Results for 'scientific authority'

973 found
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  1. Scientific authority and the post euclidean revolution in mathematics.Joan Fujimura - 2007 - In Boaventura Sousa Santodes, Cognitive justice in a global world: prudent knowledges for a decent life. Lanham: Lexington Books.
     
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  2.  20
    The fear of simulation: Scientific authority in late 19th-century French disputes over hypnotism.Kim M. Hajek - 2015 - History of Science 53 (3):237-263.
    This article interrogates the way/s in which rival schools studying hypnotism in late 19th-century France framed what counts as valid evidence for the purposes of science. Concern over the scientific reality of results is particularly situated in the notion of simulation (the faking of results); the respective approaches to simulation of the Salpêtrière and Nancy schools are analysed through close reading of key texts: Binet and Féré for the Salpêtrière, and Bernheim for Nancy. The article reveals a striking divergence (...)
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  3.  47
    Michael Polanyi on Scientific Authority and his Criticism of Popper and Russell.Ute Deichmann - 2011 - Leo Baeck Institute Year Book 56 (1):249-268.
    This article analyzes, Polanyi’s notion of authority in science and his criticism of Popper and Russell. It uses the history of early genetics and neo-Darwinism in order to examine the fruitfulness of Polanyi's concepts for an understanding of the history of biology. It discusses the responsibility of scientists in influential positions and shows that scientific authority is – as is criticism – indispensable for progress.
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  4.  38
    Introduction: Scientific Authority and the Politics of Science and History in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.Friedrich Cain, Dietlind Hüchtker, Bernhard Kleeberg, Karin Reichenbach & Jan Surman - 2021 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 44 (4):339-351.
    Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Volume 44, Issue 4, Page 339-351, December 2021.
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  5. The Disconnect Problem, Scientific Authority, and Climate Policy.Matthew J. Brown & Joyce C. Havstad - 2017 - Perspectives on Science 25 (1):67-94.
    The disconnect problem arises wherever there is ongoing and severe discordance between the scientific assessment of a politically relevant issue, and the politics and legislation of said issue. Here, we focus on the disconnect problem as it arises in the case of climate change, diagnosing a failure to respect the necessary tradeoff between authority and autonomy within a public institution like science. After assessing the problematic deployment of scientific authority in this arena, we offer suggestions for (...)
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  6.  58
    Identifying and characterizing scientific authority-related misinformation discourse about hydroxychloroquine on twitter using unsupervised machine learning.Tim K. Mackey, Jiawei Li & Michael Robert Haupt - 2021 - Big Data and Society 8 (1).
    This study investigates the types of misinformation spread on Twitter that evokes scientific authority or evidence when making false claims about the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine as a treatment for COVID-19. Specifically, we examined tweets generated after former U.S. President Donald Trump retweeted misinformation about the drug using an unsupervised machine learning approach called the biterm topic model that is used to cluster tweets into misinformation topics based on textual similarity. The top 10 tweets from each topic cluster were (...)
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  7.  2
    John Buridan on the Formation of Scientific Authority.Christophe Grellard - 2025 - History of Philosophy & Logical Analysis:1-18.
    The aim of this essay is to examine John Buridans’s view on scientific authority and to point out the social dimension of such an authority. Drawing mainly on Buridan’s natural philosophy (and in particular on the commentary on the Meteors), the essay identifies Buridan’s typology of scientific authority and points out how the community of masters is involved in the formation of such an authority. The important aspect of this shared formation is the openness (...)
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  8. Scientific authority: Consensually agreed knowledge of nature.Victor Bien - 2012 - The Australian Humanist (106):16.
    Bien, Victor This article addresses the importance of science to Humanists, as expressed in an object of the Humanist Society of NSW, namely 'to promote the fullest use of science for human welfare'. Similarly, Humanist support for science is expressed in the Amsterdam Declaration endorsed by the 50th Congress of the International Humanist and Ethical Union in 2002. Paragraph 2 reads: Humanism is rational. It seeks to use science creatively, not destructively. Humanists believe that the solutions to the world's problems (...)
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  9. Crowd-sourced science: societal engagement, scientific authority and ethical practice.Sean F. Johnston, Benjamin Franks & Sandy Whitelaw - 2017 - Journal of Information Ethics 26 (1):49-65.
