Dans l’Allégorie de la caverne de Platon, les prisonniers ne peuvent voir et connaître que les ombres projetées devant eux. Ce texte est souvent utilisé pour comprendre l’idéalisme platonique et illustrer les difficultés auxquelles un prisonnier libéré se trouve confronté alors qu’il avance vers la lumière du soleil à l’extérieur de la caverne, lui permettant de voir la réalité d’un monde qu’il n’aurait même pas pu imaginer. La philosophie se présente comme un outil de connaissance et de libération, qui permet (...) à l’homme de se libérer des chaînes de l’ignorance et de l’oppression; mais paradoxalement, les bénéfices de cette discipline ont été pensés pour peu de personnes; seul un prisonnier parvient à se libérer, et s’il retourne dans la caverne pour raconter tout ce qu’il a vécu en dehors de celle-ci, les autres prisonniers pourraient même le tuer, si elle ose les délier de leurs chaînes. Des siècles plus tard, à l’époque de la modernité, dans Le conflit des facultés (1798) Immanuel Kant limite la portée de la philosophie à la maîtrise des spécialistes travaillant dans les universités, En formulant de sérieuses objections à la possibilité que cette discipline puisse s’exprimer au-delà des murs de ces institutions. La République Bolivarienne du Vénézuéla a rejoint l’objectif de la chaire UNESCO de l’Université de Nantes, de contribuer au développement des pratiques philosophiques avec les enfants, donc cet article vise à présenter comment, dans un pays d’Amérique latine, dans les conditions actuelles de la société vénézuélienne, il est possible de penser à former la liberté civique des nouvelles générations de Vénézuéliens, en complétant la route platonique de sortir de l’ombre de l’opinion à la lumière de la vérité. Recherche alignée sur les objectifs de développement durable 10 et 16, pour soulever la nécessité de réduire les inégalités dans le domaine de l’étude de la philosophie et l’urgence de former une nouvelle génération de citoyens engagés pour la paix et la participation typiques d’une démocratie durable. (shrink)

Uno de los desafíos actuales de la Humanidad es salvaguardar su existencia como especie por medio de un desarrollo sostenible. Es una meta con fuertes implicaciones políticas, económicas, sociales, científicas y tecnológicas, porque implica la adopción de un modelo de sociedad distinto, en el que el avance de nuestros conocimientos y estilos de vida no continúen alterando el equilibrio de la Naturaleza. Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar la dimensión ético-pedagógica de tal desafío, haciendo referencia a la necesidad de formar (...) el carácter moral de niños y adolescentes según una Ética de la Virtud. (shrink)

A key issue in the business ethics field is the design of effective measures for assessing the ethical culture of organizations. The Corporate Ethical Virtues Model (CEV), developed by Kaptein in 2008, is an instrument for measuring ethical culture, and has been applied, adapted and validated in different contexts. In 2013, DeBode, Armenakis, Field and Walker developed the CEV–S, a shortened version of the original scale. Both the CEV and CEV–S assess eight dimensions based on corporate ethical virtues: clarity, congruency (...) of supervisors, congruency of senior management, feasibility, supportability, transparency, discussability and sanctionability. The objective of this study is to present a Spanish version of the CEV–S and its validation process. The scale was applied to two samples of 114 and 193 Colombian employees from two companies operating in the services sector. The confirmatory factor analyses revealed a good fit for the eight-factor structure of the Spanish CEV–S and the statistical tests applied showed good levels of reliability and validity for this scale. The adequate psychometric properties shown by the Spanish CEV–S may support its use in future research to measure organizational ethical culture in Spanish-speaking settings. (shrink)

La filosofía tiene una tarea fundamental que es dialogar y pensar sobre algo particular, la moda es uno de ellos; tiene un tiempo, un espacio y un lugar en el que se despliega, en la base de su estructura está la exclusión social y tiene como fin la hiperrealidad. Esto es posible analizarlo bajo la mira de distintos autores como Walter Benjamin, Georg Simmel, Jean Baudrillard, los cuales me permiten visibilizar algunos elementos de la moda que perduran en el modo (...) en el que vivimos cotidianamente. (shrink)

