Results for ' suppression'

978 found
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  1.  63
    Suppressing valid inferences with conditionals.Ruth M. J. Byrne - 1989 - Cognition 31 (1):61-83.
    Three experiments are reported which show that in certain contexts subjects reject instances of the valid modus ponens and modus tollens inference form in conditional arguments. For example, when a conditional premise, such as: If she meets her friend then she will go to a play, is accompanied by a conditional containing an additional requirement: If she has enough money then she will go to a play, subjects reject the inference from the categorical premise: She meets her friend, to the (...)
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  2.  41
    Suppression of novel stimuli: Changes in accessibility of suppressed nonverbalizable shapes.Rhiannon E. Hart & Jonathan W. Schooler - 2012 - Consciousness and Cognition 21 (3):1541-1546.
    Recently, a new method of considering successful intentional thought suppression has emerged. This method, the think/no-think paradigm has been utilized over a multitude of settings and has fairly robustly demonstrated the ability to interfere with memory recall. The following experiment examined the effect of intentional thought suppression on recognition memory of nonverbalizeable shapes. In this experiment, participants learned word–shape targets. For some of the pairs, they rehearsed the shape when presented with the word; for others, they suppressed the (...)
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  3.  37
    The Suppression of Inferences From Counterfactual Conditionals.Orlando Espino & Ruth M. J. Byrne - 2020 - Cognitive Science 44 (4):e12827.
    We examine two competing effects of beliefs on conditional inferences. The suppression effect occurs for conditionals, for example, “if she watered the plants they bloomed,” when beliefs about additional background conditions, for example, “if the sun shone they bloomed” decrease the frequency of inferences such as modus tollens (from “the plants did not bloom” to “therefore she did not water them”). In contrast, the counterfactual elevation effect occurs for counterfactual conditionals, for example, “if she had watered the plants they (...)
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  4.  13
    Tremor-Suppression Orthoses for the Upper Limb: Current Developments and Future Challenges.Hoai Son Nguyen & Trieu Phat Luu - 2021 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.
    Introduction: Pathological tremor is the most common motor disorder in adults and characterized by involuntary, rhythmic muscular contraction leading to shaking movements in one or more parts of the body. Functional Electrical Stimulation and biomechanical loading using wearable orthoses have emerged as effective and non-invasive methods for tremor suppression. A variety of upper-limb orthoses for tremor suppression have been introduced; however, a systematic review of the mechanical design, algorithms for tremor extraction, and the experimental design is still missing.Methods: (...)
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  5.  26
    The suppressive power of positive thinking: Aiding suppression-induced forgetting in repressive coping.Paula Hertel & Leda McDaniel - 2010 - Cognition and Emotion 24 (7):1239-1249.
    Participants scoring high and low on a measure of repressive coping style (Mendolia, 2002) first learned a series of related word pairs (cue–target). Half of the cues were homographs. In the subsequent think/no-think phase (Anderson & Green, 2001), they responded with targets on some trials and suppressed thoughts of targets on others. Suppressed targets were always emotionally negative, as were targets associated with baseline cues reserved for the final test. Some participants were provided with emotionally benign or positive substitutes to (...)
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  6.  25
    The suppression task and first‐order predicate calculus.Miguel López-Astorga - 2023 - Theoria 89 (6):800-810.
    The suppression task challenges classical logic. Classical logic is monotonic. However, in the suppression task, an inference with the form of modus ponendo ponens is inhibited by adding a new premise. Several explanations have been given to account for this fact. The present paper indicates three of them as examples: that of the theory of mental models, that based on logic programming and closed world assumption, and that referring to Carnap's concept of state‐descriptions. Besides, the paper offers one (...)
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  7.  14
    (1 other version)Beyond Suppressing Testosterone: A Categorical System to Achieve a “Level Playing Field” in Sport.Katerina Jennings & Esther Braun - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (11):4-17.
    Regulations implemented by World Athletics (WA) require female athletes with differences of sexual development to suppress their blood testosterone levels in order to participate in certain women’s sporting competitions. These regulations have been justified by reference to fairness. In this paper, we reconstruct WA’s understanding of fairness, which requires a “level playing field” where no athlete should have a significant performance advantage based on factors other than talent, dedication, and hard work over an average athlete in their category. We demonstrate (...)