    This paper discusses the implications for public participation in science opened by the sharing of information via electronic media. The ethical dimensions of information flow and control are linked to questions of autonomy, authority and appropriate exploitation of knowledge. It argues that, by lowering the boundaries that limit access and participation by wider active audiences, both scientific identity and practice are challenged in favor of extra-disciplinary and avocational communities such as scientific enthusiasts and lay experts. Reconfigurations of (...)
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  10. The death of the scientific author: Multiple authorship in scientific papers.William Vesterman - 2002 - Common Knowledge 8 (3):439-448.
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  11.  29
    Volume contents and author index.[No Author Name Available] - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 26 (4):471-475.
    INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Volume 26 Number 1 March 2012 ARTICLES An Inferential Model of Scientific Understanding Mark Newman 1 Evidence and the Assessment of Causal Rela...
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  12. Wonder Woman and her Disciplinary Powers: The Queer Intersection of Scientific Authority and Mass Culture.Molly Rhodes - 2000 - In Roddey Reid & Sharon Traweek, Doing science + culture. New York: Routledge. pp. 95--118.
     
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  13.  42
    Gender and Scientific Authority. Barbara Laslett, Sally Gregory Kohlstedt, Helen Longino, Evelynn Hammonds.Naomi Oreskes - 1998 - Isis 89 (3):522-523.
  14.  15
    Recovery and the partitioning of scientific authority in psychiatry.Douglas Porter & Peter Zachar - 2012 - In Abraham Rudnick, Recovery of People with Mental Illness: Philosophical and Related Perspectives. Oxford University Press. pp. 203.
  15. Trusting Science: Is There Reasonable Distrust of Reputable Scientific Authority?Brittany A. Gentry - 2024 - In Michael Resch, Nico Formanek, Joshy Ammu & Andreas Kaminski, Science and the Art of Simulation: Trust in Science. Springer. pp. 45-58.
    Is there reasonable distrust of reputable scientific authority? This paper considers the role of experience in the epistemic process of trusting authority and argues that distrust based on experience mirrors rational processes of belief formation and so produces rational, though sometimes wrong, beliefs. Part one establishes the importance of experience in the basic process of developing trust in authority and in formal epistemologies. Part two considers four ways in which people experience scientific authorities: (1) expertise, (...)
     
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  16.  18
    U.S. Economics and the Quest for Scientific Authority.Camila Orozco Espinel - 2019 - Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics 12 (1):145-149.
    This thesis studies the way in which economists have sought to establish the scientific authority of their discipline during the period before and after World War II in the United States. The research shows how the quest for scientific authority by economists gave rise to new concepts and notions, instruments of control, and calculation methods. Such developments contributed material and symbolic advantages to the discipline in the academic world and the broader academic sphere. By establishing itself (...)
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  17. Onward, Christian penguins: wildlife film and the image of scientific authority.Rebecca Wexler - 2008 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 39 (3):273-279.
    Within US media reactions to March of the penguins, animal images became an arena for displaced conflicts of human interest. This paper examines an intermediary step through which the film became a medium for social disagreement: conflict over control of the cultural authority to interpret animal images. I analyze claims to the cultural honorific of science made within disputes over readings of the film as evidence for intelligent design . I argue that published refutations of this reading were largely (...)
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  18.  70
    Challenging Expertise: Paul Feyerabend vs. Harry Collins & Robert Evans on democracy, public participation and scientific authority.Helene Sorgner - 2016 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 57:114-120.
  19.  9
    Rebels within the Ranks: Psychologists' Critique of Scientific Authority and Democratic Realities in New Deal America by Katherine Pandora. [REVIEW]John Jackson - 1999 - Isis 90:158-159.
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  20.  8
    Harry Redner, The Ends of Science: An Essay in Scientific Authority[REVIEW]Michael Neumann - 1989 - Philosophy in Review 9:465-468.
  21.  22
    Power Struggles: Scientific Authority and the Creation of Practical Electricity before Edison. [REVIEW]Mark Finlay - 2012 - Annals of Science 69 (1):149-152.
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  22.  19
    Bridging the Gap with Clinicians: The Issue of Underrecognition of Pathologists and Radiologists as Scientific Authors in Contemporary Medical Literature.Emilija Manojlovic-Gacic, Jelena Dotlic, Tatjana Gazibara, Tatjana Terzic & Milica Skender-Gazibara - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (2):783-792.