Las imágenes de san Francisco de Asís se multiplican en Europa con la función de servir de modelo a los frailes menores y despertar la veneración de los fieles mediante el conocimiento de los episodios más significativos de su hagiografía. Para comprender el significado último de estas representaciones es necesario recordar dónde fueron realizadas, aunando aspectos formales y fuentes literarias que sir­vieron de inspiración a los pintores de la Baja Edad Media. En las siguientes líneas veremos el importante papel de (...) los franciscanos como comitentes, la difusión de las biografías de Tomás de Celano y san Buenaventura y su recepción en las imágenes, especialmente, a partir de los frescos de Giotto di Bondone en Asís. Estos constituyen un punto de inflexión en la evolución de los repertorios franciscanos, por su renovación e incidencia en la consoli­dación de símbolos parlantes y fórmulas de representación de carácter narrativo en la iconografía franciscana. No es objeto de este trabajo la catalogación de imágenes, sino reseñar las principales variables de la imagen de san Francisco desde el siglo xiii al xv a partir de piezas muy elocuentes respecto a su origen y evolución posterior. (shrink)

In this paper two deductive systems associated with relevance logic are studied from an algebraic point of view. One is defined by the familiar, Hilbert-style, formalization of R; the other one is a weak version of it, called WR, which appears as the semantic entailment of the Meyer-Routley-Fine semantics, and which has already been suggested by Wójcicki for other reasons. This weaker consequence is first defined indirectly, using R, but we prove that the first one turns out to be an (...) axiomatic extension of WR. Moreover we provide WR with a natural Gentzen calculus. It is proved that both deductive systems have the same associated class of algebras but different classes of models on these algebras. The notion of model used here is an abstract logic, that is, a closure operator on an abstract algebra; the abstract logics obtained in the case of WR are also the models, in a natural sense, of the given Gentzen calculus. (shrink)

Business ethics is one of the most significant demands made by institutional and individual investors, who usually require the participation of the board of directors in the planning and implementation of ethical behaviour in corporations. This is done by drawing up an ethics code and then monitoring its fulfilment. This study has a dual objective: first, to analyse the role played by the composition of the board of directors, and by that we mean its independence and the diversity of its (...) members, on the implementation and scope of an EC, and, second, to detect whether the corporate governance system moderates the level of involvement of the board in ethical issues. The findings obtained from a data panel sample made up of 760 listed companies from 12 countries for the years 2003–2009 show that the largest companies with large-sized and diverse boards implement the most developed ECs. Nevertheless, the extent of involvement of the independent directors is conditioned by the level of shareholder orientation characteristic of the system of CG in the corporation’s country of origin. (shrink)

El presente artículo confronta la abstracción resolutiva con la abstracción inmaterializante tradicional, mostrando, por medio de cuatro vías, que la abstracción resolutiva es una conquista del pensamiento de Tomás de Aquino que conlleva un replanteamiento de la epistemología aquiniana.

En el libro Teorías sin disciplina, los teóricos Santiago Castro-Gómez, Alberto Moreiras y Walter Mignolo, cuestionan los discursos producidos sobre América Latina desde la academia estadounidense y latinoamericana, notablemente influida por la visión del país del norte. Postulan la necesidad de producir nuevos discursos vinculados con lo local y lo diverso en respuesta al impulso homogeneizador globalizante vigente en la actualidad. Aquí, presentamos un recuento de las reflexiones de estos teóricos y las ponemos en diálogo con la obra literaria del (...) Elicura Chihuailaf titulada Recado confidencial a los chilenos. El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar el carácter poscolonial y posoccidental de una obra literaria que es en sí misma un forma de resistencia y de oposición a esa homogenización discursiva de la identidad latinoamericana que, desde la occidentalización y la permanencia del pensamiento colonial, ha imperado por largo tiempo en los estudios latinoamericanistas. (shrink)

