Results for 'Ruth Spiro'

945 found
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  1.  6
    Baby loves political science: justice!Ruth Spiro - 2020 - Watertown, MA: Charlesbridge. Edited by Greg Paprocki.
    A simple, fact-filled introduction for the smallest citizen on the judicial branch of the government.
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  2.  81
    A Theory of Legal Argumentation: The Theory of Rational Discourse as Theory of Legal Justification.Ruth Adler (ed.) - 1989 - Oxford University Press UK.
    Robert Alexy develops his influential theory of legal reasoning exploring the nature of legal argumentation and its relation to practical reasoning. In doing so he sheds light on fundamental questions of law and rationality, which are as crucial to practising lawyers and law students as they are to scholars of legal theory.
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  3. Rawlsian resources for animal ethics.Ruth Abbey - 2007 - Ethics and the Environment 12 (1):1-22.
    : This article considers what contribution the work of John Rawls can make to questions about animal ethics. It argues that there are more normative resources in A Theory of Justice for a concern with animal welfare than some of Rawls's critics acknowledge. However, the move from A Theory of Justice to Political Liberalism sees a depletion of normative resources in Rawlsian thought for addressing animal ethics. The article concludes by endorsing the implication of A Theory of Justice that we (...)
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  4. On Knowing the Meaning; With a Coda on Swampman.Ruth G. Millikan - 2010 - Mind 119 (473):43-81.
    I give an analysis of how empirical terms do their work in communication and the gathering of knowledge that is fully externalist and that covers the full range of empirical terms. It rests on claims about ontology. A result is that armchair analysis fails as a tool for examining meanings of ‘basic’ empirical terms because their meanings are not determined by common methods or criteria of application passed from old to new users, by conventionally determined ‘intensions’. Nor do methods of (...)
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  5.  45
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Medical and Nursing Students' Television Viewing Habits: Potential Implications for Bioethics”.Matthew Czarny, Ruth Faden, Marie Nolan, Edwin Bodensiek & Jeremy Sugarman - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (12):1-1.
    Television medical dramas frequently depict the practice of medicine and bioethical issues in a strikingly realistic but sometimes inaccurate fashion. Because these shows depict medicine so vividly and are so relevant to the career interests of medical and nursing students, they may affect these students' beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the practice of medicine and bioethical issues. We conducted a web-based survey of medical and nursing students to determine the medical drama viewing habits and impressions of bioethical issues depicted in (...)
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  6.  52
    Utopia as method: the imaginary reconstruction of society.Ruth Levitas - 2013 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    In this major new work by one of the leading writers on Utopian Studies, Ruth Levitas argues that a prospective future of ecological and economic crises poses a challenge to the utopian imaginary, to conceive a better world and alternative future. Utopia as Method does not construe utopia as goal or blueprint, but as a holistic, reflexive method for developing what those possible futures might be. It begins by treating utopia as the quest for grace, through a hermeneutics that (...)
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  7.  10
    The ascent of affect: genealogy and critique.Ruth Leys - 2017 - London: University of Chicago Press.
    In recent years, emotions have become a major, vibrant topic of research not merely in the biological and psychological sciences but throughout a wide swath of the humanities and social sciences as well. Yet, surprisingly, there is still no consensus on their basic nature or workings. Ruth Leys’s brilliant, much anticipated history, therefore, is a story of controversy and disagreement. The Ascent of Affect focuses on the post–World War II period, when interest in emotions as an object of study (...)
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  8. Sex differences research: Science or belief.Ruth Bleier - 1986 - In Feminist approaches to science. New York: Pergamon Press. pp. 147--164.
     
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  9.  43
    Depression reduces perceptual sensitivity for positive words and pictures.Ruth Ann Atchley, Stephen S. Ilardi, Keith M. Young, Natalie N. Stroupe, Aminda J. O'Hare, Steven L. Bistricky, Elizabeth Collison, Linzi Gibson, Jonathan Schuster & Rebecca J. Lepping - 2012 - Cognition and Emotion 26 (8):1359-1370.
