El martes 26 de abril de 2016 en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Medellín, en el curso “De la analítica a los acto de habla” del Doctorado en Filosofía, tuvimos la oportunidad de compartir y hacer una conversatorio con el filósofo mexicano Dr. Alejandro Tomasini Bassols, investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas y profesor de filosofía en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UNAM. El profesor Tomasini es uno de los investigadores más reconocidos en la obra del Filósofo (...) austriaco Ludwig Wittgenstein, además de haber desarrollado una importante obra alrededor de la tradición analítica y de algunos problemas actuales como la discusión sobre la pena capital. También el profesor Tomasini en su visita a Colombia, inicialmente participó en Medellín con una conferencia titulada “Derecho y objetividad”, en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana y luego en la Feria del Libro de Bogotá –FILBO- realizó la presentación y conferencia del libro Hacer mundos: el nombrar y la significatividad. Previo a su viaje a Bogotá, interactuó con el curso doctoral en filosofía y de este encuentro académico presentamos el siguiente diálogo. (shrink)

Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the proportion of different types of end‐of‐life decisions (ELDs) of physicians in the city of Hasselt (Flanders, Belgium). The question is addressed to what degree these ELD meet legal constraints and the ethical requirements for prudent practice. Methodology: All physicians of the city of Hasselt who signed at least one death certificate in 1996 (N=166) received an anonymous self‐administered mail questionnaire per death case (max. 5/doctor) Results: the response rate was 55% (...) (N=269). In 37.3% of all cases at least one ELD was made (16.5% non‐treatment decisions; 16% potential life‐shortening by intensifying the treatment of pain and symptoms; 4.8% administration, supply or prescription of lethal drugs). In 59.5% of the cases were an ELD was made that decision was legally questionable. Patient characteristics were clearly related to the type of ELD. There was no influence of physician characteristics, except for commitment to life‐stance. In 71.3% of the cases the ELD was in no way discussed with the patient. 8.1% of the ELD‐cases were in response to a direct request from the patient Conclusions: The incidences of ELDs in Hasselt are consistent with earlier findings. The study shows that religious commitment influences the behaviour of physicians at the end of their patients' life. The patient's and her family's entitlements to participation in the decision making process were rather poorly respected. (shrink)

El centro de atención de este ensayo es la construcción teórica de la categoría afectividad, la cual se concibe como un sistema formado por las emociones, los sentimientos y las pasiones, de los cuales también se despliegan reflexiones en torno a su elaboración teórica. Este estudio se despliega desde una perspectiva filosófica y con una mirada totalizadora. Forman parte del contenido algunas elaboraciones teóricas de autores imprescindibles para entender estas temáticas y polemizar en torno a ellas, entre los cuales están (...) Juan Luis Vives, Renato Descartes, David Hume (a quien se le brinda una atención más esmerada) y Adam Smith; no obstante, también forman parte del contenido criterios de algunos estudiosos contemporáneos, como el filósofo italiano Remo Bodei y el filósofo español José Antonio Marina. Al profundizar en las categorías referidas, se establecen relaciones con facultades humanas, como la imaginación, así como con los valores, la cultura y el mejoramiento humano. (shrink)

Is it ethical or not to enhance the characteristics and capacities of human beings, making use of technological incorporations in their biology? This article presents arguments from both position pros and cons, about technological incorporations in human bodies. The denaturalization of technologically enhanced humans is discussed; A discussion is raised about the impact of these technologies on the population inequality; We present a contrast between whether the research is for treatment or enhancement purposes. Some of the repercussions on a society (...) of humans are analyzed, both hyper connected and technologically enhanced. Some of the future challenges that societies with technologically enhanced humans must face are presented. In conclusion, the development of technologies, within a regulatory and normative framework, to enhancing the characteristics and capacities of human beings is ethical. Because technologically enhanced humans are part of the NBIC convergence, and the NBIC convergence will generate new knowledge that will surely be used to develop clean and safe energy sources, preventive medical treatments that will eliminate diseases such as cancer and HIV, and design strategies to the conservation and decontamination of the planet. (shrink)

Se analizan las diversas escalas de tiempo que articulan las energías del cuerpo emocional productivo, en un contexto específico del capitalismo global, el neoliberalismo desarro-llado desde la década del noventa, es decir, en la civilización neoliberal. Desde la producción de subjetividad en proto-impresiones y confi-guraciones rememoracionales y protencionales en sus variadas formas en el consumo mimético, pliegue, falla, afecto a la espera, etc., se analiza el ritmo temporal del consenso emocional producido, experimentado como padecimiento de felicidad en el terror y, (...) con ello, la forma en que se produce la regulación y autorregulación del cuerpo emocional en el capitalismo. Se piensa en este trabajo que ello, en un tiempo lineal económico que exige productividad creciente, conduce al cuerpo emocional a una proyección dependiente de uno cíclico, en el que, ante imposibilidad de elaborar comienzos propios, deviene en un sujeto que técnicamente enfrenta el riesgo, percibido como cálculo económico. Está, por ello, en un eterno retorno, desde la protoimpresión a la protención, desde el afecto a la espera al terror. Es el retorno del mito del eterno retorno, en una civilización distinta. (shrink)

Discurso de posesión como Decano de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras.