La filosofía tradicional ha postulado concepciones sobre la relación razón- lenguaje en aras de garantizar las condiciones de posibilidad ontológicas del segundo, a partir de los ordenamientos de la primera. La razón se ha postulado como la facultad que da origen al lenguaje; lineamientos sobre los cuales se han construido diferentes postulados epistemológicos. En una vía opuesta se instaura la filosofía de John Searle, quien inicia una bifurcación en contra de la tradición al considerar la razón como una cualidad de (...) la intencionalidad humana; teoría, en la cual, el lenguaje es el elemento que hace posible el desarrollo de la razón: sin lenguaje no existe la racionalidad. El presente artículo pretende mostrar cómo la filosofía analítica del John Searle plantea un giro en la concepción de la racionalidad, en pos de comprenderla, ya no como una facultad propia del entendimiento humano, sino como un proceso mental generado a partir del uso del lenguaje. (shrink)

This paper presents a study on how corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies create value amongst family and non-family firms. Additionally, in our study, we considered the moderating effect of independent directors on the relationship between CSR and firm value. Based on data drawn from companies operating in 61 countries over an 11-year period (i.e. from 2010 to 2020), our findings demonstrate that non-family firms derive market benefits from the governance improvements made by independent directors concerning CSR strategies. In contrast, the (...) CSR strategies promoted within family firms are associated with lower firm value. However, this negative association is neutralised by the role played by independent directors, especially when the company is controlled by succeeding generations and not just by the founding one. These directors play a dissuasive role that leads family members to reassess their external socio-emotional preferences (reputation, image, etc.) in order to uphold the internal priorities of day-to-day decision-making. Our study has important implications for research and practice. (shrink)

El análisis del lenguaje prescriptivo y el lenguaje descriptivo es algo de lo que se ha encargado la filosofía analítica. Sus estudios discurren, entre otros, sobre problemas como el que plantea la denominada “falacia naturalista” o “El problema de la guillotina”, donde autores como Hume, y malas interpretaciones sobre lo trabajado por Moore acerca de las propiedades “naturales” y “no- naturales” del lenguaje, han afirmado la imposibilidad de derivar un “Debe” de un “Es”, llegando con ello a la tesis que (...) sostiene que “ningún conjunto de enunciados descriptivos puede entrañar un enunciado evaluativo”. Sin embargo, los estudios del lenguaje de John Searle nos muestra que “el lenguaje, en todas partes, está acribillado de contraejemplos al punto de vista según el cual “no pueden seguirse evaluaciones a partir de descripciones” ya que para hablar de la validez de un argumento, que usa lenguaje descriptivo, es preciso usar términos evaluativos propios del lenguaje prescriptivo, lo cual nos lleva a relacionar lógicamente ambos enunciados. Este análisis del lenguaje nos abre un camino a la exploración en el ámbito de la moral que, si bien es cierto no lo trabaja directamente el autor, sí nos deja una brecha para hacerlo; la solución a este problema nos llevaría, entonces, a pensar en la posibilidad de trabajar los enunciados morales como enunciados válidos racionalmente al relacionarlos con enunciados descriptivos. En este trabajo presentaré los argumentos de Searle para defender cómo se deriva un “Debe” de un “Es”, y en la última parte plantearé cómo esta teoría puede acercarnos a una fundamentación de validez en los enunciados morales. (shrink)

Background: In the last decades, there have been important developments in the scientific and technological areas of healthcare. On certain occasions this provokes conflict between the patients' rights and the values of healthcare professionals which brings about, within this clinical relationship, the problem of conscientious objection. Aims: To learn the opinions that the Nurses of the Madrid Autonomous Community have regarding conscientious objection. Research design: Cross-cutting descriptive study. Participants and research context: The nurses of 9 hospitals and 12 Health Centers (...) in the Madrid Autonomous Community. The study was done by means of an auto completed anonymous questionnaire. The variables studied were social-demographical and their opinions about conscientious objections. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Ethical Community of Clinical Research of the University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias. Participants were assured of maximum confidentiality and anonymity. Findings: A total of 421 nurses answered the questionnaire. In total, 55.6% of the nurses confirmed they were religious believers, and 64.3% declared having poor knowledge regarding conscientious objection. The matters that caused the greatest objections were voluntary abortions, genetic embryo selection, refusal of blood transfusions, and therapy refusal. Discussion: Different authors state that the most significant cases of conscientious objections for health professionals are those regarding carrying out or assisting in abortions, euthanasia, the practice of assisted reproduction and, finally, the prescription and dispensing of the morning-after pill. In our study, the most significant cases in which the nurses would declare conscientious objections would be the refusal to accept treatment, the selection of embryos after genetic diagnosis preimplantation, the patient’s refusal to receive blood transfusions due to religious reasons and pregnant women’s request for voluntary abortions within the first 14 weeks. Conclusion: Nurses’ religious beliefs influence their opinions regarding conscientious objection. The nurses who declare themselves as religious believers object in a higher percentage than those without religious beliefs. (shrink)

