Results for 'incompetent'

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  1. Responsibility, Incompetence, and Psychopathy.David O. Brink - 2013 - In The Lindley Lecture. University of Kansas.
    This essay articulates a conception of responsibility and excuse in terms of the fair opportunity to avoid wrongdoing and explores its implications for insanity, incompetence, and psychopathy. The fair opportunity conception factors responsibility into conditions of normative competence and situational control and factors normative competence into cognitive and volitional capacities. This supports a conception of incompetence that recognizes substantial impairment of either cognitive or volitional capacities as excusing, provided the agent is not substantially responsible for her own incompetence. This conception (...)
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  2.  34
    Essai sur l’incompétence esthétique.Vance Mendenhall - 1983 - Philosophiques 10 (2):341-359.
    L'incompétence esthétique pas plus que la perte du public de l'art ne comptent parmi les effets nécessaires de la constitution progressive d'un champ artistique autonome. Habermas, Jauss, Dufrenne font voir que l'incompétence esthétique, comme l'exclusivité de l'art sont des scories de la modernité et davantage des effets d'un type d'organisation sociale, en particulier de la domination d'un seul modèle de réception esthétique.Neither aesthetic incompetency nor Art's loss of its public count as necessary effects of the progressive establishment of an autonomous (...)
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  3.  28
    The Incompetent Patient on the Slippery Slope.Whitehouse Peter J. Dresser Rebecca - 2012 - Hastings Center Report 24 (4):6-12.
    Most patients suffering from progressive dementia have thoughts, emotions, perspectives, and perceptions of a world of experience. Decisions about life‐sustaining treatment should incorporate a principled approach to evaluating what life is like for these patients.
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  4. On incompetent monks and able urbane nuns in a buddhist monastic code.Gregory Schopen - 2010 - Journal of Indian Philosophy 38 (2):107-131.
    Most modern scholars seem to assume that Buddhist monks in early India had a good knowledge of Buddhist doctrine and at least of basic Buddhist texts. But the compilers of the vinayas or monastic codes seem not to have shared this assumption. The examples presented here are drawn primarily from one vinaya , and show that the compilers put in place a whole series of rules to deal with situations in which monks were startlingly ignorant of both doctrine and text. (...)
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  5.  51
    Incompetent Persons as Research Subjects and the Ethics of Minimal Risk.Kathleen Cranley Glass & Marc Speyer-Ofenberg - 1996 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 5 (3):362.
    The voluntary and informed consent of subjects has been the central focus of concern in research reviews, overshadowing the importance of all other considerations. The Nuremberg Code, with its rights-based protection of the subject's autonomy above all else, made it difficult to justify research with no intended benefit when subjects are incompetent to make a valid informed choice to participate. Subsequent codes providing for research with incompetent subjects followed the lead of Nuremberg, substituting the informed authorization of a (...)
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  6.  26
    Citizenry incompetence and the epistemic structure of society.Leandro De Brasi - 2018 - Filosofia Unisinos 19 (3).
    The epistemic structure of society, with its division of epistemic and cognitive labour, can help us deal with the citizenry incompetence threat that many contemporary conceptions of democracy suffer as long as a certain intellectual character is possessed by the citizens. Keywords: expert testimony, collective deliberation, intellectual virtue, democracy.
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  7. Ignorance, Incompetence and the Concept of Liberty.Michael Garnett - 2007 - Journal of Political Philosophy 15 (4):428–446.
    What is liberty, and can it be measured? In this paper I argue that the only way to have a liberty metric is to adopt an account of liberty with specific and controversial features. In particular, I argue that we can make sense of the idea of a quantity of liberty only if we are willing to count certain purely agential constraints, such as ignorance and physical incompetence, as obstacles to liberty in general. This spells trouble for traditional ‘negative’ accounts, (...)
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  8.  40
    Multicultural Incompetence and Other Unethical Behaviors: Perceptions of Therapist Practices.Danice L. Brown & Andrew M. Pomerantz - 2011 - Ethics and Behavior 21 (6):498 - 508.