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate recognition of pathologists and radiologists as coauthors in case reports in the field of surgical oncology. The MEDLINE database was searched for all full free text case reports involving human material published from April 1, 2011 until March 31, 2016, using search terms: “case report” + “tumors” + “surgery” + “malignant”. The search strategy identified a total of 1427 case reports of which 907 were included in this analysis. Of 807 articles with (...)
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  23. Scientific Conclusions Need Not Be Accurate, Justified, or Believed by their Authors.Haixin Dang & Liam Kofi Bright - 2021 - Synthese 199:8187–8203.
    We argue that the main results of scientific papers may appropriately be published even if they are false, unjustified, and not believed to be true or justified by their author. To defend this claim we draw upon the literature studying the norms of assertion, and consider how they would apply if one attempted to hold claims made in scientific papers to their strictures, as assertions and discovery claims in scientific papers seem naturally analogous. We first use a (...)
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  24.  3
    The Ends Of Science: An Essay In Scientific Authority.Harry Redner - 1987 - Westview Press.
  25.  16
    (1 other version)The Authority of the Scientific Rejection of Pseudo-Science.R. G. A. Dolby - 1989 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 9 (5):283-293.
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  26.  8
    Expertise, “Scientification,” and the Authority of Science.Stephen Turner - 2007 - In G. Ritzer, J. M. Ryan & B. Thorn, The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology (1st Ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1541-1543.
    The problem of the role of experts in society may seem to be a topic marginal to the main concerns of sociology, but it is in fact deeply rooted in the sociological project itself. Sociologists and social thinkers have long been concerned with the problem of the role of knowledge in society. Certain Enlightenment thinkers, notably Turgot and Condorcet, believed that social progress depended on the advance of knowledge and the wider dispersion of knowledge in society. But Condorcet especially recognized (...)
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  27.  17
    Classical authors and “scientific” research in the early years of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, 1781–1800.Heather Ellis - 2022 - Intellectual History Review 32 (3):473-501.
    While a clear distinction was drawn between “classical learning” and “modern science” at Oxford and Cambridge Universities in the early nineteenth century, we see no such contrast being made in other spaces of knowledge making, such as the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. Drawing on Bacon's insistence that his inductive method should apply across all fields of knowledge, early members of the Society interpreted “science” as referring to any systematic inquiry utilising an empirical approach. An investigation of the ways in (...)
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  28.  33
    (1 other version)Scientific Method: Method and the Authority of Science.Mary Tiles - 1988 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Lectures 24:31-51.
    The thought that it might be possible to develop a method of scientific discovery, a procedure of investigation and reasoning which, so long as its principles were studiously followed, would be guaranteed to result in scientific knowledge, has long been recognized to be a mere philosophers' dream, with no more possibility of fulfilment than the alchemists' dream of producing a philosophers' stone which would turn base metals into gold. Yet it remains the case that the authority of (...)
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  29.  1
    Loath to Print: The Reluctant Scientific Author, 1500–1750._ Nicole Howard. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 2022. x + 218 pp. $55. [REVIEW]Sergio Orozco-Echeverri - 2023 - Renaissance Quarterly 76 (3):1090-1092.
  30.  1
    Nicole Howard, Loath to Print: The Reluctant Scientific Author 1500–1750 Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2022. Pp. 232. ISBN 978-1-4214-4368-3. $55.00 (hardcover). [REVIEW]Eileen Reeves - forthcoming - British Journal for the History of Science:1-2.
  31.  27
    Harry Redner. The Ends of Science: An Essay in Scientific Authority. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1987. Pp. xiv + 344. ISBN 3-0452-0; $39.50. [REVIEW]R. D. Whitley - 1989 - British Journal for the History of Science 22 (1):106-108.
  32.  24
    The Ends of Science: An Essay in Scientific Authority. Harry Redner. [REVIEW]Lisa Heinz - 1990 - Isis 81 (3):539-540.
  33.  37
    The Art of Authority: Exhibits, Exhibit-Makers, and the Contest for Scientific Status in the American Museum of Natural History, 1920–1940.Victoria Cain - 2011 - Science in Context 24 (2):215-238.