Los caminos espinosos en la construcción del conocimiento son un cometido al que solo el animal humano se ha enfrentado. El uso de un lenguaje proposicional le ha permitido iniciar construcciones racionales, que dan origen a las teorías más complejas en pos de comprender los enigmas del universo, y con ello iniciar la separación tajante entre episteme y doxa. Los discursos más enmarañados, rígidos y rigurosos convocan a científicos y epistemólogos. Enunciados con términos que, en ocasiones, se tornan oscuros y (...) poco comprensibles a quienes inician sus procesos formativos en el campo de la ciencia y la filosofía. Tal vez por ello se presenta un contraste actual en la enseñanza de las ciencias: por una parte, quienes apuestan por enseñar la rigidez de los enunciados científicos, y la conciben bajo un lenguaje unívoco, neutral y de carácter lógico-deductivo; y por otro lado, quienes la humanizan desde dinámicas móviles y cimentaciones semánticas artificiosas, las cuales, se alejan —como lo expone Héctor Palma en el prólogo del libro Bestiario epistemológico. Metáforas zoomórficas y de otras entidades en la enseñanza de las ciencias y la epistemología– de los enunciados depurados y se valen de nuevos discursos desde el ámbito literario, en los que abundan las metáforas. (shrink)

Con el presente artículo se propone continuar el diálogo entre la tradición hermenéutica y el psicoanálisis, reconociendo en ellas dos de las corrientes de pensamiento más influyentes en la época contemporánea. Con este acercamiento se pretende aportar a la reflexión, siempre fecunda, sobre el abordaje de textos literarios a partir del acto interpretativo.

Este texto es un estudio profundo sobre lo poético en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges, rastreado no solo en sus poemas sino en su narrativa: ensayo y cuento. Lo que permite sostener que la cualidad principal de su escritura se encarna en la figura del poeta. El eje central del estudio se refiere a la particularidad de su adjetivación en la cual puede reconocerse el vínculo entre literatura y filosofía puesto que en la escritura de Borges el adjetivo no (...) es un mero adorno sino una manera de vincular pensamiento y poesía y hacer posible que en la lectura de sus textos el lector experimente el efecto que las ideas tienen sobre la vida. (shrink)

En los procesos sociopolíticos de superación de los conflictos armados, la recuperación de la Memoria histórica está ocupando un lugar central debido al papel que está juega para una efectiva reconciliación donde la verdad, la reparación y el perdón forman parte de ese proceso. La experiencia cristiana, como comunidad de memoria tiene mucho que aportar en la medida que articule la reflexión crítica sobre qué memoria, desde dónde, desde quiénes; con el potencial liberador del Dios que se pone del lado (...) de las víctimas y desde ellas no deja que se olvide su dolor sino que busca transformarlo. Además incorporar la perspectiva de género, permite reconocer las diferencias genéricas que influyen en la recuperación de la memoria histórica. Mostrar la relevancia de estas articulaciones, es el propósito de este artículo con la invitación a transformar la pastoral urbana que pretende acompañar a las personas en situación de desplazamiento. In socio-political processes of overcoming armed conflict, the Historical Memory is taking a central point because of the role it plays for effective reconciliation where "truth, reparation and forgiveness" are part of that process. Christian experience, as memory community has much to contribute to articulate the critical reflection about what memory, from where, from whom; with the liberating potential of the God who takes the side of the victims and doesn’t allow to forget them neither their pain and seeks transformation. Besides, incorporate the gender perspective, allow to recognize the gender differences and their influences in the recovery of historical memory. Show the relevance of these articulations is the purpose of this article with an invitation to transform urban pastoral in order to support displaced people. (shrink)