    The present study examined nonprofessionals' perceptions of culturally based and noncultural ethical violations. One hundred seventy-four undergraduates students read 12 vignettes depicting situations in which a clinician committed either a culturally based violation (e.g., sexist or ageist behavior) or a noncultural violation (e.g., breeching confidentiality or multiple relationship). Results indicated that participants were more likely to have unfavorable views of clinicians who had committed culturally based violations. In addition, results suggested that participants would be more likely to report a clinician (...)
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  9. Incompetence: More prevalent than many realize.R. Eisenman - 2000 - Journal of Information Ethics 9 (1):5-9.
     
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  10.  33
    Voter incompetence and the legitimacy of representative democracy.Andreas T. Christiansen - forthcoming - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.
    Ever since its inception, democracy has been subjected to the objection that ordinary citizens are not fit to rule. I discuss and criticize the most influential contemporary version of this argument, due to Jason Brennan, according to which democracy is illegitimate because voters are incompetent. I accept two core premises of Brennan’s argument – that legitimacy requires competence, and that voters are incompetent (in the sense of competence Brennan accepts) – but reject the conclusion that representative democracy is (...)
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  11. The Incompetence of the Mere Scholar to Interpret Christianity.E. Armitage - 1915 - Hibbert Journal 14:353.
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  12.  20
    Bias, incompetence, or bad management?John Ziman - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (2):245-246.
  13.  30
    Is incompetence the exception or the rule?Jos V. M. Welie & Sander P. K. Welie - 2001 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 4 (2):125-126.
    In the literature three mechanisms are commonly distinguished to make decisions about the care of incompetent patients: A living will, a substituted judgment by a surrogate, and a best interest judgment. Almost universally, the third mechanism is deemed the worst possible of the three, to be invoked only when the former two are unavailable. In this article, I argue in favor of best interest judgments. The evermore common aversion of best interest judgments entails a risk that health care providers (...)
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  14. Ignorance and Incompetence.Berit Brogaard - forthcoming - In Rik Peels and Martijn Blaauw (ed.), Igorance. Cambridge University Press.
    On an initially plausible view of ignorance, ignorance is equivalent to the lack or absence of knowledge-that. I argue that this view is incorrect, as lack of sufficient justification for one's true belief or lack of belief doesn't necessarily amount to ignorance. My argument rests on linguistic considerations of common uses of 'ignorant' and its cognates. The phrase 'is ignorant of', I argue, functions differently grammatically and semantically from the phrase 'does not know', when the latter is used propositionally. 'Is (...)
     
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  15. Is the public incompetent? Compared to whom? About what?Gerald Gaus - 2008 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 20 (3):291-311.
    From Mill to, most recently, Bryan Caplan, political and economic elites have been seen as the solution to the public’s ignorance and incompetence. In order to show that elites are actually more competent than the public, however, we would have to find out what type of knowledge is necessary to enact good public policy. The empirical evidence shows that economic experts have a slight advantage over the general public in knowledge of how to achieve policy goals. But, contrary to Caplan, (...)
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  16.  10
    Patient incompetence in the practice of old age psychiatry : the significance of empirical research for the law.Sander Welie - 2008 - In Guy Widdershoven (ed.), Empirical ethics in psychiatry. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 231--47.
  17. In defence of fictional incompetence.Dan Cavedon-Taylor - 2010 - Ratio 23 (2):141-150.
    The claim that photographs are fictionally incompetent (i.e. that they can only depict those particulars they are appropriately causally related to) is argued by Noël Carroll, Gregory Currie, and Nigel Warburton to be falsified by cinematic works of fiction. In response I firstly argue that it does not follow from cinema's having a capacity for the representation of ficta that photography has a capacity for the representation of ficta. Secondly, and inspired by the work of Roger Scruton, I develop (...)
