Results for 'Reuben Zaramian'

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  1.  14
    Testing the limits of oral narration.Reuben Zaramian - 2014 - Semiotica 2014 (202).
    Name der Zeitschrift: Semiotica Jahrgang: 2014 Heft: 202 Seiten: 395-424.
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  2. What is Mathematics, Really?Reuben Hersh - 1997 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Platonism is the most pervasive philosophy of mathematics. Indeed, it can be argued that an inarticulate, half-conscious Platonism is nearly universal among mathematicians. The basic idea is that mathematical entities exist outside space and time, outside thought and matter, in an abstract realm. In the more eloquent words of Edward Everett, a distinguished nineteenth-century American scholar, "in pure mathematics we contemplate absolute truths which existed in the divine mind before the morning stars sang together, and which will continue to exist (...)
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  3. Algorithmic Accountability and Public Reason.Reuben Binns - 2018 - Philosophy and Technology 31 (4):543-556.
    The ever-increasing application of algorithms to decision-making in a range of social contexts has prompted demands for algorithmic accountability. Accountable decision-makers must provide their decision-subjects with justifications for their automated system’s outputs, but what kinds of broader principles should we expect such justifications to appeal to? Drawing from political philosophy, I present an account of algorithmic accountability in terms of the democratic ideal of ‘public reason’. I argue that situating demands for algorithmic accountability within this justificatory framework enables us to (...)
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  4. Anti-reductionist Interventionism.Reuben Stern & Benjamin Eva - 2023 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 74 (1):241-267.
    Kim’s causal exclusion argument purports to demonstrate that the non-reductive physicalist must treat mental properties (and macro-level properties in general) as causally inert. A number of authors have attempted to resist Kim’s conclusion by utilizing the conceptual resources of Woodward’s interventionist conception of causation. The viability of these responses has been challenged by Gebharter, who argues that the causal exclusion argument is vindicated by the theory of causal Bayesian networks (CBNs). Since the interventionist conception of causation relies crucially on CBNs (...)
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  5.  34
    18 Unconventional Essays on the Nature of Mathematics.Reuben Hersh (ed.) - 2006 - Springer.
    "This new collection of essays edited by Reuben Hersh contains frank facts and opinions from leading mathematicians, philosophers, sociologists, cognitive ...
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  6.  2
    J. Reuben Clark: Selected Papers on Americanism and National Affairs.J. Reuben Clark & David H. Yarn - 1987 - Deseret Book Company.
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  7.  58
    Fairer machine learning in the real world: Mitigating discrimination without collecting sensitive data.Reuben Binns & Michael Veale - 2017 - Big Data and Society 4 (2):205395171774353.
    Decisions based on algorithmic, machine learning models can be unfair, reproducing biases in historical data used to train them. While computational techniques are emerging to address aspects of these concerns through communities such as discrimination-aware data mining and fairness, accountability and transparency machine learning, their practical implementation faces real-world challenges. For legal, institutional or commercial reasons, organisations might not hold the data on sensitive attributes such as gender, ethnicity, sexuality or disability needed to diagnose and mitigate emergent indirect discrimination-by-proxy, such (...)
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  8. Two Sides of Modus Ponens.Stern Reuben & Hartmann Stephan - 2018 - Journal of Philosophy 115 (11):605-621.
    McGee argues that it is sometimes reasonable to accept both x and x-> without accepting y->z, and that modus ponens is therefore invalid for natural language indicative conditionals. Here, we examine McGee's counterexamples from a Bayesian perspective. We argue that the counterexamples are genuine insofar as the joint acceptance of x and x-> at time t does not generally imply constraints on the acceptability of y->z at t, but we use the distance-based approach to Bayesian learning to show that applications (...)
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  9. Interventionist decision theory.Reuben Stern - 2017 - Synthese 194 (10):4133-4153.
    Jim Joyce has argued that David Lewis’s formulation of causal decision theory is inadequate because it fails to apply to the “small world” decisions that people face in real life. Meanwhile, several authors have argued that causal decision theory should be developed such that it integrates the interventionist approach to causal modeling because of the expressive power afforded by the language of causal models, but, as of now, there has been little work towards this end. In this paper, I propose (...)
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  10.  30
    Some Proposals for Reviving the Philosophy of Mathematics.Reuben Hersh - 1983 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 48 (3):871-872.