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  8.  86
    The suppression of modus ponens as a case of pragmatic preconditional reasoning.Jean-Francois Bonnefon & Denis J. Hilton - 2002 - Thinking and Reasoning 8 (1):21 – 40.
    The suppression of the Modus Ponens inference is described as a loss of confidence in the conclusion C of an argument ''If A1 then C; If A2 then C; A1'' where A2 is a requirement for C to happen. It is hypothesised that this loss of confidence is due to the derivation of the conversational implicature ''there is a chance that A2 might not be satisfied'', and that different syntactic introductions of the requirement A2 (e.g., ''If C then A2'') (...)
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  9. Thought Suppression and Mental.Daniel M. Wegner - unknown
    Consciously attempting not to think about something is a mental control strategy known as thought suppression. This strategy can be successful under certain conditions, but it often promotes an increase in the accessibility of the thought to consciousness, and along with this, a number of ironic processes and unwanted effects.
     
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  10. Thought Suppression.Daniel M. Wegner - unknown
    Key Words mental control, intrusive thought, rebound effect, ironic processes Abstract Although thought suppression is a popular form of mental control, research has indicated that it can be counterproductive, helping assure the very state of mind one had hoped to avoid. This chapter reviews the research on suppression, which spans a wide range of domains, including emotions, memory, interpersonal processes, psychophysiological reactions, and psychopathology. The chapter considers the relevant methodological and theoretical issues and suggests directions for future research.
     
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  11.  50
    Suppression of valid inferences: syntactic views, mental models, and relative salience.David Chan & Fookkee Chua - 1994 - Cognition 53 (3):217-238.
    Byrne has demonstrated that although subjects can make deductively valid inferences of the modus ponens and modus tollens forms, these valid inferences can be suppressed by presenting an appropriate additional premise “If R then Q” with the original conditional “If P then Q”. This suppression effect challenges the assumption of all syntactic theories of conditional reasoning that formal rules of inference such as modus ponens is part of mental logic. This paper argues that both the syntactic and the mental (...)
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  12.  13
    Suppression and Memory for Childhood Traumatic Events: Trauma Symptoms and Non‐Disclosure.Yuerui Wu, Dana Hartman, Yan Wang, Deborah Goldfarb & Gail S. Goodman - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):718-730.
    Self-reported lost memory of child sexual abuse (CSA) can be mistaken for “repressed memory.” Based on our longitudinal studies of memory and disclosure in child maltreatment victims who are now adults, we discuss findings relevant to “repressed memory cases.” We examined relations between self-report of temporarily lost memory of CSA (subjective forgetting) and memory accuracy for maltreatment-related experiences (objective memory). Across two studies involving separate samples, we find evidence for memory suppression rather than repression: (1) Most adults who claimed (...)
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  13. Conditionals, Context, and the Suppression Effect.Fabrizio Cariani & Lance J. Rips - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (3):540-589.
    Modus ponens is the argument from premises of the form If A, then B and A to the conclusion B. Nearly all participants agree that the modus ponens conclusion logically follows when the argument appears in this Basic form. However, adding a further premise can lower participants’ rate of agreement—an effect called suppression. We propose a theory of suppression that draws on contemporary ideas about conditional sentences in linguistics and philosophy. Semantically, the theory assumes that people interpret an (...)
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  14.  22
    Suppressed Evidence.David Kyle Johnson - 2018-05-09 - In Robert Arp, Steven Barbone & Michael Bruce, Bad Arguments. Wiley. pp. 399–402.
    This chapter focuses on one of the common fallacies in Western philosophy called the suppressed evidence. This fallacy is as simple as it seems: one commits the fallacy when one presents evidence or an argument for a position but leaves out (or suppresses) relevant evidence that would weaken or show false one's conclusion. Suppression of evidence is commonly found in the (mis)presentation of statistics. Suppression of evidence is most common among conspiracy theorists. The fallacy of suppressing the evidence (...)
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  15.  30
    Suppressing Scientific Discourse on Vaccines? Self-perceptions of researchers and practitioners.Ety Elisha, Josh Guetzkow, Yaffa Shir-Raz & Natti Ronel - 2024 - HEC Forum 36 (1):71-89.
