Results for 'Sophie Zadeh'

939 found
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  1.  24
    The implications of dialogicality for ‘giving voice’ in social representations research.Sophie Zadeh - 2017 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 47 (3):263-278.
    Social representations research is often undertaken by scholars who seek to ‘give voice’ to knowledge that are held by socially disenfranchised individuals and groups. However, this endeavour poses a number of problems in practice, not least because it assumes that the ‘voices’ voiced by individuals and/or groups in social research will be unambiguous and uniform, and unchanged by the research encounter. Despite the growth of attention to the critical potential of social representations theory, there remains a lack of scholarship on (...)
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  2. Fuzzy logic and approximate reasoning.L. A. Zadeh - 1975 - Synthese 30 (3-4):407-428.
    The term fuzzy logic is used in this paper to describe an imprecise logical system, FL, in which the truth-values are fuzzy subsets of the unit interval with linguistic labels such as true, false, not true, very true, quite true, not very true and not very false, etc. The truth-value set, , of FL is assumed to be generated by a context-free grammar, with a semantic rule providing a means of computing the meaning of each linguistic truth-value in as a (...)
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  3. (1 other version)Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    Medical practice is practiced morality, and clinical research belongs to normative ethics. The present book elucidates and advances this thesis by: 1. analyzing the structure of medical language, knowledge, and theories; 2. inquiring into the foundations of the clinical encounter; 3. introducing the logic and methodology of clinical decision-making, including artificial intelligence in medicine; 4. suggesting comprehensive theories of organism, life, and psyche; of health, illness, and disease; of etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and therapy; and 5. investigating the moral and (...)
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  4.  96
    The Prototype Resemblance Theory of Disease.K. Sadegh-Zadeh - 2008 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 33 (2):106-139.
    In a previous paper the concept of disease was fuzzy-logically analyzed and a sketch was given of a prototype resemblance theory of disease (Sadegh-Zadeh (2000). J. Med. Philos., 25:605–38). This theory is outlined in the present paper. It demonstrates what it means to say that the concept of disease is a nonclassical one and, therefore, not amenable to traditional methods of inquiry. The theory undertakes a reconstruction of disease as a category that in contradistinction to traditional views is not (...)
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  5. Fuzzy health, illness, and disease.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2000 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 25 (5):605 – 638.
    The notions of health, illness, and disease are fuzzy-theoretically analyzed. They present themselves as non-Aristotelian concepts violating basic principles of classical logic. A recursive scheme for defining the controversial notion of disease is proposed that also supports a concept of fuzzy disease. A sketch is given of the prototype resemblance theory of disease.
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  6. The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning.L. A. Zadeh - 1975 - Information Science 1.
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  7. The Semantics and Pragmatics of Medical Knowledge.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    At least as important as a particular item of medical knowledge itself is to know something about the relationships of that knowledge to the experiential world it is talking about. The reason is that the patients the physician is concerned with are parts of that experiential world. So, when using any knowledge in her practice, e.g., some knowledge on infectious diseases, a morally conscientious doctor will be interested in whether, and in what way, this knowledge relates to the ‘world out (...)
     
