Results for 'Causing Harm'

956 found
Order:
  1.  15
    Current periodical articles.Causing Harm & Bringing Aid - 1981 - American Philosophical Quarterly 18 (4).
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  2. Harming as causing harm.Elizabeth Harman - 2009 - In David Wasserman & Melinda Roberts, Harming Future Persons: Ethics, Genetics and the Nonidentity Problem. Springer. pp. 137--154.
    This paper argues that non-identity actions are wrong because they _cause_ harm to people. While non-identity actions also typically benefit people, failure to act would similarly benefit someone, so considerations of benefit are ineligible to justify the harm. However, in some non-identity cases, failure to act would not benefit anyone: cases where one is choosing whether to procreate at all. These are the _hard_ non-identity cases. Not all "different-number" cases are hard. In some cases, we don't know whether (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   68 citations  
  3.  29
    Causing Harm: A Logico-Legal Study.Lennart Åqvist & Philip Mullock - 1989 - De Gruyter.
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  4. Causing Harm -- A Logico-Legal Study.Philip Mullock - 1996 - Erkenntnis 44 (1):113-118.
    No categories
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  5.  27
    Causing Harm and Bringing Aid.Jean Beer Blumenfeld - 1981 - American Philosophical Quarterly 18 (4):323 - 329.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  6.  41
    Causing Harm. A Logico-Legal Study. By Lennart Åqvist and Philip Mullock. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 1989. Pp. 353.Martin Van Hees - 1997 - Ratio Juris 10 (3):351-355.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  7.  48
    Exploiting disadvantage as causing harm.Siba Harb & R. J. Leland - 2019 - Ethics and Global Politics 12 (1):33-42.
    In Responding to Global Poverty, Christian Barry and Gerhard Øverland argue that, while exploitation is morally problematic, responsibilities not to exploit are characteristically less stringent than responsibilities not to harm. They even suggest that exploiters’ responsibilities to assist the exploited may be weaker than the responsibilities of culpable bystanders who are able to help the poor but fail to do so We think Barry and Øverland underestimate the prospects of the exploitation argument. In our paper, we suggest that exploitation (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  8.  53
    When Corporations Cause Harm: A Critical View of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Crimes.Rafael Alcadipani & Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira Medeiros - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 167 (2):285-297.
    Corporations perform actions that can inflict harm with different levels of intensity, from death to material loss, to both companies’ internal and external stakeholders. Research has analysed corporate harm using the notions of corporate social irresponsibility and corporate crime. Critical management studies have been subjecting management and organizational practices and knowledge to critical analysis, and corporate harm has been one of the main concerns of CMS. However, CMS has rarely been deployed to analyse CSIR and corporate crime. (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  9.  63
    Causing harm: Criminal law. [REVIEW]Philip Mullock - 1988 - Law and Philosophy 7 (1):67 - 105.
    This paper offers two related things. First, a theory of singular causal statements attributing causal responsibility for a particular harm to a particular agent based on the conjunction of a positive condition (necessitation) and a negative condition (avoidability) which captures the notions of sufficiency and necessity in intuitive ideas about agent causation better than traditional conditio sine qua non based theories. Second, a theory of representation of causal issues in the law. The conceptual framework is that of Game Trees (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  10.  95
    Why We Should Avoid Artists Who Cause Harm: Support as Enabling Harm.Bradley Elicker - 2020 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 38 (2):306-319.
    This article examines our ethical responsibility toward artists engaged in harmful behaviors. Specifically, I demonstrate when and why we are morally obligated to withdraw our public and financial support from Artists Who Cause Harm such as Louis C.K., Terry Richardson, and Ryan Adams. Using a moral distinction presented by Philippa Foot and others, I identify this support as enabling harm when the wealth and influence that we support removes typical barriers that protect victims from harm and interposes (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  11.  52
    Immigration enforcement and justifications for causing harm.Kevin K. W. Ip - forthcoming - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.
    States are not only claiming the right to grant or deny entry to their territories but also enforcing this right against non-citizens in ways that cause significant harm to these individuals. In this article, I argue that endorsing the presumptive right to restrict immigration does not settle the question of when or how it may permissibly inflict harm on individuals to enforce this right. I examine three distinct justifications for causing harm to individuals. First, the justification (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  12. (When) Are Authors Culpable for Causing Harm?Marcus Arvan - 2023 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 20 (1-2):47-78.