    The controversy over vaccines has recently intensified in the wake of the global COVID-19 pandemic, with calls from politicians, health professionals, journalists, and citizens to take harsh measures against so-called “anti-vaxxers,” while accusing them of spreading “fake news” and as such, of endangering public health. However, the issue of suppression of vaccine dissenters has rarely been studied from the point of view of those who raise concerns about vaccine safety. The purpose of the present study was to examine the (...)
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  16. Articulatory suppression effects on subjects with extended practice.J. Frieman, Cp Thompson & R. Vogl - 1989 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27 (6):531-532.
  17.  6
    Suppression‐Induced Forgetting as a Model for Repression.Ineke Wessel - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):731-751.
    The Think/No-Think (T/NT) task was designed to test whether the deliberate avoidance of retrieving a memory (i.e., suppression) hinders the subsequent recall of that memory. Forgetting effects obtained with the T/NT-task (Suppression-Induced Forgetting) are thought to result from memory inhibition: the deactivation of the representation of the to-be-suppressed memory. Memory inhibition can be specifically inferred from decreased performance on a test using Independent Probes—cues that are unrelated to the initial study phase in the T/NT-procedure. The present contribution explores (...)
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  18.  30
    Response suppression in perceptual defense.Robert B. Zajonc - 1962 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (3):206.
  19.  76
    Suppressing Synonymy with a Homonym: The Emergence of the Nomenclatural Type Concept in Nineteenth Century Natural History.Joeri Witteveen - 2016 - Journal of the History of Biology 49 (1):135-189.
    ‘Type’ in biology is a polysemous term. In a landmark article, Paul Farber (Journal of the History of Biology 9(1): 93–119, 1976) argued that this deceptively plain term had acquired three different meanings in early nineteenth century natural history alone. ‘Type’ was used in relation to three distinct type concepts, each of them associated with a different set of practices. Important as Farber’s analysis has been for the historiography of natural history, his account conceals an important dimension of early nineteenth (...)
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  20.  83
    Suppression of scientific research: Bahramdipity and nulltiple scientific discoveries.Toby J. Sommer - 2001 - Science and Engineering Ethics 7 (1):77-104.
    The fairy tale The Three Princes of Serendip can be taken to be allegorical of not only chance discovery (serendipity) but of other aspects of scientific discovery as well. Just as Horace Walpole coined serendipity, so can the term bahramdipity be derived from the tale and defined as the cruel suppression of a serendipitous discovery. Suppressed, unpublished discoveries are designated nulltiples. Several examples are presented to make the case that bahramdipity is an existent aspect of scientific discovery. Other examples (...)
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  21.  27
    Suppression of a possible spin-density wave transition in Cr2GaN by Ge doping.Yufeng Li, Jianzhong Liu, Wenhao Liu, Xiyu Zhu & Hai-Hu Wen - 2015 - Philosophical Magazine 95 (25):2831-2837.
  22.  56
    Interocular suppression prevents interference in a flanker task.Qiong Wu, Jonathan T. H. Lo Voi, Thomas Y. Lee, Melissa-Ann Mackie, Yanhong Wu & Jin Fan - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:152768.
    Executive control of attention refers to processes that detect and resolve conflict among competing thoughts and actions. Despite the high-level nature of this faculty, the role of awareness in executive control of attention is not well understood. In this study, we used interocular suppression to mask the flankers in an arrow flanker task, in which the flankers and the target arrow were presented simultaneously in order to elicit executive control of attention. Participants were unable to detect the flanker arrows (...)
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  23. Suppression of the ability of abrupt onsets to capture visual-attention.H. Koshino, Cb Warner & Jf Juola - 1991 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 29 (6):513-513.
  24. Suppressed evidence for ancient man in Mexico.V. Steen-McIntyre - 1998 - Nexus 5:47-51.
  25. Suppression of Regional Cerebral Blood during Emotional versus Higher Cognitive Implications for Interactions between Emotion and Cognition.Wayne C. Drevets & Marcus E. Raichle - 1998 - Cognition and Emotion 12 (3):353-385.
    Brain mapping studies using dynamic imaging methods demonstrate areas regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) decreases, as well as areas where increases, during performance of various experimental tasks. Task holds for both sets of cerebral blood flow changes (CBF), providing the opportunity to investigate areas that become and “activated” in the experimental condition relative to control state. Such data yield the intriguing observation that in areas in emotional processing, such as the amygdala, the posteromedial cortex, and the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, (...)
