In view of the numerous accounting and corporate scandals associated with various forms of moral misconduct and the recent financial crisis, economics and business programs are often accused of actively contributing to the amoral decision making of their graduates. It is argued that theories and ideas taught at universities engender moral misbehavior among some managers, as these theories mainly focus on the primacy of profit-maximization and typically neglect the ethical and moral dimensions of decision making. To investigate this criticism, two (...) overlapping effects must be disentangled: the self-selection effect and the treatment effect. Drawing on the concept of moral judgment competence, we empirically examine this question with a sample of 1773 bachelor’s and 501 master’s students. Our results reveal that there is neither a self-selection nor a treatment effect for economics and business studies. Moreover, our results indicate that—regardless of the course of studies—university education in general does not seem to foster students’ moral development. (shrink)

The Russian Revolution is a historical milestone both politically and theoretically. Its supporters found in it the consummation of all history that preceded it and the springboard towards a new history absolved from all grievances. Its opponents saw in it a violent coup d’ etat leading to the destruction of a state, the beginning of the division of the world in two hostile camps and last but not least one of the paradigmatic examples of an almost unprecedented authoritarianism. This book (...) examines the discursive and practical battleground of the Russian Revolution, describes how it keeps living through the events, struggles, theories, and effects it prompted, and analyzes revolutionary ideas and processes in a more general vein. By taking the Russian Revolution as the prime example of revolutionary processes, the articles of this volume attempt to acknowledge the legacy of the Russian Revolution, come to terms with its failures and sketch the future of revolutionary thinking and practice in its aftermath. (shrink)

We present a theoretical account of implicit and explicit learning in terms of ACT-R, an integrated architecture of human cognition as a computational supplement to Dienes & Perner's conceptual analysis of knowledge. Explicit learning is explained in ACT-R by the acquisition of new symbolic knowledge, whereas implicit learning amounts to statistically adjusting subsymbolic quantities associated with that knowledge. We discuss the common foundation of a set of models that are able to explain data gathered in several signature paradigms of implicit (...) learning. (shrink)

Some principles of logic-oriented theories of argumentation are discussed. A sharp distinction is drawn between arguments in formal contexts and arguments in non formal contexts. It is argued, that the analysis of colloquial arguments cannot be based on the logic-oriented theories of argumentation. The outline of a more realistic theory of argumentation is given, by using defeasable inferences as a starting point. The model is applied to some everyday arguments.

The volume contains the papers given at a conference held in Basle in Autumn 2006 on the writer Philipp von Zesen (1619-1689). The publication – the first collected volume devoted to this author for 35 years – displays the whole breadth of Zesen's work: Apart from his lyric poetry and novels, the papers discuss his linguistic and poetological innovations together with his contributions to nature philosophy, mythology, historiology and politics.

Der Begriff der Jnformation' wird von manchen Autoren als Nachfolgekonzept des Begriffs der,Form' angesehen, mit dessen Hilfe man früher Naturerfahrung, natürliche Theologie und Offenbarungstheologie verbinden konnte. Es scheint aber, daß der Begriff der,Er fahrung' heute kein einheitlicher ist, weil er in den Bereichen von Technik, Physik, Biologie, Kognitionswissenschaft und Philosophie sehr verschieden, zum Teil sogar inkonsistent, gebraucht wird. Hier soll gezeigt werden, daß der Begriff der,Information' weder eine ontologische Grundbestimmung des Seins ausdrückt, noch daß er als technisch-praktischer ontologisch völlig irrelevant (...) ist. Vielmehr verwenden wir diesen Begriff in der Biologie und Kognitionswissenschaft mit Gewinn. Er gehört also in die regionale Ontologie, stellt aber auch so den herrschenden Szientismus und Materialismus in Frage. (shrink)

Between June 1702 and December 1708 the astronomer, Kirch in Berlin and the philosopher, Leibniz in Hannover exchanged eleven letters. The letters from Leibniz to Kirch were published in 1900. The author will prove in this article, that the letters, which are kept in the Leibniz-Archives in Hannover, are Kirch's original answers to Leibniz. For first time, these letters will be published here in extracts.