Results for 'Moshe Klein'

953 found
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  1.  34
    Soft logic and numbers.Moshe Klein & Oded Maimon - 2016 - Latest Issue of Pragmatics Cognition 23 (3):473-484.
    In this paper, we propose to see the Necker cube phenomenon as a basis for the development of a mathematical language in accordance with Leibniz’s vision of soft logic. By the development of a new coordinate system, we make a distinction between −0 and +0. This distinction enables us to present a new model for nonstandard analysis, and to develop a calculus theory without the need of the concept of limit. We also established a connection between “Recursive Distinctioning” and soft (...)
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  2.  10
    Essays in honor of Moshe Idel.Moshe Idel, Sandu Frunză & Mihaela Frunză (eds.) - 2008 - Cluj-Napoca: Provo Press.
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  3.  9
    Concealment and Revelation: Esotericism in Jewish Thought and its Philosophical Implications.Moshe Halbertal - 2007 - Princeton University Press.
    During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, great new trends of Jewish thought emerged whose widely varied representatives--Kabbalists, philosophers, and astrologers--each claimed that their particular understanding revealed the actual secret of the Torah. They presented their own readings in a coded fashion that has come to be regarded by many as the very essence of esotericism. Concealment and Revelation takes us on a fascinating journey to the depths of the esoteric imagination. Carefully tracing the rise of esotericism and its function in (...)
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  4.  69
    Belief, Truth and Knowledge.Peter D. Klein - 1976 - Philosophical Review 85 (2):225.
  5. Certainty, a refutation of scepticism.Peter David Klein - 1981 - Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
    Rich with historical and cultural value, these works are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions.
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  6.  15
    Greek Mathematical Thought and the Origin of Algebra.Jacob Klein - 1968 - M. I. T. Press.
    Important study focuses on the revival and assimilation of ancient Greek mathematics in the 13th–16th centuries, via Arabic science, and the 16th-century development of symbolic algebra. This brought about the crucial change in the concept of number that made possible modern science — in which the symbolic "form" of a mathematical statement is completely inseparable from its "content" of physical meaning. Includes a translation of Vieta's Introduction to the Analytical Art. 1968 edition. Bibliography.
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  7. What do predictive coders want?Colin Klein - 2018 - Synthese 195 (6):2541-2557.
    The so-called “dark room problem” makes vivd the challenges that purely predictive models face in accounting for motivation. I argue that the problem is a serious one. Proposals for solving the dark room problem via predictive coding architectures are either empirically inadequate or computationally intractable. The Free Energy principle might avoid the problem, but only at the cost of setting itself up as a highly idealized model, which is then literally false to the world. I draw at least one optimistic (...)
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  8. Crossing boundaries: knowledge, disciplinarities, and interdisciplinarities.Julie Thompson Klein - 1996 - Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia.
    This book is the most comprehensive and rigourous critique of the ways disciplinary boundaries still inhibit knowledge-production and integration.
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  9.  51
    Dis-orientation, dis-epistemology and abolition.Liat Ben-Moshe - 2018 - Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 4 (2).
    What is the relation between knowledge and orientation? How does being disoriented lead one to new knowledge or/and to being humbled about not knowing? How can not knowing aid in liberatory struggles, in alleviating oppression or even in being in community with like-minded people in an ethical manner? These are some of the questions that Ami Harbin’s work “Disorientation and Moral Life” brought up for me and which I would like to explore below, using prison abolition as one brief example.
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  10.  14
    There is a fundamental, unbridgeable gap between DNNs and the visual cortex.Moshe Gur - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e393.
    Deep neural networks (DNNs) are not just inadequate models of the visual system but are so different in their structure and functionality that they are not even on the same playing field. DNN units have almost nothing in common with neurons, and, unlike visual neurons, they are often fully connected. At best, DNNs can label inputs, while our object perception is both holistic and detail preserving. A feat that no computational system can achieve.
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  11.  10
    Les paradoxes phénoménologiques de la mort.Moshe Kroy - 1982 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 87 (4):531 - 550.