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  8.  42
    World 5 and medical knowledge.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1981 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 6 (3):263-270.
    What follows is a brief comment on Ludwik Fleck's paper on the foundations of medical knowledge translated by Thaddeus J. Trenn in this issue. Since the original is much older than I am, I have some scruples in presenting the critical thoughts which occurred to me when I read it a few years ago. Despite the criticism, I am very sympathetic to most of what Fleck has told us in his tragically neglected work. Two facts make Fleck's tragedy even more (...)
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  9.  24
    How does Representational Transformation Enhance Mathematical Thinking?Omid Khatin-Zadeh - 2022 - Axiomathes 32 (2):283-292.
    Representational transformation is a technique for deepening our understanding of mathematical concepts and facilitating the process of solving mathematical problems. This article suggests that representational transformation can contribute to thought processes in four ways. Firstly, representational transformation helps people employ a wider range of cognitive resources. When one representation of a concept or a problem is transformed into another representation, the sensory-motor resources that are involved in the processing of the base representation are employed to process the target representation. Secondly, (...)
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  10.  97
    Dual-Task Interference in a Simulated Driving Environment: Serial or Parallel Processing?Mojtaba Abbas-Zadeh, Gholam-Ali Hossein-Zadeh & Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    When humans are required to perform two or more tasks concurrently, their performance declines as the tasks get closer together in time. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of this cognitive performance decline using a dual-task paradigm in a simulated driving environment, and using drift-diffusion modeling, examined if the two tasks are processed in a serial or a parallel manner. Participants performed a lane change task, along with an image discrimination task. We systematically varied the time difference between the onset of (...)
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  11.  71
    (1 other version)Normative systems and medical metaethics part I: Value kinematics, health, and disease.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1981 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 2 (1):75-119.
    On the basis of a ten-place comparative value relation, artificially reduced to a binary relation, some human value structures are studied and a concept of value kinematics is proposed. A miniature value logic is outlined, making it possible with precision to handle several explicated value notions and to analyze interrelations between them. Finally, the question is discussed whether health can be said to be an absolute and an intrinsic value.
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  12.  71
    (1 other version)Toward metamedicine.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1980 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 1 (1):3-10.
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  13.  76
    The Logic of Diagnosis.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Fred Gifford, Philosophy of Medicine. Boston: Elsevier. pp. 16--357.
  14.  22
    (1 other version)Foundations of clinical praxiology part I: The relativity of medical diagnosis.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1981 - Metamedicine 2 (2):183-196.
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  15. Understanding Activation Patterns in Shared Circuits: Toward a Value Driven Model.Lisa Aziz-Zadeh, Emily Kilroy & Giorgio Corcelli - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
  16.  79
    (1 other version)Glauben, wissen und wahrscheinlichkeit. Systeme der epistemischen logik.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1982 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 3 (2):297-307.
  17. (1 other version)Perception, illusion, and hallucination.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1982 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 3 (2):159-191.
    Patrick Suppes'' set-theoretical approach to the analysis of theories, and Joseph D. Sneed''s metatheory are briefly outlined. The notions of observation, illusion and hallucination are reconstructed according to these approaches. It is argued that the terms perception and truth are theoretical with respect to observation but nontheoretical with respect to illusion and hallucination. Hallucination is construed as a special kind of illusion.
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  18.  31
    (1 other version)The three paradoxes lost a response to Moore and Hutchins.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1981 - Metamedicine 2 (2):217-233.
  19.  9
    Practical mysticism in Islam and Christianity: a comparative study of Jalal al-Din Rumi and Meister Eckhart.Saeed Zarrabi-Zadeh - 2016 - London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
    Practical Mysticism in Islam and Christianity offers a comparative study of the works of the Sufi-poet Jalal al-Din Rumi (1207-1273) and the practical teachings of the German Dominican, Meister Eckhart (c1260-1327/8). Rumi has remained an influential figure in Islamic mystical discourse since the thirteenth century, while also extending his impact to the Western spiritual arena. However, his ideas have frequently been interpreted within the framework of other mystical, philosophical, or religious systems. Through its novel approach, this book aims to reformulate (...)
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  20.  52
    Comment: The Interaction Between Metaphor and Emotion Processing in the Brain.Lisa Aziz-Zadeh & Vesna Gamez-Djokic - 2016 - Emotion Review 8 (3):275-276.
    It has been argued that metaphor and emotion processing are tightly linked together. Here we explore whether neuroscientific evidence supports this claim.
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  21.  7
    Die Medizin ist eine deontische Disziplin.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2015 - Angewandte Philosophie. Eine Internationale Zeitschrift 2 (1):10-23.
    ZusammenfassungWas ist praktisches Wissen?Die Diskussion über diese Frage hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten darauf konzentriert, das praktische Wissen als ein Wissen- wie aufzufassen. Im Folgenden wird eine weitere Differenzierung dieser Ansicht vorgenommen, indem durch eine Analyse der Syntax des klinischpraktischen Wissens dafür geworben wird, dieses Wissen als eine Kategorie von bedingten Geboten für das ärztliche Handeln in der klinischen Entscheidungsfindung zu betrachten. Syntaktisch gesehen, sind diese Gebote deontische Normen („conditional obligations“). Da sie durch die diagnostisch-therapeutische Forschung (= klinische Forschung) (...)
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  22.  56
    On the limits of the statistical-causal analysis as a diagnostic procedure.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1978 - Theory and Decision 9 (1):93-107.
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  23.  26
    In Silico Analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii Phospholipase D as a Subunit Vaccine Candidate.Elaheh Zadeh Hosseingholi, Iraj Rasooli & Seyed Latif Mousavi Gargari - 2014 - Acta Biotheoretica 62 (4):455-478.
    The rate of human health care-associated infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii has increased significantly in recent years for its remarkable resistance to desiccation and most antibiotics. Phospholipases, capable of destroying a phospholipid substrate, are heterologous group of enzymes which are believed to be the bacterial virulence determinants. There is a need for in silico studies to identify potential vaccine candidates. A. baumannii phospholipase D role has been proved in increasing organism’s resistance to human serum, destruction of host epithelial cell and (...)
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  24.  22
    Embodied Metaphor Processing: A Study of the Priming Impact of Congruent and Opposite Gestural Representations of Metaphor Schema on Metaphor Comprehension.Omid Khatin-Zadeh - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):70-80.
    This study examined the performances of three groups of participants in interpreting metaphors in three different conditions: congruent gesture-prime conditions, opposite gesture-prime conditions, and no-prime conditions. In congruent gesture-prime conditions, each metaphor was preceded by the congruent gestural representation of metaphor schema. In opposite gesture-prime conditions, each metaphor was preceded by the opposite gestural representation of metaphor schema. The results showed that participants of congruent gesture-prime conditions had the best performance in interpreting metaphors, while participants of opposite gesture-prime conditions had (...)
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  25. Discovering the conceptual primitives.Lisa Aziz-Zadeh, Daniel Casasanto, Jerome Feldman, Rebecca Saxe & Leonard Talmy - 2008 - In B. C. Love, K. McRae & V. M. Sloutsky, Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society.
     