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  18.  40
    The Incompetent Self: Metamorphosis of a Person?Sarah M. Dietz, Sarah-Vaughan Brakman, Rebecca Dresser & Alan B. Astrow - 1998 - Hastings Center Report 28 (5):4.
  19.  26
    Reporting Incompetent Physicians: A Comparison of Requirements in Three States.Andrew J. Fama - 1983 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 11 (3):111-117.
  20. From incompetent professionalism to professionalized incompetence—the rise of a new breed of intellectuals.Paul K. Feyerabend - 1978 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 8 (1):37-53.
  21.  17
    The Social Construction of Incompetency: Moving Beyond Embedded Paternalism Toward the Practice of Respect.Supriya Subramani - 2020 - Health Care Analysis 28 (3):249-265.
    This article illustrates the less-acknowledged social construction of the concept of ‘incompetency’ and draws attention to the moral concerns it raises in health care encounters in the south Indian city of Chennai. Based on data drawn from qualitative research, this study suggests that surgeons subjectively construct the idea of incompetency through their understanding of the perceived circumstantial characteristics of the patients and family members they serve. The findings indicate that surgeons often underestimate patients and family members’ capacity based on constructed (...)
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  22. Enfranchising incompetents: Suretyship and the joint authorship of laws.Robert E. Goodin & Joanne C. Lau - 2011 - Ratio 24 (2):154-166.
    Proposals to lower the age of voting, to 15 for example, are regularly met with worries that people that age are not sufficiently ‘competent’. Notice however that we allow people that age to sign binding legal contracts, provided that those contracts are co-signed by their parents. Notice, further, that in a democracy voters are collectively ‘joint authors’ of the laws that they enact. Enfranchising some less competent voters is no worry, the Condorcet Jury Theorem assures us, so long as the (...)
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  23. Competence in Compensating for Incompetence: Odo Marquard on Philosophy.Benjamin7 De Mesel - 2018 - The Pluralist 13 (2):50-71.
    This article is an introduction to the metaphilosophical thought of the contemporary German philosopher Odo Marquard. He understands the philosopher’s competence as a competence in compensating for incompetence or, with a German neologism, as Inkompetenzkompensationskompetenz. I offer two interpretations of Marquard’s most famous notion. Both interpretations have been developed in order to answer a central question: if philosophers are incompetent, how can they live with their incompetence? The first interpretation goes back to Marquard’s early work. It leaves no option (...)
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  24.  38
    Lethal incompetence: Voters, officials, and systems.Jonathan Bendor & John G. Bullock - 2008 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 20 (1-2):1-23.
    ABSTRACT The study of voter competence has made significant contributions to our understanding of politics, but at this point there are diminishing returns to the endeavor. There is little reason, in theory or in practice, to expect voter competence to improve dramatically enough to make much of a difference, but there is reason to think that officials? competence can vary enough to make large differences. To understand variations in government performance, therefore, we would do better to focus on the abilities (...)
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  25.  28
    Research on the mentally incompetent.M. Cuenod - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (1):19-21.
    The specific problems of consent for the mentally incompetent are reviewed. Scientific research is essential to test the validity of present treatments and to develop new ones. The respective roles of the physician and the researcher have to be clearly defined. The vulnerability of psychiatric patients has to be taken into consideration in such a way that some research can be conducted. It is emphasised that the ethical restrictions for research, although highly justified and necessary, are in part responsible (...)
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  26.  26
    Culturally Incompetent Care: Endangers Life.Shah Nb - 2015 - Journal of Clinical Research and Bioethics 6 (5).
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  27.  54
    Narcissism as a Moral Incompetence.Aleksandar Fatic - 2023 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 30 (2):159-167.
    Abstract:In this paper, I suggest that the moral incompetence in narcissism is associated with a particular type of emotional incompetence, namely the incompetence to experience the moral emotions, such as empathy, solidarity, loyalty, or love. I then move on to discussing the ethical ramifications of this incompetence, primarily from the point of view of sentimentalist ethics, and conclude that emotional incompetence does not in fact reduce the moral responsibility of a narcissist person, whether diagnosed with Narcissistic Personality Disorder or not. (...)