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  12.  81
    Explanation in the science of consciousness: From the neural correlates of consciousness (NCCs) to the difference makers of consciousness.Colin Klein, Jakob Hohwy & Tim Bayne - 2020 - Philosophy and the Mind Sciences 1 (II).
    At present, the science of consciousness is structured around the search for the neural correlates of consciousness. One of the alleged advantages of the NCCs framework is its metaphysical neutrality—the fact that it begs no contested questions with respect to debates about the fundamental nature of consciousness. Here, we argue that even if the NCC framework is metaphysically neutral, it is structurally committed, for it presupposes a certain model—what we call the Lite-Brite model—of consciousness. This, we argue, represents a serious (...)
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  13.  14
    Lights along the way: timeless lessons for today from Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto's Mesillas yesharim.Moshe Ḥayyim Luzzatto - 1995 - Brooklyn, N.Y.: Mesorah Publications. Edited by Abraham J. Twerski.
    The Mesillas Yesharim / Path of the Just was the masterpiece of Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto, the great mystic, philosopher, sage, and saint. For centuries, this classic text for better living has been every man's primer for ideal life. Wherever there were Jews there was a well-thumbed Mesillas Yesharim. In this book, Rabbi Twerski applies the text and themes of Mesillas Yesharim to the everyday challenges of the 90s. He shows us how we can succeed in the quest for (...)
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  14. Reply to Ginet.Peter D. Klein - 2013 - In Matthias Steup & John Turri (eds.), Contemporary Debates in Epistemology. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Blackwell.
     
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  15. Origin of the Concept Chemical Compound.Ursula Klein - 1994 - Science in Context 7 (2):163-204.
    The ArgumentMost historians of science share the conviction that the incorporation of the corpuscular theory into seventeenth-century chemistry was the beginning of modern chemistry. My thesis in this paper is that modern chemisty started with the concept of the chemicl compound, which emerged at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century, without any signifivant influence of the corpuscular theory. Rather the historical reconstruction of the emergence of this concept shows that it resulted from the reflection (...)
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  16. When infinite regresses are not vicious.Peter Klein - 2003 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 66 (3):718–729.
    I will argue for two main points. First, the regress imbedded in infinitism need not be subject to the Structural Objection; and second, the Structural Objection does not pose a real problem for any regress. I will not be arguing for the correctness of my proposal directly. That is, as will become apparent soon, my proposal rests on two principles of reasoning which together entail infinitism and I will not present my arguments for those principles here. The purpose of this (...)
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  17. The Unplanned Obsolescence of Psychological Science and an Argument for its Revival.Stan Klein - 2016 - Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice 3:357-379.
    I examine some of the key scientific pre-commitments of modern psychology, and argue that their adoption has the unintended consequence of rendering a purely psychological analysis of mind indistinguishable from a purely biological treatment. And, since these pre-commitments sanction an “authority of the biological”, explanation of phenomena traditionally considered the purview of psychological analysis is fully subsumed under the biological. I next evaluate the epistemic warrant of these pre-commitments and suggest there are good reasons to question their applicability to psychological (...)
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  18.  38
    What does it mean to call a medical device invasive?Eran Klein - 2023 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 26 (3):325-334.
    Medical devices are often referred to as being invasive or non-invasive. Though invasiveness is relevant, and central, to how devices are understood and regarded in medicine and bioethics, a consensus concept or definition of invasiveness is lacking. To begin to address this problem, this essay explores four possible descriptive meanings of invasiveness: how devices are introduced to the body, where they are located in the body, whether they are foreign to the body, and how they change the body. An argument (...)
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  19.  54
    Ethical dilemmas in mncs' international staffing policies a conceptual framework.Moshe Banai & Linda M. Sama - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 25 (3):221-235.
    Multinational corporations' international staffing policies have been evaluated in terms of cost and efficiency arguments. Research has not addressed, however, the ethical impact of these policies on diverse stakeholder groups. This paper presents a conceptual framework by which ethnocentric, polycentric and geocentric staffing policies are theoretically linked to underlying decision-making modes of instrumentality, bounded rationality and economic rationality, respectively. It goes on to describe the ethical rationales associated with each policy type, namely, distributive justice, moral rights of man, and utilitarianism. (...)
