Results for 'Haim Finkelstein'

486 found
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  1. Uses and Misuses of Memory: Notes on Peter Novick and Norman Finkelstein.Norman Finkelstein - 2003 - Historical Materialism 11 (2):215-225.
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  2.  33
    Expression and the Inner.David H. Finkelstein - 2003 - Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
    At least since Descartes, philosophers have been interested in the special knowledge or authority that we exhibit when we speak about our own thoughts, attitudes, and feelings. This book contends that even the best work in contemporary philosophy of mind fails to account for this sort of knowledge or authority because it does not pay the right sort of attention to the notion of expression. What's at stake is not only how to understand self-knowledge and first-person authority, but also what (...)
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  3. Expression and the Inner.David H. Finkelstein - 2006 - Philosophical Quarterly 56 (224):466-468.
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  4. Probabilities over rich languages, testing and randomness.Haim Gaifman & Marc Snir - 1982 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 47 (3):495-548.
  5.  42
    Emil du Bois-Reymond: Neuroscience, Self, and Society in Nineteenth-Century Germany.Gabriel Finkelstein - 2013 - The MIT Press.
    This biography of Emil du Bois-Reymond, the most important forgotten intellectual of the nineteenth century, received an Honorable Mention for History of Science, Medicine, and Technology at the 2013 PROSE Awards, was shortlisted for the 2014 John Pickstone Prize (Britain's most prestigious award for the best scholarly book in the history of science), and was named by the American Association for the Advancement of Science as one of the Best Books of 2014. -/- In his own time (1818–1896) du Bois-Reymond (...)
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  6. Empirical evidence for moral Bayesianism.Haim Cohen, Ittay Nissan-Rozen & Anat Maril - 2024 - Philosophical Psychology 37 (4):801-830.
    Many philosophers in the field of meta-ethics believe that rational degrees of confidence in moral judgments should have a probabilistic structure, in the same way as do rational degrees of belief. The current paper examines this position, termed “moral Bayesianism,” from an empirical point of view. To this end, we assessed the extent to which degrees of moral judgments obey the third axiom of the probability calculus, ifP(A∩B)=0thenP(A∪B)=P(A)+P(B), known as finite additivity, as compared to degrees of beliefs on the one (...)
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  7. Pointers to Truth.Haim Gaifman - 1992 - Journal of Philosophy 89 (5):223.
    If we try to evaluate the sentence on line 1 we ¯nd ourselves going in an unending cycle. For this reason alone we may conclude that the sentence is not true. Moreover we are driven to this conclusion by an elementary argument: If the sentence is true then what it asserts is true, but what it asserts is that the sentence on line 1 is not true. Consequently the sentence on line 1 is not true. But when we write this (...)
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  8.  91
    What can the social sciences contribute to the study of ethics? Theoretical, empirical and substantive considerations.Erica Haimes - 2002 - Bioethics 16 (2):89–113.
    This article seeks to establish that the social sciences have an important contribution to make to the study of ethics. The discussion is framed around three questions: (i) what theoretical work can the social sciences contribute to the understanding of ethics? (ii) what empirical work can the social sciences contribute to the understanding of ethics? And (iii) how does this theoretical and empirical work combine, to enhance the understanding of how ethics, as a field of analysis and debate, is socially (...)
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  9. Vagueness, tolerance and contextual logic.Haim Gaifman - 2010 - Synthese 174 (1):5 - 46.
    The goal of this paper is a comprehensive analysis of basic reasoning patterns that are characteristic of vague predicates. The analysis leads to rigorous reconstructions of the phenomena within formal systems. Two basic features are dealt with. One is tolerance: the insensitivity of predicates to small changes in the objects of predication (a one-increment of a walking distance is a walking distance). The other is the existence of borderline cases. The paper shows why these should be treated as different, though (...)
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  10. A Simpler and More Realistic Subjective Decision Theory.Haim Gaifman & Yang Liu - 2018 - Synthese 195 (10):4205--4241.
