This study examined the relationships of perceived ethical leadership, workplace jealousy, and organizational citizenship behaviors directed at individuals and organizations. Survey responses were collected from 491 employee-coworker pairs from 33 hospitals in Taiwan. The employees provided assessments of their perceived ethical leadership and the workplace jealousy they experienced, while the coworkers provided information about the employees’ OCBI and OCBO. In the hypotheses testing, perceived ethical leadership was found to be negatively related to employees’ workplace jealousy and jealousy was negatively related (...) to their OCBI and OCBO. Workplace jealousy partially mediated the effect of ethical leadership on OCBI and OCBO. In addition, perceived ethical leadership was found to have a moderation effect on the jealousy-OCBI/ocbo relationship. This study contributes to the literature of ethical leadership as well as to the literature of OCB by relating workplace jealousy to OCB and by making sense of the effects of ethical leadership on OCB through the mediation of jealousy and through the moderation of ethical leadership on the jealousy-OCB relationship. (shrink)

This study explores the relationship between the scoring structure and the win or loss of a badminton match, while providing quantitative analytic data using binary entropy to determine the uncertainty of said win or loss. Scoring structure data were collected from the official match records of the top 16 events of the World Badminton Championships from 2006 to 2020 as collection objects and were analyzed by means of notational analysis. Our entropy analysis showed that the main factor affecting the certainty (...) of win or loss in men’s singles, men’s doubles and mixed doubles comes from the number of leading points, and in women’s singles and women’s doubles from whether the current point is closer to the match point. Our binary-entropy analysis based on scoring structure showed that, to maintain high uncertainty so that players stay competitive, the scoring points of two sides should differ in less than 5; in addition, the decisive factors for victory strongly depend on gender, also justifying research results of previous studies. (shrink)

本著作对中国传统社会中较具代表性的政治家、思想家的治安思想进行了梳理, 这些治安思想与当时治安形势结合紧密, 呈现了不同历史时期治安思想的主要内容和特点.

本书主要从传统文化与民族精神、诚信的思考、传统与时代、德治与法制等八个方面,阐述了中国的传统文化与道德建设。.

本书探讨了中国传统伦理道德问题,包括中国传统道德哲学和道德教育、中国传统道德思想和道德教育思想的基本特点、孔子以“仁”为核心的道德观和道德教育思想等内容。.

Understanding the neural basis of schizophrenia (SZ) is important for shedding light on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this mental disorder. Structural and functional alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) have been implicated in the neurobiology of SZ. However, the effective connectivity among them in SZ remains unclear. The current study investigated how neuronal pathways involving these regions were affected in first-episode SZ using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Forty-nine patients (...) with a first-episode of psychosis and diagnosis of SZ—according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision—were studied. Fifty healthy controls (HCs) were included for comparison. All subjects underwent resting state fMRI. We used spectral dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to estimate directed connections among the bilateral ACC, DLPFC, hippocampus, and MPFC. We characterized the differences using Bayesian parameter averaging (BPA) in addition to classical inference (t-test). In addition to common effective connectivity in these two groups, HCs displayed widespread significant connections predominantly involved in ACC not detected in SZ patients, but SZ showed few connections. Based on BPA results, SZ patients exhibited anterior cingulate cortico-prefrontal-hippocampal hyperconnectivity, as well as ACC-related and hippocampal-dorsolateral prefrontal-medial prefrontal hypoconnectivity. In summary, spectral DCM revealed the pattern of effective connectivity involving ACC in patients with first-episode SZ. This study provides a potential link between SZ and dysfunction of ACC, creating an ideal situation to associate mechanisms behind SZ with aberrant connectivity among these cognition and emotion-related regions. (shrink)

本书是王森先生的遗作,如1989年出版的《中国逻辑史·唐明卷》中的《藏传因明》一章;梵文汉译的《胜论经》;梵文古写本《七句义论》校注;《正理滴论》、《中论》、《辨中边论》梵藏汉文会勘;贝叶本《俱舍论颂 》梵藏汉文索引;以及《正理滴论》梵汉对照索引等.

