Investigadores pertenecientes a la tradición de la psicología del desarrollo cognitivo han llevado a cabo estudios que sugieren que existe un vínculo entre la percepción de daño y el dominio moral. Frente a esta propuesta unificadora del dominio moral han surgido críticas desde la psicología cultural. Haidt publicó en 1993 uno de los estudios más influyentes en esta línea, afirmando haber encontrado evidencia que sugiere la existencia de dominios morales no vinculados a la noción de daño. En este artículo se (...) hará una presentación general del debate en torno al contenido del dominio moral. Luego presentaremos y evaluaremos el estudio de Haidt et al.. Por último, presentamos resultados experimentales que cuestionan las conclusiones de ese estudio y sugieren que el debate sigue abierto. Researchers belonging to the tradition of cognitive-developmental psychology have suggested studies that the perception of harm is central to the Moral Domain. This unifying proposal of the Moral Domain has provoked the criticisms of researchers working in Cultural Psychology. Haidt published in 1993 a very influential study, claiming to have found evidence for the existence of Moral Domains not linked to the notion of harm. In this paper, we briefly present the debate around the content of the moral domain. We then critically examine the study by Haidt et al.. Finally, we present experimental results that question the conclusions of their study and suggest that the debate is still open. (shrink)

Emotional regulation, understood as the skills and strategies needed to influence and/or modify the emotional experiences, has a very remarkable implication within numerous emotional and behavioral disorders in childhood and adolescence. In recent years there has been a significant increase in research on emotional regulation, however, the results are still divergent in terms of differences in emotional regulation in relation to age and gender. This study aimed to assess emotional regulation in adolescents in relation to their age and gender. Two (...) hundred and fifty-four adolescents from eight schools in the Valencian Community and aged between 9 and 16 years participated in the study. The adolescents completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the FEEL-KJ questionnaire. We analyzed the differences in emotional regulation strategies and a latent emotional regulation variable in two age groups (9 to 12 years and 13 to 16 years) and by gender. The results suggested that children and pre-adolescents in the 9-12 year group obtained lower scores in the emotional regulation strategies than the 13-16 year group. Girls reported higher scores on the use of emotional regulation strategies when experiencing sadness, anxiety and anger than boys, and on the overall average of regulation according to these specific emotions. Age, but not gender, had a major effect on scores for the latent variable of emotion regulation. An interaction effect between age and gender was identified in the latent emotion regulation scores. Girls tended to have higher scores than boys when they were younger and lower scores than boys when they were older. These results could be relevant for designing prevention and intervention programs for adolescents and at different ages. (shrink)

1. Overconfidence is usually understood as being more confident than reality justifies (Harvey, 1997; Moore & Healy, 2008; Pompian, 2006), which leads individuals to overestimate their performance...

Después de decir unas palabras sobre el origen, historia, organi- zación y legislación del cónclave para la elección del romano pontífice, me centro en el objetivo del artículo: el estudio del derecho de exclusiva que tenían el empe- rador y los reyes de España y Francia para impedir la elección de un cardenal que no les era afecto. Analizo, en primer lugar, la evolución histórica de este dere- cho y luego hago un repaso somero sobre su aplicación en los (...) cónclaves de los si- glos XVI, XVII y XVIII. (shrink)

It seems natural to think of an unwilling addict as having a pattern of preferences that she does not endorse—preferences that, in some sense, she does not ‘identify’ with. Following Frankfurt (1971), Jeffrey (1974) proposed a way of modeling those features of an agent’s preferences by appealing to preferences among preferences.Th„e addict’s preferences are preferences she does not prefer to have. I argue that this modeling suggestion will not do, for it follows from plausible assumptions that a minimally rational agent (...) must prefer those first-order preferences she actually has. I close by considering two different but related ways to think about the initial phenomenon. (shrink)

