Neste artigo, pretendemos analisar os conceitos que envolvem o Antropoceno e Capitaloceno, de acordo com um cotejo crítico entre Anarres e Urras, planetas centrais no romance de Ursula K. Le Guin, Os despossuídos (1973). Abordaremos como a ambiguidade utópica da estrutura política e social de Anarres pode inspirar diferentes formulações para o protagonismo destrutivo da humanidade ante os recursos naturais da Terra. Em contrapartida, apresentaremos o planeta Urras como um reflexo exacerbado da postura contemporânea capitalista que fomenta o Capitaloceno, termo (...) alternativo ao Antropoceno. (shrink)

Testemunhos na primeira pessoa dados por quem aceitou recordar os factos, os dramas e os sucessos do tempo de mudança e transformação vertiginosa que constituiu o período de vida do Padre Manuel Antunes, professor que marcou indelevelmente várias gerações.

We examine the influence of face-based judgments of CFO and CEO honesty on earnings management for the largest publicly traded companies in America. After controlling for incentives and opportunities to manage earnings, CFOs perceived to be less honest engage in higher levels of accruals earnings management and real earnings management. The beneficial impact of perceived honesty on earnings quality is most pronounced when both the CFO and the CEO are perceived to be more honest. Findings are consistent with our conjecture (...) that both the CFO and CEO contribute to a firm’s financial reporting environment. (shrink)

This study explored the associations between physical activity anxiety levels, and the perception of satisfaction of basic psychological needs, during Coronavirus Disease 2019 lockdown. Thus, 1,404 participants ranging from 18 to 89 years old completed a questionnaire in the period between 1st and 15th April 2021. The survey included sociodemographic data and the following validated instruments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Basic Need General Satisfaction Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to examine variation in (...) anxiety levels and BPN satisfaction according to PA category. Spearman’s Rho correlations coefficients were used to determine the association between anxiety levels and psychological needs. Individuals presenting a higher level of PA revealed lower levels of anxiety-state. Differences between elements from different levels of PA were found for the autonomy, competence, and relatedness psychological needs, suggesting that those who feel their BPN as more satisfied have higher levels of PA. The study found statistically significant correlations between anxiety-state and the satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. These findings support the importance that PA has in the anxiety levels during social isolation, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary teams in an individual-based approach. (shrink)

In this paper, we propose Kripke-style models for the logics of evidence and truth LETJ and LETF. These logics extend, respectively, Nelson’s logic N4 and the logic of first-degree entailment with a classicality operator ∘ that recovers classical logic for formulas in its scope. According to the intended interpretation here proposed, these models represent a database that receives information as time passes, and such information can be positive, negative, non-reliable, or reliable, while a formula ∘A means that the information about (...) A, either positive or negative, is reliable. This proposal is in line with the interpretation of N4 and FDE as information-based logics, but adds to the four scenarios expressed by them two new scenarios: reliable information for the truth and for the falsity of a given proposition. (shrink)

This paper introduces the logic _Q__L__E__T_ _F_, a quantified extension of the logic of evidence and truth _L__E__T_ _F_, together with a corresponding sound and complete first-order non-deterministic valuation semantics. _L__E__T_ _F_ is a paraconsistent and paracomplete sentential logic that extends the logic of first-degree entailment (_FDE_) with a classicality operator ∘ and a non-classicality operator ∙, dual to each other: while ∘_A_ entails that _A_ behaves classically, ∙_A_ follows from _A_’s violating some classically valid inferences. The semantics of _Q__L__E__T_ (...) _F_ combines structures that interpret negated predicates in terms of anti-extensions with first-order non-deterministic valuations, and completeness is obtained through a generalization of Henkin’s method. By providing sound and complete semantics for first-order extensions of _FDE_, _K3_, and _LP_, we show how these tools, which we call here the method of _anti-extensions + valuations_, can be naturally applied to a number of non-classical logics. (shrink)

O presente trabalho focaliza o fenômeno dos longos litígios em Varas de Família, com o objetivo de discutir a inscrição do judiciário na trama conjugal. Ressalta-se que alguns casais, mesmo após o divórcio, ficam aprisionados numa dinâmica de repetição que atua por meio do litígio, representado nas ..