  10.  88
    Self‐signs and intensional contexts.Ruth Garrett Millikan - 2022 - Mind and Language 38 (4):962-980.
    Paradigm intensional contexts result from the unmarked use of referential expressions as “self‐signs”, signs that refer to themselves as tokens, types, or members of Sellarsian “dot‐quoted” kinds. Self‐signing (but unquoted) linguistic expressions are more difficult to recognize than non‐linguistic self‐signs such as the color of a felt pen's casing that represents the color of ink inside. I will discuss non‐linguistic self‐signing, then examine self‐signing in quotation, in “said that …” contexts and in “believes that … ” contexts. The phenomenon of (...)
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  11.  56
    What is an educational practice? A reply to Wilfred Carr.Ruth Jonathan - 1987 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 21 (2):177–180.
    Ruth Jonathan; What is an Educational Practice? A Reply to Wilfred Carr, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 21, Issue 2, 30 May 2006, Pages 177–180, htt.
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  12.  87
    Precis of the rational imagination: How people create alternatives to reality.Ruth Mj Byrne - 2007 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (5):439-452.
    The human imagination remains one of the last uncharted terrains of the mind. People often imagine how events might have turned out something had been different. The of reality, those aspects more readily changed, indicate that counterfactual thoughts are guided by the same principles as rational thoughts. In the past, rationality and imagination have been viewed as opposites. But research has shown that rational thought is more imaginative than cognitive scientists had supposed. In The Rational Imagination, I argue that imaginative (...)
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  13.  77
    Turning or Spinning? Charles Taylor's Catholicism: A Reply to Ian Fraser.Ruth Abbey - 2006 - Contemporary Political Theory 5 (2):163-175.
    Charles Taylor's work has recently taken a religious turn, with Taylor becoming more explicit about his own religious faith and its influence on his thinking. Ian Fraser offers a systematic, critical exploration of the nature of Taylor's Catholicism as it appears in his writings. This reply to Fraser endorses his belief in the importance of looking carefully at Taylor's religious views. However, it raises doubts about some of Fraser's particular arguments and conclusions, and aims to foster a clearer understanding of (...)
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  14.  41
    What Do Words Do for Us?Ronnie Cann & Ruth Kempson - 2017 - Dialectica 71 (3):425-460.
    In this paper we adopt the hypothesis that languages are mechanisms for interaction, and that grammars encode the means by which such interaction may take place, by use of procedures that construct representations of meaning from strings of words uttered in context, and conversely strings of words are built up from representations of content in interaction with context. In a review of the systemic use of ellipsis in dialogue and associated split-utterance phenomena, we show how, in Dynamic Syntax, words give (...)
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  15.  24
    Physical Time as Human Time.Ruth Kastner - unknown
    ABSTRACT. This is an invited comment on “Physical Time Within Human Time”. The topic is the nature of time and its various representations in physical theory vs. our experience. In this Comment, I dissent from the standard formulation of the topic as involving a “Two Times Problem,” in which physical time is taken as being at odds with the human sense of a “flow of time.” I provide a brief overview of the case to be made for the contrary view: (...)
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  16. Stefan Ramaekers and Judith Suissa , The Claims of Parenting: Reasons, Responsibility and Society . Reviewed by.Ruth Abbey - 2013 - Philosophy in Review 33 (1):9-15.
  17.  37
    Continuing Questions about Friendship as a Central Moral Value.Ruth Abbey - 2018 - Dialogue and Universalism 28 (2):65-80.
    This article engages Friendship: A Central Moral Value by Michael H. Mitias. It questions Mitias’ distinction between friendship as a moral and theoretical concern as opposed to a practical one. It distinguishes the narrow from the wide meanings of philia in Aristotle’s approach. It looks at the resonances of classical approaches in later theories of friendship, while also attending to the innovations of later thinkers. It suggests that the moral paradigms Mitias delineates might not be as hegemonic nor as hermetically (...)
