Results for 'Armin Zlomuzica'

431 found
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  1.  23
    Low Perceived Self-Efficacy Impedes Discriminative Fear Learning.Friederike Raeder, Lioba Karbach, Helena Struwe, Jürgen Margraf & Armin Zlomuzica - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  2.  38
    Armin Erlinghagen Karl Heinrich Heydenreich als philosophischer Schriftsteller.Armin Erlinghagen - 2014 - Kant Studien 105 (1):125-144.
  3.  24
    Computability of String Functions Over Algebraic Structures Armin Hemmerling.Armin Hemmerling - 1998 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 44 (1):1-44.
    We present a model of computation for string functions over single-sorted, total algebraic structures and study some basic features of a general theory of computability within this framework. Our concept generalizes the Blum-Shub-Smale setting of computability over the reals and other rings. By dealing with strings of arbitrary length instead of tuples of fixed length, some suppositions of deeper results within former approaches to generalized recursion theory become superfluous. Moreover, this gives the basis for introducing computational complexity in a BSS-like (...)
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  4.  97
    Bolzano's Theory of Ground and Consequence.Armin Tatzel - 2002 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 43 (1):1-25.
    The aim of the paper is to present and evaluate Bolzano's theory of grounding, that is, his theory of the concept expressed and the relation brought into play by 'because'. In the first part of the paper (Sections 1-4) the concept of grounding is distinguished from and related to three other concepts: the concept of an epistemic reason}, the concept of causality, and the concept of deducibility (i.e., logical consequence). In its second part (Sections 5-7) Bolzano's positive account of grounding (...)
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  5.  36
    The Confabulating Mind: How the Brain Creates Reality.Armin Schnider - 2008 - Oxford University Press.
    Confabulations are memories of events and experiences that have never actually happened. Such false memories have fascinated scientists for over a century, and in recent years been the subject of much debate. This is the first book to provide an in-depth analysis of an extraordinary and controversial subject.
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  6.  98
    From Speculative Nanoethics to Explorative Philosophy of Nanotechnology.Armin Grunwald - 2010 - NanoEthics 4 (2):91-101.
    In the wake of the emergence and rapid development of nanoethics there swiftly followed fundamental criticism: nanoethics was said to have become much too involved with speculative developments and was concerning itself too little with actually pending questions of nanotechnology design and applications. If this diagnosis is true, then large parts of nanoethics are misguided. Such fundamental criticism must surely either result in a radical reorientation of nanoethics or be refuted for good reasons. In this paper, I will examine the (...)
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  7.  67
    Enhancing thoughts: Culture, technology, and the evolution of human cognitive uniqueness.Armin W. Schulz - 2020 - Mind and Language 37 (3):465-484.
    Three facts are widely thought to be key to the characterization of human cognitive uniqueness (though a number of other factors are often cited as well): (a) humans are sophisticated cultural learners; (b) humans often rely on mental states with rich representational contents; and (c) humans have the ability and disposition to make and use tools. This article argues that (a)–(c) create a positive feedback loop: Sophisticated cultural learning makes possible the manufacture of tools that increase the sophistication of representational (...)
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  8.  89
    Nanotechnology — a new field of ethical inquiry?Armin Grunwald - 2005 - Science and Engineering Ethics 11 (2):187-201.
    Parallel to the public discussion on the benefits and risks of nanotechnology, a debate on the ethics of nanotechnology has begun. It has been postulated that a new “nano-ethics” is necessary. In this debate, the — positive as well as negative — visionary and speculative innovations which are brought into connection with nanotechnology stand in the foreground. In this contribution, an attempt is made to discover new ethical aspects of nanotechnology in a more systematic manner than has been the case. (...)
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  9.  50
    On the origins of novelty in development and evolution.Armin P. Moczek - 2008 - Bioessays 30 (5):432-447.
    The origin of novel traits is what draws many to evolutionary biology, yet our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the genesis of novelty remains limited. Here I review definitions of novelty including its relationship to homology. I then discuss how ontogenetic perspectives may allow us to move beyond current roadblocks in our understanding of the mechanics of innovation. Specifically, I explore the roles of canalization, plasticity and threshold responses during development in generating a reservoir of cryptic genetic variation free (...)
