On Gandhian philosophy, socialism, and communism.

Christian wisdom, carried down through medieval Christian philosophy, French spiritualism, and German idealism, is now feeling the impact of a number of the philosophical currents of the day.

Through an in-depth study of four key figures - Pierre Rousselot, Joseph Marechal, Jacques Maritain, and Etienne Gilson - From Unity to Pluralism traces the evolution of Thomism in the first half of the twentieth century. Through their work, Thomisism encountered contemporary thought and rediscovered its authentic roots, and the ideal of a univocal, unitary doctrine of Scholastic truth embodied in the unambiguous teachings of Thomas Aquinas, which had inspired the Thomist revival at the end of the nineteenth century, gradually (...) gave way. The result is the emergence of pluralism within the system itself and the independent development of the theologies of Karl Rahner and Bernard Lonergan. (shrink)

La filosofía analítica parte del presupuesto de que muchos de nuestros errores se deben al uso incorrecto del lenguaje. El lenguaje dificulta entender los problemas que planteamos y genera, muchas veces, laberintos de los que resulta difícil escapar. Los problemas no son, en ocasiones, más que problemas lingüísticos devenidos del uso impropio de las palabras. La filosofía analítica propone examinar rigurosamente los términos empleados y las expresiones utilizadas. Por esta razón, es necesario estudiar las estructuras lingüísticas con el fin de (...) inquirir las posibles paradojas. El uso del lenguaje tiene repercusión sobre nuestra forma de entender el mundo. Emprender el estudio la evolución seguida por Ludwing Wittgenstein del análisis del lenguaje en su labor laboriosa pero fascinante. Por una parte, ha obtenido importantes resultados en el plano terapéutico y práctico y, por otra, su mismo esfuerzo de reagrupar estos resultados surgidos de las investigaciones sobre el lenguaje es cada vez más valioso. (shrink)

Why is a red face not really red? How do we decide that this book is a textbook or not? Conceptual spaces provide the medium on which these computations are performed, but an additional operation is needed: Contrast. By contrasting a reddish face with a prototypical face, one gets a prototypical ‘red’. By contrasting this book with a prototypical textbook, the lack of exercises may pop out. Dynamic contrasting is an essential operation for converting perceptions into predicates. The existence of (...) dynamic contrasting may contribute to explaining why lexical meanings correspond to convex regions of conceptual spaces. But it also explains why predication is most of the time opportunistic, depending on context. While off-line conceptual similarity is a holistic operation, the contrast operation provides a context-dependent distance that creates ephemeral predicative judgments that are essential for interfacing conceptual spaces with natural language and with reasoning. (shrink)

Study of Parāśaragītā, portion of Śāntiparva of Mahābhārata; includes Sanskrit text with Hindi translation.