En este trabajo se estudia la concepción de la filosofía y el método de la exageración propuesto por Günther Anders en su obra en dos volúmenes La obsolescencia del hombre (1956-1980). Si temáticamente el centro de la obra es la preocupación por la posible autodestrucción de la humanidad en la época atómica; Anders también propone una comprensión de la filosofía y de su método como correlato operatorio de dicha posible aniquilación. Esta revisión de la filosofía y su método constituyen la (...) justificación del tratamiento filosófico de la posibilidad de la autodestrucción de la humanidad. (shrink)

A common account sees the human genome sequencing project of the 1990s as a “natural outgrowth” of the deciphering of the double helical structure of DNA in the 1950s. The essay aims to complicate this neat narrative by putting the spotlight on the field of human chromosome research that flourished at the same time as molecular biology. It suggests that we need to consider both endeavors – the human cytogeneticists who collected samples and looked down the microscope and the molecular (...) biologists who probed the molecular mechanisms of gene function – to understand the rise of the human genome sequencing project and the current genomic practices. In particular, it proposes that what has often been described as the “molecularization” of cytogenetics could equally well be viewed as the turn of molecular biologists to human and medical genetics – a field long occupied by cytogeneticists. These considerations also have implications for the archives that are constructed for future historians and policy makers. (shrink)

In this essay, I propose a comprehension of the meaning of politics based on Martin Heidegger’s thinking. I will develop the idea of the political as essential displacement of humanity. This notion will be achieved precisely by understanding the Heideggerian interpretation of Polis [πόλις] as the historical place i.e. the “site of history” [Geschichtesstätte]. In order to establish my argument, I will focus not only on explicit references to the concept of Polis in his literature, but also on a brief (...) analysis of two key concepts presented in his work in the late 1930s: machination [Machenschaft] and lived-experience [Er-lebnis]. It is through these concepts, but also how, through them, a technicity and history are related, that I will delineate a context for the meaning of politics as essential displacement of humanity, which will thereby conform to the basic character of the techno-political being. Nevertheless, a reflection upon the meaning of politics leading to the characterisation of the human as a techno-political being will show itself as the question about the place of the philosopher, a way to put philosophy itself in question. (shrink)

Reseña de "No Lugar". Liobro de Natali Aranda Komorebi ediciones, 2021, 50 pp. Valdivia, ISBN : 978-956-6102-04-5.

This paper studies two aspects of John Duns Scotus’s Prologue to his Questions on the Metaphysics of Aristotle. The a priori argument to prove the nobility and dignity of metaphysics and the treatment of the question about the scientific object of metaphysics and its articulation with the other realities treated in this science. The paper also shows how Scotus’s prologue follows an interpretative tradition whose principal interlocutors are Thomas Aquinas and Avicenna.

¿Cómo ha sido el humor popular en tiempos de crisis? Esa parece ser la invitación que nos hace el autor del texto al revisar los episodios más notables del teatro cómico y del humor revisteril chileno durante los años más duros de la Gran Depresión. El espacio físico, los artistas, incluso los títulos de las obras hacen referencia a una vida nocturna que ha desaparecido de Santiago. A través de la prensa, Maximiliano Salinas nos hace testigos de las disputas (...) entre los representantes de la cultura de elite y los defensores del humor criollo, representado en la figura del personaje Juan Verdejo. Como en un carnaval, comprendemos que la dureza y el sufrimiento de la vida se convierten, por medio de estos artesanos del gesto y la palabra ingeniosa, en una explosión de creación artística y combate de la depresión económica y también sicológica. (shrink)

Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Volume 45, Issue 3, Page 462-467, September 2022.

Carla CANULLO Paco Editorial, Trad. Íris Fátima da Silva Uribe e Luis Uribe Miranda 2021 404 páginas. Jundiaí São, Brasil ISBN: 978-85-462-1999-5.

Violence -- Poliltical philosophy -- Critical theory -- Science and arts in international relations -- Psyche -- Aesthetics -- Tolstoi's War and peace.

This paper examines the congruence of the method of abandoning the mental limit regarding what it states, what it does, and what it is. The solid congruence that this method exhibits obliges us to exceed its mere formal use: and it helps us discover that congruence constitutes an intrinsic feature of real truth. This finding overcomes the atavistic mistrust that has accompanied philosophical research, making unnecesary the searching for signals or proofs to recognize truth.