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  18.  11
    Nietzsche as Psychologist.Ruth Abbey - 2000 - In Nietzsche's middle period. New York: Oxford University Press.
    The middle period works attest to what a careful, sensitive analyst of moral life Friedrich Nietzsche could be, offering a range of nuanced and delicate analyses of the psyche. The exaggeration, extremism, overstatement, and reductionism that characterize some of the later Nietzsche’s thought are far less evident in the works of the middle period. The ancient pursuit of self-knowledge emerges as an ideal in these texts, but it is wedded to a conception of the self as complex, multiple, and changeable. (...)
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  19.  6
    One Cannot Be Too Kind about Women.Ruth Abbey - 2000 - In Nietzsche's middle period. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Contrary to the common classification of Friedrich Nietzsche as a misogynist, the works of the middle period do not entirely denigrate or dismiss women. Nietzsche’s views on women at this time were more nuanced and less vitriolic than they became. The works of the middle period repeatedly measure women by the values constitutive of free-spirithood such as autonomy, intellectual strength, desire and ability to pursue the sort of scientific knowledge Nietzsche prizes, capacity for cruelty, and the skills of dialogue. This (...)
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  20.  9
    The Greatest Danger?Ruth Abbey - 2000 - In Nietzsche's middle period. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Just as he points to the power of egoism, so Friedrich Nietzsche is notorious for being a critic of pity. This chapter explores the dangers he detects in pity and its cognate emotions such as sympathy, empathy, and benevolence, in the middle period writings. The commonplace view that Nietzsche holds all such drives in contempt is questioned by a careful study of the middle period’s more nuanced portrayals of these emotions. While Nietzsche condemns the Christian-inspired morality of pity, he does (...)
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  21. Mediale Strukturen der Lebenswelt.Ruth Ayass - 2010 - In Michael Staudigl (ed.), Alfred Schütz und die Hermeneutik. Konstanz: UVK. pp. 285--308.
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  22.  28
    Conditionals and possibilities.Ruth Mj Byrne, Philip N. Johnson-Laird, M. Oaksford & N. Chater - 2010 - In Mike Oaksford & Nick Chater (eds.), Cognition and Conditionals: Probability and Logic in Human Thought. Oxford University Press.
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  23.  24
    (2 other versions)Ethics briefing.Ruth Campbell, Sophie Brannan, Veronica English, Rebecca Mussell, Julian C. Sheather & Olivia Lines - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (2):159-160.
    In February 2020, the British Medical Association will be surveying members for their views on what the BMA’s position on physician-assisted dying should be. The BMA is currently opposed to physician-assisted dying in all its forms, a position that was agreed in 2006 at the annual representative meeting, the Association’s policy-making conference.1 As previously reported in Ethics briefing,2 the decision to survey members follows a motion passed at last year’s ARM which called on the BMA to “carry out a poll (...)
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  24.  77
    An Eye for Artificial Intelligence: Insights Into the Governance of Artificial Intelligence and Vision for Future Research.Ruth V. Aguilera & Deepika Chhillar - 2022 - Business and Society 61 (5):1197-1241.
    In this 60th anniversary of Business & Society essay, we seek to make three main contributions at the intersection of governance and artificial intelligence. First, we aim to illuminate some of the deeper social, legal, organizational, and democratic challenges of rising AI adoption and resulting algorithmic power by reviewing AI research through a governance lens. Second, we propose an AI governance framework that aims to better assess AI challenges as well as how different governance modalities can support AI. At the (...)
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  25.  48
    Possible Worlds in Literary Theory.Ruth Ronen - 1995 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 53 (4):449-450.
  26.  26
    Everyday Creativity and New Views of Human Nature: Psychological, Social, and Spiritual Perspectives.Ruth Richards (ed.) - 2007 - American Psychological Association.
