Results for ' developing countries'

976 found
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  1.  86
    Responsible Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Understanding the Realities and Complexities.Fara Azmat & Ramanie Samaratunge - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 90 (3):437-452.
    Developing countries have recently experienced a burgeoning of small-scale individual entrepreneurs (SIEs) – who range from petty traders to personal service workers like small street vendors, barbers and owners of small shops – as a result of market-based reforms, rapid urbanisation, unemployment, landlessness and poverty. While SIEs form a major part of the informal workforce in developing countries and contribute significantly to economic growth, their potential is being undermined when they engage in irresponsible and deceptive business (...)
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  2. SMEs and CSR in Developing Countries.Søren Jeppesen, Peter Lund-Thomsen & Dima Jamali - 2017 - Business and Society 56 (1):11-22.
    This article is the guest editors’ introduction to the special issue in Business & Society on “SMEs and CSR in Developing Countries.” The special issue includes four original research articles by Hamann, Smith, Tashman, and Marshall; Allet; Egels-Zandén; and Puppim de Oliveira and Jabbour on various aspects of the relationship of small and medium enterprises to corporate social responsibility in developing countries.
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  3.  10
    Trade Policy in Developing Countries.Edward F. Buffie - 2001 - Cambridge University Press.
    Trade Policy in Developing Countries is aimed at academics, graduate students and professional, policy-oriented economists. It is the first work in the field to analyze trade policy in an integrated theoretical framework based on optimizing dynamic models that pay careful attention to the structural features of developing country economies. Following a thorough critique of the debate on inward- vs. outward-oriented trade regimes, Buffie examines the main issues of concern to less developed countries in the areas of (...)
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  4. Recommending Euthanasia for a Developing Country.Bolatito A. Lanre-Abass - 2008 - Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics 18 (5):152-156.
    Nigeria is developing country where the practice of euthanasia is not legalized. But a look at the socio-economic conditions of Nigeria calls for the need to legalize the practice in this country. This paper examines the features of this country such as poverty, endemic diseases and a low level of investment in healthcare systems . It argues for the need to legalize euthanasia by justifying it as a policy and practice and identifying factors which are to be taken into (...)
     
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  5.  31
    How Does CSR Affect Developing Countries?: The Case of CSR in Viet Nam.Antonio Tencati, Angeloantonio Russo & Victoria Quaglia - 2008 - Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 19:269-281.
    This paper investigates the influence of the increasingly sustainable sourcing policies of many multinational companies on suppliers located in developing countries. Our research was conducted in Viet Nam and involved 25 Vietnamese enterprises. The results reveal, on the one hand, how CSR makes business sense even in a developing country and, on the other hand, the difficulties of maintaining sustainability as products move from northern consumers to Vietnamese suppliers. In more detail, we highlight the unsustainable process through (...)
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  6.  20
    Developing Countries and Human Rights (1994).Liu Nanlai - 2001 - In Stephen C. Angle & Marina Svensson, Chinese Human Rights Reader. M. E. Sharpe. pp. 396.
  7.  38
    Women in developing countries and benefit sharing.Fatima Alvarez-Castillo & Dafna Feinholz - 2006 - Developing World Bioethics 6 (3):113–121.
    The aim of this paper is to show that any process of benefit sharing that does not guarantee the representation and participation of women in the decision-making process, as well as in the distribution of benefits, contravenes a central demand of social justice. It is argued that women, particularly in developing countries, can be excluded from benefits derived from genetic research because of existing social structures that promote and maintain discrimination. The paper describes how the structural problem of (...)
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  8.  24
    Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Country Multinationals: Identifying Company and Country-Level Influences.Lutz Preuss, Ralf Barkemeyer & Ante Glavas - 2016 - Business Ethics Quarterly 26 (3):347-378.
    ABSTRACT:The extant literature on cross-national differences in approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR) has mostly focused on developed countries. Instead, we offer two inter-related studies into corporate codes of conduct issued by developing country multinational enterprises (DMNEs). First, we analyse code adoption rates and code content through a mixed methods design. Second, we use multilevel analyses to examine country-level drivers of differences in code content—specifically, elements of a country’s National Business System (NBS). We find that DMNEs are much (...)
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  9.  34
    CSR Institutionalized Myths in Developing Countries: An Imminent Threat of Selective Decoupling.Navjote Khara, Peter Lund-Thomsen & Dima Jamali - 2017 - Business and Society 56 (3):454-486.