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  26.  33
    Operant suppression of electrodermal response rate as a function of punishment schedule.Andrew Crider, Gary E. Schwartz & David Shapiro - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 83 (2p1):333.
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  27.  10
    The suppression of N1 to predicted sounds depends on attention.Paris Tim, Kim Jeesun & Davis Chris - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  28. A suppression revisited : Jansenism, conservativsm, and the anti-Jesuit ordinances of 1828.Daniel J. Watkins - 2019 - In Mita Choudhury, Daniel J. Watkins & Dale K. Van Kley, Belief and politics in Enlightenment France: essays in honor of Dale K. Van Kley. [Liverpool, UK]: Liverpool University Press.
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  29. Chronic Thought Suppression.Daniel M. Wegner & Sophia Zanakos - unknown
    Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI), was I'ound to correlate with n>casurcs of obsessional thinking and depressive and anxious al'lect, t pridic( signs «I' clinical «hscssion ainong individuals prone (oward «h»c»»i«n >I (hi>>king, (« predict depression tive (h (», and to predict I''iilurc «I' electr«dermal responses to habituate am«ng pci>pic having emotional thoughts. The WBSI was inversely correlated with repression as assessed by the Repression-Sensitization Scale, and so tap» a trait that i» itc unlike rcprc»si«n:is traditi«n;illy c«nccivcd.
     
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  30. Suppressed Belief.Komarine Romdenh-Romluc - 2007 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 22 (1):17-24.
    Moran conceives of conscious belief as a conscious activity, rather than awareness of a mental state. Once conscious belief is understood in this way, the notion of suppressed belief becomes problematic. In this paper, I draw on the work of Merleau-Ponty to sketch an account of suppressed belief. I suggest that suppressed beliefs should not be understood as attitudes towards propositions. Instead, they should be conceived as ways of perceiving and interacting with the world that are out of keeping with (...)
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  31.  66
    Suppression of EEG gamma activity may cause the attentional blink.Jürgen Fell, Peter Klaver, Christian E. Elger & Guillén Fernández - 2002 - Consciousness and Cognition 11 (1):114-122.
    The attentional blink (AB) is an impairment of attention, which occurs when subjects have to report a target stimulus (T2) following a previous target (T1) with a short delay (up to 600 ms). Theories explaining the AB assume that processing of T2 is more vulnerable to decay or substitution, as long as attention is allocated to T1. Existing models of the AB, however, do not account for the fact that T2 detection accuracy reaches the minimum when T2 is presented after (...)
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  32. Articulatory suppression and phonological coding in sentence comprehension.V. Coltheart, Se Avons & J. Trollope - 1987 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25 (5):336-336.
  33.  27
    Suppressing Systemic Interference in fNIRS Monitoring of the Hemodynamic Cortical Response to Motor Execution and Imagery.Shijing Wu, Jun Li, Lantian Gao, Changshui Chen & Sailing He - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12:333988.
    Hemodynamic response to motor execution (ME) and motor imagery (MI) was investigated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We used a 31 channel fNIRS system which allows non-invasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation changes induced by cortical activation. Sixteen healthy subjects (mean-age 24.5 yeas) were recruited and the changes in concentration of hemoglobin were examined during right and left hand finger tapping tasks and kinesthetic MI. To suppress the systemic physiological interference, we developed a preprocessing procedure which prevents over-activated reporting in NIRS-SPM. (...)
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  34.  24
    Neural Suppression Elicited During Motor Imagery Following the Observation of Biological Motion From Point-Light Walker Stimuli.Alice Grazia, Michael Wimmer, Gernot R. Müller-Putz & Selina C. Wriessnegger - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.
    Introduction: Advantageous effects of biological motion detection, a low-perceptual mechanism that allows the rapid recognition and understanding of spatiotemporal characteristics of movement via salient kinematics information, can be amplified when combined with motor imagery, i.e., the mental simulation of motor acts. According to Jeannerod’s neurostimulation theory, asynchronous firing and reduction of mu and beta rhythm oscillations, referred to as suppression over the sensorimotor area, are sensitive to both MI and action observation of BM. Yet, not many studies investigated the (...)
