The development of this paper is presented in two moments. In the first, the analysis of the literacy method of master Paulo Freire is made. However, he ceases to be approached as a simple set of reading and writing techniques to highlight the “anthropological, ethical and political proposal to rescue the ontological vocation of men and women, which, among others, materializes in the right to read world. In the second, the focus is on the relationships between Freire's pedagogical thinking and (...) the theory of Brazilian nationalism-developmentalism developed within the ISEB in the period between 1959 and 1964. The central argument is that Paulo Freire's position is opposed to that of the elites, to the closed society and identified with the nuances of conservative populism that massifies, fanatizes and prevents the simple men from being participants and agents of the transformation process that they consider fundamental; the education proposed was essentially transformative and liberating. Throughout the development of the text, the importance of Paulo Freire and the reasons for occupying this prominent place in the history of Brazilian and world education are always emphasized. (shrink)

Festschrift in honor of 60th birthday of Āgamānaṅdasvāmikaḷ, 1896-1961; collection of his speeches and writings on Vedanta and other aspects of Hindu philosophy.

Forced displacement and silencing are inextricably bound for communities who have experienced different forms of violence in different contexts. This article explores the narratives about the war that began on 5 October 2017 in the district of Mocímboa da Praia, on the coast of the province of Cabo Delgado, northern Mozambique, by a group of radical guerrillas locally known as mashababe. Since then, from isolated attacks on remote villages, violence has spread to more districts in the region, with kidnappings of (...) civilians, looting of barns and houses, thus imposing the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of people in addition to an inestimable number of dead and missing people. This article combines the history and ethnographic work carried out between 2018 and 2021 with the homeless populations from conflict regions and hosted in the 'Nacaca Displaced Persons Camp' (Campo de Deslocados de Nacaca), built in the district of Montepuez, south of Cabo Delgado, a region previously considered safe. The aim of this paper is to analyse how the multiple faces of traumatic violence (physical, psychological and symbolic) are processed in which war victims are continually exposed through silencing imposed by different actors who frequent their new places of refuge. (shrink)

Diamantino Martins, one of the main masters of the Braga School, was part of the founding group of the Portuguese Journal of Philosophy. He is the author of a vast philosophical work, and presents an original thought on natural evidence and immediate intuitive knowledge of God. The fine sensitivity and psychological analysis of the feeling of the divine in the deepest identity of the human being manifest, in his work, a penetrating understanding of the actuality of the question of God, (...) very present in the return of the religious and the divine, in the literature of the end of last century. It is also situated in the innovative current of philosophical thought of contemporary Portuguese authors, about the philosophical treatment of the question of God, like Sampaio Bruno and Fernando Pessoa. (shrink)

“History, forgetfulness and remembrance in Hegel and Nietzsche”. Albeit the evident distance between Hegel´s and Nietzsche´s philosophical projects, there is a shared terrain from which both authors respond to the excesses of modern illustration, which reacted against history and tradition, in the name of a subjective conscious understood as the unconditioned nucleus of reality. This paper wants to contribute to show how close to each other are this so called antagonists, showing that in their doctrines there is an intuition about (...) the fundamental temporality that lies in human existence and experience. From this common point of view, articulated in both cases with the notions of “remembrance” and “forgetfulness”, it is the purpose to generate a living dialogue, however full of tensions, between Hegel and Nietzsche, as critics of Modernity. (shrink)

O presente volume reune quase uma trintena de artigos com temas culturais, de consagrados autores portugueses e brasileiros, que assim pretenderam homenagear o Professor. oordenada por Joaquim Gonçalves, a obra é estruturada em 4 partes. As três primeiras agrupam as intervenções, consagrando-se a quarta à vida e obra do homenageado.