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  10.  18
    Leading by example: Testing a moderated mediation model of ethical leadership, value congruence, and followers' openness to ethical influence.Armin Pircher Verdorfer & Claudia Peus - 2019 - Business Ethics: A European Review 29 (2):314-332.
    Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.
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  11.  87
    Against over-estimating the role of ethics in technology development.Armin Grunwald - 2000 - Science and Engineering Ethics 6 (2):181-196.
    The role of ethics in technology development has been often questioned, especially in the early days of societal reflection of technology. However, the situation has changed dramatically. Ethical consideration now is generally declared to be indispensable in shaping technology in a socially acceptable and sustainable way. The expectations of ethics are large; often even a kind of “New Ethics” is postulated. In the present paper an over-estimation of the role of ethics for technology development is rejected. It is argued that (...)
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  12.  10
    Auf Dem Weg in Eine Nanotechnologische Zukunft: Philosophisch-Ethische Fragen.Armin Grunwald - 2008 - Karl Alber Verlag.
  13. Technology assessment: concepts and methods.Armin Grunwald - 2009 - In Anthonie W. M. Meijers, Handbook of the Philosophy of Science. pp. 9--1103.
     
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  14. Sober & Wilson’s evolutionary arguments for psychological altruism: a reassessment.Armin Schulz - 2011 - Biology and Philosophy 26 (2):251-260.
    In their book Unto Others, Sober and Wilson argue that various evolutionary considerations (based on the logic of natural selection) lend support to the truth of psychological altruism. However, recently, Stephen Stich has raised a number of challenges to their reasoning: in particular, he claims that three out of the four evolutionary arguments they give are internally unconvincing, and that the one that is initially plausible fails to take into account recent findings from cognitive science and thus leaves open a (...)
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  15.  21
    Structure, Evidence, and Heuristic: Evolutionary Biology, Economics, and the Philosophy of Their Relationship.Armin W. Schulz - 2019 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    This book is the first systematic treatment of the philosophy of science underlying evolutionary economics. It does not advocate an evolutionary approach towards economics, but rather assesses the epistemic value of appealing to evolutionary biology in economics more generally. The author divides work in evolutionary economics into three distinct, albeit related, forms: a structural form, an evidential form, and a heuristic form. He then analyzes five examples of work in evolutionary economics falling under these three forms. For the structural form, (...)
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  16.  18
    Motor Imagery and Action Observation as Appropriate Strategies for Home-Based Rehabilitation: A Mini-Review Focusing on Improving Physical Function in Orthopedic Patients.Armin H. Paravlic - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Dynamic stability of the knee and weakness of the extensor muscles are considered to be the most important functional limitations after anterior cruciate ligament injury, probably due to changes at the central level of motor control rather than at the peripheral level. Despite general technological advances, fewer contraindicative surgical procedures, and extensive postoperative rehabilitation, up to 65% of patients fail to return to their preinjury level of sports, and only half were able to return to competitive sport. Later, it becomes (...)
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  17. Technology Assessment or Ethics of Technology?Armin Grunwald - 1999 - Ethical Perspectives 6 (2):170-182.
    Handling the impacts and consequences of technology has become a problem of political, social and scientific relevance since the Sixties. The earlier assumption that technological evolution would automatically lead to social and human progress in an emphatic sense can no longer be sustained. The ambivalence of technology has become a standing topic in the public, philosophical and scientific debate .In this situation new challenges to technology policy are emerging. Functions of an `early warning' with respect to the risks or potentials (...)
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  18. The application of ethics to engineering and the engineer’s moral responsibility: Perspectives for a research agenda.Armin Grunwald - 2001 - Science and Engineering Ethics 7 (3):415-428.
    There are different possibilities for defining the areas for the application of ethics to engineering. They range from descriptive analysis of engineers’ relationship to moral criteria and extend to normative issues on how engineers should design more “sustainable” technology. In this paper, a frame of reference is proposed, which makes it possible to elaborate in a transparent manner goals for analysis of the scope of ethics in engineering. Its point of departure is marked by two questions: 1) which types of (...)