This research sought to evaluate the impact of a gamified resource program on inclusive education learning and the strengthening of inclusive skills in university students in the city of Machala, Ecuador; focusing on knowledge and understanding. The research has a quantitative approach, with a quasi-experimental design, used an Educational Inclusion questionnaire with multiple options which was based on a Likert scale, was used as a data collection instrument, with a representative sample of 60 students of the seventh semester of the (...) Pedagogy of Experimental Sciences career. After the implementation of the learning sessions, a significant improvement was observed in the experimental group, evidenced by an increase in the "Achieved" category and a significant reduction in the "Start" category. Inferential analysis showed that the program had a significant impact compared to the control group, with a significance level of 0.001. In conclusion, the program proved to be an effective tool to strengthen the dimension of knowledge and understanding in university students, thus contributing to Sustainable Development Goal number 4 on quality education. (shrink)

Las estrategias de lectura que utilizan los estudiantes universitarios en el desarrollo de la lectura académica en inglés resultan ser fundamentales para el desarrollo del pensamiento y la construcción de significados. En Chile, se reporta que las estrategias de lectura en universitarios son poco variadas. Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar y analizar las concepciones de lectura de los y las estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Pedagogía en inglés, y cómo estas pueden guiar el (...) uso de determinadas estrategias de lectura. Respecto de la metodología, el diseño fue cuantitativo-descriptivo, los participantes fueron 45, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario sobre concepciones de lectura y otro sobre estrategias de lectura. Finalmente, se identificó que los estudiantes de la carrera de inglés presentan simultáneamente tanto concepciones reproductivas como epistémicas y que las estrategias de lectura se utilizan principalmente antes de la lectura y durante la misma. (shrink)

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in some populations being confined to their homes as part of infection control measures. This situation can be hard to cope with due to separation from loved ones, prohibition of regular activities, fear of infection, loss of freedom, and so on. These negative impacts cause considerable psychological stress, and all the more so when the situation continues for an extended period, as was the case in Spain. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects (...) of COVID-19 quarantine on the emotional functioning of confined Spanish individuals after 8 weeks of lockdown by means of a cross-sectional study. The possible associations between changes in emotional functioning and demographic variables, health habits, social support, and resilience were also analyzed.MethodsA total of 906 Spanish adults completed an online survey to gather information about their prevailing mood and affects, using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and other variables related to their habits and protective factors.FindingsAs expected, the data indicated an increase in negative affects and a decrease in positive affects after 8 weeks under lockdown, as well as a general decline in overall mood. The largest increases in negative affects were observed in young adults and women. We did not find any differences between people who were or were not diagnosed with COVID-19. Adhering to a routine, maintaining the same weight, and moderate physical exercise were associated with fewer negative affects, which indicates they are important protective factors, as are perceived social support and resilience.ConclusionIn order to mitigate the psychological impact of confinement, it is important to develop psychoeducational measures that encourage subjects to adhere to health habits and promote social support and resilience as protective factors. A special preventive focus should be placed on the most vulnerable population groups, namely women and young adults. For a public health lockdown to succeed, its negative consequences must be minimized insofar as possible through adequate knowledge of the risk factors and protective factors, and by means of prevention-oriented organization. (shrink)

The exceptional pandemic due to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has obliged all Italians to stay at home. In the literature, there are evidences that traumatic global events, such as natural catastrophes and pandemic, have negative effects on the physical and psychological health of the population. We carried out a survey to analyze the physical and psychological conditions of Italians during the pandemic. Due to the severe limitations in moving during the phase one lockdown, the survey was administered by internet. (...) Results show that Italians followed the provisions established by the Italian government to avoid contamination, but 43% of them declared to have suffered from physical symptoms, in particular migraine, sleep disorders, persistent exhaustion, and difficulty of concentration. They have great fear to be contaminated or that relatives or friends can be contaminated, and they actively take actions to avoid contamination. Participants declared that they had suffered a lot of inconveniences due to restrictions in their movements, and that their life habits were strongly changed. They spent their time at home in different activities, but their psychological well-being was strongly impaired by the lockdown. The level of anxiety tripled, in relation to the prepandemic period, and 30% of males and 41% of females declared to have severe levels of depression. Participants with high levels of optimism and hopefulness show a stronger resilience against anxiety and depression. In addition, there is a negative correlation between anxiety and depression and the five factors of personality. These results show that psychological diseases must not be neglected, and that people in lockdown do need support for their psychological health, also with the help of internet and communication technologies. (shrink)