El presente artículo argumenta que hay un desarrollo en la postura de Platón frente a la geometría. A partir del primer contacto con la geometría, Platón se sintió atraído hacia la geometría por sus sorprendentes resultados. Por tal motivo, en un primer momento, Platón presenta en el Menón y en el Teeteto a la geometría como una ciencia ejemplar y le pide a los interlocutores que imiten sus procesos. En un segundo momento, Platón en la República incluye a la geometría (...) dentro de la filosofía, hace que el método de la geometría fundamente a su máxima ciencia dialéctica, incluye a los entes geométricos dentro del edificio ontológico, y a la ciencia geométrica dentro de las disciplinas que el rey-filosofo debe estudiar para ascender a las ideas. En un tercer momento, en el Timeo, la geometría es la ciencia básica que utiliza el Demiurgo para componer al universo. (shrink)

The article aims to document the types of cyberviolence faced by 120 students of an urban high school in the cd. Toluca. Understood as an aggressive and intentional act online is about “sending and posting harmful or cruel texts or images over the Internet or other digital media”. Based on a mixed research design, the “online violence” self-report was applied, which allowed to identify trends and subsequently, from a narrative generating question, the experience stories with online violence were recovered.

La Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica-Perú, debido al Covid 19 se adecuó a la virtualidad implementando el aula virtual Laureasea. Esta investigación se realizó durante el semestre académico 2021-1. Objetivo: analizar de qué manera la educación virtual mejora el desempeño docente. Participaron 430 docentes de las 24 facultades respondiendo una encuesta virtual. Resultados significativos: 80% dictó una clase virtual por primera vez, 60% tenía acceso a una aula virtual, 68% ha mejorado su desempeño y 75% prefiere las clases presenciales. (...) Conclusiones: La educación virtual mejora significativamente el desempeño docente y prefieren el dictado de clases presenciales. (shrink)

Georges Rey presents a much-needed philosophical defense of Noam Chomsky's famous view of human language, as an internal, innate computational system. But he also offers a critical examination of problematic developments of this view, to do with innateness, ontology, intentionality, and other issues of interdisciplinary interest.

Este artículo se ocupa de la concepción del alma elaborada por Alejandro de Afrodisia, con especial atención a un aspecto específico que la distingue de la concepción aristotélica: la introducción de una facultad o capacidad impulsiva. En primer lugar, se considera la reformulación de la concepción jaristotélica del alma como forma del cuerpo que Alejandro lleva a cabo, en conexión con su original reconstrucción del hilemorfismo. Aquí se pone especial énfasis en el modo en el cual Alejandro (...) construye lo que puede llamarse un “modelo escalonado” de composición hilemórfica. En segundo lugar, se considera el tratamiento de la facultad impulsiva, atendiendo especialmente al rendimiento teórico que extrae Alejandro de la adopción de la noción de impulso. Por último, se considera brevemente el modelo reformulado de psicología de la acción que elabora Alejandro, para dar cuenta de la secuencia del proceso de producción del movimiento voluntario y la acción. Se trata de un modelo explicativo que deja de lado el recurso aristotélico a la estructura del silogismo práctico e incorpora, en cambio, los elementos más característicos de la concepción estoica. Ello no implica, sin embargo, el abandono de la tesis básica de la concepción aristotélica de la motivación, por oposición al intelectualismo socrático, a saber: la tesis de la primacía del deseo, en todas sus posibles formas, como factor que da cuenta del origen del movimiento voluntario y la acción. (shrink)

This volume is an introduction to contemporary debates in the philosophy of mind. In particular, the author focuses on the controversial "eliminativist" and "instrumentalist" attacks - from philosophers such as of Quine, Dennett, and the Churchlands - on our ordinary concept of mind. In so doing, Rey offers an explication and defense of "mental realism", and shows how Fodor's representational theory of mind affords a compelling account of much of our ordinary mental talk of beliefs, hopes, and desires.