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  19.  70
    The adaptive importance of cognitive efficiency: an alternative theory of why we have beliefs and desires.Armin Schulz - 2010 - Biology and Philosophy 26 (1):31-50.
    Finding out why we have beliefs and desires is important for a thorough understanding of the nature of our minds (and those of other animals). It is therefore unsurprising that several accounts have been presented that are meant to answer this question. At least in the philosophical literature, the most widely accepted of these are due to Kim Sterelny and Peter Godfrey-Smith, who argue that beliefs and desires evolved due to their enabling us to be behaviourally flexible in a way (...)
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  20.  69
    Gigerenzer’s Evolutionary Arguments against Rational Choice Theory: An Assessment.Armin Schulz - 2011 - Philosophy of Science 78 (5):1272-1282.
    I critically discuss a recent innovation in the debate surrounding the plausibility of rational choice theory : the appeal to evolutionary theory. Specifically, I assess Gigerenzer and colleagues’ claim that considerations based on natural selection show that, instead of making decisions in a RCT-like way, we rely on ‘simple heuristics’. As I try to make clearer here, though, Gigerenzer and colleagues’ arguments are unconvincing: we lack the needed information about our past to determine whether the premises on which they are (...)
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  21.  11
    Soziale Akte, Sprechakte und Textillokutionen: A. Reinachs Rechtsphilosophie und die moderne Linguistik.Armin Burkhardt - 1986 - ISSN.
    Schon seit ihrer Gründung in den 1970er-Jahren ist die Reihe Germanistische Linguistik (RGL) exponiertes Forum des Faches, dessen Namen sie im Titel führt. Hinsichtlich der thematischen Breite (Sprachebenen, Varietäten, Kommunikationsformen, Epochen), der Forschungsperspektiven (Theorie und Empirie, Grundlagenforschung und Anwendung, Inter- und Transdisziplinarität) und des methodologischen Spektrums ist die Reihe offen angelegt. Das Aufgreifen neuer Trends hat in ihr ebenso Platz wie das Fortführen von Bewährtem. Die Publikationsformen reichen von Monographien und Sammelbänden bis zu Wörterbüchern. Wissenschaftlicher Beirat (ab November 2011): Prof. (...)
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  22.  55
    The normative basis of (health) technology assessment and the role of ethical expertise.Armin Grunwald - 2004 - Poiesis and Praxis 2 (s 2-3):175-193.
    The role of normative reflection and the possibilities of ethical inquiry in technology assessment have been under discussion in the TA community for several years. As an outcome of this discussion the necessity of explicitly dealing with normativity in TA has widely been acknowledged. However, it is still quite unclear in which way this should be done. This paper is dedicated to the role (and limitations) of ethical expertise in this field, especially in HTA. By methodological analysis an approach is (...)
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  23.  50
    Business managers and moral sanctuaries.Armin Richard Konrad - 1982 - Journal of Business Ethics 1 (3):195 - 200.
    Moral Sanctuary is used in this paper as a metaphor for any theory which makes actions immune from moral criticism. Three arguments favoring moral sanctuaries for business activities are countered. Two of the arguments rest on faulty analogies. One compares business activities to games, another to the behavior of machines. The third rests on the claim that business is a unique activity. This position is rejected by a reductio ad absurdum argument; it entails the immunity of all professional activities from (...)
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  24. Risky Business.Armin Schulz - 2008 - Journal of Philosophy 105 (3):156-165.
  25.  61
    Nanotechnology – steps towards understanding human beings as technology?Armin Grunwald & Yannick Julliard - 2007 - NanoEthics 1 (2):77-87.
    Far-reaching promises made by nanotechnology have raised the question of whether we are on the way to understanding human beings more and more as belonging to the realm of technology. In this paper, an increasing need to understand the technological re-conceptualization of human beings is diagnosed whenever increasingly “technical” interpretations of humans as mechanical entities are disseminated. And this can be observed at present in the framework of nanobiotechnology, a foremost “technical” self-description where a technical language is adopted. The arena (...)