Despite the ongoing consideration of the ethical nature of human resource management (HRM), little research has been conducted on how morality and ethics are represented in the discourse, activities and lived experiences of human resource (HR) professionals. In this paper, we connect the thinking and lived experiences of HR professionals to an alternative ethics, rooted in the work of Bauman (Modernity and the Holocaust, Polity Press, Cambridge, 1989; Theory, Culture and Society 7:5-38, 1990; Postmodern Ethics, Blackwell, Oxford, 1991; Approaches to (...) Social Enquiry, Polity Press, Cambridge, 1993; Life in Fragments, Blackwell, Oxford, 1995) and Levinas (Otherwise than Being, or, Beyond Essence, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998). We argue that the study of HRM and ethics should be contextualized within the discourses used, the practices and activities of HR professionals. Through the analysis of interview data from 40 predominantly Canadian HR practitioners and managers we experiment with Bauman's notion of 'moral impulse' to help us understand how HRM is both a product and perpetuator of moral neutralization in organizations. We suggest that HRM as it is practiced is concerned with distancing, depersonalizing, and dissembling, and acts in support of the 'moral' requirements of business, not of people. However, we also recognize that HR practitioners and managers are often confronted with and conflicted by actions and decisions that they are required to take, therefore opening possibilities and hope for an alternative ethical HRM. (shrink)

This paper explores two persistent questions in the literature on presumptions: the place and the nature of presumptions in law and legal argumentation. These questions were originally raised by James Bradley Thayer, one of the masters of the Law of Evidence and the author of the classic chapter devoted this subject in A preliminary treatise on Evidence. Like Thayer, I believe that these questions deserve attention. First the paper shows that the connection between presumptions and argumentation is a constant feature (...) in the literature on presumptions, since its foundation in the Middle Ages to modern times. James Bradley Thayer was probably the last jurist who clearly saw that presumptions belong to argumentation. Second, the paper examines two sources of controversy in the language of presumptions. First, “presumption” is an ambiguous word in the legal discourse. As a result, it is almost impossible to provide a clear and succinct answer to the question “What is a presumption?”. Second, there are at least four reconstructions of the concept of presumption whose merits and shortcomings are relevant to explore. The analysis presented here may be of interest for legal and non-legal scholars and, hopefully, it may help to shed light on the possibilities and limits of an interdisciplinary dialogue about presumptions. (shrink)

Este artigo é parte do estudo de doutorado que investigou a concepção de currículo na obra de Dermeval Saviani. O levantamento da produção do autor permitiu-nos identificar que a mesma se concentra, prioritariamente, em quatro grandes áreas: estrutura e política educacional; filosofia da educação; história da educação e teoria pedagógica. Tomamos para análise, neste artigo, as contribuições no campo da filosofia da educação. Concluímos que o autor articula pressupostos ontológicos, gnosiológicos, axiológicos e teleológicos, sustentando uma concepção histórico-crítica de currículo a (...) partir de uma sólida concepção filosófica. (shrink)

La philosophie herméneutique est présentée en général comme une phénoménologie de la compréhension et une ontologie de l’existence et du langage humains. En cela, son potentiel analytique et critique de la réalité sociale et politique est limité. Néanmoins, certains des textes tardifs de Hans-Georg Gadamer tentent de traduire ces approches ontologiques en réflexions concrètes sur la praxis humaine dans nos sociétés contemporaines. Ils construisent alors les bases d’une véritable philosophie sociale et politique à vocation éminemment critique. À travers les notions (...) d’amitié et de solidarité que l’auteur développe dans ses dernières années, cet article examine ce tournant politique de l’herméneutique. (shrink)

O presente escrito aborda perspectivas trazidas a nós por Gadamer com vistas a liberar a experiência da arte do âmbito restrito da subjetividade, o que, segundo este filósofo, pode ocorrer a partir da assunção de um tipo de experiência que pode ser tomado como verdade mesmo não estando restrito aos métodos das ciências naturais. Partindo desta prerrogativa, Gadamer lança mão da noção de jogo como experiência fora da centralidade subjetiva. Com este redirecionamento da experiência junto a arte, o fenômeno artístico (...) pode aparecer como parte constitutiva da experiência existencial humana sem estar restrito às faculdades subjetivas, podendo fomentar um diálogo infinito e profícuo na lida compreensiva com nossas experiências. (shrink)