No presente artigo procuramos recuperar a reflexão de Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels acerca do movimento dos trabalhadores estado-unidense do seu tempo, sobretudo no que ao papel dos socialistas dirá respeito. É nosso entendimento que esta reflexão contribui, apesar de pouco explorada, para a compreensão da conceção de ambos – a conceção materialista da história –, não porque tenha contribuído para a sua elaboração mais acabada, mas por via do exercício que os autores fizeram desta quando analisaram o que se (...) passava do outro lado do Atlântico. A reflexão destes dois autores pode ainda ser, além de questões meramente teóricas, bastante atual – daí o enfoque nas questões de estratégia político-partidária –, pois que os partidos que se reclamam da classe trabalhadora hoje são, apesar de tudo, bem mais do que na segunda metade do século XIX, mas, por outro lado, bem menos expressivos do que na segunda metade do século XX. Trata-se, em rigor, de um de vários contributos particulares da conceção dos dois autores alemães. (shrink)

O móbil do presente artigo é dado a partir do subponto 52 da obra Justice as Fairness: A Restatement de John Rawls – “Addressing Marx’s Critique of Liberalism” –, mais precisamente quanto à objeção que o autor destaca de Karl Marx em relação à “divisão do trabalho” sob o capitalismo. Rawls considera que tal “divisão”, pelo menos da maneira como foi apontada por Marx, seria “superada” no âmbito dos princípios de justiça. Assim, através da Kritik des Gothaer Programms e de (...) uma famosa Lettre de Marx, procuramos uma confrontação com as considerações avançadas por Rawls. (shrink)

For decades, the audiovisual nature of the film medium has limited film scholarship to the strict consideration of sound and sight as the senses at play. Aware of the limitations of this sense-to-sense correspondence, Laura U. Marks has been the first to consistently give expression to a new and emergent line of enquiry that seeks to understand the multisensory nature of film.Adding to the emergent awareness of the cinema of the senses, neuroscience, specifically multisensory studies, has identified autonomous sensory systems (...) beyond the classic five senses: the vestibular (orientation and balance), proprioception (posture and body position), pain, and temperature perception. This essay investigates the principles of the multisensory film experience when applied to our sense of orientation and balance in film – the vestibular in film. Here I seek to outline the neural and physiological evidence supporting the idea that we can have access to the multisensory exclusively through sound and image, based on the nature of our perception and cognition.I then apply this frame of reference to a new understanding of Gus Van Sant’s cinema of walking composed by the so-called death trilogy of Gerry (2002), Elephant (2003) and Last Days (2005) plus Paranoid Park (2007). With this analysis I show how the vestibular sense can be a powerful aesthetic and cinematic mode of filmmaking, as well revealing of the sensuous nature of film. (shrink)

This paper contains proofs of the strong adequacy, with respect to variable domain semantics, of the first-order version $Q_{v}F\!D\!E$ of the logic of first-degree entailment ( $F\!D\!E$ ) and some of its extensions—viz., variable domain versions of strong Kleene _K3_ and the logic of paradox _LP_, as well as Nelson’s logics _QN3_ and _QN4_. The paper also introduces the logic $QN\!P$, obtained by extending $Q_{v}F\!D\!E$ with excluded middle and a constructive implication. $QN\!P$ combines constructive and non-constructive features in an interesting (...) way, and we argue that it can be interpreted analogously to the three-valued logic of formal inconsistency $LF\!I\! 1 \!^{*}$ as a logic suitable for closed world databases. The paper also examines whether the logics investigated here are suitable for an interpretation in terms of information. (shrink)