本书从传统人伦关系的视角,探讨传统中国的民间秩序,以社会心理学的观点进行现代诠释,揭示传统民间社会诸多隐而不显的人伦现状,真实地展现传统人伦关系的本来面目。.

Ben shu wan zheng di ti xian le yang ming xin xue"xin ji li","zhi xing he yi","zhi liang zhi"san da ming ti,Sheng dong di ji zai le yang ming xin xue li lun zai yang ming shi sheng zhi jian de gou jian he chuan bo guo cheng,Jiao wei ji zhong di zhan xian he hui ji le yang ming de xin xue si xiang ti xi,Dui yu yang ming hou xue de fa zhan chan sheng le zhi jie (...) er shen yuan de ying xiang. (shrink)

该书分为五编,反映了作者的文化观,以及对学术界相关研究动态的把握;展示了对西方文化源头和本质的理解;分析了中国社会与基督教的关系等内容。.

本书是王阳明的问答语录和论学书信集,包含了王阳明的主要哲学思想,是研究王阳明思想及心学发展的重要资料。本书不但全面阐述了王阳明的思想,同时还体现了他辩证的授课方法,以及生动活泼,善于用譬、常带机锋的语 言艺术。.

本书内容包括:中国传统经济伦理思想近代演变概论、中国传统经济伦理思想的近代演变、中国传统经济伦理思想近代演变等。.

This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of multi-circuit brain synergy between elite tai chi chuan athletes in resting and exercise states and to provide neuroimaging evidence of improvements in brain function by motor skill training. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to compare the brain activity of professional tai chi chuan athletes and beginners in resting and exercise states, and to assess functional connectivity between the prefrontal lobe and the sensorimotor zone. In the resting state, the FC between (...) the left prefrontal lobe and the right sensorimotor area in the expert group was significantly lower than that in the novice group. In the exercise state, the patterns of FC between the left prefrontal lobe and right sensorimotor area, the right prefrontal lobe and left sensorimotor area, and the left and right sensorimotor areas in the expert group were significantly lower than that in the novice group. From the resting state to the locomotor state, the expert group experienced a greater absolute value of functional connection increment between the left prefrontal cortex and right sensorimotor area, and between the left sensorimotor area and right sensorimotor area. This was positively correlated with the self-evaluation results of motor performance behavior. Under sports conditions, professional athletes’ multi-circuit brain FC strength is significantly reduced, and their elite motor skill performance supports the neural efficiency hypothesis. This may be related to the high adaptation of the brain to specific tasks and the improvement of the integration of somatic perception processing and motor function. (shrink)

Ben shu nei rong bao kuo: ren lei wei he ru ci duo shi; dong fang gu dian de Afanda Wutuobang; sheng ren jiu jing wei shui xiao lao; zhi li de xian du yu xu wei you guo lun; deng gao si wang, man mu zhu ji hai shi man mu la ji; nan yi yong yu yan wen zi biao da yu chuan shou de da dao deng.