El artículo propone una interpretación de la obra literaria "Las Crónicas de Narnia" del autor ingles C. S Lewis. Tal interpretación posibilita considerar la alegoría religiosa que esta obra literaria realiza sobre la experiencia de la divinidad a través de la figura del León.

En este artículo sostengo que Gabriel Marcel desarrolla una metafísica de la existencia humana a partir de una fenomenología. Para mostrar esta hipótesis, parto del diagnóstico que hace el autor de la situación del hombre contemporáneo. Marcel afirma que el ser humano ha sido reducido a un mero haz de funciones no dando espacio para el misterio. A partir de ese diagnóstico, desarrollo el concepto de exigencia ontológica el cual nos permite, sostengo, pasar de una fenomenología a una metafísica, desde (...) el momento en que Marcel plantea que la exigencia ontológica no es solo una necesidad subjetiva de sentido, sino el correlato del misterio ontológico en el cual nos encontramos insertos. La filosofía del misterio del Marcel, eje central de su metafísica de la existencia humana, es explicada y explicitada en la segunda parte de este trabajo, a partir del dato de la encarnación y del problema de la participación. In this article, I hold that Gabriel Marcel proposes a kind of metaphysics of human existence that arises from a phenomenology. In order to show this hypothesis, I start from the description that the author does of the situation of contemporary man. Marcel affirms that human being has been reduced to a mere assembly of functions, without leaving any room to mystery. Starting from this account, I develop the concept of ontological need, concept that allows us to go from phenomenology to metaphysis, because the concept of ontological need, according to Marcel, is not only the expression of a subjective need of finding sense, but the expression of the ontological mystery in which we find ourselves. The philosophy of mystery of Marcel, backbone of his metaphysics of the human existence, is explained in the second part of this article, by giving an account of the basic fact of being an incarnated being and by discussing the problem of participation. (shrink)

Scholars have identified crimmigration – or the criminalization of “irregular” migration in law – as a key issue affecting migrant access to justice in contemporary immigrant-receiving societies. Yet the gendered and racialized implications of crimmigration for diverse migrant populations remains underdeveloped in this literature. This study advances a feminist intersectional approach to crimmigration and migrant justice in Canada. I add to recent research showing how punitive immigration controls disproportionately affect racialized men from the global south, constituting what Golash-Boza and Hondagneu-Sotelo (...) have called a “gendered racial removal program”. In my study, I shift analytical attention to consider the effects of the contemporary crimmigration system on migrant women survivors of gender-based violence. While such cases constitute a small sub-group within a larger population of migrants in detention, nevertheless scholarly attention to this group can expose the multiple axes along which state power is enacted – an analytical strategy that foundational scholars like Crenshaw used to theorize “structural intersectionality” in the US. In focusing on crimmigration in the Canadian context, I draw attention to the growing nexus between migration, security, and gender-based violence that has emerged alongside other processes of crimmigration. I then provide a case analysis of the 2013 death while in custody of Lucía Dominga Vega Jiménez, an “undocumented” migrant woman from Mexico. My analysis illustrates how migrant women’s strategies to survive gender-based violence are re-cast as grounds for their detention and removal, constituting what I argue is a criminalization of survivorship.The research overall demonstrates the centrality of gendered and racialized structural violence in crimmigration processes by challenging more universalist approaches to migrant justice. (shrink)

This article discusses how the persistence of child labor, especially in Brazil and the United States of America, constitutes a current facet of neo-colonialism. Cultivated as an educational and dignifying activity, exploited child labor persists and is naturalized. Schools, religions, and the legislation contribute to making the working class come to love and naturalize what in the past was understood as torture and punishment, thus jointly acting as a fundamental means of forming a new cultural form: the love of work. (...) Initially, the article discusses how the culture of work is historically founded and then argues against the idealist and postmodern explanations that naturalize it. The argument is based on the understanding that culture has a material basis and is linked to the production and social reproduction of life. Data from the empirical research on child labor in tobacco farming in Brazil and the USA reveal the persistence of the problem among Latino children and families. We conclude with the need to found a new culture for contemporary society, based on other social and economic relations, which allows the working class to free itself from what dominates and exploits it. (shrink)