The article deals with the theories of the American philosopher John Searle concerning his embracement of a form of emergentism of the mind and his ideas about consciousness, intentionality with ‘C’, and language as a critique of traditional standpoints closer to positivist theses. Bearing this in mind, the general purpose is to reveal how the philosophy of Searle aims to recover the active role of the agent and, in consequence, the semantic and pragmatic dimensions of language are vindicated, dimensions in (...) which consciousness and intentionality are key to the construction and dynamism of social reality. (shrink)

The present work tackles the issue of the effects of digitalisation on employment. This issue has been attracting a growing interest, in particular because of the anxiety generated by the idea that digital technologies could cancel a large number of jobs. Although I agree with argument put forward in opposition to the existence of a causal link between technological innovation and increased productivity at the macroeconomic level, I believe that the novelty and pervasiveness of digital technologies require more in-depth micro-level (...) analysis in order to understand the extent to which new digital technologies are currently employed by leading manufacturing companies and the ways new technologies are affecting employment. The empirical findings show that among the different technologies included under the umbrella of Industry 4.0, mainly robots have received a great deal of attention so far, while the current application and employment impact for other emerging technological opportunities such as 3D printing, Internet of Things, Augmented reality, Big data Analytics have not been studied yet. In relation to the qualitative changes of the labour market, our empirical research confirms that there are new types of skills that will be demanded in the future in manufacturing, in particular in relation to service provision and software development. (shrink)

Este artículo demuestra los resultados de la aplicación de La Filosofía para Niños (FpN) como propuesta didáctica para el fortalecimiento de actitudes críticas y reflexivas sobre el tema de la identidad cultural de manera dialógica en un contexto escolar de Educación General Básica Superior en Cuenca (Ecuador). Para el análisis se utilizó la metodología hermenéutica, a través de la interpretación de las transcripciones de las tres sesiones aplicadas con base a historias creadas con preguntas que generaban discusiones y a través (...) de las cuales se logró fortalecer las actitudes críticas y reflexivas de los estudiantes. (shrink)

British historians drew on anthropological exemplars to remake social history between 1959 and 1977. Eric Hobsbawm's ‘primitive rebels’, Peter Laslett's World We Have Lost, Keith Thomas’s studies of witchcraft, and E. P. Thompson's ‘moral economy’ were all inspired by contemporary social anthropology, and they transformed historians’ understanding of the past. Reconstructing this moment of cross-disciplinary research contributes to our understanding of broader changes in the mid-century human sciences. This was a moment of grand theorizing about ‘modernization’, capitalism, and industrialization. Social (...) historians responded to these concerns by drawing analogies between the past and the ethnographic present. The result was a number of hugely influential studies of social change that posed new questions to those seeking to create abstract models of modernization out of the English past. (shrink)

Self-Efficacy in Action provides a practitioner-friendly overview of the concepts, vocabulary, practices, and contexts related to teacher self-efficacy. This book engages readers in the meaningful discussions of practices and purposes of teacher self-efficacy to advance professionalism.

Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.

En el presente artículo se analiza la forma en que las elites del régimen cívico-militar, en Declaración de Principios del Gobierno de Chile, generaron un dispositivo de poder discursivo para la producción e instrumentalización de miedo y angustia, en función de sus elementos trascendentes. Por medio del análisis historiográfico y crítico del discurso, y de teorías sobre el miedo y la angustia y sociología de las religiones, se vinculan sus componentes textuales con el contexto de poder en que se produjeron, (...) incluyendo las ideologías, percepciones teológicas y míticas existentes, para establecer cómo se activa discursivamente la “concepción cristiana” y el “nacionalismo” para determinar sociopolíticamente los ritmos del miedo y angustia. This article analyses how the civic-military regime’s elite, in the Declaration of Declaration of the Government of Chile, generated a mechanism of discursive power to create and instill fear and anguish. Through an analysis of historical writings and a critical analysis of discourse and theories of fear and anguish and the sociology of religions, we link quotes with the context of power of that historical moment, including the ideologies and existing theological perceptions, to establish how discourse activates “christian ideology” and “nationalism” to bring about, sociopolitically, fear and anguish. (shrink)