    To what extent are authors morally culpable for harms caused by their published work? Can authors be culpable even if their ideas are misused, perhaps because they failed to take precautions to prevent harmful misinterpretations? Might authors be culpable even if they do take precautions—if, for example, they publish ideas that others can be reasonably expected to put to harmful uses, precautions notwithstanding? Although complete answers to these questions depend upon controversial views about the right to free speech, this paper (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  13. Whistling, Protecting, and Causing Harm.Robert Hauptman - 2011 - Journal of Information Ethics 20 (2).
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  14. When keeping secrets may cause harm.Leone Ridsdale - 1990 - Journal of Medical Ethics 16 (2):81-82.
    A GP is not informed that her patient is HIV-positive. The question is posed-should doctors in special clinics act on the assumption that patients do not want their GP informed? It is argued that this assumption may be false, and that it may deny patients the offer of appropriate and timely support.
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  15.  19
    Clinical Trials Not Causing Harm With Potential for Realizing Benefit Should Continue.Brian Michael Jackson - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (10):112-114.
    Volume 19, Issue 10, October 2019, Page 112-114.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  16.  35
    Bad samaritans cause harm.John Harris - 1982 - Philosophical Quarterly 32 (126):60-69.
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  17. Transgender Children and the Right to Transition: Medical Ethics When Parents Mean Well but Cause Harm.Maura Priest - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (2):45-59.
    Published in the American Journal of Bioethics.
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   33 citations  
  18. Small Impacts and Imperceptible Effects: Causing Harm with Others.Kai Spiekermann - 2014 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 38 (1):75-90.
  19.  35
    Inclusive Blameworthiness and the Wrongfulness of Causing Harm.Evan Tiffany - 2023 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 25 (3).
    This paper takes up the question of whether the consequences of a person’s volitional actions can contribute to their blameworthiness. On the one hand it is intuitively plausible to hold that if D1 volitionally shoots V with the intention of killing V then D1 is blameworthy for V’s death. On the other hand, if the only difference between D1 and D2 is resultant luck, many find it counter-intuitive to hold that D1 is more blameworthy than D2. There are three broad (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  20.  15
    The influence of harm characteristics on endorsement of actions that cause harm.Robert A. McDonald & Irene Jacobsohn Norsworthy - 2000 - Teaching Business Ethics 4 (1):57-68.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  21.  56
    Smoke and Mirrors: When Professional Discipline may cause harm.Linda Haller - 2005 - Legal Ethics 8 (1):70-86.
  22. Going too far? How the public health anti-obesity drives could cause harm by promoting eating disorders.Jacinta O. A. Tan, Suzana Corciova & Dasha Nicholls - 2019 - In Kelso Cratsley & Jennifer Radden, Mental Health as Public Health: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Ethics of Prevention. San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23.  17
    When Protection From Risk-to-Self Causes Harm: A Brief Analysis of Restraint Use to Prevent Elopement.Chelsey Patten & Benjamin Chaucer - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (7):97-100.
    Balancing patient rights with patient safety is a nuanced challenge. Restraint use, in particular, poses unique ethical challenges for healthcare systems. Realizing this, the American Nurses Associ...
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24.  37
    The Tragic Science: How Economists Cause Harm (even as They Aspire to Do Good). George F. DeMartino. University of Chicago Press. xi + 265 pages. [REVIEW]Lukas Beck - 2023 - Economics and Philosophy 39 (3):522-527.
  25. Moral responsibility for harm caused by computer system failures.Douglas Birsch - 2004 - Ethics and Information Technology 6 (4):233-245.
    When software is written and then utilized in complex computer systems, problems often occur. Sometimes these problems cause a system to malfunction, and in some instances such malfunctions cause harm. Should any of the persons involved in creating the software be blamed and punished when a computer system failure leads to persons being harmed? In order to decide whether such blame and punishment are appropriate, we need to first consider if the people are “morally responsible”. Should any of the (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26. Causing and preventing serious harm.Peter Unger - 1992 - Philosophical Studies 65 (3):227 - 255.