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  28. Decision Making for Incompetent Persons: A Study in Law and Morality.Shannon Mcintyre Jordan - 1981 - Dissertation, University of Georgia
    This dissertation is a study of recent court decisions which have held that persons possess a fundamental right of autonomous decision-making in the matters of abortion and refusal or termination of treatment for certain conditions. The courts have held that even persons who are incompetent to form their own decisions possess this protected right of decision-making, and they have held several contradictory views as to who should form this decision in their place. This dissertation examines the court cases, the (...)
     
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  29.  11
    Deferring Consent with Incompetent Patients in an Intensive Care Unit.Norman Fost & John Robertson - 1980 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 2 (7):5.
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  30.  43
    Should incompetent patients (and their families) be provided professional advocates for an HEC concurrent case review? No.Lisa H. Newton - 1994 - HEC Forum 6 (3):173-175.
  31. Incompetent perceivers, distinguishable hallucinations, and perceptual phenomenology. Some problems for activity views of perception.Alfonso Anaya - 2021 - Philosophical Explorations 25 (1):88-107.
    There is a recent surge in interest in agential accounts of perception, i.e. accounts where activity plays a central role in accounting for the nature of perceptions. Within this camp, Lisa Miracch...
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  32.  48
    Self-determination, incompetence, and medical jurisprudence.Alan Strudler - 1988 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 13 (4):349-365.
    Philosophers and others have criticized the courts for ascribing a right of self-determination to severe incompetents. I defend ascription of a right of self-determination to these incompetents against both conceptual and normative attacks. I argue that a court need make no conceptual error when it ascribes a right of self-determination to a being who never had capacity for rational choice, and I argue that proper judicial deference to reflective conventional morality supports ascription of a right of self-determination to severe incompetents. (...)
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  33. Moral incompetence.Adam Morton - 2006 - In Timothy Chappell (ed.), Values and virtues: Aristotelianism in contemporary ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Moral high-performers have characteristic faults. I describe difficulties in handling moral problems that arise not out of faulty intentions or defective values but because the agents underestimate the complexity of the situation.
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  34.  39
    The Moral Incompetence of Anti-corruption Experts.Mario I. Juarez-Garcia - 2021 - Res Publica 27 (4):537-557.
    This paper studies the lessons of principled anti-corruption experts who dared to fulfill their duty of justice in highly corrupt societies, through the true story of Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, the former Finance Minister of Nigeria. My thesis is that when principled anti-corruption experts are epistemic trespassers, they show moral incompetence. Okonjo-Iweala shows moral incompetence in two ways: she misread the opposition to her strategies and misled other honest reformers. Both actions bungled her efforts to eradicate corruption inasmuch as they hindered the (...)
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  35.  22
    Incompetent organ donors.Howard Klepper - 1994 - Journal of Social Philosophy 25 (s1):241-255.
  36.  31
    Should incompetent patients (and their families) be provided professional advocates for an HEC concurrent case review? Yes.Joel Zimbelman - 1994 - HEC Forum 6 (3):170-172.
  37. Deciding for the Incompetent.Eric Vogelstein - 2016 - In John K. Davis (ed.), Ethics at the End of Life: New Issues and Arguments. New York: Routledge. pp. 108-125.
    This chapter discusses the moral framework for surrogate decision-making for incompetent medical patients. The chapter focuses on the question of how we can respect the autonomy of those who are no longer competent to make such decisions. The standard counterfactual account of how to respect the autonomy of the incompetent is evaluated, along with accounts that ground respect for autonomy on the patient’s most recent desires and values (regardless of whether the patient still possesses those desires and values) (...)
     
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  38.  37
    Schizophrenic thought disorder: Linguistic incompetence or information-processing impairment?Robert F. Asarnow & John M. Watkins - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (4):589-590.
