Results for 'Roger Machin'

953 found
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  1.  80
    The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics.Roger Penrose - 1999 - Oxford University Press.
    In his bestselling work of popular science, Sir Roger Penrose takes us on a fascinating roller-coaster ride through the basic principles of physics, cosmology, mathematics, and philosophy to show that human thinking can never be emulated by a machine.
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  2.  7
    Art of machine.Roger Behrens - 1996
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  3. Spoken language processing by machine.Roger K. Moore - 2009 - In Gareth Gaskell, Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics. Oxford University Press.
     
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  4.  20
    La psychiatrie : une machine à faire croire.Roger Savoie - 1977 - Philosophiques 4 (2):261-266.
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  5. Hedonism reconsidered.Roger Crisp - 2006 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 73 (3):619–645.
    This paper is a plea for hedonism to be taken more seriously. It begins by charting hedonism's decline, and suggests that this is a result of two major objections: the claim that hedonism is the 'philosophy of swine', reducing all value to a single common denominator, and Nozick's 'experience machine' objection. There follows some elucidation of the nature of hedonism, and of enjoyment in particular. Two types of theory of enjoyment are outlined-intemalism, according to which enjoyment has some special 'feeling (...)
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  6.  63
    Parallel Distributed Processing at 25: Further Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition.Timothy T. Rogers & James L. McClelland - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (6):1024-1077.
    This paper introduces a special issue of Cognitive Science initiated on the 25th anniversary of the publication of Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP), a two-volume work that introduced the use of neural network models as vehicles for understanding cognition. The collection surveys the core commitments of the PDP framework, the key issues the framework has addressed, and the debates the framework has spawned, and presents viewpoints on the current status of these issues. The articles focus on both historical roots and contemporary (...)
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  7.  19
    101 Experiments in the Philosophy of Everyday Life.Roger-Pol Droit - 2002 - London: Faber & Faber.
    "Roger-Pol Droit's book is a reassessment of our day-to-day engagement with life. In 101 short texts, Droit invites us to reconsider our most ordinary actions as unexpected philosophical events: peeling an apple, trying to lie in a hammock, watching someone sleep, hearing your voice on an answering machine, playing with a small child - activities that, when considered outside of their routine, invite us to experience the familiar in startling new ways. Droit encouarges us to go further: pretend to (...)
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  8.  12
    (1 other version)Machine Dreams: Economics Becomes a Cyborg Science. [REVIEW]Roger Backhouse - 2003 - Isis 94:769-771.
  9. On the verisimilitude of artificial intelligence.Roger Vergauwen & Rodrigo González - 2005 - Logique Et Analyse- 190 (189):323-350.
    This paper investigates how the simulation of intelligence, an activity that has been considered the notional task of Artificial Intelligence, does not comprise its duplication. Briefly touching on the distinction between conceivability and possibility, and commenting on Ryan’s approach to fiction in terms of the interplay between possible worlds and her principle of minimal departure, we specify verisimilitude in Artificial Intelligence as the accurate resemblance of intelligence by its simulation and, from this characterization, claim the metaphysical impossibility of duplicating intelligence, (...)
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  10.  14
    Tolerance.Dominique Roger, André Parinaud & Claudine Parinaud (eds.) - 1996 - Paris: UNESCO.
    Machine generated contents note: 1. -- War on war, by Lewis Thomas -- 2. -- Silent genocide, by Abdus Salam -- 3. -- Error: a stage of knowledge, by Paulo Freire -- 4. -- Doing without a revolution?, by Tahar Ben Jelloun -- 5. -- Stop torture, by Manfred Nowak -- 6. -- Truth, force and law, by Rabindranath Tagore -- 7. -- Violence is an insult to the human being, by Federico Mayor -- 8. -- Totalitarianism banishes politics, by (...)
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  11.  9
    Philosophie et démocratie dans le monde: une enquête de l'UNESCO.Roger-Pol Droit - 1995 - LGF/Le Livre de Poche.