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  11. Wittgenstein's Philosophy of Mathematics'.Reuben Louis Goodstein - 1972 - In Alice Ambrose (ed.), Ludwig Wittgenstein: Philosophy and Language. New York,: Routledge.
     
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  12.  79
    Decision and Intervention.Reuben Stern - 2019 - Erkenntnis 84 (4):783-804.
    Meek and Glymour use the graphical approach to causal modeling to argue that one and the same norm of rational choice can be used to deliver both causal-decision-theoretic verdicts and evidential-decision-theoretic verdicts. Specifically, they argue that if an agent maximizes conditional expected utility, then the agent will follow the causal decision theorist’s advice when she represents herself as intervening, and will follow the evidential decision theorist’s advice when she represents herself as not intervening. Since Meek and Glymour take no stand (...)
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  13.  97
    Mathematics has a front and a back.Reuben Hersh - 1991 - Synthese 88 (2):127 - 133.
    It is explained that, in the sense of the sociologist Erving Goffman, mathematics has a front and a back. Four pervasive myths about mathematics are stated. Acceptance of these myths is related to whether one is located in the front or the back.
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  14.  93
    Prove—once more and again.Reuben Hersh - 1997 - Philosophia Mathematica 5 (2):153-165.
    There are two distinct meanings to ‘mathematical proof’. The connection between them is an unsolved problem. The first step in attacking it is noticing that it is an unsolved problem.
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  15.  41
    (1 other version)An Interventionist’s Guide to Exotic Choice.Reuben Stern - forthcoming - Mind:fzab034.
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  16. Naturalness, veritism, and epistemic significance.Reuben Sass - 2024 - Synthese 203 (190).
    A particularly influential thesis about epistemic axiology is veritism: that true belief is the only basic, or fully non-derivative, epistemic value. One recent argument against veritism claims that the naturalness or joint-carvingness of beliefs is also a basic epistemic value. The basic epistemic value of naturalness is held to explain intuitions that true, natural beliefs have greater epistemic value than similar but unnatural beliefs. I argue that epistemic significance, rather than naturalness, can best explain any variations in the value of (...)
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  17.  48
    Toward a More Stable Blood Supply: Charitable Incentives, Donation Rates, and the Experience of September 11.Reuben G. Sass - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (6):38-45.
    Although excess blood collection has characterized U.S. national disasters, most dramatically in the case of September 11, periodic shortages of blood have recurred for decades. In response, I propose a new model of medical philanthropy, one that specifically uses charitable contributions to health care as blood donation incentives. I explain how the surge in blood donations following 9/11 was both transient and disaster-specific, failing to foster a greater continuing commitment to donate blood. This underscores the importance of considering blood donation (...)
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  18. The Chances of Choices.Reuben Stern - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
  19. The theory of emergence.Reuben Ablowitz - 1939 - Philosophy of Science 6 (1):1-16.
    The problem of the reality and nature of novelty in the universe has long engaged the attention of philosophers. “There is nothing new under the sun” is one ancient weighty utterance. On the other hand, “you cannot step twice into the same river”, said Heraclitus, for in the interval between your first and second steps, the river has changed and you have changed. One recent attempt to analyze this problem and other affiliated problems, is the theory of emergence.
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  20.  16
    What is an Explanandum?Reuben Abel - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 63 (1):86-92.
  21.  91
    Causal concepts and temporal ordering.Reuben Stern - 2019 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 27):6505-6527.
    Though common sense says that causes must temporally precede their effects, the hugely influential interventionist account of causation makes no reference to temporal precedence. Does common sense lead us astray? In this paper, I evaluate the power of the commonsense assumption from within the interventionist approach to causal modeling. I first argue that if causes temporally precede their effects, then one need not consider the outcomes of interventions in order to infer causal relevance, and that one can instead use temporal (...)
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  22. On Translation.Reuben A. Brower - 1970 - Critica 4 (11/12):153-164.
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  23.  37
    Development of mathematical logic.Reuben Lewis Goodstein - 1971 - London,: Logos Press.
  24.  3
    Essays in the philosophy of mathematics.Reuben Louis Goodstein - 1965 - [Leicester, Eng.]: Leicester University Press.
  25.  12
    Mooreanism, Non-naturalism and the Varieties of Grounding.Reuben Sass - forthcoming - Erkenntnis:1-19.