    In his classic book “the Foundations of Statistics” Savage developed a formal system of rational decision making. The system is based on (i) a set of possible states of the world, (ii) a set of consequences, (iii) a set of acts, which are functions from states to consequences, and (iv) a preference relation over the acts, which represents the preferences of an idealized rational agent. The goal and the culmination of the enterprise is a representation theorem: Any preference relation that (...)
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  11. Wittgenstein on rules and platonism.David H. Finkelstein - 2000 - In Alice Crary & Rupert J. Read, The New Wittgenstein. New York: Routledge. pp. 83-100.
  12.  60
    (1 other version)Models and types of Peano's arithmetic.Haim Gaifman - 1976 - Annals of Mathematical Logic 9 (3):223-306.
  13. Space-time code.David Finkelstein - 1969 - Physical Review 184:1261--1271.
     
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  14. On the distinction between conscious and unconscious states of mind.David H. Finkelstein - 1999 - American Philosophical Quarterly 36 (2):79-100.
  15.  73
    Nietzsche's zarathustra as educator.Haim Gordon - 1980 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 14 (2):181–192.
    Haim Gordon; Nietzsche's Zarathustra as Educator, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 14, Issue 2, 30 May 2006, Pages 181–192, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.
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  16. Autorité rhétorique: Claude Bernard et Émile du Bois-Reymond.Gabriel Finkelstein - 2012 - In Jean-Gäel Barbara & Pierre Corvol, Les élèves de Claude Bernard: Les nouvelles disciplines bernardiennes au tournant du XXe siècle. pp. 173-192.
    Professeur Finkelstein avait posée la question, pourquoi, bien que leurs réalisations scientifiques et leur scientifique approche soient similaires, Bernard était beaucoup plus connu dans son pays, France, et à son époque, que Bois-Reymond en Allemagne? Une question similaire a été posée au sujet du pourquoi Darwin est connu pour la théorie de l'évolution, tandis que Wallace a été remis en arrière-fond dans leur temps et dans l'histoire. Selon Finkelstein, la cause de la differences entre Bois-Reymond et Bernard, peut (...)
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  17. Pointers to propositions.Haim Gaifman - manuscript
    The semantic paradoxes, whose paradigm is the Liar, played a crucial role at a crucial juncture in the development of modern logic. In his 1908 seminal paper, Russell outlined a system, soon to become that of the Principia Mathematicae, whose main goal was the solution of the logical paradoxes, both semantic and settheoretic. Russell did not distinguish between the two and his theory of types was designed to solve both kinds in the same uniform way. Set theoreticians, however, were content (...)
     
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  18.  63
    Subjective Probability, Natural Predicates and Hempel's Ravens.Haim Gaifman - 1979 - Erkenntnis 14 (2):105 - 147.
  19. Attitudes toward risk are complicated: experimental evidence for the re-individuation approach to risk-attitudes.Haim Cohen, Anat Maril, Sun Bleicher & Ittay Nissan-Rozen - 2022 - Philosophical Studies 179 (8):2553-2577.
    We present experimental evidence that supports the thesis :602–625, 2015, Br J Philos Sci 70:77–102, 2019; Bradley in Decisions theory with a human face, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2017; Goldschmidt and Nissan-Rozen in Synthese 198:7553–7575, 2021) that people might positively or negatively desire risky prospects conditional on only some of the prospects’ outcomes obtaining. We argue that this evidence has important normative implications for the central debate in normative decision theory between two general approaches on how to rationalize several common (...)
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  20. Reasoning with limited resources and assigning probabilities to arithmetical statements.Haim Gaifman - 2004 - Synthese 140 (1-2):97 - 119.
    There are three sections in this paper. The first is a philosophical discussion of the general problem of reasoning under limited deductive capacity. The second sketches a rigorous way of assigning probabilities to statements in pure arithmetic; motivated by the preceding discussion, it can nonetheless be read separately. The third is a philosophical discussion that highlights the shifting contextual character of subjective probabilities and beliefs.