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  26.  17
    How emotions are metaphorically embodied: measuring hand and head action strengths of typical emotional states.Omid Khatin-Zadeh, Jiehui Hu, Hassan Banaruee & Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos - 2023 - Cognition and Emotion 37 (3):486-498.
    This study measured hand and head action strengths of eight typical emotional states using an authentic but implicit emotion elicitation task. Participants listened to and then retold five stories in which eight typical emotional states were experienced by the narrators. The number of hand and head gestures that occur naturally while experiencing an emotional state was used as an index to determine the hand and head action strength of that emotional state. Results showed a larger number of head gestures than (...)
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  27.  35
    Erratum.K. Sadegh-Zadeh - 2008 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 33 (4):401-401.
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  28.  31
    Afghānī and Freemasonry in EgyptAfghani and Freemasonry in Egypt.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh - 1972 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 92 (1):25.
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  29.  25
    Djam'l-ed-din Assad Ab'di dit Afgh'niDjamal-ed-din Assad Abadi dit Afghani.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh & Homa Pakdaman - 1974 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 94 (4):540.
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  30.  17
    Index Iranicus (Fihrist-i Maqālāt-i Fārsī)Index Iranicus.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh, Īraj Afshār & Iraj Afshar - 1971 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 91 (1):147.
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  31.  16
    Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh & Jacob M. Landau - 1972 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 92 (1):126.
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  32.  30
    Kitābhāyi Īrān. Vol. I: kitābshināsī-yi dah sāla-yi (1333-1342)Kitabhayi Iran. Vol. I: kitabshinasi-yi dah sala-yi.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh, Iraj Afshār, Husayn Banī-Ādam, Iraj Afshar & Husayn Bani-Adam - 1971 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 91 (4):535.
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  33.  25
    The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage: A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda.A. Albert Kudsi-Zadeh & Jacob M. Landau - 1973 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 93 (2):243.
  34. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine?Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
  35.  23
    A pragmatic concept of causal explanation.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1984 - In Lennart Nordenfelt & B. Ingemar B. Lindahl, Health, Disease, and Causal Explanations in Medicine. Reidel. pp. 201--209.
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  36.  64
    (1 other version)Bayesian diagnostics: A bibliography part.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1980 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 1 (1):107-124.
  37. Clinical Decision Support Systems.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
     