    This article examines joint action initiatives among small- and medium-sized enterprises in the manufacturing industries in developing countries in the context of the ascendancy of corporate social responsibility and the proliferation of a variety of international accountability tools and standards. Through empirical fieldwork in the football manufacturing industry of Jalandhar in North India, the article documents how local cluster-based SMEs stay coupled with the global CSR agenda through joint CSR initiatives focusing on child labor. Probing further, however, also (...)
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  10. A developing country response to Lavery et al. "In global health research, is it legitimate to stop clinical trials early on account of their opportunity costs?".Douglas R. Wassenaar & Gita Ramjee - 2009 - BMC Medical Ethics 10 (1):16-.
    BackgroundA recent paper presents an argument and mechanism for the possible stopping of clinical trials early based on opportunity costs.DiscussionAlthough we agree that the costs and opportunity costs of clinical trials need to be reduced wherever possible, we raise concerns about the motivation and mechanism for stopping clinical trials early raised by Lavery et al.SummaryWe argue that there are already enough acceptable criteria and actors in the clinical trials arena to justify early stoppage of clinical trials, and argue that factors (...)
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  11. Exploitation and developing countries: The ethics of clinical research.Jennifer S. Hawkins & Ezekiel J. Emanuel - 2008 - Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton Univ Pr.
    This book was inspired originally by the debates at the turn of the century about placebo controlled trials of antiretrovirals in HIV positive pregnant women in developing countries. Moving forward from this one limited example, the book includes several additional controversial cases of clinical research conducted in developing countries, and asks probing philosophical questions about the ethics of such trials. All clinical research by its very nature uses people to acquire generalizable knowledge to help future people. (...)
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  12.  94
    Nurse Practitioners in Developing Countries: Some Ethical Considerations.Ruth Stark, N. V. K. Nair & Shigeru Omi - 1999 - Nursing Ethics 6 (4):273-277.
    One of the principles of health care ethics is the principle of justice. An important expression of justice is equity. The provision of basic primary health care services to all people is the key to eliminating the gross inequities in health status existing in many countries. For many years nurses in developing countries have ‘led the way’ in bringing these essential services to poor rural communities, including the diagnosis and treatment of illnesses, and the prescribing and dispensing (...)
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  13. Corporate governance reforms in developing countries.Darryl Reed - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 37 (3):223 - 247.
    Corporate governance reforms are occurring in countries around the globe. In developing countries, such reforms occur in a context that is primarily defined by previous attempts at promoting "development" and recent processes of economic globalization. This context has resulted in the adoption of reforms that move developing countries in the direction of an Anglo-American model of governance. The most basic questions that arise with respect to these governance reforms are what prospects they entail for traditional (...)
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  14.  97
    Resource extraction industries in developing countries.Darryl Reed - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 39 (3):199 - 226.
    Over the last one hundred and fifty years, the extraction and processing of non-renewable resources has provided the basis for the three industrial revolutions that have led to the modern economies of the developed world. In the process, the nature of resource extraction firms has also changed dramatically, from small-scale operations exploiting easily accessible deposits to large, vertically integrated, capital intensive transnational corporations characterized by oligopolistic competition. In the last ten to fifteen years, coinciding with processes of economic globalization, another (...)
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  15. Ecological sustainability in a developing country such as South Africa? A philosophical and ethical inquiry.Johan P. Hattingh & Robin Attfield - unknown
    The original publication is available at www.tandfonline.com.
     
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  16. Emergence of bioethics: A developing-country perspective.B. O. Osuntokun - 1995 - In Zbigniew Bańkowski & John H. Bryant, Poverty, vulnerability, the value of human life, and the emergence of bioethics: highlights and papers of the XXVIIIth CIOMS Conference, Ixtapa, Guerrero State, Mexico, 17-20 April 1994. Geneva: CIOMS. pp. 28--108.
     
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  17. The perspective of a developing country in sub-Saharan Africa.B. O. Osuntokun - 1995 - In Zbigniew Bańkowski & John H. Bryant, Poverty, vulnerability, the value of human life, and the emergence of bioethics: highlights and papers of the XXVIIIth CIOMS Conference, Ixtapa, Guerrero State, Mexico, 17-20 April 1994. Geneva: CIOMS. pp. 28--215.