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  26. Structural flaws: Massive modularity and the argument from design.Armin Schulz - 2008 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 59 (4):733-743.
    recent defence of the massive modularity thesis. However, as this paper seeks to show, there are major flaws in its structure. If construed deductively, it is unsound: modular mental architecture is not necessarily the best architecture, and even if it were, this alone would not show that this architecture evolved. If construed inductively, it is not much more convincing, as it then appears to be too weak to support the kind of modularity Carruthers is concerned with. The upshot of this (...)
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  27.  29
    Neurolaw in Australia: The Use of Neuroscience in Australian Criminal Proceedings.Armin Alimardani & Jason Chin - 2019 - Neuroethics 12 (3):255-270.
    Recent research has detailed the use of neuroscience in several jurisdictions, but Australia remains a notable omission. To fill this substantial void we performed a systematic review of neuroscience in Australian criminal cases. The first section of this article reports the results of our review by detailing the purposes for which neuroscience is admitted into Australian criminal courts. We found that neuroscience is being admitted pre-trial, at trial, and during sentencing. In the second section, we evaluate these applications. We generally (...)
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  28.  55
    Altruism, egoism, or neither: A cognitive-efficiency-based evolutionary biological perspective on helping behavior.Armin W. Schulz - 2016 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 56:15-23.
  29.  25
    Handbuch Technikethik.Armin Grunwald (ed.) - 2013 - Stuttgart: Metzler.
    Technischer Fortschritt verlangt Verantwortung. Bei der Energieerzeugung, in der Medizin- und Militärtechnik, der Neurotechnik oder in der Raumfahrt Ethikfragen stellen sich in vielen Bereichen, in denen eine rasante technische Entwicklung stattfindet. Ist diese richtig und gut? Um das entscheiden zu können, müssen Chancen und Risiken, Gefahren und Sicherheit, Fortschritt und Verantwortung bedacht und beurteilt werden. Das Handbuch präsentiert die verschiedenen Technikfelder, klärt die zentralen Begriffe und stellt die ethisch-philosophischen Grundlagen der Technikethik vor. Für die 2. Auflage wurde das Handbuch grundlegend (...)
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  30.  76
    (1 other version)The financialisation of business ethics.Armin Beverungen, Stephen Dunne & Casper Hoedemaekers - 2012 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 22 (1):102-117.
    Business schools have become implicated in the widespread demonisation of the financial classes. By educating those held most responsible for the crisis – financial traders and speculators – they are said to have produced ruthlessly talented graduates who have ambition in abundance but little sense for social responsibility or ethics. This ethical lack thrives upon the trading floor within a compelling critique of the complicity of the pedagogy of the business school with the financial crisis of the global economy. An (...)
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  31.  11
    Technik Und Politikberatung: Philosophische Perspektiven.Armin Grunwald - 2008 - Suhrkamp.
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  32. Technik als Reflexionsbegriff: überlegungen zur semantischen Struktur des Redens über Technik.Armin Grunwald & Yannick Julliard - 2005 - Philosophia Naturalis 42 (1):127-157.
     
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  33.  77
    Niche construction, adaptive preferences, and the differences between fitness and utility.Armin W. Schulz - 2014 - Biology and Philosophy 29 (3):315-335.
    A number of scholars have recently defended the claim that there is a close connection between the evolutionary biological notion of fitness and the economic notion of utility: both are said to refer to an organism’s success in dealing with its environment, and both are said to play the same theoretical roles in their respective sciences. However, an analysis of two seemingly disparate but in fact structurally related phenomena—‘niche construction’ (the case where organisms change their environment to make it fit (...)
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  34. The benefits of rule following: A new account of the evolution of desires.Armin Schulz - 2013 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 44 (4):595-603.
    A key component of much current research in behavioral ecology, cognitive science, and economics is a model of the mind at least partly based on beliefs and desires. However, despite this prevalence, there are still many open questions concerning both the structure and the applicability of this model. This is especially so when it comes to its ‘desire’ part: in particular, it is not yet entirely clear when and why we should expect organisms to be desire-based—understood so as to imply (...)