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar as literaturas de si enquanto formas de apreensão dos procedimentos que regulam o desenvolvimento do sujeito. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a própria narrativa de si emerge de um poder linguístico anterior que a condiciona, mas que simultaneamente a faz recriar-se. A ideia principal a ser exposta é a de que ao me narrar, me construo, ainda que dentro de normas sociais pré-estabelecidas. É justamente ao me narrar que me crio e me constituo enquanto (...) sujeito. Nesse sentido, as literaturas de si podem ser consideradas suportes de análise para as teorias de sujeição.Palavras-chave: Literaturas de si. Construção do sujeito. Teorias de sujeição. (shrink)

Starting from the analysis of a phenomenological reading of the parable of the Good Samaritan and arriving at the idea of the World Person in Chiara Lubich, this article will discuss two topics: union in difference and the model of the neighbor in the Gospel. For Christians this is the confirmation that the meeting with the stranger is possible. Christ founded a community that co-exists with the stranger. It is within this path that the intuition the figure of the World (...) Person in Chiara Lubich arises. In the tension between interpretation and Truth, Lubich puts the question: was there anyone that went through the trial of doubt about the Truth, but has been able to create a new world? She says that was Jesus Forsaken, who opens up the possibility of differentiation without exclusion. (shrink)

Pretende-se refletir aqui sobre a exploração de fronteiras no campo do teatro a partir da utilização do conceito de risco. A experimentação de técnicas de risco na preparação do ator e na construção do texto espetacular se orienta à criação de cerimônias teatrais cujo eixo é a constituição de novos vínculos entre a audiência e a performance.

Priest, argues that classical reasoning can be made compatible with his preferred logical theory by proposing a methodological maxim authorizing the use of classical logic in consistent situations. Although Priest has abandoned this proposal in favour of the one in G. Priest, I shall argue that due to the fact that the derivability adjustment theorem holds for several logics of formal consistency, these paraconsistent logics are particularly well suited to accommodate classical reasoning by means of a version of that maxim, (...) yielding thus an enthymematic account of classical recapture. (shrink)

In his work, Bernard Suits presents and pursues a stated objective: to define ‘game’ or, more precisely, ‘game-playing’. In The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia, the author seeks a definition not as a ‘commitment to the universal fruitfulness of definition construction’, but rather with the idea ‘that some things are definable, and some are not’. This is something he believed could resolve many of the issues surrounding the debate on ‘game’ and ‘play’, such as those with Huizinga (in Homo Ludens) (...) or proposed by the anti-definitionism of Wittgenstein, a philosopher who did not accept that it was possible to define ‘game’. In this article, we will trace Suits’ definitional steps and aim to critique his resolution as a kind of ‘formalism’, as it tended to prioritize rules. Furthermore, notwithstanding the merit of his theoretical endeavor – seen in the attempt to define a social component that is so complex and the target of the most diverse interpretations and misconceptions –, it seems to us that, with his theoretical unifying element (lusory attitude), the author has summoned another problem to the debate, that of ‘subjectivism’, rather than a solution (especially to his formalism), even subjecting himself to comparisons with other conceptions (e.g. Fichte) that are also problematic. This aspect will also be criticized. The attention of this article will shift to these two lines of critique, drawing on an insightful analysis of Malaby’s work at a specific juncture, aiming to delve further into the subject and taking an additional step. (shrink)

Neste trabalho investigamos a natureza da imagem tendo como objeto empírico os registros rupestres de tempos pré-coloniais localizados na região da Serra do Cipó, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Tradicionalmente estudadas pela ciencia arqueológica que interpreta tais imagens com o rigor metodológico e as teorías que lhe embasam, neste trabalho propomos analisá-las como resultante de uma triangulação entre corpo, meio e ambiente, tendo como horizonte teórico a Antropología da Imagem, de Hans Belting, e a Teoria da Cultura, de Ivan Bystrina. (...) Essa triangulação revelou que tais imagens, em sua relação de proximidade e distancia com o observador, possuem um valor de culto. Ou seja, mais que representações, essas pinturas articulavam sonhos e imaginações plasmadas na parede da rocha sob a forma de narrativas. (shrink)