     
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  18.  47
    Women farmers in developed countries: a literature review.Jennifer A. Ball - 2020 - Agriculture and Human Values 37 (1):147-160.
    Very little research into women farmers in developed countries has been produced by economists, but much of what has been studied by scholars in other disciplines has economic implications. This article reviews such research produced by scholars in all disciplines to explore to what extent women farmers are becoming more equal to men farmers and to suggest further contributions to the literature. As examples, topics that has been widely researched in developing countries but have received almost no (...)
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  19.  32
    Small Business and Social Irresponsibility in Developing Countries: Working Conditions and “Evasion” Institutional Work.Chris Rees, Laura J. Spence & Vivek Soundararajan - 2018 - Business and Society 57 (7):1301-1336.
    Small businesses in developing countries, as part of global supply chains, are sometimes assumed to respond in a straightforward manner to institutional demands for improved working conditions. This article problematizes this perspective. Drawing upon extensive qualitative data from Tirupur’s knitwear export industry in India, we highlight owner-managers’ agency in avoiding or circumventing these demands. The small businesses here actively engage in irresponsible business practices and “evasion” institutional work to disrupt institutional demands in three ways: undermining assumptions and values, (...)
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  20.  36
    Providing ethical guidance for collaborative research in developing countries.Nina Morris - 2015 - Research Ethics 11 (4):211-235.
    Experience has shown that the application of ethical guidelines developed for research in developed countries to research in developing countries can be, and often is, impractical and raises a number of contentious issues. Various attempts have been made to provide guidelines more appropriate to the developing world context; however, to date these efforts have been dominated by the fields of bioscience, medical research and nutrition. There is very little advice available for those seeking to undertake collaborative (...)
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  21.  17
    Teenage pregnancy in developing countries.Lars Engstrom - 1978 - Journal of Biosocial Science 10 (S5):117-126.
  22.  45
    Health Priorities in Developing Countries.Yvette M. Delph - 1993 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 21 (1):16-22.
    Developing countries are faced with the mutually perpetuating obstacles of poverty and inadequate development. Their needs are often so vast that their scarce resources prove too meager even to begin to address the problems.It is estimated that close to 2.2 billion people live in a state of severe poverty. The precarious housing and health of these people, 60 percent of the population of developing countries, are compounded by hunger and dangerous environmental conditions. Generally, they have large (...)
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  23.  64
    Microbicide research in developing countries: have we given the ethical concerns due consideration?Keymanthri Moodley - 2007 - BMC Medical Ethics 8 (1):1-7.
    Background HIV prevention research has been fraught with ethical concerns since its inception. These concerns were highlighted during HIV vaccine research and have been elaborated in microbicide research. A host of unique ethical concerns pervade the microbicide research process from trial design to post-trial microbicide availability. Given the urgency of research and development in the face of the devastating HIV pandemic, these ethical concerns represent an enormous challenge for investigators, sponsors and Research Ethics Committees (RECs) both locally and internationally. Discussion (...)
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  24.  32
    CSR Initiatives of Japanese Multinational Enterprises in a Developing Country: Cases from the Philippines.Mari Kondo - 2007 - Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 18:179-182.
    Almost no literature exists, both in Japanese and English, when it comes to the CSR activities of Japanese MNEs operating outside Japan, especially in developing countries. This exploratory research will try to fill this gap of literature by examining CSR activities of Japanese MNEs in one of the developing Asian countries, the Philippines.
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  25. Ethical approval in developing countries is not optional.Edwin R. van Teijlingen & Padam P. Simkhada - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (7):428-430.
    When conducting health and medical research it is important to do the research ethically and to apply for prior ethical approval from the relevant authorities. The latter requirement is true for developed countries as well as developing countries. The authors argue that simply applying for research ethics approval from an institutional review board at a university based in a developed country is not enough to start a health research project in a developing country. The paper also (...)
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  26.  27
    Policy-making in developing countries: from prediction to planning.Attilia Ruzzene - 2015 - Journal of Economic Methodology 22 (3):264-279.