    Il n'y a pas si longtemps, la philosophie paraissait dépassée. Le triomphe des techniques et des sciences semblait l'avoir reléguée dans un coin obscur, comme un accessoire inutile. La situation est aujourd'hui tout autre : un besoin de philosophie commence à se manifester. Dans des pays extrêmement divers, un regain d'intérêt est perceptible. Parmi ses causes : l'exigence d'une nouvelle réflexion éthique, la croissance de jeunes démocraties, la diffusion des débats intellectuels, la nécessité d'une maîtrise humaine des machines. Aucune vue (...)
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  12.  12
    A conceptual framework for predicting error in complex human-machine environments.Michael Freed & Roger Remington - 1998 - In Morton Ann Gernsbacher & Sharon J. Derry, Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Lawerence Erlbaum. pp. 356--361.
  13.  19
    Machine Vision Approach for Automating Vegetation Detection on Railway Tracks.Narendra K. Gupta, Mark Dougherty, Barsam Payvar, Roger G. Nyberg & Siril Yella - 2013 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 22 (2):179-196.
    The presence of vegetation on railway tracks threatens track safety and longevity. However, vegetation inspections in Sweden are currently being carried out manually. Manually inspecting vegetation is very slow and time consuming. Maintaining an even quality standard is also very difficult. A machine vision-based approach is therefore proposed to emulate the visual abilities of the human inspector. Work aimed at detecting vegetation on railway tracks has been split into two main phases. The first phase is aimed at detecting vegetation on (...)
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  14.  10
    8. The Meaning of the Mechanistic Age.Roger Hahn - 1991 - In James J. Sheehan & Morton Sosna, The Boundaries of Humanity: Humans, Animals, Machines. University of California Press. pp. 142-157.
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  15. Human Semi-Supervised Learning.Bryan R. Gibson, Timothy T. Rogers & Xiaojin Zhu - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (1):132-172.
    Most empirical work in human categorization has studied learning in either fully supervised or fully unsupervised scenarios. Most real-world learning scenarios, however, are semi-supervised: Learners receive a great deal of unlabeled information from the world, coupled with occasional experiences in which items are directly labeled by a knowledgeable source. A large body of work in machine learning has investigated how learning can exploit both labeled and unlabeled data provided to a learner. Using equivalences between models found in human categorization and (...)
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  16. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on College Students After School Reopening: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Machine Learning.Ziyuan Ren, Yaodong Xin, Junpeng Ge, Zheng Zhao, Dexiang Liu, Roger C. M. Ho & Cyrus S. H. Ho - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    COVID-19, the most severe public health problem to occur in the past 10 years, has greatly impacted people's mental health. Colleges in China have reopened, and how to prevent college students from suffering secondary damage due to school reopening remains elusive. This cross-sectional study was aimed to evaluate the psychological impact of COVID-19 after school reopening and explore via machine learning the factors that influence anxiety and depression among students. Among the 478 valid online questionnaires collected between September 14th and (...)
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  17.  50
    L'Éducation des filles au temps de George Sand, textes réunis par Michèle Hequet, Artois Presses université, 1998, 269 p. [REVIEW]Rebecca Rogers - 2000 - Clio 11.
    « L'éducation d'une femme peut se comparer à une machine compliquée, toute composée de contrepoids [...] il faut la combinaison la plus ingénieuse et la plus savante pour que tout se maintienne dans un équilibre parfait » (1805). Cette belle image de Madame de Genlis, gouvernante des enfants de France et écrivain prolifique de romans éducatifs, résume bien, comme le remarque Jeanne Goldin, non seulement le discours féminin sur la femme, mais aussi tout un discours pédagogique au XIXe s...
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  18. Unseen and unaware: Implications of recent research on failures of visual awareness for human-computer interface design.D. Alexander Varakin, Daniel T. Levin & Roger Fidler - 2004 - Human-Computer Interaction 19 (4):389-422.