Xue xi he yan jiu Zhongguo zhe xue, yi ban lai shuo, Feng xian sheng shi ke chao er bu ke yue de. Yi si shi, hou ren wan quan ke neng er qie ye ying dang sheng guo Feng xian sheng, dan shi que bu neng rao guo Feng xian sheng. Rao guo Feng xian sheng, bu dan bi ran yao duo fei li qi, er qie rong yi zou wan lu er nan yu shen ru tang ao. Feng (...) Youlan zuo wei wo guo jin dai zhe xue de yi dai ju bo, zai mou zhong yi yi shang, ying xiang liao zheng ge jin dai Zhongguo zhe xue de ge ju. Er dui yu Feng Youlan zhe xue ji qi xue shu sheng ya de yan jiu, ye sui zhe dang dai guo xue yan jiu de xing qi, shou dao yue lai yue duo de guan zhu. Minguo shi qi de Zhongguo xue shu jie, ying gai shuo shi hui ju le yi da pi kua shi dai de xue shu jing ying, te bie shi zai chuan tong xue shu ling yu, kan cheng yi chang si xiang de sheng yan.ben shu zuo zhe zai hao ru yan hai de Minguo wen xian zhong, jing xin zheng li chu dang shi xue jie dui Feng Youlan zhe xue de hui ying he dui hua, qi zhong bao kuo zhu ru Chen Yinke, Jin Yuelin, Hu Shi, Zhang Dainian, Cai Shangsi deng yi da pi xue jie tai dou de wen zhang, zi liao xing fei chang qiang, bu jin fan ying le zhu wei xue zhe ge ren de du dao jian jie, geng cong yi ge ce mian fan ying le Minguo shi qi Feng Youlan zhe xue yan jiu de sheng kuang, dui dang xia yan jiu Feng Youlan zhe xue si xiang ju you zhong yao de can kao jia zhi. (shrink)

Ben shu yi han si{692126}kai mi sen de fa lü li lun ji qi shi jian wei zhong xin lun shu le kai mi sen xiang guan fa lü li lun de yuan yuan, chuan tong ji qi shi jian te xing, lun shu le kai mi sen zuo wei " ao di li xian fa de she ji shi " dui yu ao di li fa lü li lun ji qi shi jian suo zuo chu de gong xian. (...) tong shi, kai mi sen de fa lü li lun zhi gen yu xi fang de fa zhi li nian yi ji de yi zhi de fa lü li shi chuan tong, 1848 nian ge ming qi jian chan sheng de zhu duo xian fa yi ji ao xiong di guo de di guo fa yuan chuan tong wei kai mi sen de fa lü li lun dian ding ji chu, jiang kai mi sen de li lun ji qi shi jian zhi yu fa zhi li shi he de yi zhi fa lü li shi fa zhan de da huan jing zhong yu yi shen shi, ke yi geng hao di li jie kai mi sen de li lun ji qi shi jian de yi yi yu jia zhi. (shrink)

Ben shu ji yu Wang Chuanshan zhe xue wen ben, can zhao "nei zai quan shi" de li lu yi ji quan shi zhi "dao" "shu" de ce lüe ji qiao, dui wang chuan shan zhe xue jin xing yan jiu, ti chu zhu ru Song Ming ru xue "san xi shuo", "wu zhong shi" ji xian shi shi jie de yu zhou lun, "tai ji" ben ti lun, xing zhi qian zai yu shi xian, liang ge (...) ceng mian de gong fu lun, ji yu "jin hua" de xun huan li shi guan, jun quan de "he fa xing" "zheng dang xing"yi ji "zi zhi lun" deng yi xie xin de guan dian, bing ti chu ru xue "shi cun dao de miao shu" "xing shang xue" "xing shang dao de shi jian" san zhong xing tai, tong guo jiang Wang Chuanshan yu Huang Zongxi deng tong shi dai de ru zhe yi qi zhi yu Ming mo Qing chu ru xue "xing shang dao de shi jian" xing tai, dui Wang Chuanshan zhe xue jin xing ru xue shi ding wei, wei Qing dai yi hou ru xue bao kuo xian dai xin ru xue dian ding ji ben fang xiang. (shrink)

Criticism and recommendations are very much welcome. Please don't hesitate to contact me with them. -/- .