  27.  29
    Harm caused by adverse events in primary care: a clinical observational study.Raymond Wetzels, Rene Wolters, Chris van Weel & Michel Wensing - 2009 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 15 (2):323-327.
  28.  32
    Cause and culpability.T. Forcht Dagi - 1976 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1 (4):349-371.
    Summary and ConclusionMinutes before the jury would have returned a decision in Kaufman's favor, assessing damages of almost a half-million dollars against the physicians who treated her, she settled out of court for approximately half that sum. I would argue that responsibility in medicine, that liability for malpractice, should be restricted to cases of negligence in which there is no question concerning the proximate causality of the physician's proven negligence to the harm which resulted. It is clear that “negligence” (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  29.  32
    Liability for Wrongful Assistance: On Causing Unjust Harm in the Course of Suboptimal Rescue.Helen Frowe - 2022 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 39 (1):23-37.
    Several states, including the United Kingdom, the United States, and France, have recently engaged in the high-profile supporting of foreign rebel fighters, providing them with training, weapons, and financial resources. Justifications for providing this assistance usually invoke, at least in part, our obligations to prevent harm to the citizens of oppressive and violent regimes. Providing such assistance is often presented as a morally safe ‘middle ground’ between doing nothing and putting one’s own troops at risk. Yet this assistance typically (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  30.  73
    Eliminating the Harm We Cause.John K. Alexander - 2008 - Philosophy in the Contemporary World 15 (1):11-21.
    Peter Singer places a stringent requirement on us to come to the aid of those who are suffering, as long as we do not have to give up something of comparable worth. I consider some criticisms of this view here, while arguing in defense of Singer’s conclusion. I presume here that it is morally impermissible to create unnecessary and avoidable harm to innocent people. I argue that if we have an adequate understanding of agent causation and moral responsibility then (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  31. Causing Disability, Causing Non-Disability: What's the Moral Difference?Joseph A. Stramondo & Stephen M. Campbell - 2020 - In Adam Cureton & David Wasserman, Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Disability. Oxford University Press. pp. 138-57.
    It may seem obvious that causing disability in another person is morally problematic in a way that removing or preventing a disability is not. This suggests that there is a moral asymmetry between causing disability and causing non-disability. This chapter investigates whether there are any differences between these two types of actions that might explain the existence of a general moral asymmetry. After setting aside the possibility that having a disability is almost always bad or harmful for (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  32.  33
    Bypassing the gatekeeper: incidental negative cues stimulate choices with negative outcomes.Niek Strohmaier & Harm Veling - 2019 - Cognition and Emotion 33 (5):1059-1066.
    ABSTRACTThe Theory of Event Coding predicts that exposure to affective cues can automatically trigger affectively congruent behaviour due to shared representational codes. An intriguing hypothesis from this theory is that exposure to aversive cues can automatically trigger actions that have previously been learned to result in aversive outcomes. Previous work has indeed found such a compatibility effect on reaction times in forced-choice tasks, but not for action selection in free-choice tasks. Failure to observe this compatibility effect for aversive cues in (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  33. Causing Global Warming.Mattias Gunnemyr - 2019 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 22 (2):399-424.
    Do I cause global warming, climate change and their related harms when I go for a leisure drive with my gas-guzzling car? The current verdict seems to be that I do not; the emissions produced by my drive are much too insignificant to make a difference for the occurrence of global warming and its related harms. I argue that our verdict on this issue depends on what we mean by ‘causation’. If we for instance assume a simple counterfactual analysis of (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   12 citations  
  34. Taking blood from children causes no more than minimal harm.M. Smith - 1985 - Journal of Medical Ethics 11 (3):127-131.
    The ethical question of whether taking blood from normal children for research purposes is justified, is determined in part at least, by whether or not the children are harmed. To try to assess the risks, the effects of venepuncture on a group of healthy subjects were studied, by means of a parental questionnaire completed approximately eighteen months after the venepuncture had taken place. Ninety-two healthy children aged between 6 and 8 had a blood sample taken for non-therapeutic reasons as part (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  35.  33
    PDMP causes more than just testimonial injustice.Tina Nguyen - 2023 - Journal of Medical Ethics 49 (8):549-550.