     
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  19.  24
    Brain-State Transitions, Responsibility, and Personal Identity.Stephen Rainey, Karmele Olaciregui Dague & Roger Crisp - 2022 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 31 (4):453-463.
    This article examines the emerging possibility of “brain-state transitioning,” in which one brain state is prompted through manipulating the dynamics of the active brain. The technique, still in its infancy, is intended to provide the basis for novel treatments for brain-based disorders. Although a detailed literature exists covering topics around brain-machine interfaces, where targets of brain-based activity include artificial limbs, hardware, and software, there is less concentration on the brain itself as a target for instrumental intervention. This article examines some (...)
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  20. Minds, Machines, And Mathematics A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose. [REVIEW]David J. Chalmers - 1995 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 2:11-20.
    In his stimulating book SHADOWS OF THE MIND, Roger Penrose presents arguments, based on Gödel's theorem, for the conclusion that human thought is uncomputable. There are actually two separate arguments in Penrose's book. The second has been widely ignored, but seems to me to be much more interesting and novel than the first. I will address both forms of the argument in some detail. Toward the end, I will also comment on Penrose's proposals for a "new science of consciousness".
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  21.  36
    Roger Horowitz . Boys and Their Toys? Masculinity, Class, and Technology in America. 282 pp., illus., index. New York/London: Routledge, 2001. $85 ; $24.95 .Ruth Oldenziel. Making Technology Masculine: Men, Women, and Modern Machines in America, 1870–1945. 271 pp., illus., bibl., index. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 1999. $24.95. [REVIEW]Ronald Kline - 2003 - Isis 94 (4):775-776.
  22.  74
    A Handful of Recent NASA History Books I; More than Merely Men, Machinery, Missions and Political Machinations?; The Birth of NASA: The Diary of T. Keith Glennan, edited by J.D. Hunley, with an introduction by Roger D. Launius; The Problem of Specs Travel: The Rocket Motor, by Hermann Noordung, edited by Ernst Stuhlinger and J.D. Hunley with Jennifer Garland; Powering Apollo: James E. Webb of NASA, by W. Henry Lambright; Spaceflights Revolution: NASA Langley Research Center From Sputnik to Apollo, by James R. Hansen; Suddenly, Tomorrow Came ... A History of the Johnson Space Center, by Henry C. Dethoff. [REVIEW]Norris Heterington - 1997 - Minerva 35 (4):387-396.
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  23. Why Machines Will Never Rule the World: Artificial Intelligence without Fear by Jobst Landgrebe & Barry Smith (Book review). [REVIEW]Walid S. Saba - 2022 - Journal of Knowledge Structures and Systems 3 (4):38-41.
    Whether it was John Searle’s Chinese Room argument (Searle, 1980) or Roger Penrose’s argument of the non-computable nature of a mathematician’s insight – an argument that was based on Gödel’s Incompleteness theorem (Penrose, 1989), we have always had skeptics that questioned the possibility of realizing strong Artificial Intelligence (AI), or what has become known by Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). But this new book by Landgrebe and Smith (henceforth, L&S) is perhaps the strongest argument ever made against strong AI. It (...)
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  24. Roger C. Schank, Alex Kass, and Christopher K. Riesbeck (eds.) Inside Case-Based Explanation.M. Brown & G. Paliouras - 1996 - Minds and Machines 6:279-285.
     
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  25. Roger C. Schank and Chip Cleary, Engines for Education.B. Harvey - 1996 - Minds and Machines 6:403-407.
  26.  32
    Ruling engines and diffraction gratings before Rowland: the work of Lewis Rutherfurd and William Rogers.C. N. Brown - 2018 - Annals of Science 75 (4):330-360.
    ABSTRACTDiffraction gratings are famously associated with Henry Rowland of Johns Hopkins University but there were precursors. Although gratings were first made and used in Europe, reliable machines for ruling gratings were developed in the USA, and two men, Lewis Rutherfurd and William Rogers, tackled the problem before Rowland. Rutherfurd, a wealthy independent astronomer, designed and built the first screw-operated engine for ruling diffraction gratings, the fore-runner of almost all subsequent ruling engines. With it he and his assistant D. C. Chapman (...)