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  20.  40
    (1 other version)Accurate Unlexicalized Parsing.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    We demonstrate that an unlexicalized PCFG can parse much more accurately than previously shown, by making use of simple, linguistically motivated state splits, which break down false independence assumptions latent in a vanilla treebank grammar. Indeed, its performance of 86.36% (LP/LR F1) is better than that of early lexicalized PCFG models, and surprisingly close to the current state-of-theart. This result has potential uses beyond establishing a strong lower bound on the maximum possible accuracy of unlexicalized models: an unlexicalized PCFG is (...)
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  21.  72
    Application of artificial intelligence: risk perception and trust in the work context with different impact levels and task types.Uwe Klein, Jana Depping, Laura Wohlfahrt & Pantaleon Fassbender - 2024 - AI and Society 39 (5):2445-2456.
    Following the studies of Araujo et al. (AI Soc 35:611–623, 2020) and Lee (Big Data Soc 5:1–16, 2018), this empirical study uses two scenario-based online experiments. The sample consists of 221 subjects from Germany, differing in both age and gender. The original studies are not replicated one-to-one. New scenarios are constructed as realistically as possible and focused on everyday work situations. They are based on the AI acceptance model of Scheuer (Grundlagen intelligenter KI-Assistenten und deren vertrauensvolle Nutzung. Springer, Wiesbaden, 2020) (...)
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  22.  83
    Engineering the Brain: Ethical Issues and the Introduction of Neural Devices.Eran Klein, Tim Brown, Matthew Sample, Anjali R. Truitt & Sara Goering - 2015 - Hastings Center Report 45 (6):26-35.
    Neural engineering technologies such as implanted deep brain stimulators and brain-computer interfaces represent exciting and potentially transformative tools for improving human health and well-being. Yet their current use and future prospects raise a variety of ethical and philosophical concerns. Devices that alter brain function invite us to think deeply about a range of ethical concerns—identity, normality, authority, responsibility, privacy, and justice. If a device is stimulating my brain while I decide upon an action, am I still the author of the (...)
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  23.  46
    Transduction, Calibration, and the Penetrability of Pain.Colin Klein - 2023 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 10.
    Pains are subject to obvious, well-documented, and striking top-down influences. This is in stark contrast to visual perception, where the debate over cognitive penetrability tends to revolve around fairly subtle experimental effects. Several authors have recently taken up the question of whether top-down effects on pain count as cognitive penetrability, and what that might show us about traditional debates. I review some of the known mechanisms for top-down modulation of pain, and suggest that it reveals an issue with a relatively (...)
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  24. Science, Religion, and “The Will to Believe".Alexander Klein - 2015 - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 5 (1):72-117.
    Do the same epistemic standards govern scientific and religious belief? Or should science and religion operate in completely independent epistemic spheres? Commentators have recently been divided on William James’s answer to this question. One side depicts “The Will to Believe” as offering a separate-spheres defense of religious belief in the manner of Galileo. The other contends that “The Will to Believe” seeks to loosen the usual epistemic standards so that religious and scientific beliefs can both be justified by a unitary (...)
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  25. Consciousness, Intention, and Command-Following in the Vegetative State.Colin Klein - 2017 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 68 (1):27-54.
    Some vegetative state patients show fMRI responses similar to those of healthy controls when instructed to perform mental imagery tasks. Many authors have argued that this provides evidence that such patients are in fact conscious, as response to commands requires intentional agency. I argue for an alternative reading, on which responsive patients have a deficit similar to that seen in severe forms of akinetic mutism. Akinetic mutism is marked by the inability to form and maintain intentions to act. Responsive patients (...)
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  26. Localizing the cortical region mediating visual awareness of object identity.Moshe Bar & Irving Biederman - 1999 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96 (4):1790-1793.
  27.  21
    Serious Play: Derrida and Whitman in the Theory Classroom.Moshe Gold - 2004 - Symploke 12 (1):216-231.