To identify how digital media are being used by community-led initiatives of the Centro Region of Portugal, and to identify the requirements that a digital platform for mediation between agents in the territory should have, two focus groups were conducted, involving six small-sized community-led initiatives and six larger-sized community-led initiatives. This article details the results of these focus groups, according to the following main categories: use of existing communication and mediation tools; the purpose of use of digital tools; type of (...) experiences prompted by digital tools and attributes and features desired in a digital platform to support community-led initiatives. The results show differences between the use and needs of digital tools by small- and larger-sized initiatives and offer interesting insights to prototype an innovative digital solution, to enhance the actions of community-led initiatives. A reference framework for digital mediation strategies and a mobile app prototype were developed, based on these surveys. The article contributes with an analytical view about the development of digital solutions, which aim to strengthen the relationship among agents of local communities and promote mediation mechanisms among all stakeholders in territorial-based innovation. (shrink)

_O presente artigo vai considerar alguns problemas da obra de Huizinga, _Homo Ludens_, onde foi proposto o fator social “_play_” como constante e base da civilização humana, enfim, que “tudo é _play_”. A crítica terá em conta alguns dos principais argumentos aí apresentados, o que resulta na análise do que se considera ser uma confusão conceptual entre “_play_” e “_game_”, ou “ludicidade” e “jogo”; uma contradição entre os próprios termos do autor aquando de uma comparação entre um suposto “_play_” do (...) passado e o que entende ser o do presente; e um _engagement_ que se co-relaciona com os dois pontos anteriores. Com este trajeto, a hipótese huizingiana de um “falso-jogo” também deve ficar esclarecida._. (shrink)

Ontologies are computational artifacts that model consensual aspects of reality. In distributed contexts, applications often need to utilize information from several distinct ontologies. In order to integrate multiple ontologies, entities modeled in each ontology must be matched through an ontology alignment. However, imperfect alignments may introduce inconsistencies. One kind of inconsistency, which is often introduced, is the violation of the conservativity principle, that states that the alignment should not introduce new subsumption relations between entities from the same source ontology. We (...) propose a two-step quadratic-time algorithm for automatically correcting such violations, and evaluate it against datasets from the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative 2019, comparing the results to a state-of-the-art approach. The proposed algorithm was significantly faster and less aggressive; that is, it performed fewer modifications over the original alignment when compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm. (shrink)

O presente artigo toma em sua consideração o discreto apêndice do, então socialista, William English Walling – “Socialism and Pragmatism as seen in the Writings of Marx and Engels” – servindo de mote a um regresso à conceção materialista da história, com especial incidência nos escritos de Friedrich Engels. A escolha de Walling assinala-se pelo facto de uma alegada herança de tipo socialista-pragmatista ou marxista-pragmatista atravessar todo o século XX até aos nossos dias. Serão diversos os exemplos, mas parece residir (...) aqui o primeiro esboço de uma tal odisseia. (shrink)

The aim of the article is to offer an inventory of labour and trade-union struggle in twentieth century Brazil. The article thus focuses on the principal phases of this struggle, on the major breakthroughs and the major setbacks encountered. It ends with an overview of the challenges characteristic of the current social struggles in Brazil.

O presente artigo compartilha uma experiência filosófica vivenciada a partir do acompanhamento e relato de uma aula de filosofia e da questão: que pode uma obra literária/leitura(s) suscitar como uma experiência de pensamento numa aula de filosofia? Seguindo a reflexão do como o ato da leitura literária pode constituir-se viés proponente para principiar experiência de pensamento, fio condutor de um diálogo que movimentará a roda da conversa, dialogamos e traçamos um caminhar paralelo ora por metáfora, ora por comparação, entre o (...) relato dessa experiência vivenciada na escola da rede pública municipal e a transformação/metamorfose da borboleta. A partir de então, projetamos num dizer poético a leveza, o convite para o voo, para possibilidades de perder o chão a fim de ganhar e habitar nos ares que dá, literalmente, voz a uma criança do primeiro ano com provável diagnóstico de autismo, há seis meses inserida no ensino regular, que não falava em público. Pensando a experiência conforme Larrosa (2011) como algo que afeta, perpassa, “isso que me passa”, e o pensar na escola pública a partir de Kohan (2016), como sendo esse um dos paradoxos imperativos e preocupação primeira das práticas educacionais, perseguimos o objetivo de apresentar a filosofia para/com crianças como uma possibilidade real de oportunizar o romper de casulos, a concretização de um ciclo da metamorfose de uma infância ou da própria educação no/para o pensar; apresentamos, enfim, a importância da filosofia na/para a educação, sendo ela literariamente a oportunidade para estimular o pensar. (shrink)