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  27.  86
    Proving that the Mind Is Not a Machine?Johannes Stern - 2018 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 7 (2):81-90.
    This piece continues the tradition of arguments by John Lucas, Roger Penrose and others to the effect that the human mind is not a machine. Kurt Gödel thought that the intensional paradoxes stand in the way of proving that the mind is not a machine. According to Gödel, a successful proof that the mind is not a machine would require a solution to the intensional paradoxes. We provide what might seem to be a partial vindication of Gödel and show (...)
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  28.  33
    Minds vs Machines.Karim Gherab - 2022 - Human Review. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 11 (2):185-195.
    This paper presents, from a historical and logical-philosophical perspective, the Gödelian arguments of two Oxford scholars, John Lucas and Roger Penrose. Both have been based on Gödel's Theorem to refute mechanism, computationalism and the possibility of creating an AI capable of simulating or duplicating the human mind. In the conclusions, the growing application of empirical methods in mathematics is mentioned and a possible path that would support Lucas and Penrose's arguments is speculated.
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  29. The Soul of a New Machine: Bioethicists in the Bureaucracy.Carl Elliott - 2005 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 14 (4):379-384.
    In a recent issue of The Lancet, the historian Roger Cooter predicted that the field of bioethics will soon die of self-inflicted wounds. “Conspiring against it,” he wrote, “is exposure of the funding of some of its US centres by pharmaceutical companies; exclusion of alternative perspectives from the social sciences; retention of narrow analytical notions of ethics in the face of popular expression and academic respect for the place of emotions; divisions within the discipline ; and collusion with, and (...)
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  30. Department of Philosophy, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri FRIDAY, April 8 SATURDAY, April 9 Welcome: Roger Gibson University. [REVIEW]Mark Johnson, Andy Clark, Moral Objectivity & Robert Gordon - 1993 - Minds and Machines 3 (511).
  31.  44
    Democracy and Agonism in the Anthropocene: The Challenges of Knowledge, Time and Boundary.Amanda Machin - 2019 - Environmental Values 28 (3):347-365.
    The diagnosis of a new geological epoch, The ‘Anthropocene’, has implications far beyond geological science. If human activity has disrupted the planet, then this diagnosis potentially disrupts socio-political conventions. This article assesses the implications the Anthropocene has for democratic politics, by delineating three challenges: challenges of knowledge, time and boundary. In contrast to the claim that democratic institutions are unable to adequately respond to these challenges, I suggest that they might be strengthened through an engagement with them. Following an ‘agonistic’ (...)
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  32.  42
    Making the (Business) Case for Clinical Ethics Support in the UK.L. L. Machin & Mark Wilkinson - 2020 - HEC Forum 33 (4):371-391.
    This paper provides a series of reflections on making the case to senior leaders for the introduction of clinical ethics support services within a UK hospital Trust at a time when clinical ethics committees are dwindling in the UK. The paper provides key considerations for those building a case for clinical ethics support within hospitals by drawing upon published academic literature, and key reports from governmental and professional bodies. We also include extracts from documents relating to, and annual reports of, (...)
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  33.  37
    Discourses of unity and purpose in the sounds of fascist music: a multimodal approach.David Machin & John E. Richardson - 2012 - Critical Discourse Studies 9 (4):329-345.
    This article, taking a social semiotic approach, analyses two pieces of music written, shared and exalted by two pre-1945 European fascist movements – the German NSDAP and the British Union of Fascists. These movements, both political and cultural, employed mythologies of unity, common identity and purpose in order to elide the realities of social distinction and political–economic inequalities between bourgeois and proletarian groups in capitalist societies. Visually and inter-personally, the fascist cultural project communicated a machine-like certainty about a vision for (...)
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  34.  15
    A critical multimodal analysis of the Romanian press coverage of camp evictions and deportations of the Roma migrants from France.David Machin & Petre Breazu - 2018 - Discourse and Communication 12 (4):339-356.