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  21. A Puzzle About Hobbes on Self‐Defense.Claire Finkelstein - 2001 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 82 (3-4):332-361.
  22.  60
    When time slows down: The influence of threat on time perception in anxiety.Yair Bar-Haim, Aya Kerem, Dominique Lamy & Dan Zakay - 2010 - Cognition and Emotion 24 (2):255-263.
  23.  73
    The Kunen-Miller chart (lebesgue measure, the baire property, Laver reals and preservation theorems for forcing).Haim Judah & Saharon Shelah - 1990 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 55 (3):909-927.
    In this work we give a complete answer as to the possible implications between some natural properties of Lebesgue measure and the Baire property. For this we prove general preservation theorems for forcing notions. Thus we answer a decade-old problem of J. Baumgartner and answer the last three open questions of the Kunen-Miller chart about measure and category. Explicitly, in \S1: (i) We prove that if we add a Laver real, then the old reals have outer measure one. (ii) We (...)
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  24. Non-standard models in a broader perspective.Haim Gaifman - manuscript
    Non-standard models were introduced by Skolem, first for set theory, then for Peano arithmetic. In the former, Skolem found support for an anti-realist view of absolutely uncountable sets. But in the latter he saw evidence for the impossibility of capturing the intended interpretation by purely deductive methods. In the history of mathematics the concept of a nonstandard model is new. An analysis of some major innovations–the discovery of irrationals, the use of negative and complex numbers, the modern concept of function, (...)
     
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  25. On ontology and realism in mathematics.Haim Gaifman - 2012 - Review of Symbolic Logic 5 (3):480-512.
    The paper is concerned with the way in which “ontology” and “realism” are to be interpreted and applied so as to give us a deeper philosophical understanding of mathematical theories and practice. Rather than argue for or against some particular realistic position, I shall be concerned with possible coherent positions, their strengths and weaknesses. I shall also discuss related but different aspects of these problems. The terms in the title are the common thread that connects the various sections.
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  26. Operational pointer semantics: Solution to self-referential puzzles I.Haim Gaifman - 1988 - In M. Y. Vardi, Proceedings of the Second Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge. Morgan Kaufman. pp. 43–60.
     
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  27.  73
    Sacks forcing, Laver forcing, and Martin's axiom.Haim Judah, Arnold W. Miller & Saharon Shelah - 1992 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 31 (3):145-161.
    In this paper we study the question assuming MA+⌝CH does Sacks forcing or Laver forcing collapse cardinals? We show that this question is equivalent to the question of what is the additivity of Marczewski's ideals 0. We give a proof that it is consistent that Sacks forcing collapses cardinals. On the other hand we show that Laver forcing does not collapse cardinals.
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  28.  92
    Death and retribution.Claire Finkelstein - 2002 - Criminal Justice Ethics 21 (2):12-21.
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  29. Space-time counterfactuals.J. Finkelstein - 1999 - Synthese 119 (3):287-298.
    A definition is proposed to give precise meaning to the counterfactual statements that often appear in discussions of the implications of quantum mechanics. Of particular interest are counterfactual statements which involve events occurring at space-like separated points, which do not have an absolute time ordering. Some consequences of this definition are discussed.
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  30. Multidisjunctivism’s no solution to the screening-off problem.Haiming Hua - 2022 - Analysis 82 (2):231-238.
    Naïve realism is the view that veridical experiences are fundamentally relations of acquaintance to external objects and their features, and multidisjunctivism is the conjunction of naïve realism and the view that hallucinatory experiences don’t share a common fundamental kind. Multidisjunctivism allegedly removes the screening-off worry over naïve realism, and the relevant literature suggests that multidisjunctivism is one of the naïve realist responses to the worry. The present paper argues that the multidisjunctive solution is implicitly changing the subject, so the impression (...)