    Mooreanism conjoins at least two claims: that (i) normative properties are grounded in natural properties, and that (ii) normative properties aren’t defined by natural properties; normative properties are instead sui generis. Call (i) the _grounding claim_ and (ii) the _non-definitional claim_. I argue that Mooreanism faces a problem when formulated in the terms of contemporary postmodal metaphysics. Namely, under recent theories of grounding and real definition, the grounding and the non-definitional claims may be inconsistent with each other. This is a (...)
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  26.  32
    Manipulation, Algorithm Design, and the Multiple Dimensions of Autonomy.Reuben Sass - 2024 - Philosophy and Technology 37 (3):1-20.
    Much discussion of the ethics of algorithms has focused on harms to autonomy—especially harms stemming from manipulation. Nonetheless, although manipulation can often be harmful, we suggest that in certain contexts it may not impair autonomy. To fully assess the impact of algorithm design on autonomy, we argue for a need to move beyond a focus on manipulation towards a multidimensional account of autonomy itself. Drawing on the autonomy literature and recent data ethics, we propose a novel account which takes autonomy (...)
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  27. Normative realism and Brentanian accounts of fittingness.Reuben Sass - 2023 - Synthese 202 (6):1-25.
    Brentano is often considered the originator of the fitting-attitudes analysis of value, on which to be valuable is to be that which it’s fitting to value. But there has been comparatively little attention paid to Brentano’s argument for this analysis. That argument advances the stronger claim that fittingness is part of the analysis of normativity. Since the argument rests on an analogy between truth and fittingness, its impact may seem limited by the idiosyncratic features of Brentano’s later notion of truth. (...)
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  28. Value Conservatism and Its Challenge to Consequentialism.Reuben Sass - 2021 - Utilitas 33 (3):337-352.
    G.A. Cohen’s value conservatism entails that we ought to preserve some existing sources of value in lieu of more valuable replacements, thereby repudiating maximizing consequentialism. Cohen motivates value conservatism through illustrative cases. The consequentialist, however, can explain many Cohen-style cases by taking extrinsic properties, such as historical significance, to be sources of final value. Nevertheless, it may be intuitive that there’s stronger reason to preserve than to promote certain sources of value, especially historically significant things. This motivates an argument that (...)
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  29. An ontology of weak entity realism for HPC kinds.Reuben Sass - 2021 - Synthese 198 (12):11861-11880.
    This paper defends an ontology of weak entity realism for homeostatic property cluster (HPC) theories of natural kinds, adapted from Bird’s (Synthese 195(4):1397–1426, 2018) taxonomy of such theories. Weak entity realism about HPC kinds accepts the existence of natural kinds. Weak entity realism denies two theses: that (1) HPC kinds have mind-independent essences, and that (2) HPC kinds reduce to entities, such as complex universals, posited only by metaphysical theories. Strong entity realism accepts (1) and (2), whereas moderate entity realism (...)
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  30. (1 other version)Mathematics as an Empirical Phenomenon, Subject to Modeling.Reuben Hersh - 1st ed. 2016 - In Emiliano Ippoliti, Fabio Sterpetti & Thomas Nickles (eds.), Models and Inferences in Science. Cham: Imprint: Springer.
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  31. How to minimize ontological commitments: a grounding-reductive approach.Reuben Sass - 2022 - Synthese 200 (4):1-22.
    Some revisionary ontologies are highly parsimonious: they posit far fewer entities than what we quantify over in ordinary discourse. The most radical examples are minimal ontologies, on which physical simples are the only things that exist. Highly parsimonious ontologies, and especially minimal ones, face the challenge of either accounting for the truth of our ordinary quantificational discourse, or paraphrasing such discourse away. Common strategies for addressing this challenge include classical reduction, paraphrase nihilism, and a distinction between ontological and existence commitments. (...)
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  32. Stakeholder theory and media management: Ethical framework for news company executives.Reuben J. Stern - 2008 - Journal of Mass Media Ethics 23 (1):51 – 65.
    Contrary to stockholder theories that place the interests of profit-seeking owners above all else, stakeholder theorists argue that corporate executives have moral and ethical obligations to consider equally the interests of a wide range of stakeholders affected by the actions of a corporation. This paper argues that the stakeholder approach is particularly appropriate for the governance of news media companies and outlines an ethical framework to guide news company executives.
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  33.  7
    (1 other version)If the Difference Principle Won’t Make a Real Difference in Algorithmic Fairness, What Will?Reuben Binns - 2024 - Philosophy and Technology 37 (4):1-8.
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  34.  18
    Man is the Measure.Reuben Abel - 1976 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 37 (4):586-587.
