On the philosophy of Śaṅkarācārya; papers presented at National Seminar on Ādi Śaṅkarācārya, organized by Sahitya Akademi in collaboration with the Department of Sanskrit, Pondicherry University in 1989.

Papers presented at National Seminar on Jainism held in 1998 at Hyderabad?

This twelfth volume of Collected Papers includes 86 papers comprising 976 pages on Neutrosophics Theory and Applications, published between 2013-2021 in the international journal and book series “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 112 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 21 countries: Abdel Nasser H. Zaied, Muhammad Akram, Bobin Albert, S. A. Alblowi, S. Anitha, Guennoun Asmae, Assia Bakali, Ayman M. Manie, Abdul Sami Awan, Azeddine Elhassouny, Erick González-Caballero, D. Dafik, Mithun Datta, Arindam Dey, (...) Mamouni Dhar, Christopher Dyer, Nur Ain Ebas, Mohamed Eisa, Ahmed K. Essa, Faruk Karaaslan, João Alcione Sganderla Figueiredo, Jorge Fernando Goyes García, N. Ramila Gandhi, Sudipta Gayen, Gustavo Alvarez Gómez, Sharon Dinarza Álvarez Gómez, Haitham A. El-Ghareeb, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa, Masooma Raza Hashmi, Ibrahim M. Hezam, German Acurio Hidalgo, Le Hoang Son, R. Jahir Hussain, S. Satham Hussain, Ali Hussein Mahmood Al-Obaidi, Hays Hatem Imran, Nabeela Ishfaq, Saeid Jafari, R. Jansi, V. Jeyanthi, M. Jeyaraman, Sripati Jha, Jun Ye, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Abdullah Kargın, J. Kavikumar, Kawther Fawzi Hamza Alhasan, Huda E. Khalid, Neha Andalleb Khalid, Mohsin Khalid, Madad Khan, D. Koley, Valeri Kroumov, Manoranjan Kumar Singh, Pavan Kumar, Prem Kumar Singh, Ranjan Kumar, Malayalan Lathamaheswari, A.N. Mangayarkkarasi, Carlos Rosero Martínez, Marvelio Alfaro Matos, Mai Mohamed, Nivetha Martin, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Talea, K. Mohana, Muhammad Irfan Ahamad, Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Saeed, Muhammad Saqlain, Muhammad Shabir, Muhammad Zeeshan, Anjan Mukherjee, Mumtaz Ali, Deivanayagampillai Nagarajan, Iqra Nawaz, Munazza Naz, Roan Thi Ngan, Necati Olgun, Rodolfo González Ortega, P. Pandiammal, I. Pradeepa, R. Princy, Marcos David Oviedo Rodríguez, Jesús Estupiñán Ricardo, A. Rohini, Sabu Sebastian, Abhijit Saha, Mehmet Șahin, Said Broumi, Saima Anis, A.A. Salama, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Seyed Ahmad Edalatpanah, Sajana Shaik, Soufiane Idbrahim, S. Sowndrarajan, Mohamed Talea, Ruipu Tan, Chalapathi Tekuri, Selçuk Topal, S. P. Tiwari, Vakkas Uluçay, Maikel Leyva Vázquez, Chinnadurai Veerappan, M. Venkatachalam, Luige Vlădăreanu, Ştefan Vlăduţescu, Young Bae Jun, Wadei F. Al-Omeri, Xiao Long Xin.‬‬‬‬‬‬. (shrink)

We consider structural completeness in modal logics. The main result is the necessary and sufficient condition for modal logics over K4 to be hereditarily structurally complete: a modal logic λ is hereditarily structurally complete $\operatorname{iff} \lambda$ is not included in any logic from the list of twenty special tabular logics. Hence there are exactly twenty maximal structurally incomplete modal logics above K4 and they are all tabular.