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  35.  88
    The Suppression of Philosophy.A. P. Ogurtsov - 2000 - Russian Studies in Philosophy 39 (2):6-34.
    Stalinism is above all a regime, a personal power, an autocracy that repudiates democratic principles of social and political life, unifies culture, and embraces a repressive ideology formed around a mythological cult of a single person—the Master, and one value—Order. Here politics is replaced by intrigue, science—by servicing utilitarian and pragmatic ends, and philosophy—by the ideology of the ruling clique at the helm of a command-bureaucratic system, which also oppressed by the despotic will of the autocrat.
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  36.  50
    Continuous flash suppression reduces negative afterimages.Naotsugu Tsuchiya & Christof Koch - 2005 - Nature Neuroscience 8 (8):1096-1101.
    Illusions that produce perceptual suppression despite constant retinal input are used to manipulate visual consciousness. Here we report on a powerful variant of existing techniques, Continuous Flash Suppression. Distinct images flashed successively around 10 Hz into one eye reliably suppress an image presented to the other eye. Compared to binocular rivalry, the duration of perceptual suppression increased more than 10-fold. Using this tool we show that the strength of the negative afterimage of an adaptor was reduced by (...)
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  37. Voluntary involuntariness: Thought suppression and the regulation of the experience of will.Daniel M. Wegner & James A. K. Erskine - 2003 - Consciousness and Cognition 12 (4):684-694.
    Participants were asked to carry out a series of simple tasks while following mental control instructions. In advance of each task, they either suppressed thoughts of their intention to perform the task, concentrated on such thoughts, or monitored their thoughts without trying to change them. Suppression resulted in reduced reports of intentionality as compared to monitoring, and as compared to concentration. There was a weak trend for suppression to enhance reported intentionality for a repetition of the action carried (...)
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  38.  21
    Suppressed, Adopted and Invented Memories.Kari Syreeni - 2024 - Approaching Religion 14 (1):86-98.
    The Gospel of John reflects several layers of social memory and theological creativity concerning Jesus’s death. In the early material, there seems to be a suppressed awareness of Jesus’s fate and an unwillingness to unfold it in narrative form – something that recalls the hypothetical sayings gospel Q and the Gospel of Thomas. There is also a search for alternative, figurative ways to visualize the endpoint of Jesus’s earthly life. Eventually, the narrative memory of Jesus’s passion, as told in Mark (...)
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  39.  9
    Suppressed science: radiation, global warming, alternative health & healing..Jack Phillips - 2006 - Washington D.C.: American Free Press.
    Are cures for cancer being suppressed by the mainstream medical profession to protect corporate profits? Is what we are being told about global warming true, or is there a hidden agenda? How many alternative scientific theories and 'fringe' practitioners have been suppressed by the power elite to maintain their stranglehold on what, and what not, the American public is allowed to know?In Suppressed Science: Radiation, Global Warming, Alzheimer's, Grizzly Bears, Crop Circles and More, chemical engineer, amateur climatologist, author, AMERICAN FREE (...)
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  40.  36
    Of doubting Thomas: The suppressed Christian tradition: An interview with Elaine pagels.Rachael Kohn - 2004 - Sophia 43 (2):105-117.
    The 1945 discovery of ancient documents at Nag Hammadi in Egypt would have great significance for New Testament scholars. But it would take decades, and one woman, to unleash their meaning to the public. In the 1960s, Elaine Pagels was part of a team at Harvard University, studying the Nag Hammadi scrolls; in 1979 her slim bookThe Gnostic Gospels put the formerly suppressed writings of early Christians into the hands of ordinary people.
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  41.  14
    Suppression of Psychological Needs Among Beginning Teachers: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective on the Induction Process in Bedouin Schools.Haya Kaplan - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    The study focuses on the emotional-motivational experiences of Bedouin-Arab beginning teachers during the induction period, from the perspective of Self-Determination Theory. A phenomenological study was employed. Seventy-four teachers participated, 62 of whom completed open questionnaires, while semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 other participants. The findings indicate that the beginning teachers reported experiences of coercion, exploitation, and gender-based discrimination. They also experienced a judgmental attitude, lack of assistance, and difficulties with students, and their sense of relatedness to the school is (...)