Studying multiple dimensions of the human self requires an integration-interconnection between rational, scriptural, Sufistic, and empirical disciplines of knowledge. Many muslim psychologists have long developed an integrative study known as Islamic Psychology. Such integration pivots on Modern Psychology as an empirical discipline (science) which absorbs various Islamic studies on human soul, mind, behavior, and the like, so that there is still room for integration focused on philosophical and scriptural disciplines. This paper contains the initial ideas of constructing a discipline of (...) knowledge on the human self that pivots on the integration between Islamic Philosophy and Quranic Exegesis, which is called Quran-Based Philosophical Psychology. The findings of this paper include the formulation of a number of principles as the Basic Structure of Knowledge underlying the Quran-Based Philosophical Psychology, which is based on the idea of Logic about the components of knowledge and the idea of the Philosophy of Science about the relationship between disciplines and their social aspects. (shrink)

Se busca presentar y analizar críticamente la filosofía interpretacionista de Günter Abel como una de las reflexiones más recientes y originales sobre el fenómeno de la interpretación. Al recoger atisbos provenientes de diversos horizontes teóricos (Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Goodman, Davidson), Abel ..

Human life in contemporary society is extremely complex and there are various external factors that directly affect the realization in the individual ends. In this work I analyze the effects of the global market economy, manifested by a mode of production and distribution of goods and services in the form of a global network of economic relations, which involve people, transnational corporations and political and social institutions in moral sphere of people, affecting their choices and the realization of these choices. (...) Individual freedom can be understand as a freedom to realize our choices in the environment of a global economic market, but it is still problematic in the sense that the choices of goods and services available in this market do not reflect individual choices, but a set of preferences standardized according to the market itself. In this paper I will reflect about the individual freedom in economic globalization pointing from the debate between Pettit and Berlin that social freedom advocated by Republican Petit can be satisfactory for a start. (shrink)

La filosofía, más que ser una tarea que busca crear e instaurar una teoría absoluta de la verdad, como fue el caso, en la historia de la filosofía misma, del pensamiento cartesiano, el hegeliano,el husserliano, entre otros, es una actividad, es decir, una praxis dialógica que se entiende como introducirse en el medio de un camino que ya otros han recorrido, lo cual presupone, inmediatamente, una concepción de la filosofía como un camino de experiencia siempre abierto. Así, el presente artículo (...) busca analizar el hacer filosófico como una práctica hermenéutica que no sólo se presenta como familiarización con la tradición, la cual se ejemplifica en el texto con la teoría de la reminiscencia platónica, sino también bajo la forma del rompimiento inherente a dicha familiarización. Por tanto, el artículo busca presentar el saber y el hacer filosófico desde una visión hermenéutica, lo que de suyo implica concebirlo como una acción dialógica mediante la cual se estimula el hacer filosófico como recuerdo, es decir, no sólo como mera aprehensión de conceptos e instauración de verdades totalizantes, sino como praxis humana, que es donde la filosofía y, en suma, la experiencia hermenéutica, encuentran su verdadero topos. (shrink)

Nietzsche is reflection on art extends throughout his philosophical work. From the early claim of an "artist is metaphysics" to the late considerations that see in art the privileged form of the Will to Power, Nietzsche makes his attempt to overcome western metaphysics to depend on a particular onto..

El debate entre la filosofía hermenéutica de Hans Georg Gadamer y la deconstrucción de Jacques Derrida está lejos de haber concluido. A la luz de Carneros, el texto poco estudiado aún de la conferencia leída por Derrida en memoria de Gadamer, pretendemos reanudar aquí el intenso diálogo entre estos dos pensadores emblemáticos de la filosofía continental de finales del siglo pasado. Partiendo de las distintas significaciones que en cada caso toman nociones como ‘diálogo’ o ‘mundo’, pero también de la manera (...) diversa como cada uno de ellos interpreta la filosofía platónica o la poesía de Paul Celan, nos proponemos iluminar el profundo desacuerdo ontológico y ético que existe entre las dos propuestas. La cuestión del otro, central para ambos autores, se mostrará al final como el punto donde se condensan y agudizan las tensiones entre ellos. (shrink)