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  35.  70
    Interventionist counterfactuals and the nearness of worlds.Reuben Stern - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):10721-10737.
    A number of authors have recently used causal models to develop a promising semantics for non-backtracking counterfactuals. Briggs shows that when this semantics is naturally extended to accommodate right-nested counterfactuals, it invalidates modus ponens, and therefore violates weak centering given the standard Lewis/stalnaker interpretation of the counterfactual in terms of nearness or similarity of worlds. In this paper, I explore the possibility of abandoning the Lewis/stalnaker interpretation for some alternative that is better suited to accommodate the causal modeling semantics. I (...)
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  36.  62
    “The disadvantages of a defective education”: identity, experiment and persuasion in the natural history of the salmon and parr controversy, c. 1825–1850.Reuben Message - 2019 - Science in Context 32 (3):261-284.
    ArgumentDuring the second quarter of the nineteenth century, an argument raged about the identity of a small freshwater fish: was the parr a distinct species, or merely the young of the salmon? This “Parr Controversy” concerned both fishermen and ichthyologists. A central protagonist in the controversy was a man of ambiguous social and scientific status: a gamekeeper from Scotland named John Shaw. This paper examines Shaw’s heterogeneous practices and the reception of his claims by naturalists as he struggled to find (...)
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  37.  21
    Exteriority as Law: Revisiting the Masochean turn within Levinas.Reuben Carias - 2023 - Law and Critique 35 (1):173-190.
    Adopting Kantor’s Masochean turn within Levinas, this article challenges the anthropocentrically limited purview of Levinas’s ethical relation. Incorporating Kantor’s legalistic reading of Levinas, informed through his literary analysis of Sacher-Masoch’s ‘Venus in Furs’, the article details the inescapable, legalistic plight that is to be the Levinasian ethical subject. Extending upon Kantor’s introductory conceptualisation of the Levinasian subject through Masoch, reveals a subject for whom suffering and sacrifice must be embraced; necessary acts of penitence before an irrepressible Other who they adore. (...)
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  38.  11
    Experiencing mathematics: what do we do, when we do mathematics?Reuben Hersh - 2013 - Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society.
    Part IV. About the author -- An amusing elementary example -- Annotated research bibliography -- Curriculum vitae -- List of articles -- Index -- Back Cover.
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  39. F. C. S. Schiller and Pragmatism.Reuben Abel - 1964 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 45 (3):316.
     
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  40.  5
    Man is the Measure: A Cordial Invitation to the Central Problems of Philosophy.Reuben Abel - 1976 - Free Press.
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  41.  60
    On "form" in art.Reuben Abel - 1972 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 32 (3):371-376.
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  42. Pragmatism and the outlook of modern science.Reuben Abel - 1966 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 27 (1):45-54.
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  43.  37
    The Pragmatic Humanism of F. C. S. Schiller.Reuben Abel - 1955 - [New York,: Columbia University Press.
    Looks at the life and works of F.C.S. Schiller during the late 1800's and early 1900's as a prolific writer. Studies his conviction that all acts and thoughts are products of individual humans and therefore inescapably colored by their wants, desires, and purposes.
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  44. Di alt-grikhishe filozofye.Reuben Agushewitz - 1935 - [New York]:
     
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  45. Prinzipen.Reuben Agushewitz - 1942 - [New York,: Pardes publishing house.
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  46.  26
    Social reinforcement effects as a function of social reinforcement history.Reuben M. Baron - 1966 - Psychological Review 73 (6):527-539.
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  47.  38
    Toward an understanding of the differences in the responses of humans and other animals to density.Reuben M. Baron & Stephen P. Needel - 1980 - Psychological Review 87 (3):320-326.
  48.  28
    From apathy to social activism.Reuben Bitensky - 1975 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 18 (2):213 – 223.
    The study of social change has neglected the dynamics motivating individuals to join mass movements. Particularly obscure is how apathetic people are transformed into social activists. Considering this problem the author suggests three stages of development through which the individual progresses in attaining a higher level of personal and social maturity. The first stage - dreaming -emerges when the individual aspires to change while wishing to avoid the risks involved. The second - the illusion of power - occurs when the (...)
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  49.  38
    Seven Agamemnons.Reuben A. Brower - 1947 - Journal of the History of Ideas 8 (4):383.
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  50.  3
    Soul consciousness or philosophic initiation.Reuben Swinburne Clymer - 1955 - Quakertown, Pa.,: Philosophical Pub. Co..
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