    Though active in the arts herself, Dr. Richards (psychology, Saybrook Graduate School, San Francisco; psychiatry, Harvard Medical School; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts) views creativity more broadly and as essential to survival. As someone who helped break new ground in the assessment of creativity in the general population, she introduces 13 chapters in which interdisciplinary thinkers probe the "originality of everyday life" in individual and societal contexts. Perspectives range from Piaget's developmental stages and the more positive aspects of television viewing to (...)
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  27. X-Novel, Natural, Nutritious: Towards a Philosophy of Food.Ruth Chadwick - 2000 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 100 (2):193-208.
    The possibilities of genetic engineering, particularly as applied to human beings, have provoked considerable debate for over two decades, but more recently the focus of public concern, at least, has turned to genetically modified food. Food has occasionally caught the attention of philosophers and bioethicists but is now ripe for further attention in the light of the implications of GM for policy in health, economics and politics. Macer has identified opposing reactions to novel foods—to prefer to eat down the food (...)
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  28.  7
    Forschung an humanen embryonalen Stammzellen: aktuelle ethische Fragestellungen.Johann S. Ach, Ruth Denkhaus & Beate Lüttenberg (eds.) - 2015 - Münster: Lit.
    Die Forschung mit embryonalen Stammzellen gehört in Deutschland seit Jahren zu den in der Öffentlichkeit besonders kontrovers diskutierten Fragen. Aus ethischer, rechtlicher und sozialwissenschaftlicher Perspektive wirft die Verwendung von humanen embryonalen Stammzellen und induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen in der Grundlagenforschung, der sich abzeichnenden klinischen Anwendung oder auch der ebenfalls näher rückenden Nutzung von Stammzellen als Testsystemen eine Reihe von Fragen auf, die, neben eher allgemeinen Fragen der Ethik der Stammzellforschung, den Fokus der Beiträge des vorliegenden Sammelbandes bilden.
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  29.  9
    The effects of scopolamine on preexposure to a learning apparatus.Michael J. Grant & Ruth M. Grant - 1973 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 1 (4):238-240.
  30.  12
    Silences: Irish Women and Abortion.Ruth Fletcher - 1995 - Feminist Review 50 (1):44-66.
    This article considers the forces which act to prevent women in Ireland from speaking about their experiences of abortion. It considers the various forms such silencing can take and the complexity of feelings and circumstance which women who have had abortions are subject to. In so doing it raises important questions about the way public debate about abortion between pro-choice and pro-life arguments — couched in terms of rights — acts to further silence women. Finally, the article calls for the (...)
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  31. The Right Not to Know: A Challenge for Accurate Self-Assessment.Ruth F. Chadwick - 2004 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 11 (4):299-301.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology 11.4 (2004) 299-301 [Access article in PDF] The Right Not to Know: A Challenge for Accurate Self-Assessment Ruth F. Chadwick Anderson and Lux present a very interesting and thought-provoking argument for the view that accurate self-assessment is a requirement for personal autonomy. What I want to suggest is that although this may be helpful in the context with which these authors are primarily concerned, (...)
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  32.  68
    Liberalism and education.Ruth Jonathan - 1997 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 31 (1):181–216.
    Ruth Jonathan; Re-ordering Society: Re-forming Education, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 31, Issue 1, 16 December 2002, Pages 13–29, https://doi.org.
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  33.  20
    Persons and their preferences.Ruth Jonathan - 1997 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 31 (1):143–179.
    Ruth Jonathan; Persons and their Preferences, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 31, Issue 1, 16 December 2002, Pages 143–179, https://doi.org/10.1111/1.
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  34.  85
    The credibility of miracles.Ruth Weintraub - 1996 - Philosophical Studies 82 (3):359 - 375.
    Hume’s famous argument against the credibility of testimony about miracles invokes two premises: 1) The reliability of the witness (the extent to which he is informed and truthful) must be compared with the intrinsic probability of the miracle. 2) The initial probability of a miracle is always small enough to outweigh the improbability that the testimony is false (even when the witness is assumed to be reliable). I defend the first premise of the argument, showing that Hume’s argument can be (...)