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  35.  13
    Antonio Gramscis Politische Pädagogik: Grundrisse eines praxisphilosophischen Erziehungs- und Bildungsmodells.Armin Bernhard - 2005 - Hamburg: Argument.
    Antonio Gramsci - mit diesem Namen assoziieren wir zunächst ein philosophisches Modell, sprach- und kulturtheoretische Analysen, Gesellschaftskritik, emanzipatorische Politikvorstellungen. Weniger bekannt ist die pädagogische Grundlinie, die sich durch die gesamte theoretische und praktische Tätigkeit des italienischen Philosophen zieht. Die vorliegende Studie erschließt die pädagogische Vorstellungswelt und die Bildungsmodelle Gramscis sowohl im Sinne einer geschichtlichen Rekonstruktion, als auch im Hinblick auf ihre Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsrelevanz. Analysiert werden Gramscis pädagogische und bildungspolitische Überlegungen vor der Inhaftierung sowie die in den Gefängnisschriften und -heften (...)
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  36.  11
    Citizens of a common intellectual homeland: the transatlantic origins of American democracy and nationhood.Armin Mattes - 2015 - Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
    Notions of democracy and nationhood constitute the pivotal legacy of the American Revolution, but to understand their development one must move beyond a purely American context. Citizens of a Common Intellectual Homeland explores the simultaneous emergence of modern concepts of democracy and the nation on both sides of the Atlantic during the age of revolutions. Armin Mattes argues that in their origin the two concepts were indistinguishable because they arose from a common revolutionary impulse directed against the prevailing hierarchical (...)
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  37.  25
    Der lyrische Nachlass des jungen Nietzsche: Mit einer Edition des Manuskripthefts Mp I 22.Armin Thomas Müller - 2024 - De Gruyter.
    Der Band gibt erstmals einen umfassenden Überblick über den lyrischen Nachlass des jungen Nietzsche aus den 1850er und -60er Jahren. Zusätzlich präsentiert Armin Thomas Müller eine Beispiel-Edition und historisch kontextualisierende Analyse des Manuskripthefts Mp I 22 von 1858. Somit trägt der Band grundlegend zur literatur-, philosophie- wie kulturgeschichtlichen Auseinandersetzung mit Nietzsche bei. Armin Thomas Müllers Arbeit nimmt den bislang in der literaturwissenschaftlichen wie auch philosophischen Auseinandersetzung mit Friedrich Nietzsche vernachlässigten lyrischen Nachlass aus der Zeit zwischen 1850 und 1869 (...)
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  38. Beyond the Hype.Armin W. Schulz - 2013 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 43 (1):46-72.
    In this paper, I consider the recent resurgence of “evolutionary economics”—the idea that evolutionary theory can be very useful to push forward key debates in economics—and assess the extent to which it rests on a plausible foundation. To do this, I first distinguish two ways in which evolutionary theory can, in principle, be brought to bear on an economic problem—namely, evidentially and heuristically—and then apply this distinction to the three major hypotheses that evolutionary economists have come to defend: the implausibility (...)
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  39.  42
    By genes alone: a model selectionist argument for genetical explanations of cooperation in non-human organisms.Armin W. Schulz - 2017 - Biology and Philosophy 32 (6):951-967.
    I distinguish two versions of kin selection theory—a purely genetic version and a version that also appeals to cultural forms of cooperation —and present an argument in favor of using the former when it comes to accounting for the evolution of cooperation in non-human organisms. Specifically, I first show that both GKST and WKST are equally mathematically coherent—they can both be derived from the Price equation—but not necessarily equally empirically plausible, as they are based on different assumptions about the inheritance (...)
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  40.  56
    Firms, agency, and evolution.Armin W. Schulz - 2016 - Journal of Economic Methodology 23 (1):57-76.
    A recent trend in economics has been to appeal to evolutionary theory when addressing various open questions in the subject. I here further investigate one particular such appeal to evolutionary biology: the argument that, since markets select firms as coherent units, firms should be seen to be genuine economic agents. To assess this argument, I present a model of firm/office selection in a competitive market, and show that there are cases where markets can select for firms/offices as collective units – (...)
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  41. Preferences Vs. Desires: Debating the Fundamental Structure of Conative States.Armin W. Schulz - 2015 - Economics and Philosophy 31 (2):239-257.