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  38. Classical Logic.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    Western (deductive) logic originated in Greek antiquity. It found its first expression in those works of the great philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BC) which have come to be known as the Organon, i.e., ‘instrument’. Aristotle’s logic, also known as syllogistics, was unsystematically concerned with patterns of reasoning and argumentation. It remained in this rudimentary state relatively unchanged and unchallenged until the second half of the nineteenth century. At that time, logic underwent a period of unprecedented reform and modernization, due in large (...)
     
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  39.  17
    Comments on Engelhardt's 'Clinical Problems and the Concept of Disease'.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1984 - In Lennart Nordenfelt & B. Ingemar B. Lindahl, Health, Disease, and Causal Explanations in Medicine. Reidel. pp. 43--45.
  40. Clinical Practice.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    Clinical practice is where the clinical encounter and decision-making occur. Thus, it constitutes the focus of medicine. Since the time of Hippocrates, it has been composed of five activities that have come to be known as anamnesis, i.e., history taking or clinical interview, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and prevention. These five activities are fundamental features of the healing relationship. The present chapter is devoted to the analysis and discussion of their logical, methodological, and philosophical problems. Usually, the patient expects the physician (...)
     
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  41. Classical Sets.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
     
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  42. Disease as a Deontic Construct.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
  43. Fuzzy Logic.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    Medical knowledge as well as clinical practice are characterized by inescapable uncertainty. There are many reasons this is the case, but foremost among them is that almost everything in medicine is inevitably vague, be it something linguistic such as the term “illness”, or something extra-linguistic such as the condition referred to as illness. If we ask ourselves, then, what the term “illness” means exactly, on the one hand; and how we may precisely delimit the condition illness, on the other; we (...)
     
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  44.  62
    (1 other version)Foundations of clinical praxiology part II: Categorical and conjectural diagnoses.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 1982 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 3 (1):101-114.
    The concepts of categorical diagnosis and conjectural diagnosis are introduced. It is argued that in diagnostic reasoning conjectural diagnosis plays a more important role than categorical diagnosis. Attention is called to the inevitable vagueness of clinical language and to the suitability of epistemic logic and fuzzy logic for diagnostic reasoning.
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  45. Fundamentals of Medical Concept Formation.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    The language of medicine is an extension of everyday language by adding technical terms such as "appendicitis", "angina pectoris", "blood pressure" and the like. It is therefore characterized by semantic chaos. Most of its terms are either not defined or ill-defined. The chaos would not deserve any attention, however, if it were not practically detrimental in research and practice. The best way to prevent the damage it causes is to learn in medicine something about methods of scientific concept formation. The (...)
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  46. Logic in Medicine.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
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  47. Medical Decision-Making.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
    Clinical judgment, also called clinical reasoning, clinical decision-making, and diagnostic-therapeutic decision-making, lies at the heart of clinical practice and thus medicine. In thepast, clinical judgment was considered the expert task of the physician. But the advent of computers in the 1940s and their use in medicine as of the late 1950s gradually changed this situation. In the 1960s, a new discipline emerged that has come to be termed medical computer science or medical informatics, including clinical informatics. Clinical informatics is concerned (...)
     
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  48. Morality, Ethics, and Deontics.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
     
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  49. Modal Extensions of Classical Logic.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
     
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  50. Medicine Is a Deontic Discipline.Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh - 2011 - In Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer.
     
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