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  35.  20
    New Perspectives on Freud's Moses and Monotheism.Ruth Ginsburg & Ilana Pardes (eds.) - 2006 - De Gruyter.
    "New Perspectives on Freud's Moses and Monotheism" presents some of the most important current scholarship on 'Moses and Monotheism'. The essays in this volume offer new perspectives on Freud's perception of Judaism, of collective trauma and collective repression, national violence, gender issues, hermeneutic enigmas, religious configurations, questions of representation, and constructions of truth, while exploring the relevance of 'Moses and Monotheism' in diverse fields - from Jewish Studies, Psychoanalysis, History, and Egyptology to Literature, Musicology, and Art.
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  36. The Role of Dialogue in the Age-Old Antagonism between Philosophy and Poetry.Ruth Glasner - 2007 - Iyyun 56:135.
     
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  37.  20
    A/V libraries; $39.95 seeondary edueation, town libraries, reli gious organizations.Ruth W. Grant & Nathan Tareov - 1997 - Teaching Philosophy 20 (2):233.
  38. Afterword.Ruth Millikan - 2012 - In Dan Ryder, Justine Kingsbury & Kenneth Williford (eds.), Millikan and her critics. Malden, MA: Wiley. pp. 281–281.
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  39.  28
    Noncognitive religious influence and initiation in Tillson’s Children, Religion and the Ethics of Influence.Ruth J. Wareham - 2024 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 58 (1):108-119.
    In Children, Religion and the Ethics of Influence, John Tillson sets out a clear and convincing case for the view that children ought not to be initiated into religious faith by their parents or others with the relevant ‘extra-parental responsibilities’. However, by predicating his thesis on an understanding of illegitimate religious influence that largely equates initiation into faith with the inculcation of a distinctive type of propositional content, I contend that Tillson misses some of the potential harms such initiation may (...)
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  40.  9
    Cross-currents in Astronomy and Navigation: Thomas Hornsby, FRS.Ruth Wallis - 2000 - Annals of Science 57 (3):219-240.
    Thomas Hornsby was a hard-working, scientifically ambitious and significant man of vision during the second half of the eighteenth century. He was a notable astronomical observer, founder of the Radcliffe Observatory at Oxford, a successful lecturer, a Commissioner of Longitude at a critical time, and editor of James Bradley's Astronomical Observations. This paper presents some long-neglected facts; in assembling scattered fragments into a coherent account, it raises new speculations.
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  41.  27
    Edward Cocker (1632?–1676) and his Arithmetick: De Morgan demolished.Ruth Wallis - 1997 - Annals of Science 54 (5):507-522.
    Summary Edward Cocker was a well-known writing master and engraver during his lifetime, but is chiefly remembered for his posthumous arithmetic textbook, immortalized in the saying ?According to Cocker?. The book proved popular, being right for its time, and it remained in use for a century. It unexpectedly became the subject of controversy when Augustus De Morgan pronounced it to be the produce of its editor, John Hawkins. Research now shows that there is little doubt that it was really Cocker's (...)
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  42.  26
    Towards a professional model for surrogate motherhood.Ruth Walker & Liezl van Zyl - 2017 - Palgrave Macmillan.
    This book delves deeply into modern surrogacy arrangements, responding to both practical and ethical critiques by offering a radically new model for surrogate motherhood. Current practice distinguishes between two models of surrogacy – the altruistic model and the commercial model, both of which present social, ethical, and conceptual challenges. This book proposes a novel arrangement for surrogate motherhood – the professional model. Inspired by professions, such as nursing, teaching, and social work, the professional model acknowledges the caring motives that surrogate (...)
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  43.  72
    A Humean Conundrum.Ruth Weintraub - 2005 - Hume Studies 31 (2):211-224.
    Hume's Copy Principle, which accords precedence to impressions over ideas, is restricted to simple perceptions. Yet in all the conceptual analyses Hume conducts by attempting to fit an impression to a (putative) idea, he never checks for simplicity. And this seems to vitiate the analyses: we cannot conclude from the lack of a preceding impression that a putative idea is bogus, unless it is simple. In this paper I criticise several attempts to account for Hume's seemingly cavalier attitude, and offer (...)
