo Badillo O’Farrell Este estudio aborda y esboza, en un tratamiento inédito en español, la recepción de Vico en el filósofo e historiador inglés R.G. Collingwood.PALABRAS CLAVE: Vico, Collingwood, historia, filosofía política, autobiografía, Croce.This study deals for the first time in Spanish with Vico’s reception by the English philosopher and historian R.G. Collingwood.KEYWORDS: Vico, Collingwood, history, political philosophy, autobiography, Croce.

¿Qué pasa cuando un concepto tan ambiguo como “Desarrollo” es trabajado por un libre pensador global (de acuerdo a Alberto Acosta) como J. María Tortosa? ¿Qué pasa cuando un texto enfoca de manera directa las paradojas, confusiones y debilidades de un concepto tan usado en ciencias sociales y por lo mismo tan impreciso? Se gana en precisión y claridad analítica, pero a la vez en apertura y creatividad interpretativa. El concepto pierde su carácter de concepto paraguas, para mostrar limitacion..

El artículo aporta elementos fenomenológicos para reforzar algunas afirmaciones del enfoque simple en el contexto del debate sobre la identidad personal. Para esto se describe, en primer lugar, la propuesta de Geoffrey Madell y se introduce la noción fenomenológica del cuerpo propio (Leib). En segundo lugar, se muestra cómo la reducción vital propuesta por Francisco Leocata evita una posible interpretación inmanentista de la fenomenología, y favorece el desarrollo de una noción encarnada del yo y la posibilidad de entender el mundo (...) como traspasado por la subjetividad. Este desarrollo será el fundamento para mostrar, en tercer lugar, cómo la fenomenología de los vínculos personales y de la narración también pueden aportar a la cuestión de la identidad personal. (shrink)

There is vast evidence that accounts for the association between entrepreneurial orientation and the probability of starting a business. However, there are not many studies that test how psychological factors moderate this relationship. A variable that has been little studied in this relationship is Grit. Grit is considered a personality trait defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Grit considers two sub-dimensions, one linked to the consistency of interests and the other linked to perseverance in the effort. The objective (...) of this article is to analyze the moderating role that both sub-dimensions of grit plays in the relationship between EO and PSB, considering its interaction with sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, and culture. This cross-sectional study has a sample of 1,761 participants, active workers. The EO scale and a Grit Scale were applied. In addition, participants were asked, based on their perception, how likely they were to start their own business within the next 5 years. A simple moderation analysis was considered to test the moderating role of grit in the relationship between EO and PSB. Subsequently, a double moderation analysis was carried out in order to identify which sociodemographic variables moderate the moderating effect of grit on the relationship in question. The results show that only the Grit-Passion component of grit moderates the relationship between EO and PSB. Regarding the sociodemographic variables, neither age, culture, nor gender showed a moderating effect on the moderation exercised by Grit-Passion in the relationship between OE and PSB. The results are discussed in terms of psychological capital, particularly with an emphasis on explaining why only the Grit-Passion shows a moderating effect on the relationship between EO and PSB, in detriment of Grit-Perseverance. In addition, the power of grit in the field of entrepreneurship is discussed, considering that its moderating effect is transversal to variations in age, gender and culture, as well as its relevance when considering interventions and pedagogical models in the field of entrepreneurship. (shrink)

Este artículo revisa aportes recientes en el campo de las ciencias cognitivas en relación al diseño del hábitat construido. Primeramente se describen los principales paradigmas teóricos que han animado el debate sobre cognición y conducta humanas durante las últimas décadas, para luego examinar las posibles aplicaciones de estas teorías en la arquitectura y el urbanismo, particularmente en torno a la capacidad de orientarnos y movernos en el medio construido.

Sobre el libro: Isaiah Berlin ha sido, además de un original e intuitivo historiador de las ideas y autor de numerosos conceptos teórico-políticos, un reconocido teorizador de la libertad y defensor acérrimo del pluralismo. Rasgos que lo han convertido en un innegable referente intelectual en nuestra época. Sobre el editor: El Editor de la presente obra, Pablo Badillo O'Farrell, con motivo del centenario del nacimiento de Berlin, ha reunido un número de contribuciones de estudiosos italianos y españoles que ofrecen, (...) desde muy diferentes perspectivas, un amplio abanico de miradas diversas sobre la obra y el pensamiento del autor, que van desde el análisis y confrontación del pluralismo valorativo y la ética de la libertad, al de la interculturalidad o la identidad personal y el nacionalismo, pasando por la confrontación de historicismo, historia de las ideas y contra-corriente. (shrink)

En este artículo evaluamos las fortalezas y limitaciones de dos enfoques que privilegian dimensiones materiales de la tecnología en sus respectivas teorías de la agencia técnica: la teoría ecológica de Tim Ingold y la teoría de la agencia material de Lambros Malafouris. Ambos autores rechazan la intencionalidad centralizada de enfoques clásicos a favor del externalismo, lo cual los lleva a sostener que los affordances ecológicos y materiales son los principales impulsores de la acción y los determinantes de la forma final (...) de los artefactos. Aquí argumentamos que estos enfoques tienen dificultades significativas para dar cuenta de algunas de las características claves de la agencia técnica ampliamente reconocidas en los debates en la filosofía de la tecnología, a saber, de sus aspectos normativos y teleológicos. (shrink)