The fundamental purpose of this research work was to explain how the management of agile methodologies for the development of competencies of university students in the Peruvian context. Based on this question, it has been hypothesized that agile methodologies significantly help the development of students' competencies. This is complemented by a quantitative approach study, with a quasi-experimental design of the "Design with pre-test - post-test with experimental groups and control groups" model. The students of the one Peruvian University were considered (...) as the study population, of which the students of the Faculty of Initial Education were taken as a study sample, within which 100 students participated as an experimental group. 100 from V, VII, X cycle and as a control group 100 students from II, III, and IV cycle respectively. Therefore, as the main result, it is evident that, with a bilateral significance of.000 less than the predetermined significance of 0.05 and a result of F = 1.013, they confirm that the first condition of equality of variances is met and thus establish the Test of the General Hypothesis or HG according to the normal "Z" equal to 8.965, in the case of two independent samples and a difference of 3.81 plus Gl = 51 degrees of freedom and assuming a 95% confidence level, the hypothesis is rejected null and the alternative Hypothesis is accepted, concluding that agile methodologies significantly help the development of students' competencies with a significance of pv,000.. (shrink)

Desarrollar la libertad como donación es, según Leonardo Polo, exigencia de nuestra altura histórica. Tras comprobar la vigencia actual de tal demanda, este trabajo concreta una propuesta de filosofía, no del don, sino del dar, cuyo modelo puro se toma de los datos de la revelación cristiana. Primero establece las características nucleares del dar divino (comunicación interpersonal, gratuidad y sobreabundancia), para considerar, después, el dar humano: sus diferencias con Aquél y la posibilidad de asemejarlo a él. Se concluye que dar (...) es actividad trascendental, que ser persona es dar, y que el dar pleno será coronación de nuestro dar redimido. (shrink)

RESUMENNota necrológica sobre el filósofo español Leonardo Polo Barrena.PALABRAS CLAVELEONARDO POLO BARRENAABSTRACTObituary of the Spanish philosopher Leonardo Polo Barrena.KEYWORDSLEONARDO POLO BARRENA.

Cette étude analyse comment Kelsen, pour libérer le droit et la démocratie des traces de ce qu'il appelle les hypostases collectives ou la mythologie de l'âme collective, prend position face aux grandes théories de la sociologie et de la psychologie sociale de son temps. D'abord, il s'agira de montrer comment Kelsen critique les métaphores de l'âme collective ; ensuite, de montrer comment la pensée kelsénienne sur le droit et la démocratie essaie d'échapper aux problèmes liés à la métaphore de l'âme (...) collective. Cela peut laisser entrevoir quelques points communs entre la théorie de Kelsen et les théories contemporaines sur le droit et la démocratie libérées des prémisses de l'idée d'une communauté homogène. The aim of this essay is to analyse how Kelsen criticises the major theories of sociology and social psychology of his time in order to liberate law and democracy from what he calls collective hypostasis or the mythology of the "collective soul". The first part investigates how Kelsen criticises the metaphors of the collective soul. The second part addresses how Kelsen built a theory of law and democracy that sought to escape from problems correlated to the metaphors of the collective soul. The results enable the reader to glimpse some common points between Kelsen's ideas and contemporary projects to elaborate a theory of law and democracy released from the premises implicated by the idea of a uniform community. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo se propone configurar la trama saber-tropo como estrategia para desvelar ataduras coloniales que aún persisten en las vidas cotidianas de sujetos situados y encarnados, cuyas existencias se desarrollan en condiciones de precariedad material, exclusión, explotación y no reconocimiento. Con un marcado carácter epistémico-metodológico, y tomando como base los postulados de la tropología, se discute sobre la noción de tropo y saber, además de señalar las posibles relaciones que entre ellos se pueden dar, para finalmente, en términos demostrativos, (...) plantear un procedimiento orientado a identificar y analizar los tropos que permiten ir desvelando lastres coloniales en las narraciones cotidianas. La relevancia de esta propuesta se asienta en la necesidad de ir avanzado en construir herramientas metodológicas que permitan comprender los principios que configuran el pensamiento decolonial. Desde allí, se propone al tropo como expresión y discusión figurativa del saber, debido a que este puede ser utilizado persuasivamente para afectar la forma en que se habita el mundo, al tiempo que permite comprender el accionar social y, consecuentemente, las matrices coloniales con las que debemos romper.: This article proposes to configure knowledge-trope plot as a strategy to uncover colonial ties that persist in the daily lives of situated and incarnated subjects, whose existences develop in conditions of material precariousness, exclusion, exploitation and non-recognition. With a marked epistemic-methodological character, and based on the postulates of the tropology, the notion of trope and knowledge is discussed, as well as pointing out the possible relationships that can occur between them, and finally, in demonstrative terms, to propose a procedure aimed at identifying and analysing the tropes that allow us to reveal colonial ballasts in everyday narratives. The relevance of this proposal is based on the need to construct methodological tools that allow us to understand the principles of decolonial thinking. From there, the trope is proposed as an expression and figurative discussion of knowledge, because it can be used persuasively to affect the way in which the world is inhabited, while at the same time it allows us to understand social action and, consequently, colonial matrices with which we must break. (shrink)