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  28. Acknowledgments.Moshe Halbertal - 2012 - In On Sacrifice. Princeton University Press.
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  29. Franz Rosenzweig and the Kabbalah.Moshe Idel - 1988 - In Paul R. Mendes-Flohr (ed.), The Philosophy of Franz Rosenzweig. Hanover: Published for Brandeis University Press by University Press of New England. pp. 162--171.
     
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  30.  13
    Ḥalom ṿe-zikaron: masah ʻal tefisah, zikaron, shenah ṿa-ḥalom = Dream & memory: an essay on perception, memory, sleeping and dreaming.Moshe Menasheof - 2016 - Tel-Aviv: Ketav. Edited by Hagar Gur Aryeh.
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  31.  8
    On stable social laws and qualitative equilibria.Moshe Tennenholtz - 1998 - Artificial Intelligence 102 (1):1-20.
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  32.  59
    (1 other version)Contextualism and the Real Nature of Academic Skepticism.Peter D. Klein - 2000 - Philosophical Issues 10 (1):108-116.
  33.  48
    The Chemical Workshop Tradition and the Experimental Practice: Discontinuities within Continuities.Ursula Klein - 1996 - Science in Context 9 (3):251-287.
    The ArgumentThe overall portrayal of early modern experimentation as a new method of securing assent within a philosophical discourse sketched in many of the recent studies on the historical origin of experimentation is questioned by the analysis of the experimental practice of chemistry at the Paris Academy. Chemical experimentation at the Paris Academy in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century originated in a different tradition than the philosophical. It continued and developed the material culture of the chemical work shops (...)
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  34.  37
    Brain Exceptionalism? Learning From the Past With an Eye Toward the Future.Eran Klein & Nicolae Morar - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 15 (2):139-141.
    Discussions about brain data and privacy, particularly those advocating for human rights frameworks, at times, have embodied problematic undercurrents of, if not overt appeals to, neuro-exceptional...
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  35. Envy and Gratitude.Melanie Klein - 1975 - In Envy and Gratitude and Other Works 1946-1963. The Free Press.
     
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  36. Top-down facilitation of visual object recognition.Moshe Bar - 2005 - In Laurent Itti, Geraint Rees & John K. Tsotsos (eds.), Neurobiology of Attention. Academic Press. pp. 140--145.
     
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  37.  48
    A Revolution that never happened.Ursula Klein - 2015 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 49:80-90.
  38.  41
    To ELSI or Not to ELSI Neuroscience: Lessons for Neuroethics from the Human Genome Project.Eran Klein - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 1 (4):3-8.
    The Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program of the Human Genome Project stands as a model for how to organize bioethical inquiry for a rapidly changing field. Neuroscience has experienced significant growth in recent years and there is increasing interest in organizing critical reflection on this field, as evidenced by the creation of “neuroethics.” A nascent framework for reflection on the implications of neuroscience is emerging but significant work remains, given the pace and scope of neuroscientific developments. The adoption (...)
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  39. Contemporary Responses to Agrippa's Trilemma.Peter Klein - 2008 - In John Greco (ed.), The Oxford handbook of skepticism. New York: Oxford University Press.
    This article discusses contemporary response to the epistemic regress problem or Agrippa's trilemma. The epistemic regress problem is considered the most crucial in the entire theory of knowledge and it is a major concern for many contemporary epistemologists. However, only two of the three alternative solutions have been developed in any detail, foundationalism and coherentism. Infinitism was not seriously considered as a solution because of the finite-mind objection. This article also provides a brief evaluation of foundationalism, emergent coherentism, and infinitism.
     
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  40.  58
    Mechanisms, resources, and background conditions.Colin Klein - 2018 - Biology and Philosophy 33 (5-6):36.
    Distinguishing mechanistic components from mere causally relevant background conditions remains a difficulty for mechanistic accounts of explanation. By distinguishing resources from mechanical parts, I argue that we can more effectively draw this boundary. Further, the distinction makes obvious that there are distinctive resource explanations which are not captured by a traditional part-based mechanistic account. While this suggests a straightforward extension of the mechanistic model, I argue that incorporating resources and resource explanations requires moving beyond the purely local account of levels (...)