    Abstract:I address an overlooked question about the structure of the cognitive/conative model of the mind that underlies much of the work in economics, psychology and philosophy: namely, whether conative states are fundamentally monistic (desire-like) or comparative (preference-like). I argue that two seemingly promising sets of theoretical considerations – namely, the structure of Rational Choice Theory, and considerations of computational efficiency – are unable to resolve this debate. Given this, I suggest that a consideration that speaks in favour of the preference-based (...)
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  42.  24
    Jenseits von Ethik. Zur Kritik der neuroethischen Enhancement-Debatte.Armin Hoyer & Jan Slaby - 2014 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 62 (5).
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  43. Speech acts, meaning, and intentions: critical approaches to the philosophy of John R. Searle.Armin Burkhardt (ed.) - 1990 - New York: W. de Gruyter.
    Introduction The analytical way of thinking has been one of the most fruitful paradigms in this century in philosophy and in different sciences, ...
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  44.  21
    Approximate decidability in euclidean spaces.Armin Hemmerling - 2003 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 49 (1):34-56.
    We study concepts of decidability for subsets of Euclidean spaces ℝk within the framework of approximate computability . A new notion of approximate decidability is proposed and discussed in some detail. It is an effective variant of F. Hausdorff's concept of resolvable sets, and it modifies and generalizes notions of recursivity known from computable analysis, formerly used for open or closed sets only, to more general types of sets. Approximate decidability of sets can equivalently be expressed by computability of the (...)
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  45.  49
    Participation as a means of enhancing the legitimacy of decisions on technology? A sceptical analysis.Armin Grunwald - 2004 - Poiesis and Praxis 3 (s 1-2):106-122.
    The legitimacy of technology as a whole, of individual fields of technology, and of concrete decisions on technology has become problematic. Traditional methods and elements for the legitimization of technological development and of the application of technology have been increasingly called into question since the 1980s. There are great expectations in participatory procedures to improving the legitimization of technology decisions. Those expectations, however, might not be justified. In the paper, the hypothesis is proposed that legitimacy can be brought about through (...)
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  46.  20
    Tropical Truth(S): The Epistemology of Metaphor and Other Tropes.Armin Burkhardt & Brigitte Nerlich (eds.) - 2010 - De Gruyter.
    The 18 contributions to this volume deal with a variety of 'tropes', such as metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony, euphemism, antonomasia and hyperbole. Using various approaches or paradigms the authors aim to find answers to the crucial epistemological questions, namely whether and to what extent utterances containing tropes can be said to be true or false.
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  47.  19
    Core knowledge and its role in explaining uniquely human cognition: Some questions.Armin W. Schulz - 2024 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 47:e141.
    Questions can be raised about the central status that evolutionarily ancient core knowledge systems are given in Spelke's otherwise very compelling theory. So, the existence of domain-general learning capacities has to be admitted, too, and no clear reason is provided to doubt the existence of uniquely human cognitive adaptations. All of these factors should be acknowledged when explaining human thought.
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  48.  37
    Cognition in High-Frequency Trading: The Costs of Consciousness and the Limits of Automation.Armin Beverungen & Ann-Christina Lange - 2018 - Theory, Culture and Society 35 (6):75-95.
    Certain strands of contemporary media theory are concerned with the ways in which computational environments exploit the ‘missing half-second’ of human perception and thereby influence, control or exploit humans at an affective level. The ‘technological unconscious’ of our times is often understood to work at this affective level, and high-frequency trading is regularly provided as a primary illustrative example of the contagious dynamics it produces. We challenge and complicate this account of the relation between consciousness, affect and media technologies by (...)
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  49.  84
    (1 other version)Editorial introduction: where is business ethics?Armin Beverungen & Peter Case - 2011 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 20 (3):229-232.
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  50. Religious narrative, cognition, and culture : approaches and definitions.Armin W. Geertz - 2011 - In Armin W. Geertz & Jeppe Sinding Jensen, Religious narrative, cognition, and culture: image and word in the mind of narrative. Oakville, CT: Equinox.
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