RESUMENEste trabajo describe y examina críticamente la obra mencionada, cuya tesis final es la infinitud del hombre y su divinización por el Kant maduro. Su mérito consiste en (i) realizar una minu- 1 «Existe Dios en nosotros. La identidad de Dios y la razón pura práctica en la Crítica de la razón práctica de Kant». En lo que sigue abrevio el nombre del autor con las siglas «GS», y el de esta obra con las siglas «TGS». ciosa lectura de los (...) postulados de la KpV, que permite descubrir una interna problematicidad no considerada antes, y (ii) proponer como solución a ella la existencia de una naturaleza dual en el hombre (homo phänomenon - homo noumenon). Aunque la obra adolece de ambigüedades tanto en las nociones básicas como en la tesis propuesta, eso no obsta para que sus aportaciones, de gran relevancia, deban ser tenidas seriamente en cuenta.PALABRAS CLAVEHISTORIA DE LA FILOSOFÍA MODERNA; I. KANT; POSTULADOS DE LA RAZÓN PRÁCTICA; DIOS; INFINITUD DEL HOMBRE; ANTROPONOMÍA.ABSTRACTThis note reviews and critically examines the book mentioned in its title. The main thesis of this book is the infiniteness and divinization of human being that can be found in the writings of the late Kant. The book examined has two merits: (i) by means of an exhaustive reading of the postulates of Kant’s «Critique of Practical Reason», it manages to bring to light an internal inconsistency in these postulates; (ii) it proposes the existence of a dual nature in human being (homo phänomenon - homo noumenon) as the solution to that inconsistency. Though the book suffers from ambiguities and inaccuracy both in the basic notions employed and the main thesis advanced, it makes significant contributions that must be seriously taken into account.KEY WORDSHISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY, I. KANT, PRACTICAL REASON’S POSTULATES, GOD, HUMAN BEING’S INFINITENESS, ANTROPONOMY. (shrink)

RESUMEN El trabajo presenta un modelo de psicología moral a partir del análisis del libro primero de las Leyes de Platón y, en particular, de la imagen de la marioneta. Entre los intérpretes contemporáneos se debate sobre si esta imagen compromete una comprensión de la templanza como "victoria" sobre los placeres o si más bien respalda una comprensión de esta virtud como "acuerdo" entre estos y la razón. Para responder a esta cuestión, se recurrirá a la psicología bipartita del Filebo. (...) Esto permitirá reconocer, en la educación de la virtud, el conflicto entre afectos y, en el resultado de este proceso educativo, el acuerdo entre razón y afectividad. ABSTRACT The article presents a moral psychology model on the basis of the analysis of the first book of Plato's Laws, particularly of the image of the puppet. Contemporary interpreters have been debating whether that image entails an understanding of temperance as a "victory" over pleasures, or whether it supports an understanding of that virtue as an "agreement" between pleasures and reason. In order to answer that question, the article resorts to the twofold psychology of the Philebus. This makes it possible to recognize the conflict among affects, in education in virtue, and the agreement between reason and affectivity, in the result of that educational process. (shrink)