    The claim that randomized controlled trials can improve policy-making in developing countries seemed to be severely challenged by the widespread belief that RCTs lack external validity. This belief led to the articulation of strategies to alleviate this problem which developed under the assumption that policy-making in developing countries can be best understood as a problem of prediction. The causal structures that characterize developing contexts, however, render this framing inadequate. I propose to understand policy-making in (...) contexts as a planning process. In this new framework, the relevance of several kinds of evidence is highlighted and the role of causal effects refocused. Interestingly, also the concern for the external validity of causal effects seems now less forceful than the critics of RCTs suggest. (shrink)
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  27.  70
    Under-representation of developing countries in the research literature: ethical issues arising from a survey of five leading medical journals.Athula Sumathipala, Sisira Siribaddana & Vikram Patel - 2004 - BMC Medical Ethics 5 (1):1-6.
    Background It is widely acknowledged that there is a global divide on health care and health research known as the 10/90 divide. Methods A retrospective survey of articles published in the BMJ, Lancet, NEJM, Annals of Internal Medicine & JAMA in a calendar year to examine the contribution of the developing world to medical literature. We categorized countries into four regions: UK, USA, Other Euro-American countries (OEAC) and (RoW). OEAC were European countries other than the UK (...)
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  28.  71
    Business Ethics in Developing Countries.G. J. Rossouw - 1994 - Business Ethics Quarterly 4 (1):43-51.
    Underlying this paper is the conviction that it is of utmost importance that business ethics should indeed become an integral part of business culture in all, and therefore also in developing countries. It is not to be denied that business ethics has to a much larger extent become part of the business culture in developed countries than in developing countries. In this paper, I first of all wish to provide an explanation for the fact that (...)
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  29.  26
    Quantifying developing country research capacity in the areas of malaria, schistosomiasis, and leprosy.Esther K. Hicks, Pepin Cabo & Floor Rikken - 1993 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 6 (3-4):79-98.
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  30. Less developed countries as a moral issue-risky assignments of guilt and responsibility.H. Schoeck - 1973 - Humanitas 9 (2):207-215.
     
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  31.  28
    The virtual Colombo plan: Implications for developing countries.Emma Rooksby - 2004 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 2 (3):169-178.
    This paper considers the available documentation on the Virtual Colombo Plan, launched by the World Bank and the Australian Government in 2001. The Plan is one of the World Bank’s key projects for encouraging greater use of information and communications technologies in developing countries, with a focus on the using ICTs for education, as well as for economic benefits.
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  32. Human-milk banking: developing country concerns.I. Narayanan, M. Carballo, R. E. Jones, D. Munyakho, R. A. Bell, H. Marcovitch, G. Perez-Palacios, J. Garza-Flores, D. R. Mattison & K. Kozlowski - 1989 - Journal of Biosocial Science 21 (1):298-302.
     
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  33.  26
    Global Economic Integration in Developing Countries: The Role of Corruption and Human Capital Investment.Charles E. Bryant & Rajshekhar G. Javalgi - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 136 (3):437-450.
    Globalization is multifaceted and involves the interaction among businesses, services, governments, and societies beyond national borders. As a result, the flow of foreign direct investment, international trade in goods and services, and the economic interdependence of the nations of the world have been increasing. At the same time, much attention has been paid to the effect of corruption prevalent within many cultures and societies, and its impact on the economies, especially developing economies. This paper examines the relationship between human (...)
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  34.  61
    Social Standards: Toward an Active Ethical Involvement of Businesses in Developing Countries.Thomas Beschorner & Martin Müller - 2006 - Journal of Business Ethics 73 (1):11-20.
    As a consequence of the changing conditions of doing business, we can observe the emergence of an increasing number of industrial and company-specific codes of conduct, as well as social and environmental standards. This paper considers these initiatives as being self-regulating governance mechanisms, which are characterized by a process of voluntary adherence on the part of firms to certain mechanisms or principles that seek to promote a “good society.” Two specific internationally established standards are discussed: Social Accountability 8000 and AccountAbility (...)
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  35.  33
    The Corporate Social Performance of Developing Country Multinationals.Stelios Zyglidopoulos, Peter Williamson & Pavlos Symeou - 2016 - Business Ethics Quarterly 26 (3):379-406.
    ABSTRACT:In this article, we explore the Corporate Social Performance (CSP) of Developing Country Multinationals (DMNCs). We argue that in competing internationally, DMNCs often face both reputation and legitimacy deficits, which they address by improving their CSP. We develop a series of hypotheses to explain the variation in CSP between DMNCs and domestic-only firms from developing countries and also examine variations in CSP between DMNCs depending on the extent of their multinationality and portfolio of host countries. Our (...)