In this paper I sketch some lines of response to Mark Colyvan’s indispensability arguments for the existence of inconsistent objects, being mainly concerned with the indispens ability of inconsistent mathematical entities. My response will draw heavily on Jody Azzouni’s deflationary nominalism.

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em apresentar o resultado de nossas investigações sobre o justo distributivo, segundo Aristóteles, nas obras Ética a Nicômaco (EN.) e Política (Pol.) e a contribuição de Agnes Heller no livro Além da justiça. Nesse sentido, o texto ficou divido em três tópicos, além da Introdução, a saber: 1. O justo distributivo em Ética a Nicômaco; 2. O justo distributivo em Política; 3. A contribuição de Agnes Heller sobre o justo distributivo uma sucinta Conclusão não ao (...) modo de peroração, mas à guisa de reflexão. (shrink)

Dissertação SILVA, Célio Antunes da. Estudo do corpo a partir de Merleau-Ponty: possibilidades para uma releitura da tradição cristã na contemporaneidade. 2016. Dissertação - Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte.

In analogy with Planck’s construction of fundamental quantities in gravitation, we construct fundamental quantities associated with (1) theories of electrodynamics in which the electromagnetic field has a maximum value (e.g. Born-Infeld theory), and (2) the Fermi interaction. This gives us a maximum intensity of the electromagnetic field, and also reveals a close relationship between the fundamental lengths associated with the gravitational and weak interactions, supporting the connection between these two interactions.

The main aim of this paper is to introduce first-order versions of logics of evidence and truth, together with corresponding sound and complete Kripke semantics with variable and constant domains. According to the intuitive interpretation proposed here, these logics intend to represent possibly inconsistent and incomplete information bases over time. The paper also discusses the connections between Belnap-Dunn’s and da Costa’s approaches to paraconsistency, and argues that the logics of evidence and truth combine them in a very natural way.

Este artigo aborda as motivações para a docência e os desafios enfrentados por licenciandos em psicologia. A metodologia utilizada foi a abordagem qualitativa, e o instrumento de coleta de dados questionário online com questões abertas e fechadas. Participaram do estudo, onze estudantes de cursos de licenciatura em psicologia de quatro instituições universitárias das regiões sul e sudeste do Brasil. Os resultados demonstraram que a escolha pela licenciatura se deu, sobretudo, pelo interesse e curiosidade na área da educação, apropriação dos saberes (...) pedagógicos, ampliação do mercado de trabalho, bem como as possibilidades de atuação profissional. As dificuldades apontadas revelaram: a falta de informações sobre as especificidades do curso de licenciatura e da atuação do professor de psicologia e a ausência de docentes com saberes pedagógicos para atuar na licenciatura em psicologia. Embora seja considerada formação complementar entre os estudantes, observou-se possibilidades de um ensino-aprendizagem de psicologia engajada e inventiva. (shrink)

Resenha de "O contrato racial" de Charles W. Mills.