While specifications and verifications of concurrent systems employ Linear Temporal Logic , it is increasingly likely that logical consequence in image will be used in the description of computations and parallel reasoning. Our paper considers logical consequence in the standard image with temporal operations image and image . The prime result is an algorithm recognizing consecutions admissible in image, so we prove that image is decidable w.r.t. admissible inference rules. As a consequence we obtain algorithms verifying the validity of consecutions (...) in image and solving the satisfiability problem. We start by a simple reduction of logical consecutions of image to equivalent ones in the reduced normal form . Then we apply a semantic technique based on image-Kripke structures with formula definable subsets. This yields necessary and sufficient conditions for a consecution to be not admissible in image. These conditions lead to an algorithm which recognizes consecutions admissible in image by verifying the validity of consecutions in special finite Kripke structures of size square polynomial in reduced normal forms of the consecutions. As a consequence, this also solves the satisfiability problem for image. (shrink)

One of the main problems in effective model theory is to find an appropriate information complexity measure of the algebraic structures in the sense of computability. Unlike the commonly used degrees of structures, the structure degree measure is total. We introduce and study the jump operation for structure degrees. We prove that it has all natural jump properties (including jump inversion theorem, theorem of Ash), which show that our definition is relevant. We study the relation between the structure degree jump (...) (in the sense of Soskov) and the jump degrees of a structure (in the sense of Jockusch) and give necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence in the terms of structure degrees. We show some properties, distinguishing the structure degrees from the enumeration degrees. (shrink)

In this article, cognitivism is understood as the view that the engine of human action is the intentional, dispositional, or other mental capacities of the brain or the mind. Cognitivism has been criticized for considering the essence of human action to reside in its alleged source in mental processes at the expense of the social surroundings of the action, criticism that has often been inspired by Ludwig Wittgenstein's later philosophy. This article explores the logical extent of the critique of cognitivism, (...) arguing that by positing collectively shared knowledge of criteria as the engine of human action many such critiques themselves display latent cognitivism. (shrink)

To base oneself upon a scientific philosophy is often of great importance in framing and solving major problems in natural science, including the science of the universe at large. Moreover, one's approach to the solution of specific problems arising in natural science depends to an extent upon one's philosophy. This situation points the way to the elimination of certain preconceived notions and erroneous convictions of researchers, that is, those due to an inadequate knowledge of philosophy or to the influence of (...) a weak philosophy. (shrink)

Although research into the biosemiotic mechanisms underlying the purposeful behavior of brainless living systems is extensive, researchers have not adequately described biosemiosis among neurons. As the conscious use of signs is well-covered by the various fields of semiotics, we focus on subconscious sign action. Subconscious semiotic habits, both functional and dysfunctional, may be created and reinforced in the brain not necessarily in a logical manner and not necessarily through repeated reinforcement. We review literature that suggests hypnosis may be effective in (...) changing subconscious dysfunctional habits, and we offer a biosemiotic framework for understanding these results. If it has been difficult to evaluate any psychological approach, including hypnosis, this may be because contemporary neuroscience lacks a theory of the sign. We argue that understanding the fluid nature of representation in biological organisms is prerequisite to understanding the nature of the subconscious and may lead to more effective of treatments for dysfunctional habits developed through personal experience or culture. (shrink)

In June 1995, the Italian code of medical ethics was revised in order that its principles should reflect the ever-changing relationship between the medical profession and society and between physicians and patients. The updated code is also a response to new ethical problems created by scientific progress; the discussion of such problems often shows up a need for better understanding on the part of the medical profession itself. Medical deontology is defined as the discipline for the study of norms of (...) conduct for the health care professions, including moral and legal norms as well as those pertaining more strictly to professional performance. The aim of deontology is therefore, the in-depth investigation and revision of the code of medical ethics. It is in the light of this conceptual definition that one should interpret a review of the different codes which have attempted, throughout the various periods of Italy's recent history, to adapt ethical norms to particular social and health care climates. (shrink)

1977 was a notable year in our country's history. The Soviet people and all progressive mankind celebrated the sixtieth anniversary of the Great October. The Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU "On the Sixtieth Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution" [O 60-i godovshchine Velikoi Oktiabr'skoi sotsialisticheskoi revoliutsii] emphasized that "The October Revolution was a sociopolitical event whose grandeur is revealed more deeply and in sharper relief with each new step taken by humanity along the road of social (...) progress.". (shrink)