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  36.  9
    Human population genetic research in developing countries: the issue of group protection.Yue Wang - 2014 - London: Routledge.
    Human population genetic research (HPGR) seeks to identify the diversity and variation of the human genome and how human group and individual genetic diversity has developed. This book asks whether developing countries are well prepared for the ethical and legal conduct of human population genetic research, with specific regard to vulnerable target group protection. The book highlights particular issues raised by genetic research on populations as a whole, such as the capacity for current frameworks of Western developed (...) to provide adequate protections for target groups in human population genetic research, and explores potential groups of people that may suffer harm in this kind of research. Using The People's Republic of China as a key example, Yue Wang argues that since the target groups of HPGR are almost always vulnerable groups from isolated and rural areas of developing countries, the ethical and legal frameworks for human subject protection need to be reconsidered in order to eliminate, or at least reduce, the vulnerability of those groups. While most research in this field focuses on the impact on individuals, this book breaks new ground in exploring how the interests of target groups are also seriously implicated in genetic work. The book argues that current regulations are far from sufficient to prevent harm to vulnerable groups and puts forward an alternative model for group protection in the context of human population genetic research in developing countries. The book will be of great interest to students and academics of medical law, ethics, and the implications of genetic research. (shrink)
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  37.  39
    Intellectual Property Rights And Developing Countries.Arif Hossain & Shamima Parvin Lasker - 2012 - Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 1 (3):43-46.
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  38.  37
    Developing countries: whose views?M. H. Kottow - 1995 - Journal of Medical Ethics 21 (1):56-56.
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  39.  24
    Corporate Social Innovation in Developing Countries.Ayse Saka-Helmhout, Maryse M. H. Chappin & Suzana B. Rodrigues - 2021 - Journal of Business Ethics 181 (3):589-605.
    Although corporate social innovation studies in developing countries acknowledge the importance of firm resources and capabilities for attaining social goals, they overlook the way in which these interact with broader institutions to generate successful outcomes. We address this gap by exploring the relationship between firm resources-capabilities and institutions that is conducive to meeting both business and social interests in developing countries. By employing a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis of corporate social innovation projects performed by joint ventures (...)
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  40.  20
    Exploring the relationship between employees’ CSR perceptions and intention to emigrate: Evidence from a developing country.Sonja Grabner-Kräuter, Robert J. Breitenecker & Festim Tafolli - 2020 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 30 (3):87-102.
    This study contributes to the burgeoning research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) at the individual level of analysis, in a hitherto largely neglected developing country context. Using survey information collected from 297 employees in public and private enterprises in Kosovo, this study examines how and to what extent employees’ perceptions of their employer's CSR activities are associated with their intention to emigrate. Applying a needs‐based framework, this research provides evidence that employees’ perceptions of CSR are positively related to the (...)
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  41.  54
    Bioethics in developing countries: ethics of scarcity and sacrifice.C. Olweny - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (3):169-174.
    Contemporary issues such as euthanasia, surrogate motherhood, organ transplantation and gene therapy, which occupy the minds of ethicists in the industrialized countries are, for the moment, irrelevant in most developing countries. There, the ethics of scarcity, sacrifice, cross-cultural research, as well as the activities of multinational companies, are germane. In this article, only the ethics of scarcity and sacrifice will be discussed. Structural adjustment programmes, designed to solve the economic problems of the developing countries, muddied (...)
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  42.  18
    What small businesses in developing country think of cybersecurity risks in the digital age: Indonesian case.Ratna Yudhiyati, Afrida Putritama & Diana Rahmawati - 2021 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 19 (4):446-462.
    Purpose This study aims to identify and analyse the issues faced by internet-based small businesses in developing countries regarding cybersecurity and document how these businesses address the risks. Design/methodology/approach This study used the qualitative method. Respondents were internet-based small businesses selected by using theoretical sampling. Data were collected by using interviews and observations. The validity of the analysis was ensured by using triangulation and member checking. Findings This study reveals that small businesses managed to identify the loss of (...)
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  43.  91
    Business Ethics in Developing Countries.Michael Schwartz - 1996 - Business Ethics Quarterly 6 (1):111-116.