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  42.  73
    Repression, suppression, and oppression (in depression).Shahar Golan - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (5):533-534.
    Erdelyi's two key tenets – that repression may be conscious (“suppression”) and that it is context-sensitive – resonate well with findings on unipolar depression. Drawing from this field, I argue that (1) “oppression,” namely, pressure from significant others to refrain from attending to certain mental contents, influences individuals' repression/suppression; and that, (2) individuals actively create the very contexts that facilitate their repression/suppression.
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  43.  31
    Attention modulates sensory suppression during back movements.Lore Van Hulle, Georgiana Juravle, Charles Spence, Geert Crombez & Stefaan Van Damme - 2013 - Consciousness and Cognition 22 (2):420-429.
    Tactile perception is often impaired during movement. The present study investigated whether such sensory suppression also occurs during back movements, and whether this would be modulated by attention. In two tactile detection experiments, participants simultaneously engaged in a movement task, in which they executed a back-bending movement, and a perceptual task, consisting of the detection of subtle tactile stimuli administered to their upper or lower back. The focus of participants’ attention was manipulated by raising the probability that one of (...)
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  44.  38
    Suppression of negative affect in cancer patients. Trauma and defensiveness of self-esteem as predictors of depression and anxiety.Agata Szawińska & Aleksandra Fila-Jankowska - 2016 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 47 (3):318-326.
    The results of the work show that the relatively small differences in declared, negative emotional states between people suffering and not suffering from cancer can be explained by the suppression of negative affect in the former. It was assumed that the suppression is related to a compensation of an automatic, affective self-assessment - i.e. implicit self-esteem, lower in cancer patients. The results confirmed that the connection of cancer and depression became significantly stronger while the self-esteem defensiveness and past (...)
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  45.  10
    Chaos suppression by periodic forcing: Insights from dictyostelium cells, from a multiply regulated biochemical system, and from the Lorenz model.Gianluca M. Guidi, Jose Halloy & Albert Goldbeter - 1995 - In Robert J. Russell, Nancey Murphy & Arthur R. Peacocke, Chaos and Complexity. Vatican Observatory Publications. pp. 135.
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  46.  39
    Non-suppressive Educational Activity is the Future of Modern Russian Educational.N. I. Makarova - 2008 - Proceedings of the Xxii World Congress of Philosophy 37:189-193.
    Today in education as well as in a society suppression and aggression reveal itself very actively. The word "suppression" in a modern society is used in many meanings; it includes all forms of physical, psychological and economic suppression. There is no system or mechanism to oppose it, to protect the education area of suppression and aggression, they are not outworked. Philosophy of education considers non-aggressive activity as a modern trend in Russian education, which developing non-aggressive relations (...)
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  47.  16
    The suppression of kindling with low-frequency brain stimulation: Statistical data with intertrial intervals variable.John Gaito - 1985 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 23 (4):421-422.
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  48.  38
    Farewell to Suppression-Freedom.Tore Fjetland Øgaard - 2020 - Logica Universalis 14 (3):297-330.
    Val Plumwood and Richard Sylvan argued from their joint paper The Semantics of First Degree Entailment and onward that the variable sharing property is but a mere consequence of a good entailment relation, indeed they viewed it as a mere negative test of adequacy of such a relation, the property itself being a rather philosophically barren concept. Such a relation is rather to be analyzed as a sufficiency relation free of any form of premise suppression. Suppression of premises, (...)
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  49.  44
    Against suppression and clamping: A commentary on glenberg.Jason T. Ramsay & Bruce Homer - 1997 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (1):33-34.
    The ability of Glenberg's model to explain the development of complex symbolic abilities is questioned. Specifically, it is proposed that the concepts of clamping and suppression fall short of providing an explanation for higher symbolic processes such as autobiographical memory and language comprehension. A related concept, “holding in mind” (Olson 1993), is proposed as an alternative.
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  50.  32
    Suppression, attention, and effort: A proposed enhancement for a promising theory.David A. Schwartz, J. Eric Ivancich & Stephen Kaplan - 1997 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (1):36-37.
    Although Glenberg 's theory benefits from the incorporation of a suppression concept, a more differentiated view of suppression would be even more effective. We propose such a concept, showing how it accounts for phenomena that Glenberg describes and also for phenomena that he ignores.
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