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  44.  58
    A New Humean Criticism of Our Inductive Practice.Ruth Weintraub - 2013 - The European Legacy 18 (4):420-431.
    Hume’s familiar sceptical argument against induction brands as irrational our practice of generalising from observed regularities because of its reliance on the assumption that nature is uniform, an assumption which is unjustifiable. The argument which I wish to consider focuses instead on the observed regularities that are required if we are legitimately to extrapolate from experience. According to Hume, the paradigm type of inductive reasoning involves a constant conjunction. But in fact we do not encounter such invariable uniformities: our experience (...)
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  45. A solution to the discursive dilemma.Ruth Weintraub - 2011 - Philosophical Studies 152 (2):181 - 188.
    An impossibility result pertaining to the aggregation of individual judgements is thought by many to have significant implications for political theory, social epistemology and metaphysics. When members of a group hold a rational set of judgments on some interconnected questions, the theorem shows, it isn't always (logically) possible for them to aggregate their judgements into a collective one in conformity with seemingly very plausible constraints. I reject one of the constraints which engender the dilemma. The analogy with the lottery paradox, (...)
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  46.  45
    Logical knowledge.Ruth Weintraub - 2001 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 9 (1):3 – 18.
    It seems obvious that our beliefs are logically imperfect in two ways: they are neither deductively closed nor logically consistent. But this common-sense truism has been judged erroneous by some philosophers in the light of various arguments. In defence of common sense I consider and rebut interpretative arguments for logical perfection and show that the assumption espoused by common sense is theoretically superior, and capable - unlike its rival - of accounting for the informativeness of mathematics. Finally, I suggest that (...)
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  47.  16
    The Sceptical Life.Ruth Weintraub - 1996 - Dialectica 50 (3):225-234.
    summaryAccording to the radical sceptic we have no reason to believe anything, being unable even to distinguish the more probable from the less. I propose to consider the practical problems engendered by this stance. It seems to require that we suspend judgement, but it is not clear that we can acquiesce to this demand. Is it psychologically possible to suspend belief? And if it is, can the sceptic live and act without believing? The practical difficulties, I shall argue, are genuine (...)
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  48. Professional ethics and the 'good' of science.Ruth Chadwick - 2005 - .
    Proposals for an ethical code for scientists raise questions about the usefulness of the framework of professional ethics for debating relevant issues surrounding ethics and science. Is science a profession and if so should its professional ethic be self-derived or subject to external input? What needs to be addressed is the nature of the 'good' that science promotes. Explanations of science as a public good in terms of knowledge and diversity are possibilities, but science's answer to the basic philosophical question (...)
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  49.  22
    Distinguishing Family from Friends.Rick O’Gorman & Ruth Roberts - 2017 - Human Nature 28 (3):323-343.
    Kinship and friendship are key human relationships. Increasingly, data suggest that people are not less altruistic toward friends than close kin. Some accounts suggest that psychologically we do not distinguish between them; countering this is evidence that kinship provides a unique explanatory factor. Using the Implicit Association Test, we examined how people implicitly think about close friends versus close kin in three contexts. In Experiment 1, we examined generic attitudinal dispositions toward friends and family. In Experiment 2, attitude similarity as (...)
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  50.  69
    Do utility comparisons pose a problem?Ruth Weintraub - 1998 - Philosophical Studies 92 (3):307-319.
    Comparisons between utilities pose a pressing problem if, while incapable of being grounded, they are required in ethical deliberation. My aim is to consider whether there are epistemological impediments to implementing such ethical choices. Can we find ourselves being persuaded of the ethical need to compare utilities of different individuals, yet unable to do so because the comparisons cannot be warranted? I argue that the problem cannot arise; no plausible moral principle will invoke magnitudes which are inscrutable.
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