    ArgumentIn the 1920s and 1930s, the growing importance of habitat dioramas at the American Museum of Natural History forced staff members to reconsider what counted as scientific practice and knowledge. Exhibit-makers pressed for more scientific authority, citing their extensive and direct observations of nature in the field. The museum's curators, concerned about their own eroding status, dismissed this bid for authority, declaring that older traditions of lay observation were no longer legitimate. By the 1940s, changes inside (...)
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  34.  22
    Michael Brian Schiffer. Power Struggles: Scientific Authority and the Creation of Practical Electricity before Edison. xii + 420 pp., figs., bibl., index. Cambridge, Mass./London: MIT Press, 2008. $38. [REVIEW]Peter Shulman - 2009 - Isis 100 (3):679-680.
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  35.  18
    Scientific Method and the Regulation of Health and Nutritional Claims by the European Food Safety Authority.Darren Hoad - 2011 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 31 (2):123-133.
    The protection of European consumers from the false or misleading scientific and nutritional claims of food manufacturers took a step forward with the recent opinions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). As a risk assessment agency, the EFSA recently assessed and rejected a vast number of food claim forcing the withdrawal of many claims from leading manufacturers. Focusing on the functional food sector, consumer protection issues, and market impacts, this article looks into the role of the EFSA (...)
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  36.  90
    Authorship Matrix: A Rational Approach to Quantify Individual Contributions and Responsibilities in Multi-Author Scientific Articles.T. Prabhakar Clement - 2014 - Science and Engineering Ethics 20 (2):345-361.
    We propose a rational method for addressing an important question—who deserves to be an author of a scientific article? We review various contentious issues associated with this question and recommend that the scientific community should view authorship in terms of contributions and responsibilities, rather than credits. We propose a new paradigm that conceptually divides a scientific article into four basic elements: ideas, work, writing, and stewardship. We employ these four fundamental elements to modify the well-known International Committee (...)
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  37.  27
    Book Reviews : Harry Redner, The Ends of Science: An Essay in Scientific Authority. Westview, Boulder, CO, 1987. Pp. xiv, 344, $43.50. [REVIEW]Denis J. Hilton - 1992 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 22 (2):259-262.
  38. Financial interests of authors in scientific journals: A pilot study of 14 publications.Sheldon Krimsky, L. S. Rothenberg, P. Stott & G. Kyle - 1996 - Science and Engineering Ethics 2 (4):395-410.
    Disclosure of financial interests in scientific research is the centerpiece of the new conflict of interest regulations issued by the U.S. Public Health Service and the National Science Foundation that became effective October 1, 1995. Several scientific journals have also established financial disclosure requirements for contributors. This paper measures the frequency of selected financial interests held among authors of certain types of scientific publications and assesses disclosure practices of authors. We examined 1105 university authors (first and last (...)
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  39.  43
    Disciplinary authority and accountability in scientific practice and learning.Michael Ford - 2008 - Science Education 92 (3):404-423.
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  40.  22
    Sound authorities: scientific and musical knowledge in nineteenth-century Britain.Coreen McGuire - forthcoming - Annals of Science.
    This book rests on a central epistemological claim; sound was as important as vision to scientific knowledge production in nineteenth-century Britain. In establishing this thesis, this book provide...
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  41.  37
    Design and Dissent: Religion, Authority, and the Scientific Spirit of Robert Broom.Jesse Richmond - 2009 - Isis 100 (3):485-504.
  42. Disagreement and Authority: comparing ecclesial and scientific practices.Louis Caruana - 2015 - In A. J. Carroll, M. Kerkwijk, M. Kirwan & J. Sweeney, Towards a Kenotic Vision of Authority in the Catholic Church. The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. pp. 91-102.
    In recent years, disagreement as a philosophical topic has started to attract considerable attention, giving rise to rich debates not only on the logical nature of disagreement but also on specifically political and religious forms of it. Moreover, in some recent documents of the Catholic Church, we see corresponding attempts at understanding religious pluralism, dialogue among religions, and doctrinal tensions that sometimes arise within various parts of the Church itself. In such debates, many assume that the realm of the humanities (...)
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  43.  16
    Blinding Authority: Randomized Clinical Trials and the Production of Global Scientific Knowledge in Contemporary Sri Lanka.Salla Sariola & Bob Simpson - 2012 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 37 (5):555-575.