본 논문은 마왕퇴 백서 『역전』에 보이는 ‘言’을 전국시대의 제자백가 사상, 특히 유가와 도가 사상과 비교, 고찰하는 것을 통해 전국시대에서 전한초기에 이르는 시기의 유가 사상의 변화 과정과 『주역』의 유교경전화 과정을 규명한 것이다. 마왕퇴 백서 『주역』은 고대 『주역』의 본모습을 복원하고 그 사상적 변화과정을 추적하기에 대단히 유용하고 중요한 자료이다. 이러한 마왕퇴 백서 『역전』의 자료적 성격을 살려서 ‘言’이라는 중심 테마를 통해 『주역』이 철학서이자 유교경전으로 변모해 가는 모습과 유교가 당시의 제자백가 사상, 특히 도가사상과의 교류와 투쟁을 통해 새로운 유교사상으로 변모해 가는 모습을 명확하게 밝히고자 한다. 선진시대의 (...) 유가는 언어관의 특징은 『논어』와 『순자』에 잘 드러나고 있다. 그러나 의사소통의 문제를 포함하여 말에 가장 주목한 학파는 도가였다. 도가는 ‘不言’, ‘無言’의 사상을 주장하고 그들이 추구하는 절대적 근원자인 道는 말로는 결코 전달할 수 없음을 주창하였다. 그 결과 ‘不言의 가르침’이라는 테제를 창출해 내었다. 『주역』의 괘효사에 보이는 ‘言’자를 분석하여 볼 때 괘효사의 ‘言’에는 어떠한 사상성도 존재하지 않음이 분명하다. 그러나 전국말에서 전한에 걸친 시기의 유가는 사상성이 없던 『주역』의 괘효사에 대해 도가의 ‘不言’, ‘無言’의 사상을 수용하여 새로운 해석을 내리게 된다. 이러한 시도는 마왕퇴 백서 『역전』 역지의편, 이삼자편에 분명하게 드러나고 있다. 역지의편과 이삼자편에 보이는 ‘言’에 대한 사고는 당시 사상계의 논의를 종합적으로 수용하였다. 특히 이삼자편은 순자의 ‘分’의 사상을 기초로 하여 성인, 군자의 언행과 소인의 언행을 구분하여 성인, 군자의 언행에 대해서는 찬사를 보내지만 소인은 말을 하지 말아야 할 것을 주장한다. 도가사상의 수용과 순자 사상의 영향으로 생각할 때 이들 양편의 성립연대는 전국시대 말기 이후라고 생각된다. 따라서 유가가 도가사상을 흡수하여 『주역』을 사상서로서 해석해내고 자파의 학설에 대한 재구축을 시작한 시기를 전국말 이후로 보아야할 것이다. 또한 백서 『역전』 계사편에서는 군자의 언행이 천지를 움직일 수 있다고까지 주장되어 유가의 성인, 군자가 인간사회뿐만 아니라 자연계의 중심으로까지 격상되고 있다. 다른 한편으로는 군주가 언행에 신중을 기해야 신하를 잘 통치할 수 있다는 군주론, 통치론도 주장되고 있다. 그리고 백서 계사편에서는 도가의 ‘不言’, ‘無言’의 사상을 받아들여 진리가 말로 표현될 수 없다는 것을 인정하면서도 성인이 이를 위해 象, 卦, 辭(괘효사)를 만들어 이를 매개로 진리를 표현하고 전달한다고 서술되고 있다. 이것은 계사편의 작자가 도가사상을 도입하면서도 『주역』을 해석하는 작업을 통해 도가를 극복하여 결국 유가의 성인이 도가의 성인보다 우위에 있다는 것을 밝히는 내용이다. 이상의 고찰에서 유가가 도가사상을 수용하면서도 그것을 극복하고 새로운 사상체계를 만들어냈다는 것이 명확하게 밝혀졌다. 유가의 성인이 진리를 파악하고 전달하는 것은 『주역』을 매개로 할 때 비로소 가능하게 된다. 따라서 『주역』은 단순한 점서이어서는 안 되고, 성인의 眞意를 포함하고 있는 지고의 경전이 아니면 안 된다. 『주역』이 유교 경전으로 탈바꿈하게 된 주요 이유는 바로 여기에 있었음에 틀림없다. (shrink)