    In this article, we carry out a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of a sample from a larger corpus of Romanian news articles that covered the controversial camp evictions and repatriation of Romanian Roma migrants from France that began in 2010 and continue to the time of writing in 2017. These French government policies have been highly criticized both within France and by international political and aid organizations. However, the analysis shows how these brutal, anti-humanitarian events became recontextualized in the Romanian (...)
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  35. Political Inequality and the 'Super-Rich': Their Money or (some of) Their Political Rights.Dean J. Machin - 2013 - Res Publica 19 (2):121-139.
    The ability of very wealthy individuals (or, as I will call them, the ‘super-rich’) to turn their economic power into political power has been—and remains—an important cause of political inequality. In response, this paper advocates an original solution. Rather than solving the problem through implementing a comprehensive conception of political equality, or through enforcing complex rules about financial disclosure etc., I argue that we should impose a choice on the super-rich. The super-rich must choose between (i) forfeiting the things that (...)
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  36.  31
    Renewing an academic interest in structural inequalities.David Machin & John E. Richardson - 2008 - Critical Discourse Studies 5 (4):281-287.
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  37. The irrelevance of democracy to the public justification of political authority.Dean J. Machin - 2009 - Res Publica 15 (2):103-120.
    Democracy can be a means to independently valuable ends and/or it can be intrinsically (or non-instrumentally) valuable. One powerful non-instrumental defence of democracy is based on the idea that only it can publicly justify political authority. I contend that this is an argument about the reasonable acceptability of political authority and about the requirements of publicity and that satisfying these requirements has nothing to do with whether a society is democratic or not. Democracy, then, plays no role in publicly justifying (...)
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  38.  37
    Visually branding the environment: climate change as a marketing opportunity.David Machin & Anders Hansen - 2008 - Discourse Studies 10 (6):777-794.
    While there has been extensive work on the textual realizations of climate change in the media, there has been little on the way such discourses are realized and promoted visually. This article addresses this using Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis to examine a new collection of images from the globally operating Getty Images intended for use in promotions, advertisements and editorials. Getty is promoting this collection in terms of Green Issues being a `marketing opportunity'. In this article we consider the results (...)
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  39.  18
    Ethical food packaging and designed encounters with distant and exotic others.David Machin & Paul Cobley - 2020 - Semiotica 2020 (232):251-271.
    There has been criticism of how Fair-Trade products represent workers in remote parts of the world where packaging offers an encounter with distant others which romanticizes and homogenizes them as a pre-modern form of ethnicity. Such workers are shown as always engaged in authentic, simple, honest decontextualized manual labor. And they are depicted as highly appreciative of, and empowered by, the act of ethical shopping. This paper shows that a close social semiotic analysis of Fair-Trade packaging reveals a different set (...)
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  40.  29
    Engaging Tomorrow’s Doctors in Clinical Ethics: Implications for Healthcare Organisations.Laura L. Machin & Robin D. Proctor - 2020 - Health Care Analysis 29 (4):319-342.
    Clinical ethics can be viewed as a practical discipline that provides a structured approach to assist healthcare practitioners in identifying, analysing and resolving ethical issues that arise in practice. Clinical ethics can therefore promote ethically sound clinical and organisational practices and decision-making, thereby contributing to health organisation and system quality improvement. In order to develop students’ decision-making skills, as well as prepare them for practice, we decided to introduce a clinical ethics strand within an undergraduate medical curriculum. We designed a (...)
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  41.  19
    Are Anaphase Events Really Irreversible? The Endmost Stages of Cell Division and the Paradox of the DNA Double‐Strand Break Repair.Félix Machín & Jessel Ayra-Plasencia - 2020 - Bioessays 42 (7):2000021.