  39.  31
    Consent and the Incompetent Patient: Ethics, Law and Medicine.Joanne Briggs - 1991 - Journal of Medical Ethics 17 (1):49-50.
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  40.  15
    I Am as Incompetent as the Prototypical Group Member: An Investigation of Naturally Occurring Golem Effects in Work Groups.Alex Leung & Thomas Sy - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  41.  19
    Deciding for the incompetent.Dana Howard - 2018 - In Kalle Grill & Jason Hanna (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism. New York: Routledge.
    This chapter explores whether it is possible to treat incompetent persons paternalistically. What is often seen to be wrong about acting paternalistically towards others is that one is treating these others as if they cannot make their own decisions about their own good. So how should one think about situations where one must make decisions on behalf of people who indeed cannot make their own decisions about their own good – especially if these people are still to some extent (...)
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  42.  45
    Positive and Negative Moral Incompetence.Sean Clancy - 2020 - Journal of Value Inquiry 55 (4):647-667.
  43.  8
    Consent and the Incompetent Patient: Ethics, Law and Medicine : Proceedings of a Meeting Held at the Royal Society of Medicine, 9 December 1986.Steven R. Hirsch & John Harris - 1988 - Royal College of Psychiatrists.
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  44.  18
    Involuntary Commitment, Incompetency, and Consent.Angela R. Holder - 1983 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 5 (2):6.
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  45.  25
    Does peer benefit justify research on incompetent individuals? The same-population condition in codes of research ethics.Mats Johansson & Linus Broström - 2012 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 15 (3):287-294.
    Research on incompetent humans raises ethical challenges, especially when there is no direct benefit to these research subjects. Contemporary codes of research ethics typically require that such research must specifically serve to benefit the population to which the research subjects belong. The article critically examines this “same-population condition”, raising issues of both interpretation and moral justification. Of particular concern is the risk that the way in which the condition is articulated and rationalized in effect disguises or downplays the instrumentalization (...)
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  46.  40
    Caring for Incompetent Patients: Is There a Physician on the Case?Bernard Lo - 1989 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 17 (3):214-220.
  47.  15
    Why I cannot dance the Tango: Reflections of an incompetent member of the “milongas porteñas”.Carlos Belvedere - 2016 - Schutzian Research 8:179-200.
    The purpose of this paper is to discuss the idea that members are fully competent at what they do. With that aim, I start with a Schutzian and Ethno­methodological account of what it is like to be a member of the tango scene in the dance halls of Buenos Aires. I specify different degrees and kinds of competences. On the one hand, there are fully competent members and incompetent members. The incompetent members are the vast majority in comparison (...)
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  48. On the Political Incompetence of Philosophy.Hans-Georg Gadamer & John Fletcher - 1998 - Diogenes 46 (182):3-11.
    The conflict which has tended recently to crystallize in particular around the name of Martin Heidegger goes back a long way. Where do philosophers stand in relation to political and social reality? What assistance can their problems and insights offer the process of coming to terms with this reality? In the context of the discussions surrounding Farias's book I set out my own position in Paris in November 1987; the full text was later published in German under the heading “Return (...)
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  49.  13
    Lucky Idiots and Incompetent Villains: Luck and Responsibility in Meaningful Lives.Chad Mason Stevenson - 2024 - Philosophia 52 (2):417-433.
    What is the relationship between meaning in life and luck? One popular view within the literature is that resultant luck vitiates meaning; that if the relevant state-of-affairs is primarily the result of luck, chance, or happenstance, rather than the person’s actions, then no meaning is conferred. Call this the anti-luck constraint. In this article it is argued that we should reject the anti-luck constraint. Two types of cases, often cited as examples in favour of the anti-luck constraint, are examined: the (...)
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  50.  9
    Family and the Incompetent Patient.J. A. Leies - 1990 - Ethics and Medics 15 (11):1-3.
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