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  41.  40
    Association, synonymity, and directionality in false recognition.Moshe Anisfeld & Margaret Knapp - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 77 (2):171.
  42. (1 other version)Why Not Infinitism?Peter D. Klein - 2000 - Epistemology 5:199-208.
    As the Pyrrhonians made clear, reasons that adequately justify beliefs can have only three possible structures: foundationalism, coherentism, and infinitism. Infinitism—the view that adequate reasons for our beliefs are infinite and non-repeating—has never been developed carefully, much less advocated. In this paper, I will argue that only infinitism can satisfy two intuitively plausible constraints on good reasoning: the avoidance of circular reasoning and the avoidance of arbitrariness. Further, I will argue that infinitism requires serious, but salutary, revisions in our evaluation (...)
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  43. An ideal solution to disputes about multiply realized kinds.Colin Klein - 2008 - Philosophical Studies 140 (2):161 - 177.
    Multiply realizable kinds are scientifically problematic, for it appears that we should not expect discoveries about them to hold of other members of that kind. As such, it looks like MR kinds should have no place in the ontology of the special sciences. Many resist this conclusion, however, because we lack a positive account of the role that certain realization-unrestricted terms play in special science explanations. I argue that many such terms actually pick out idealizing models. Idealizing explanation has many (...)
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  44.  92
    Self-knowledge of an amnesic patient: toward a neuropsychology of personality and social psychology.Stanley B. Klein, Judith Loftus & John F. Kihlstrom - 1996 - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 125 (3):250.
  45. Warrant, Proper Function, Reliabilism and Defeasibility.Peter D. Klein - 1996 - In Kvanvig Jonathan (ed.), Warrant and Contemporary Epistemology. Rowman & Littlefield.
     
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  46.  87
    A cognitive neuroscience hypothesis of mood and depression.Moshe Bar - 2009 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13 (11):456.
  47. The proactive brain: using analogies and associations to generate predictions.Moshe Bar - 2007 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11 (7):280-289.
  48. Convergence, Continuity and Recurrence in Dynamic Epistemic Logic.Dominik Klein & Rasmus K. Rendsvig - 2017 - In Alexandru Baltag, Jeremy Seligman & Tomoyuki Yamada (eds.), Logic, Rationality, and Interaction (LORI 2017, Sapporo, Japan). Springer. pp. 108-122.
    The paper analyzes dynamic epistemic logic from a topological perspective. The main contribution consists of a framework in which dynamic epistemic logic satisfies the requirements for being a topological dynamical system thus interfacing discrete dynamic logics with continuous mappings of dynamical systems. The setting is based on a notion of logical convergence, demonstratively equivalent with convergence in Stone topology. Presented is a flexible, parametrized family of metrics inducing the latter, used as an analytical aid. We show maps induced by action (...)
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  49. The truth behind conscientious objection in medicine.Nir Ben-Moshe - 2019 - Journal of Medical Ethics 45 (6):404-410.
    Answers to the questions of what justifies conscientious objection in medicine in general and which specific objections should be respected have proven to be elusive. In this paper, I develop a new framework for conscientious objection in medicine that is based on the idea that conscience can express true moral claims. I draw on one of the historical roots, found in Adam Smith’s impartial spectator account, of the idea that an agent’s conscience can determine the correct moral norms, even if (...)
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  50.  38
    Agent-Based Modeling in Social Science, History, and Philosophy: An Introduction.Dominik Klein, Johannes Marx & Kai Fischbach - 2018 - Historical Social Research 43 (1):7-27.
    Agent-based modeling has become a common and well-established tool in the social sciences and certain of the humanities. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the different modeling approaches in current use. Our discussion unfolds in two parts: we first classify different aspects of the model-building process and identify a number of characteristics shared by most agent-based models in the humanities and social sciences; then we map relevant differences between the various modeling approaches. We classify these into different dimensions (...)
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