    It has been recently demonstrated that yeast cells are able to partially regress chromosome segregation in telophase as a response to DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs), likely to find a donor sequence for homology‐directed repair (HDR). This regression challenges the traditional concept that establishes anaphase events as irreversible, hence opening a new field of research in cell biology. Here, the nature of this new behavior in yeast is summarized and the underlying mechanisms are speculated about. It is also discussed whether it (...)
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  42. Political Legitimacy, the Egalitarian Challenge, and Democracy.Dean J. Machin - 2012 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 29 (2):101-117.
    This article argues against the claim that democracy is a necessary condition of political legitimacy. Instead, I propose a weaker set of conditions. First, I explain the case for the necessity of democracy. This is that only democracy can address the ‘egalitarian challenge’, i.e. ‘if we are all equal, why should only some of us wield political power?’. I show that if democracy really is a necessary condition of political legitimacy, then (what I label) the problems of domestic justice and (...)
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  43.  18
    The Professional and Ethical Dilemmas of the Two-child Limit for Child Tax Credit and Universal Credit.Richard Machin - 2017 - Ethics and Social Welfare 11 (4):404-411.
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  44.  26
    Overcoming ethical barriers to research.Helen E. Machin & Professor Steven M. Shardlow - 2017 - Research Ethics 14 (3):1-9.
    Researchers engaged in studies about ‘hidden social groups’ are likely to face several ethical challenges. Using a study with undocumented Chinese migrants in the UK, challenges involved in obtaining approval by a university research ethics committee are explored. General guidance about how to resolve potential research ethics issues, with particular reference to ‘hidden social groups’, prior to submission to a research ethics committee is presented.
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  45.  24
    Book-reviews.Noel Machin - 1968 - British Journal of Aesthetics 8 (1):82-84.
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  46.  4
    Ethical, Psychological and Social Un/certainties in the Face of Deemed Consent for Organ Donation in England.Laura L. Machin, Elizabeth Wrench, Jessie Cooper, Heather Dixon & Mark Wilkinson - 2024 - Health Care Analysis 32 (4):272-289.
    Deemed consent legislation for deceased organ donation was introduced in England in 2020, and is considered a vital part of the new UK NHS Blood and Transplant’s 10-year strategy to increase consent for organ donation. Despite the legislation containing safeguards to protect the public, the introduction of deemed consent creates ethical, psychological and social un/certainties for healthcare professionals in their practice. In this paper, we offer insights into healthcare professionals’ perspectives on deemed consent, drawn from interview data with 24 healthcare (...)
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  47.  19
    How tick list sustainability distracts from actual sustainable action: the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.David Machin & Yueyue Liu - 2024 - Critical Discourse Studies 21 (2):164-181.
    The United Nations ‘Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’ lays out 17 Sustainable Development Goals to address a range of global issues related to the future of the planet and human well-being. Critics, however, argue that the Agenda, a complex product of multi-stakeholder governance, in its drive to accommodate many competing voices, is overloaded with weakly defined, overlapping and contradictory issues, concepts and buzzwords. These serve to gloss over actual concrete global problems and forces, concealing an underlying (...)
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  48. Inequality and education.Stephen Machin - 2011 - In Wiemer Salverda, Brian Nolan & Timothy M. Smeeding, The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality. Oxford University Press.
     
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  49.  34
    Overcoming ethical barriers to research.Helen E. Machin & Steven M. Shardlow - 2018 - Research Ethics 14 (3):1-9.
    Researchers engaged in studies about ‘hidden social groups’ are likely to face several ethical challenges. Using a study with undocumented Chinese migrants in the UK, challenges involved in obtaining approval by a university research ethics committee are explored. General guidance about how to resolve potential research ethics issues, with particular reference to ‘hidden social groups’, prior to submission to a research ethics committee is presented.
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  50.  31
    Towards a social semiotics of rhythm in popular music.David Machin - 2013 - Semiotica 2013 (197):119-140.
    Name der Zeitschrift: Semiotica - Journal of the International Association for Semiotic Studies / Revue de l'Association Internationale de Sémiotique Jahrgang: 2013 Heft: 197 Seiten: 119-140.
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