This paper focuses in the panorama and diagnosis that Frochaux outlines in his text L’homme Seul about culture and civilization as distancing of man with respect to nature. Such idea is resumed in his theses “The history is biology engrafted on the geographical.” For the author one of the several consequences of this situation is that such distancing was consolidated and arts were stagnated, just as the progress made profane all the reality and all mystery and holiness vanished from it. (...) The canon disappeared. Reality was divided between the sacred and the profane; profane was all that was conquered by man, sacred all unconquered by man. So history could be perceived as the permanent struggle between sacred and profane. The distancing is promoted by society’s eagerness for material development. Linked with it, progress has generated in us some guilt. Progress implies guilt, as a fatality. For man, distancing from the animal world where was created, is the price that should be paid for becoming the man of today, erected as the centre of all creation. But one could ask watching the ways of the current world: ¿Was not such that was lost more valuable that such that was won? ¿Was that rupture and distancing from the natural and animal world worthy of the society we now have? This betrayal of man to both nature and animals creates him a permanent guilt, guilt that do not disappears despite the progress achieved by him. This guilt is the original guilt. Seeking putting himself above the natural and animal world man believes he is superior. But man has only refined the animal skills and has used them for the destruction of nature and the animal world. All that is animal is extremely multiplied when transformed into human. Man is a synthesis of a little bit of all animals. But no animal species makes war among its own members as man do. Frochaux faces history, economics and arts with all these theses, leaving on us a strong feeling of scepticism. (shrink)

The interaction between philosophy and theater or performance has recently become an important and innovative area of inquiry. _Philosophers and Thespians_ contributes to this emerging field by looking at four direct encounters between philosophers and thespians, beginning with Socrates, Agathon, and Aristophanes in Plato's _Symposium_ and ending with a discussion between Walter Benjamin and Bertolt Brecht about a short text by Franz Kafka. Rokem also examines in detail Hamlet's complex and tragic split identity as both philosopher and thespian, as well (...) as the intense correspondence between Friedrich Nietzsche and August Strindberg. His investigations—which move between the fictional and the historical—culminate in a comprehensive discussion of the notions of performance and performativity as derived from the discursive practices of philosophy and performance. At times competitive or mutually exclusive, these discourses also merge and engage with each other in creative ways. (shrink)

Kritische beschouwing over godsdienst en geloof.

Este estudio teórico se despliega en dos ámbitos. Uno de ellos es el de las ideas de una figura cimera delpensamiento complejo, Edgar Morin, de quien se revela algunas de sus consideraciones en torno a la integración, las cuales están mayormente implícitas en sus meditaciones. El otro ámbito es la formación universitaria, a propósito de la cual se reflexiona acerca del pensamiento complejo y de la eliminación de características que atentan contra el carácter integrador de la misma. Los objetivos de (...) este trabajo son: argumentar el carácter integrador del pensamiento de Morin, y criticar las acciones que reducen el carácter integrador propio de la formación universitaria. La metodología empleada es la Documental, consistente en el estudio crítico de textos y el análisis de información escrita. Algunos de los resultados son: la revelación del carácter integrador de las ideas de Morin, la formulación de una definición de la categoría académica formación, y la crítica a la reducción del carácter integrador consustancial a la formación universitaria. Entre las conclusiones están: el carácter integrador del pensamiento de Morin tiene una base objetiva; el rasgo distintivo de la formación académica es que se realiza desde la conciencia del implicado y la atención a la afectividad en la formación universitaria fortalece su carácter integrador. (shrink)

El autor nos introduce en la experiencia del silencio, que postula fue en el comienzo de los tiempos el estado natural de los seres, y afirma que en el contexto de la vida occidental actual el hombre y la mujer han perdido contacto con su ser interior. Que el ruido de la sociedad moderna y artificial nos ha arrebatado el silencio indispensable para el desarrollo integral de los seres humanos.

The evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling pathway regulates a broad spectrum of cell fate decisions and differentiation processes during fetal and postnatal life. It is involved in embryonic organogenesis as well as in the maintenance of homeostasis of self‐renewing systems. In this article, we review the role of Notch signaling in the hematopoietic system with particular emphasis on lymphocyte development and highlight the similarities in Notch function between Drosophila and mammalian differentiation processes. Recent studies indicating that aberrant NOTCH signaling is frequently (...) linked to the induction of T leukemia in humans will also be discussed. BioEssays 27:1117–1128, 2005. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

Le “due nuove scienze” a cui si riferisce il titolo di questo pioneristica opera di Galileo sono oggi note come Meccanica dei materiali e Meccanica del corpo rigido (o Meccanica Classica). In accordo con il suo indomito desiderio di ricerca e perfezione, Galileo progettava di estendere quest’opera con ulteriori questioni e argomenti. In questo articolo si analizzano I contenuti scientifici e filosofici della “prima giornata” di questa, ingiustamente, non molto nota opera, con dovizia di commenti relativi allo stimolante dialogo tra (...) i vari personaggi. (shrink)

This ar ti cle ad dresses the dis cus sion of the relationship between political philosophy and po - litical science. Concepts are articulated throiugh poltical thought that of fer vi sion and a re la tion ship of pol i tics from a sci en tific per spec tive. When ap - proaching political scien..

Dar cuenta de la realidad es una tarea que justifica la existencia misma de la filosofía. Ella surge de sus orígenes en el ocaso del mito y se corrobora en el transcurso de su historia. Sin embargo, en ésta se revela, también, el olvido de aquella función esencial y de la reducción de la filosofía a una labor de exégesis de textos que no se articulan con el acontecer histórico. Con ese marco teórico se juzga la actividad filosófica en Colombia (...) y se hacen sugerencias para corregir algunos errores que se cometen en su enseñanza. (shrink)