Based on retrospection on the reappraisal of the past in Hungary since 1989, this text analyses the representation of the Communist era in the Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, the Terror Háza Múzeum and the Hadtörténeti Múzeum Budapest. All three museums place the suppression of the Hungarian people at the centre of their narration, while depicting the Hungarian nation as a victim. The 1956 revolution is staged as a central turning point in the second half of the 20th century, which (...) supplies the narrative with a fresh set of martyrs. In this context, Imre Nagy not only takes the role of an icon with regard to the events of 1956, but his re-interment is also seen as a climax of the turnabout of 1989. (shrink)

Der Zusammenhang zwischen liberaler Demokratie als Staats- und Lebensform, politischer und ökologischer Bildung und einer angemessenen Einrichtung und Neuausrichtung menschlicher Naturverhältnisse im Lichte des Klimawandels ist nicht zuletzt auf Grund der Bewegung „Fridays for Future“ ein Thema, das in der aktuellen öffentlichen Selbstverständigung dauerpräsent ist. Zugleich ist dieser Konnex mit Grundsatzfragen verbunden, die das Selbstverständnis liberaler Demokratien und ihrer Erziehungs- und Bildungssysteme in ihrem normativen Kern betreffen. In dem Band werden unterschiedliche miteinander verschränkte Problemdimensionen des Zusammenhangs zwischen Bildung, Demokratie und (...) Klimawandel theoretisch und empirisch rekonstruiert, analysiert und diskutiert. (shrink)

Der Band prüft den Begriff Responsibilisierung aus unterschiedlichen disziplinären Perspektiven auf seine Aktualität, sein analytisches Gewicht und seine theoretischen Bedeutungen und bringt so die Erziehungswissenschaft mit der Soziologie, der Philosophie oder der Geschichtswissenschaft ins Gespräch. Es wird sowohl danach gefragt, welche tragfähigen theoretischen, analytischen und politischen Perspektiven mit einer positiven Bezugnahme auf die Begriffe und verbunden sind, als auch danach, welche Kritiken angemessen erscheinen.

BackgroundPrevious studies suggested a circadian variation of migraine attack onset, although, with contradictory results – possibly because of the existence of migraine subgroups with different circadian attack onset peaks. Migraine is primarily a brain disorder, and if the diversity in daily distribution of migraine attack onset reflects an important aspect of migraine, it may also associate with interictal brain activity. Our goal was to assess brain activity differences in episodic migraine subgroups who were classified according to their typical circadian peak (...) of attack onset.MethodsTwo fMRI studies were conducted with migraine without aura patients (n= 31 in Study 1,n= 48 in Study 2). Among them, three subgroups emerged with typical Morning, Evening, and Varying start of attack onset. Whole brain activity was compared between the groups in an implicit emotional processing fMRI task, comparing fearful, sad, and happy facial stimuli to neutral ones.ResultsIn both studies, significantly increased neural activation was detected to fearful (but not sad or happy) faces. In Study 1, the Evening start group showed increased activation compared to the Morning start group in regions involved in emotional, self-referential (left posterior cingulate gyrus, right precuneus), pain (including left middle cingulate, left postcentral, left supramarginal gyri, right Rolandic operculum) and sensory (including bilateral superior temporal gyrus, right Heschl’s gyrus) processing. While in Study 2, the Morning start group showed increased activation compared to the Varying start group at a nominally significant level in regions with pain (right precentral gyrus, right supplementary motor area) and sensory processing (bilateral paracentral lobule) functions.ConclusionOur fMRI studies suggest that different circadian attack onset peaks are associated with interictal brain activity differences indicating heterogeneity within migraine patients and alterations in sensitivity to threatening fearful stimuli. Circadian variation of migraine attack onset may be an important characteristic to address in future studies and migraine prophylaxis. (shrink)

El pintor Rafael Ángel Fernández Piedra, fallecido en 2018, es considerado uno de los artistas más representativos de Costa Rica, cuya obra ha tenido también una proyección internacional considerable, al formar parte de la Colección del Museo José Luis Cuevas en Ciudad de México, así como de la Colección del Museo Rally de Arte Contemporáneo, en Punta del Este, Uruguay, entre otros. Obtuvo el premio Aquileo J. Echeverría en Artes Plásticas en 1968, 1972 y 1975, así como el premio Nacional (...) de Cultura Magón en 2002, el más importante galardón que otorga el Estado costarricense en reconocimiento a una vida dedicada a la cultura. Como homenaje póstumo a este insigne creador, en esta edición la Revista Ístmica convierte su sección de Artes Visuales en una galería virtual dedicada a la exposición de parte de su obra, comentada sentidamente por su hija, la curadora y también artista, Alma Fernández. (shrink)