    In the article ‘Testimonial injustice in medical machine learning’, Pozzi argues that the prescription drug monitoring programme (PDMP) leads to testimonial injustice as physicians are more inclined to trust the PDMP’s risk scores over the patient’s own account of their medication history.1 Pozzi further develops this argument by discussing how credibility shifts from patients to machine learning (ML) systems that are supposedly neutral. As a result, a sense of distrust is now formed between patients and physicians. While there are merits (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  36. Causes, contrasts, and the non-identity problem.Thomas D. Bontly - 2016 - Philosophical Studies 173 (5):1233-1251.
    Can an act harm someone—a future someone, someone who does not exist yet but will—if that person would never exist but for that very action? This is one question raised by the non-identity problem. Many would argue that the answer is No: an action harms someone only insofar as it is worse for her, and an action cannot be worse for someone if she would not exist without it. The first part of this paper contends that the plausibility of (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  37.  52
    A Cause without an Effect? Primary Prevention and Causation.H. S. Faust - 2013 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 38 (5):239-558.
    Clinical primary prevention eliminates or preempts either a susceptibility or risk (synergistically a cause) in order to avoid a specific harm. Philosophically, primary prevention gets caught in the metaphysical controversy of the “hard questions” of whether it is possible to “cause not” both through a positive action (preventive act causes no harm) or no action (avoiding something causes no harm). I examine my previously proposed four-step definition of the process of prevention, discuss its limitations in light of (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  38.  45
    Who is Responsible for Remedying the Harm Caused to Children of Prisoners?William Bülow - 2023 - Ethics and Social Welfare 17 (3):256-274.
    It has been argued that the social circumstances of many children of prisoners goes against established principles of social justice. In this paper the proper allocation of responsibility for remedying this social injustice is discussed. Through a discussion of four principles for allocating remedial responsibility, it is argued that the responsibility for children of incarcerated parents is shared among several actors, including the incarcerated parent, remaining caregivers, prison officials, social work professionals, and, to some extent, members of the wider community. (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  39.  77
    A good cause.Carolina Sartorio - 2024 - Philosophical Studies 181 (9):2129-2144.
    I explore the question of how to ground the responsibility of agents in some tricky cases involving multiple agents who act in a non-coordinated fashion. These are scenarios where no single agent has the individual ability to make a difference to a harmful outcome, but where the outcome would have been avoided if they had all acted as they should have (thus, the agents collectively made a difference to the outcome’s occurrence). I argue that an important source of the problem (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  40.  62
    (1 other version)Animal Rights and the Duty to Harm: When to be a Harm Causing Deontologist.C. E. Abbate - 2020 - Zeitschrift Für Ethik Und Moralphilosophie 3 (1):5-26.
    An adequate theory of rights ought to forbid the harming of animals to promote trivial interests of humans, as is often done in the animal-user industries. But what should the rights view say about situations in which harming some animals is necessary to prevent intolerable injustices to other animals? I develop an account of respectful treatment on which, under certain conditions, it’s justified to intentionally harm some individuals to prevent serious harm to others. This can be compatible with (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  41. (1 other version)Unethical informed consent caused by overlooking poorly measured nocebo effects.Jeremy Howick - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 16:00-03.
    Unlike its friendly cousin the placebo effect, the nocebo effect (the effect of expecting a negative outcome) has been almost ignored. Epistemic and ethical confusions related to its existence have gone all but unnoticed. Contrary to what is often asserted, adverse events following from taking placebo interventions are not necessarily nocebo effects; they could have arisen due to natural history. Meanwhile, ethical informed consent (in clinical trials and clinical practice) has centred almost exclusively on the need to inform patients about (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  42.  59
    Proportionality and Just Cause.Jeff McMahan - 2014 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 11 (4):428-453.
    In the course of commenting on the third chapter of Frances Kamm’s Ethics for Enemies, this article proposes an analysis of the notion of a just cause for war, according to which there is a just cause only when those whom it is necessary to attack as a means of achieving some aim are potentially morally liable to be attacked. The remainder of the article then discusses issues of proportionality, particularly in relation to several distinct forms of moral justification for (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   12 citations  
  43.  32
    A phenomenographic study of scientists’ beliefs about the causes of scientists’ research misconduct.Aidan C. Cairns, Caleb Linville, Tyler Garcia, Bill Bridges, Scott Tanona, Jonathan Herington & James T. Laverty - 2021 - Research Ethics 17 (4):501-521.