It is commonly argued that Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics rests upon a criticism of the method of natural sciences that, by establishing a monopoly of what might be deemed as true knowledge, would exclude different forms of non-scientific experiences of truth. Thus, the article aims first at examining this assumption based on an analysis of his hermeneutic dialectics and ontology of language, which he develops in the third part of Truth and Method. This analysis reveals that his criticism of scientific method (...) rests upon the idea that the being is related to the happening of meaning and of human beings as individuals whose understanding of the world is questioned and caused by such happening. These ontological approaches make possible to characterize what might be thetrue method of thinking and access to truth. Secondly, the article aims at identifying three methodologicalprinciples that would guide a genuine exercise of hermeneutic thinking: a) The principle of determining the topos of understanding, which demands to reveal the relations of meaning that connect us to what we desire to understand; b) Principle of correction, which makes possible that understanding continuously “improves” both our interpretations and self-descriptions that actors provide of their own actions; and c) Principle of sensitivity towards happening, which demands to carefully listen to every possible relation of meaning that shape phenomena, as well as to the variations and mutations of meaning they experience. (shrink)

Nietzsche's reflection on art extends throughout his philosophical work. From the early claim of an “artist's metaphysics” to the late considerations that see in art the privileged form of the Will to Power, Nietzsche makes his attempt to overcome western metaphysics to depend on a particular ontological conception of the artistic fact. This ontological aestheticism, of enormous influence in current philosophical trends, has been the subject of various comments and criticisms. Less interest has raised instead the analysis of the implications (...) that this long nietzschean meditation concerning art can have in the interior of the aesthetic field itself: what is the specificity of art compared with other fields of human action? What results for the individual and for culture from the encounter with the phenomenon of art? This article constitutes a first attempt to answer these questions. Its analysis focuses in The Birth of Tragedy and, to a lesser extent, in the physiology of art found in the Twilight of the Idols. The article's central thesis defends that, according to Nietzsche, the aesthetical experience is essentially an experience of knowledge, a type of knowledge that gives access to truth. (shrink)

Com este trabalho pretende dar-se um panorama do que foi a actividade científica, no domínio da Matemática e das ciências que lhe andavam ligadas (Geografia, Astronomia, Mecânica), no grande centro cultural que foi o Museu e a Biblioteca de Alexandria, nos tempos áureos e até ao declínio definitivo da ciência nesse espaço. Pretende-se igualmente sublinhar as descobertas e progressos que abriram caminho para posteriores estádios de desenvolvimento da Matemática, assim como dar conta do cruzamento de saberes e da grande mobilidade (...) de cientistas matemáticos e relações entre si, alguns provenientes de muitos espaços e sediados em Alexandria, outros formados em Alexandria e regressados ao seu espaço de origem. (shrink)

Largamente desatendida o malinterpretada, la noción de caos en la filosofía de Nietzsche es una pieza constitutiva de la particular concepción del ser que este autor habría dejado apenas esbozada. El artículo se propone elaborar este concepto en la obra nietzscheana, siguiendo algunas de las metáforas que lo iluminan (las estrellas,el texto y el mundo). Desde allí se busca plantear los rasgos centrales de una ontología del caos, de sesgo no metafísico, que, al afirmar el carácter acontecimental de larealidad, puede (...) verse como precursora de la ontología hermenéutica contemporánea. (shrink)

This article critiques Oritsegbubemi Anthony Oyowe’s “Ontology, Realism and the Persistence of Ancestral Persons” response to Katrina Flikschuh’s “The Arc of Personhood” argument on the theoretical grounding of ancestors in Ifeanyi Menkiti’s work. Flikschuh argues that ancestors are uncertain and redundant such that one can only account for them practically. Contrastingly, Oyowe defends Menkiti’s concept of ancestors as social kinds in his innovative attempt to theoretically ground them. The article argues that the dialogue between these thinkers reflects an exogenous reading (...) of African experiential reality, effectively lending itself to epistemic erasure. In the end, the existence of ancestors is ambiguous at best in both their accounts. The article first questions Flikschuh’s view and suggests that it is paradigmatic of white solipsism. Thereafter, the article contends that while Oyowe’s social ontology injunction challenges Western realism, he fails to account for mind-independent ancestral persons. In the end, he only partially captures African experiential reality, thereby reflecting Western ways of being. (shrink)