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  31.  52
    5 Holism and Animal Minds.David H. Finkelstein - 2007 - In Alice Crary, Wittgenstein and the Moral Life: Essays in Honor of Cora Diamond. MIT Press. pp. 251.
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  32.  80
    Pragmatic Rationality and Risk.Claire Finkelstein - 2013 - Ethics 123 (4):673-699.
  33. Paradoxes of infinity and self-applications, I.Haim Gaifman - 1983 - Erkenntnis 20 (2):131 - 155.
  34. What Godel's Incompleteness Result Does and Does Not Show.Haim Gaifman - 2000 - Journal of Philosophy 97 (8):462.
    In a recent paper S. McCall adds another link to a chain of attempts to enlist Gödel’s incompleteness result as an argument for the thesis that human reasoning cannot be construed as being carried out by a computer.1 McCall’s paper is undermined by a technical oversight. My concern however is not with the technical point. The argument from Gödel’s result to the no-computer thesis can be made without following McCall’s route; it is then straighter and more forceful. Yet the argument (...)
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  35.  29
    When a Physician Harms a Patient by a Medical Error: Ethical, Legal, and Risk-Management Considerations.Daniel Finkelstein, Albert W. Wu, Neil A. Holtzman & Melanie K. Smith - 1997 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (4):330-335.
  36.  47
    Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World.Claire Oakes Finkelstein, Jens David Ohlin & Andrew Altman (eds.) - 2012 - Oxford University Press.
    The controversy surrounding targeted killings represents a crisis of conscience for policymakers, lawyers, philosophers and leading military experts grappling with the moral and legal limits of the war on terror. The book examines the legal and philosophical issues raised by government efforts to target suspected terrorists without giving them the safeguards of a fair trial.
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  37. Naming and Diagonalization, from Cantor to Gödel to Kleene.Haim Gaifman - 2006 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 14 (5):709-728.
    We trace self-reference phenomena to the possibility of naming functions by names that belong to the domain over which the functions are defined. A naming system is a structure of the form ,{ }), where D is a non-empty set; for every a∈ D, which is a name of a k-ary function, {a}: Dk → D is the function named by a, and type is the type of a, which tells us if a is a name and, if it is, (...)
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  38.  48
    Killing in war and the moral equality thesis.Claire Finkelstein - 2016 - Social Philosophy and Policy 32 (2):184-203.
    :In his famous book Just and Unjust Wars, Michael Walzer articulates a thesis he calls the “Moral Equality of Soldiers,” namely, the principle that combatants have an equal right to kill other combatants in war, regardless of the justice of the cause for which they are fighting. The Moral Equality Thesis, as I shall call it, is an essential component of traditional Just War Theory, in that it provides the basis for distinguishing the jus in bello from the jus ad (...)
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  39.  15
    Legal theory and the rational actor.Claire Finkelstein - 2004 - In Alfred R. Mele & Piers Rawling, The Oxford handbook of rationality. New York: Oxford University Press.
    On a view that emerges from the “law and economics movement,” the purpose of law is to ensure that when individual citizens seek to maximize their individual utility, they will incidentally maximize society’s utility; the law ideally provides individual agents with incentives for efficient behavior. Finkelstein argues that laws that maximize social utility are not necessarily the best legal rules for individuals that seek to maximize their personal utility. In particular, she suggests that ideally rational individuals would be unlikely (...)
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  40.  8
    Social responsibility in an age of revolution.Louis Finkelstein - 1971 - New York,: Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
    Law and morals in the Hebrew Scriptures, Plato, and Aristotle, by M. R. Konvitz.--The ethics of the Pharisees, by L. Finkelstein.--Doubts about justice, by W. Kaufmann.--Law and disorder: Some reflections on the political philosophy of Edmond Cahn, by D. D. Williams.--Ethics and business, by P. Sporn.--Mission and opportunity: religion in a pluralistic culture, by R. Niebuhr.--Reflections on over-population, by C. Merrill.--Ethical issues in psychotherapy, by N. W. Ackerman.--Drama: a mirror of conflict, by E. M. Jackson.--Toward a new cultural federalism, (...)