    When scientists act unethically, their actions can cause harm to participants, undermine knowledge creation, and discredit the scientific community. Responsible Conduct of Research training i...
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  44. Collective harm and the inefficacy problem.Julia Nefsky - 2019 - Philosophy Compass 14 (4):e12587.
    This paper discusses the inefficacy problem that arises in contexts of “collective harm.‘ These are contexts in which by acting in a certain sort of way, people collectively cause harm, or fail to prevent it, but no individual act of the relevant sort seems to itself make a difference. The inefficacy problem is that if acting in the relevant way won’t make a difference, it’s unclear why it would be wrong. Each individual can argue, “things will be just (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   57 citations  
  45. In Lieu of a Sovereignty Shield, Multinational Corporations Should Be Responsible for the Harm They Cause.Edmund F. Byrne - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 124 (4):609-621.
    Some progress has been made in recent decades to articulate corporate social responsibility (CSR) and, more recently, to associate CSR with international enforcement of human rights. This progress continues to be hampered, however, by the ability of a multinational corporation (MNC) that violates human rights not only to shift liability from itself to a nation-state but even to win compensation from that nation-state for loss of profits due to restrictions on its business activities. In the process, the nation-state’s sovereignty is (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  46. Dying for a Cause: Meaning, Commitment, and Self-Sacrifice.Antti Kauppinen - 2021 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 90:57-80.
    Some people willingly risk or give up their lives for something they deeply believe in, for instance standing up to a dictator. A good example of this are members of the White Rose student resistance group, who rebelled against the Nazi regime and paid for it with their lives. I argue that when the cause is good, such risky activities (and even deaths themselves) can contribute to meaning in life in its different forms – meaning-as-mattering, meaning-as-purpose, and meaning-as-intelligibility. Such cases (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  47. The Solution to the Problem of Outcome Luck: Why Harm Is Just as Punishable as the Wrongful Action that Causes It.Ken Levy - 2005 - Law and Philosophy 24 (3):263-303.
    A surprisingly large number of scholars believe that (a) we are blameworthy, and therefore punishable, only for what we have control over; (b) we have control only over our actions and intentions, not the consequences of our actions; and therefore (c) if two agents perform the very same action (e.g., attempting to kill) with the very same intentions, then they are equally blameworthy and deserving of equal punishment – even if only one of them succeeds in killing. This paper argues (...)
    Direct download (9 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  48. Needs as Causes.Ashley Shaw - forthcoming - Philosophical Quarterly.
    Facts about need play some role in our causal understanding of the world. We understand, for example, that people have basic needs for food, water and shelter, and that people come to be harmed because those needs go unmet. But what are needs? How do explanations in terms of need fit into our broader causal understanding of the world? This paper provides an account of need attribution, their contribution to causal explanations, and their relation to disposition attribution.
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  49. Environmental Security and Just Causes for War.Juha Räikkä & Andrei Rodin - 2015 - Almanac: Discourses of Ethics 10 (1):47-54.
    This article asks whether a country that suffers from serious environmental problems caused by another country could have a just cause for a defensive war? Danish philosopher Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen has argued that under certain conditions extreme poverty may give a just cause for a country to defensive war, if that poverty is caused by other countries. This raises the question whether the victims of environmental damages could also have a similar right to self-defense. Although the article concerns justice of war, (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  50.  33
    You Can't Betray a Fish: One Reason Eating Fish May Cause Less Harm Than Eating Cows.Ronald G. Oldfield - 2022 - Journal of Animal Ethics 12 (1):51-58.
    In The Ultimate Betrayal: Is There Happy Meat?, Bohanec (2013) proposed that farmed animals raised humanely may experience betrayal when slaughtered. I argue based on personal experience that humans often betray trust relationships with farmed animals. Using published scientific literature, I find that typical farmed animals (mammals) and farmed fishes are both cognitively capable of a rudimentary experience of betrayal. However, the manner in which fishes are typically maintained does not present opportunities for human-fish trust relationships to develop. Eating farmed (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
1 — 50 / 956