    “Business Ethics in Developing Countries: A Response to Rossouw” examines Gedeon J. Rossouw’s account of business morality and those preconditions that he seeks in order to develop a moral business culture in South Africa, given the historical reality in that country. The paper argues that Rossouw does not take cognisance of history. Particularly of the decade after the election of the Nationalist Party Government in 1948, when that government strove to impose its ideology upon South African Society. If (...)
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  44.  98
    Emerging technologies and developing countries: Stem cell research regulation and Argentina.Shawn H. E. Harmon - 2007 - Developing World Bioethics 8 (2):138-150.
    ABSTRACTGiven its intimate relationship with the human body and its environment, biotechnology innovation, and more particularly stem cell research innovations as a part thereof, implicate diverse social and moral/ethical issues. This paper explores some of the most important and controversial moral concerns raised by human embryonic stem cell research , focusing on concerns relating to the wellbeing of the embryo and the wellbeing of society . It then considers how and whether these concerns are dealt with in regulatory instruments in (...)
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  45.  51
    The Integration of Developing Countries into International Financial Markets.Bernhard Emunds - 2003 - Business Ethics Quarterly 13 (3):337-359.
    In this paper the co-responsibility of the North for the development of the South, the chance of an authentic developmentand Rawls’s maximin rule are indicated as the ethical perspectives from which the financial integration of developing countries will beevaluated. It follows a brief economic analysis of possible problems of high inflows of portfolio investments for developing countries. They become more vulnerable to financial and monetary crises and their domestic banking systems are weakened by a higher risk (...)
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  46.  53
    The perspectives of researchers on obtaining informed consent in developing countries.Sam K. Newton & John Appiah-Poku - 2006 - Developing World Bioethics 7 (1):19–24.
    ABSTRACT Background: The doctrine of informed consent (IC) exists to protect individuals from exploitation or harm. This study into IC was carried out to investigate how different researchers perceived the process whereby researchers obtained consent. It also examined researchers’ perspectives on what constituted IC, and how different settings influenced the process. Methods: The study recorded in‐depth interviews with 12 lecturers and five doctoral students, who had carried out research in developing countries, at a leading school of public health (...)
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  47.  31
    Research in Developing Countries.Florencia Luna - 2007 - In Bonnie Steinbock, The Oxford handbook of bioethics. New York: Oxford University Press.
    This article examines the problems that research ethics confronts in developing countries and the impact that research in developing countries has had on research ethics. In order to show this it analyzes the first paradigmatic cases that gave rise to the ‘classic’ analysis of research ethics. Hence, in this article, many of the ethical concerns apply wherever research is conducted and are not particular to developing countries. Secondly, the article describes the complex process of (...)
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  48.  34
    Sharing the Knowledge: Sharing Aggregate Genomic Findings with Research Participants in Developing Countries.Angeliki Kerasidou - 2014 - Developing World Bioethics 15 (3):267-274.
    Returning research results to participants is recognised as an obligation that researchers should always try to fulfil. But can we ascribe the same obligation to researchers who conduct genomics research producing only aggregated findings? And what about genomics research conducted in developing countries? This paper considers Beskow's et al. argument that aggregated findings should also be returned to research participants. This recommendation is examined in the context of genomics research conducted in developing countries. The risks and (...)
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  49. Philosophy for Children in Developing Countries: The Philippine Experience.John J. Holder Jr - 1988 - Analytic Teaching and Philosophical Praxis 9 (2).
    In this paper I will explore three major issues that confront the implementation of Philosophy for Children in a developing country, using a recent project that I helped initiate in the Philippines as indicative of the importance of these issues. The three issues are: modification of the curriculum materials to meet cultural conditions ; differences in pedagogical methods, teacher expectations and classroom dynamics; and the affect of nationalism on attitudes towards educational curricula "imported" from the developed world. This third (...)
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  50.  43
    The future of innovation studies in less economically developed countries.Logan Da Williams & Thomas S. Woodson - 2012 - Minerva 50 (2):221-237.
    In this paper, we argue that there are patterns of innovation occurring in less economically developed countries (LEDCs) that have been historically overlooked by the innovation studies literature, including the literature on innovation systems and the triple helix. This paper briefly surveys cases in agriculture, banking, biomedicine and information and communications technologies that demonstrate organizational, scientific and technological innovation in Africa, South Asia, and Brazil. In particular, we track new developments in two distinctive patterns within LEDCs: (1) civil society (...)
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