A partir de la contraposición entre filosofía y ensayismo, realizada por Th. Adorno, se cuestiona el carácter de “fundador” de la filosofía latinoamericana atribuido a A. Korn, quien comprendió la filosofía como un ejercicio de escritura sin certezas de- finitivas. Al señalar la distancia entre realidad y lenguaje, la filosofía puede habitar dicha distancia en diversas formas, y cabe preguntar por su relación con la escritura. Contra el positivismo, Korn insiste en el carácter figurativo de toda metafísica como “poema dialéctico”, (...) acercándola así al ensayo. (shrink)

" Nous savons désormais, comme l'expliquait Roland Barthes dans sa leçon inaugurale au Collège de France, que toute langue implique une relation d'aliénation et se définit par ce qu'elle oblige à dire. Comment, alors, écouter la voix particulière d'une langue, si elle se trouve asservie par un pouvoir qui tient à sa nature même, si, dès qu'elle est parlée, elle classe, interdit, refuse, exclut? C'est à cette problématique que la démarche de Reyes Mate apporte une réponse à la fois (...) appliquée au cas de l'espagnol et exemplaire. A travers une exploration de longue haleine, qui le conduit aussi bien à revoir les textes de Heidegger ou de Husserl qu'à analyser les productions littéraires de l'Amérique latine contemporaine, Reyes Mate ouvre, du même coup, un espace propre à l'expérience hispanophone, jusqu'à reconnaître dans l'ibéro-américanité une mémoire du Logos. " Michèle Gendreau-Massaloux. (shrink)

On 31 August 2001 in Lima, Peru, Christian Pardo Reyes started a campaign – operating through events and publications – to introduce a quota system to reflect the need to involve youth at all levels of government power. His organisation became the Internacional Juvenil. To achieve its goals, it established strong relationships with other youth organisations, state agencies and influential political leaders. Here Christian Pardo Reyes tells the story.

Georges Rey; XV*—Semantic Externalism and Conceptual Competence, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 92, Issue 1, 1 June 1992, Pages 315–334, https.

Ce texte se propose de prendre pour objet le discours élaboré par le management et qui, au-delà de produire des connaissances, sert de fondement à l’élaboration de normes organisationnelles et construit différents types de normativités. Il s’agira alors de développer une analyse philosophique qui cherchera à mettre à l’épreuve la thèse suivante : le fonctionnement managérial interne à l’entreprise repose sur un discours qui a recours aux fictions ; or, non seulement les modalités de ce recours aux fictions ne sont (...) pas explicites mais leur organisation structurelle aboutit également à la construction d’individus et d’un espace propres dont la finalité est d’influencer les comportements. (shrink)

While recognizing its origins and scope, Alejandro A. Vallega offers a new interpretation of Latin American philosophy by looking at its radical and transformative roots. Placing it in dialogue with Western philosophical traditions, Vallega examines developments in gender studies, race theory, postcolonial theory, and the legacy of cultural dependency in light of the Latin American experience. He explores Latin America’s engagement with contemporary problems in Western philosophy and describes the transformative impact of this encounter on contemporary thought.

Drawing on behavioral economics, nudges (policy interventions based on choice architecture) have the capacity to strategically shape policymaking, subtly guiding individual behavior by adjusting their decision environment. Applied to enhance vaccinations, boost retirement savings, or promote healthy habits, these interventions align with consensus-defined well-being. As governments adopt nudges, scholars have explored their role in fostering virtues. This paper argues that nudges have the potential to efficiently contribute to virtuous development by instilling and sustaining habits, respecting individual choice, and ensuring deliberation. (...) It introduces the concept of virtue nudges, emphasizing the alignment of habits with virtues for targeted behavioral change and the formation of morally virtuous habits. (shrink)

Teacher quality, its effect on students’ outcomes, and the association of these with economic growth, is the core of recent discussions in Latin America given the region’s weak results in international learning assessments. This paper investigates whether there is an effect of philosophy on the outcomes of critical reading for students in B.Ed. programs in Colombia. Relying on exact matching combined with propensity score matching with regression adjustment, we use national data from Colombia to show that students in B.Ed. in (...) philosophy outperformed students in other B.Ed. in critical reading test (0.401–0.124 SD), and, importantly, with higher effects observed for students with lower prior academic achievement (0.44 SD). This suggests that philosophy can help to narrow educational outcomes of students whose socioeconomic conditions are disadvantageous, contributing to social justice in education. (shrink)