The author studies the Magyar and Slovak ideas of common good that concerned the inhabitants of Hungary in the first half of the 19th century. The Magyar model was based on the rights of an individual, their civic duties, and virtues. Its realisation, however, lay in preferring the interests of the Magyar nation and required the adoption of full Magyar national identity, i.e. assimilation and ethnocide of the non-Magyar inhabitants of Hungary. The author characterises this (...) model as exclusive, chauvinist, and nationalist-Messianic, masquerading as liberal values. On the other hand, the Slovak model of common good was based on the presumption of equal rights and duties for all citizens of Hungary while preserving the possibility of the growth, development, and cultivation of each individual, including the opportunity to gain education in one’s own mother tongue. The author perceives the Slovak model as inclusive, pluralist, and humanist; he considers it as a better alternative for the future of Hungary, which, however, could not be pursued. That means there were two incompatible approaches to the common good of the inhabitants of Hungary, which resulted in the downfall of Hungary. (shrink)

En su sitio de Facebook, llamado “Fantasmas del Cordobazo”, Sebastián Cánepa, actualiza, por medio de la superposición de imágenes pasadas y presentes, la insurrección popular en las calles cordobesas. Aflora un tiempo superpuesto, condensado que se vuelve nítido con el contraste entre el color y las formas de las fotos actuales y el blanco y negro del año 69.

En el mes de marzo, a 43 años de la última dictadura argentina, se realizó en el Museo de Arte y Memoria la muestra “Memoria colectiva en tiempos de genocidios”. Con la curaduría de Laura Pomerantz*, la misma reunió un conjunto de obras realizadas por seis artistas, en torno a la temática de los genocidios.

Riassunto Il lavoro si incentra sulla figura di Galeria Valeria, figlia di Diocleziano e moglie di Galerio. Un’attenzione particolare è stata riservata a Galeria come moglie e madre: l’analisi si sofferma sulla notizia del retore Lattanzio inerente alla sterilità di Galeria Valeria e alla conseguente adozione di un figlio, Candidiano, che Galerio avrebbe avuto dall’unione con una concubina, aprendo un ampio excursus su problematiche di carattere giuridico quali l’adoptio/adrogatio, la legittimazione, il iustum matrimonium e il concubinato. Si cerca poi di (...) affrontare la complessa questione riguardante l’adesione o meno da parte della donna al cristianesimo, anche mediante l’analisi comparativa del testo lattanziano con un passo rabbinico. Al fine di far luce sull’individualità e sulla regalità della donna si è poi proceduto all’analisi delle iconografie presenti sul recto delle monete con effigiato il ritratto dell’Augusta. Lo studio di una serie di epigrafi, selezionate in quanto attestanti il titolo di mater castrorum, ha consentito di rinvenire le nobili virtù dell’Augusta connotata come sacratissima / θιοτάτη, piissima / σεβαστή / εὐσεβεστάτη. L’ultima parte del lavoro è dedicata alla sorte di Galeria vedova esule senza fissa dimora prima, e poi destinata ad una fine atroce, per lasciare quindi spazio a riflessioni nuovamente sul rapporto Galeria Valeria – Candidiano, e concludere con la ‘Valeria’, quella provincia della Pannonia Inferiore così denominata da Galerio in onore della moglie. (shrink)

Complemento del artículo El problema de la verdad en las religiones del Paleolítico.

This paper outlines the history of Hungarian ethnography and anthropology and their role in the construction of the nation and Hungarian liberalism in the Dualist period . Affected by the specific socio-political conditions of this ethnically most diverse country of contemporary Europe, the disciplinary trajectories of Hungarian ethnography and anthropology diverge considerably from the models offered by the historiography in the British, French and German contexts. The paper argues that the pluralistic, cultural and strongly integrative ethnographic tradition that prevailed in (...) Hungary in the last decades of the nineteenth century did not notably wane and shift towards a biological, hierarchical and racialist thinking by the end of the First World War. Furthermore, Hungarian liberalism did not simply provide the milieu for these disciplines to flourish, but was itself partly the result of these disciplines’ attempts to formulate the very concepts of ethnicity and race. (shrink)