    In this article, the authors present an ethnography of biomedical knowledge production and science collaboration when they take place in developing country contexts. The authors focus on the arrival of international clinical trials to Sri Lanka and provide analysis of what was described as one of the first multisited trials in the country, a pharmaceutical company sponsored, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial carried out between 2009 and 2010. Using interviews with those who conducted the trial and six months (...)
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  44.  73
    Retractions in the scientific literature: do authors deliberately commit research fraud?R. Grant Steen - 2011 - Journal of Medical Ethics 37 (2):113-117.
    Background Papers retracted for fraud (data fabrication or data falsification) may represent a deliberate effort to deceive, a motivation fundamentally different from papers retracted for error. It is hypothesised that fraudulent authors target journals with a high impact factor (IF), have other fraudulent publications, diffuse responsibility across many co-authors, delay retracting fraudulent papers and publish from countries with a weak research infrastructure. Methods All 788 English language research papers retracted from the PubMed database between 2000 and 2010 were evaluated. Data (...)
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  45. Authors’ Abstracts of Recent BooksMan’s Invincible SurmiseCreative Synthesis and Philosophic MethodGood and Evil: A New DirectionAgent, Action and ReasonAn Inquiry Into the Human MindContradiction and Mental ProcessReadings in the Philosophy of Education: A Study of CurriculumDoing and Deserving: Essays in the Theory of ResponsibilityOn the Idea of PhenomenologyPrinciples of Political Economy Books IV and VA Bibliography of F. C. S. SchillerHartshorne and Neoclassical Metaphysics: An InterpretationAspects of Scientific Explanation and Other Essays in the Philosophy of ScienceZeno’s ParadoxesFondamento e problemi della metafisica Vol. I: Essere e VeritàPaul Tillich’s Dialectical HumanismMetaphysics and British EmpiricismBeing, Man and Death: A Key to HeideggerAlienationJustice and EqualityMetaphysical Foundations of Natural ScienceAn Introduction to the Philosophy of ScienceHumanistic IdealsBasic Philosophical AnalysisEssays on Other MindsThe Problem of the SelfA Critical Preface to Phi. [REVIEW]JrThomas Garrigue MasarykCharles L. ReidHenry W. Johnstone Gerald M. SpringCharles HartshorneRichard TaylorThomas ReidLeland FergusonJoel FeinbergPhilip PettitJohn S. MillHerbert L. SearlesAllan ShieldsEugene H. PetersCarl G. HempelDomenico CampanaleLeonard F. WheatRobert L. ArmstrongJames M. DemskeRichard SchachtImmanuel KantKarel Lambert and Gordon G. Brittan - 1972 - The Monist 56 (4):626-641.
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  46.  25
    Scientific Man vs. Power Politics: A Pamphlet and Its Author between Two Academic Cultures.Hartmut Behr - 2016 - Ethics and International Affairs 30 (1):33-38.
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  47.  95
    Authority, objectivity, evidence: scientific photography in Victorian Britain.Josh Ellenbogen - 2008 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 39 (1):171-175.
  48.  60
    Barriers to scientific contributions: The author's formula.J. Scott Armstrong - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (2):197-199.
  49.  11
    Percentage-based Author Contribution Index: a universal measure of author contribution to scientific articles.Jason M. Schmidt, Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte, Marie-Caroline Lefort, Takayoshi Ikeda & Stéphane Boyer - 2017 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 2 (1).
    BackgroundDeciphering the amount of work provided by different co-authors of a scientific paper has been a recurrent problem in science. Despite the myriad of metrics available, the scientific community still largely relies on the position in the list of authors to evaluate contributions, a metric that attributes subjective and unfounded credit to co-authors. We propose an easy to apply, universally comparable and fair metric to measure and report co-authors contribution in the scientific literature. MethodsThe proposed Author Contribution (...)
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  50.  8
    Authority.Nicholas Rescher - 2012 - In J. B. Stump & Alan G. Padgett, The Blackwell Companion to Science and Christianity. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 74-81.
    This chapter contains sections titled: * Introduction * Epistemic versus Practical Authority * Scientific Authority and Its Limits * The Validation for Acknowledging Authority * Ecclesiastical Authority * Which One? * Note * References * Further Reading.
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