This short essay constitutes a vindication of Adorno’s work on Beethoven as a profound text that sheds light on the understanding of the Frankfurtian’s thought. It will focus on the conclusions to which the late Beethovenian compositional technique leads and its role in a reconception of reason that represents a model from which to base a 21st century philosophy. It will start from the distinction made by Adorno of the different ways that Beethoven, throughout his styles of composition, elaborated to (...) confront or, rather, approach different moments and compositional techniques within a sonata form, delving into how those uses by the Late Beethoven were an influence on Adorno’s thought, to the point of hiding the key to the adornian problem: the overcoming of the Enlightenment through the Enlightenment itself. (shrink)

Carmen de Burgos (1867-1932) simbolizó en su tiempo el afán de progreso y de modernidad que alentó en España la corriente del Regeneracionismo. Desde su llegada a Madrid en 1901, procedente de su Almería natal, emprendió una carrera literaria y periodística jalonada de éxitos. Firmando como Colombine, se convirtió en la primera mujer redactora de un periódico (Diario Universal, 1903), y más tarde en nuestra primera corresponsal de guerra (Heraldo de Madrid, 1909). Acumuló una vasta y rica cultura, hecha de (...) erudición y de experiencia del mundo, por el que viajó incansablemente, de los confines de Europa a los de América. En su obra narrativa, según veremos, encierran especial significado los espacios y los viajes. Su legado lo forma una extensísima labor literaria y erudita, cercana a los dos centenares de títulos: novelas largas y cortas, ensayos, biografías, libros de viajes, estudios literarios, traducciones, prólogos, libros de entrevistas..., junto a miles de artículos publicados en la prensa española y extranjera; la labor de una polígrafa. Fue mujer de pensamiento y de acción, que emprendió numerosas campañas periodísticas en favor de diversas causas sociales o políticas, sobre todo, en favor de la mujer. En nuestra historia literaria, Carmen de Burgos es la escritora que recorre las tendencias del primer tercio del siglo XX, de la Generación del 98 a las Vanguardias, nuestra Edad de Plata. (shrink)

According to the “Folieism” I have been recently defending, communication is a kind of folie à deux in which speakers and hearers enjoy a stable and innocuous illusion of producing and hearing standard linguistic entities (“SLE”s) that are seldom if ever actually produced. In the present paper, after summarizing the main points of the view, I defend it against efforts of Barber, Devitt and Miščević to rescue SLEs in terms of social, response-dependent proposals. I argue that their underlying error is (...) a failure to appreciate the important shift of the explanatory locus in modern linguistics, from external objects to internal conceptions. I go on to show how (i) pace Devitt, this shift is entirely compatible with there being conventional aspects to language, and also serves to distinguish the ease of natural language from the waggle dance of the bees; and (ii) pace Barber and Smith, it is compatible with an appearance / reality distinction, and with reliance on testimony in epistemology. I conclude with further arguments about why, pace Collins and Matthews, intentionality is a crucial feature of linguistic explanation, even if it is ultimately spelt out largely in terms of computational role. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new approach to the modal operators of necessity and possibility. This approach is based on the existence of two negations in certain lattices that we call bi-Heyting algebras. Modal operators are obtained by iterating certain combinations of these negations and going to the limit. Examples of these operators are given by means of graphs.

The current crises put before us alternatives of action that require decision; for example, the decision of whether to deploy or investigate SRM geoengineering to counter global warming, which is here taken as the central example. Attending to the ontological richness of value in the elements of the world, of which scientific models and thought are a very particular and limited kind, can cast a different light into the decision process, which otherwise would almost unavoidably devolve into “infernal alternatives,” as (...) Isabelle Stengers calls them: impossible choices between two evils. (shrink)