Entrevista realizada en Buenos Aires el 22 de noviembre de 2018, a María Herrera Magdaleno, madre de personas desaparecidas en México y activista por los derechos humanos, donde presenta las luchas del movimiento de familiares de desaparecidos en México y las labores llevadas adelante por la Cuarta Brigada Nacional de Búsqueda de Personas.

As a result of recent corporate scandals, several rules have focused on the role played by Boards of Directors on the planning and monitoring of corporate codes of ethics. In theory, outside directors are in a better position than insiders to protect and further the interests of all stakeholders because of their experience and their sense of moral and legal obligations. Female directors also tend to be more sensitive to ethics according to several past studies which explain this affirmation by (...) early gender socialization, the fact that women are thought to place a greater emphasis on harmonious relations and the fact that men and women use different ethical frameworks in their judgments. The goal of this paper is to determine the influence of these characteristics of the Board in terms of promoting and hindering the creation of a code of ethics. Our findings show that a greater number of female directors does not necessarily lead to more ethical companies. Moreover, within Europe as a continent, board ownership leads to an entrenchment of upper-level management, generating a divergence between the ethical interests of owners and managers. In light of this situation, the presence of independent directors is necessary to reduce such conflicts. (shrink)

This article analyzes a panel of 550 international firms, for the period 2004 to 2010, to compare the role of female directors in family and non-family firms in promoting responsible practices. Many studies have associated the presence of women on the board with a higher degree of socially responsible commitment. However, we found that this is much less so in family firms than in non-family firms. In family firms, corporate social responsibility commitment does not vary significantly with the presence of (...) female directors, as the latter tend to behave in accordance with the family orientation toward CSR. This orientation depends on the stakeholders being addressed, with greater social responsibility shown toward external stakeholders than internal ones. (shrink)

Background: COVID-19 has taken many lives worldwide and due to this, millions of persons are in grief. When the grief process lasts longer than 6 months, the person is in risk of developing Complicated Grief Disorder. The CGD is related to serious health consequences. To reduce the probability of developing CGD a preventive intervention could be applied. In developing countries like Mexico, the psychological services are scarce, self-applied interventions could provide support to solve this problem and reduce the health impact (...) even after the pandemic has already finished.Aims: To design and implement a self-applied intervention composed of 12 modules focused on the decrease of the risk of developing CGD, and increasing the life quality, and as a secondary objective to reduce the symptomatology of anxiety, depression, and increase of sleep quality. The Intervention Duelo COVID follows the principles of User Experience and is designed according to the needs and desires of a sample of the objective participants, to increase the adherence to the self-applied intervention, considered one of the main weaknesses of online interventions.Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted from the 22nd of December of 2020 to the first of June 2021. The participants will be assigned to an intervention with elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. The control group will be a wait-list condition, that will receive the intervention 1.5–2 months after the pre-measurement were taken. The Power Size Calculation conducted through G*Power indicated the need for a total of 42 participants, which will be divided by 21 participants in each group. The platform will be delivered through responsive design assuring with this that the intervention will adapt to the screen size of cellphones, tablets, and computers.Ethics and Dissemination: The study counts with the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, México, and it is registered in Clinical Trials. The article is sent and registered in clinical trials before the recruitment started. The results will be reported in future conferences, scientific publications, and media. (shrink)

The role of demographic terminology in the fields of medicine and public health is critical in the identification and allocation of resources to the communities that most benefit from intervention...