This paper proposes different approaches to design, referring to gambiarra practices and artifacts and their relation to complexity theory, evoking critical theorists that take undecidability into account in order to link gambiarra to operations that breed complexity and responsibility. The word gambiarra comes from Brazilian slang and describes an intervention or artifact meant to provide a provisory solution to an unexpected event or crisis. This kind of alternative design differs radically from conventional design because it does not come from formally (...) trained, engineer-minded, projects. Instead, it lacks control, stability and durability. As it offers no permanent solution, it opens room for further accidents and is messy, especially if compared to a conservative model for creation that praises human predominance, soundness and efficiency. Therefore, gambiarra often has negative connotations that this analysis aims to challenge, by relating it to principles of complexity theory. Complexity theory is a transdisciplinary field for research aimed at the organization of living systems, with a vast understanding of networks and what life and govern are. It gathers insights from different disciplines to explore the interconnectivity between individuals, their systems and environment. It unveils how ambivalent information/noise relationships are fundamental for the increase of diversity in a system. It also displays the intelligent dynamics resulting from seemingly insignificant neighborhood relations that collectively make it possible to adapt and continuously change structures. With that in mind, the “deficient” aspect of gambiarra becomes more valuable, as it hints at a potential to generate new information and structures beyond entropic models that perpetuate the same logics across time. Michel Serres’s information theory presented in the book The Parasite is brought up in comparison to gambiarra, in order to explore the potential of interdependent ambiguous relationships that may not fit in dominant forms of discourse. Concomitantly, Vilém Flusser’s notion of responsibility reinforces the argument that a fabric of dynamic differences can emerge out of mutual engagement and indeterminacy. Underlying, this paper concerns with drafting ecological discourses and practices that can embrace contradictions and the plurality of worlds, noticing complex phenomena that have been pushed to the margins, while also decentralizing from hegemonic models. It questions the predominance of the prevailing design paradigm in the search for non-eurocentric and non-anthropocentric human-environment relationships and forms of provision of human needs. (shrink)

Resumo: O aumento significativo de discursos de ódio e a violência contra minorias sociais revela a sala de aula como microcosmo de uma sociedade estruturada por políticas de violência colonial e patriarcal. Experiências de sala de aula evidenciam contradições que variam em torno de práticas de libertação e/ou dominação de corpos e mentes. O ensaio propõe uma discussão sobre as políticas de dominação e o processo pedagógico na perspectiva da intelectual, ativista social e crítica cultural bell hooks. Sua concepção de (...) educação deriva de sua própria experiência de opressão de classe, raça e gênero, culminando em seu projeto ético-político de educação. Partimos da perspectiva de que a experiência do corpo em sala de aula pode ser lócus privilegiado de reflexões críticas dos sistemas interligados de opressão. Palavras-chave: Políticas de dominação; Processo pedagógico; bell hooks. Politics of domination and the pedagogical process in bell hooks Abstract: The significant increase in hate speech and violence against social minorities reveals the classroom as a microcosm of a society structured by policies of colonial and patriarchal violence. Classroom experiences reveal contradictions around practices of liberation and/or domination of bodies and minds. This essay discusses the politics of domination and the pedagogical process from the perspective of the intellectual, social activist, and cultural critic bell hooks. Her conception of education derives from her experience of class, race, and gender oppression, culminating in her ethical-political education project. We start from the perspective that the experience of the body in the classroom can be a privileged locus for critical reflections on interconnected systems of oppression. Key-words: Politics of domination; Pedagogical process; bell hooks. Política de dominación y el proceso pedagógico en bell hooks Resumen: El aumento significativo del discurso de odio y de la violencia contra las minorías sociales revela el aula como un microcosmos de una sociedad estructurada por políticas de violencia colonial y patriarcal. Las experiencias en el aula revelan contradicciones que giran en torno a prácticas de liberación y/o dominación de cuerpos y mentes. El ensayo propone una discusión sobre las políticas de dominación y el proceso pedagógico desde la perspectiva de la intelectual, activista social y crítica cultural bell hooks. Su concepción de la educación deriva de su propia experiencia de opresión de clase, raza y género, culminando en su proyecto ético-político de la educación. Partimos de la perspectiva de que la experiencia del cuerpo en el aula puede ser un locus privilegiado de reflexiones críticas de sistemas de opresión interconectados. Palabras clave: Política de dominación; Proceso pedagógico; bell hooks. Data de registro: 18/05/2023 Data de aceite: 20/09/2023. (shrink)