Велика заслуга у дослідженні людської особистості належить феноменологічній філософії. Однією з найвідоміших представниць персоналістичного напрямку у феноменології є Е. Штайн – учениця та асистентка Е. Гуссерля. Вихідною точкою для неї є те, що людина є вільною і завдяки своїй духовності відповідальною за своє життя. Головним завданням особи є «реалізація самої себе». Для цього вона має пізнати свою індивідуальність. Штайн досліджує структуру особи, яка характеризується наявністю тіла, «ядра особи», існуванням Я, душі як субстанції, духа. Вона підкреслює, що розвиток та існування духовної (...) особи пов’язані з пошуком цінностей, які перебувають у найглибших шарах душі. Всі «елементи» особи між собою стисло пов’язані, творять цілісність і доповнюються взаємно. Тіло не існує без душі і духа, дух без тіла і душі, а душа без духа і тіла. (shrink)

These notes consist of reflections on the course to be pursued to attain the best possible interaction between theoretical research on morality and our present economic and social tasks and on the practice of communist moral training. Much has been done in this regard in the recent past. On the occasion of the Twenty-sixth Congress of the CPSU scholars prepared successful treatments of timely problems in ethics, the theory of morality, and moral training. However, the level of the studies already (...) conducted inevitably poses new and more complex questions calling for research by specialists in the field. Most of these questions are a natural consequence of the very process of more rapid rates of increase in ethical knowledge. But today, as we compare an evaluation of what has already been accomplished with, particularly, the prospects envisaged by the historical purview of the Twenty-sixth Party Congress, we are compelled to give thought also to factors that continue to hamper theoretical study, along a broad front, of morality and current questions in the moral practices of our society. (shrink)

First Published on: 21 June 2007 To cite this Article: Ramachandran, Vilayanur S., McGeoch, Paul D., Williams, Lisa and Arcilla, Gerard (2007) 'Rapid Relief of Thalamic Pain Syndrome Induced by Vestibular Caloric Stimulation', Neurocase, 13:3, 185 - 188 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/13554790701450446 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13554790701450446..

The paper offers a reconstruction of Popper’s conception of the logical situation. It provides the analysis of the structure of this conception, its genesis, and the attempts at its explication, as well as its critical discussion. The authors confront Popper’s method of situational logic with Kmita’s method of humanistic interpretation.

The report brought to the section members’ notice issues consideration of the major tendencies of religious and aesthetic medium transformation laying the emphasis on the major factors of this transformation together with its socio-cultural basis. Based on the comparison of the processes taking place within Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy the report marks the concurrency of religious and aesthetic processes present within the named confessions which challenges the idea of absolute uniqueness of religious and aesthetic experience of the orthodox in Russia (...) nowadays. The syncretism in the first place and dialectical unity of fundamentalism and modernism in the second, can be considered as the leading tendencies of transformation of religious and aesthetic medium of modern Christianity. (shrink)

In the theses published in Voprosy filosofii there is, in my view, one very important question: What changes have occurred in the relations between art and science? Inasmuch as I am a scholar of foreign cultures, permit me to express that question a bit more concretely for myself: What changes have occurred in the West in the interactions between art and science? The question is rather complex, for in responding to it one must always take into consideration the factor of (...) "compression of time" during the RST. Not only scientific discoveries and industrial equipment have begun to obsolesce rapidly but also the notion of the role of science in the social and cultural development of society. Regrettably, the authors of some works published in our country, even in the 1970s, analyzing the relationship between science and art that has come into being in the West, ignore this circumstance. The "ancient" debate between Snow and Leavis, now almost fifteen years in the past, is presented as the most recent stirring in contemporary bourgeois culture. Yet even at that time it was clear that these discussions were to no point and would not lead to a constructive solution of the conflict between the "two cultures": the contradictions had gone entirely too far. Even then the English poet Auden granted that when he encountered scientists he felt like a "shabby scribe who had accidentally entered a drawing room bulging with dukes." This was not any rank-and-file "lyricist," but the famous Auden himself'. (shrink)