The goal of this research is to know and compare the emotions and reactions to confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with high abilities and community samples. This is a mixed study with an exploratory reach that is descriptive, and which combines survey and qualitative methodologies to examine the emotions and reactions to confinement experiences of children and adolescents aged between 5 and 14 years. An online poll was designed with 46 questions, grouped into three sections: (...) General Data, Reactions to the health contingencies of COVID-19, and Positive and negative emotions. This last section was included the Oros’ positive emotions questionnaire and the scales of the negative effect of the PANAS Schedule positive and negative affect on children and adolescents between 8 and 14 years old. Data were collected online with a convenience sample. Quantitative data were analyzed with the SPSS statistics program and qualitative data with Alceste software. Among the main findings is the fact that there are no significant differences between the groups by ability in terms of reactions and emotions; however, there are differences between age groups and sex. The study discusses the implications for educational intervention in situations like the current pandemic. (shrink)

Este artículo muestra los resultados de un estudio de caso centrado en la puesta en marcha de un programa didáctico en un centro de primaria. El programa constó de dos actuaciones didácticas distintas en dos períodos de prácticum de magisterio. La primera se realizó con 2 grupos de 6º durante 5 sesiones y la segunda con 2 grupos de 5º durante 4 sesiones. Participaron 53 estudiantes. El tema escogido fue la Guerra Civil. Se combinaron conocimientos y emociones. De las observaciones (...) de la docente en prácticas, así como del análisis temático realizado sobre las intervenciones y producciones del alumnado, se evidencia cómo la simbiosis entre una educación patrimonial crítica, asentada sobre la memoria como forma de entender el paisaje, y la realización de salidas contextualizadas al entorno, refuerzan en el alumnado destrezas cívico-sociales. (shrink)

To build a culture of integrity in a HE institution, innovative approaches are needed to enhance education of research ethics and integrity. In addition to educating students, understanding is needed on how to facilitate for those who lead others. The focus is on early-career researchers as future REI leaders. The current study sheds light on how learning and REI leadership competencies evolve during scaffolded collaborative research ethics training for this target group. The study combines new instruments as part of holistic (...) DBR. Data was collected from 3 groups of experienced researchers attending 3 training sessions in the form of written group reports and group discussion recordings. Qualitative deductive analysis was utilised for monitoring the learning process, scaffolding patterns, and display of REI leadership principles. Also, quantitative analysis was applied to group discussion data, displaying the nature of collaboration. Results imply that collaborative case-based role play format is effective in training future REI leaders. All groups displayed high levels of understanding. Combining ECRs and researchers with leadership experience supported knowledge building in the groups by bringing in various perspectives. Even though groups required different amounts of scaffolding, the nature was similar: maintaining goal orientation, highlighting critical features and redirecting learners. Learning analytics of collaboration indicated that the person with leadership experience was not necessarily the most active participant nor took the role of a ‘group leader’. Still, it was mostly that person who displayed leadership competencies thus supporting other group members to develop leadership aspects. (shrink)

Some feminists in the battered women's movement have been striving to develop egalitarian and participatory organizational structures for shelters. The Family Crisis Shelter offers a case study of a feminist shelter that is operating with a counterbureaucratic organizational structure. The shelter has a staff of nonprofessionals, makes all policy decisions through consensus, pays all staff the same wages, and imposes minimal regulations and restrictions on residents, who are encouraged to take initiative and make decisions. The article discusses the successes and (...) limitations of the nonbureaucratic structure for implementing the feminist goals of consensus and empowerment. (shrink)

This original article outlines a theoretical path and posterior critical analysis regarding two relevant matters in modern nursing: patterns of knowing in nursing and commodification contexts in contemporary health systems. The aim of our manuscript is to examine the development of basic and contextual nursing knowledge in commodified contexts. For this purpose, we outline a discussion and reflexive dialogue based on a literature search and our clinical experience. To lay the foundation for an informed discussion, we conducted a literature search (...) and selected relevant articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese that included contents on patterns of knowing, commodification, and nursing published from 1978 to 2017. Globalization, commodification, and austerity measures seem to have negative effects on nursing. Work conditions are worsening, deteriorating nurse–patient relationships, and limiting reflection on practice. Nurses must develop knowledge to challenge and participate in institutional organization and public health policies. Development of nursing knowledge may be difficult to achieve in commodified environments. Consequently, therapeutic care relationships, healthcare services, and nurses' own health are compromised. However, by obtaining organizational, sociopolitical, and emancipatory knowledge, nurses can use strategies to adapt to or resist commodified contexts while constructing basic knowledge. (shrink)