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  41. Deceptive updating and minimal information methods.Haim Gaifman & Anubav Vasudevan - 2012 - Synthese 187 (1):147-178.
    The technique of minimizing information (infomin) has been commonly employed as a general method for both choosing and updating a subjective probability function. We argue that, in a wide class of cases, the use of infomin methods fails to cohere with our standard conception of rational degrees of belief. We introduce the notion of a deceptive updating method and argue that non-deceptiveness is a necessary condition for rational coherence. Infomin has been criticized on the grounds that there are no higher (...)
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  42.  16
    A Borel Maximal Cofinitary Group.Haim Horowitz & Saharon Shelah - forthcoming - Journal of Symbolic Logic:1-14.
    We construct a Borel maximal cofinitary group.
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  43.  18
    A Borel maximal eventually different family.Haim Horowitz & Saharon Shelah - forthcoming - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic.
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  44.  91
    On inductive support and some recent tricks.Haim Gaifman - 1985 - Erkenntnis 22 (1-3):5 - 21.
  45.  18
    All is flux.D. Finkelstein - 1987 - In Basil J. Hiley & D. Peat, Quantum Implications: Essays in Honour of David Bohm. Methuen. pp. 289--94.
  46.  52
    M. du Bois-Reymond Goes To Paris.Gabriel Finkelstein - 2003 - British Journal for the History of Science 36 (3):261-300.
    This article examines the science of electrophysiology developed by Emil du Bois-Reymond in Berlin in the 1840s. In it I recount his major findings, the most significant being his proof of the electrical nature of nerve signals. Du Bois-Reymond also went on to detect this same ‘negative variation’, or action current, in live human subjects. In 1850 he travelled to Paris to defend this startling claim. The essay concludes with a discussion of why his demonstration failed to convince his hosts (...)
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  47.  37
    Two men and a Plank.Claire Oakes Finkelstein - 2001 - Legal Theory 7 (3):279-306.
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  48.  35
    Proving nothing and illustrating much: The case of Michael Balint.Shaul Bar-Haim - 2020 - History of the Human Sciences 33 (3-4):47-65.
    John Forrester’s book Thinking in Cases does not provide one ultimate definition of what it means to ‘think in cases’, but rather several alternatives: a ‘style of reasoning’ (Hacking), ‘paradigms’ or ‘exemplars’ (Kuhn), and ‘language games’ (Wittgenstein), to mention only a few. But for Forrester, the stories behind each of the figures who suggested these different models for thinking (in cases) are as important as the models themselves. In other words, the question for Forrester is not only what ‘thinking in (...)
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  49. Emil du Bois-Reymond on "The Seat of the Soul".Gabriel Finkelstein - 2014 - Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 23 (1):45-55.
    The German pioneer of electrophysiology, Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896), is generally assumed to have remained silent on the subject of the brain. However, the archive of his papers in Berlin contains manuscript notes to a lecture on “The Seat of the Soul” that he delivered to popular audiences in 1884 and 1885. These notes demonstrate that cerebral localization and brain function in general had been concerns of his for quite some time, and that he did not shy away from these (...)
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  50.  84
    Social and Ethical Issues in the Use of Familial Searching in Forensic Investigations: Insights from Family and Kinship Studies.Erica Haimes - 2006 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34 (2):263-276.
    Since its origins in the mid-1980s, DNA profiling has become the most powerful tool for identification in contemporary society. Practitioners have deployed it to determine parentage, verify claims to identity in various civil contexts, identify bodies in wars and mass disasters, and infer the identity of individuals who have left biological traces at crime scenes. Thus DNA profiling can be used to implicate or exonerate individuals from participation in particular social relations and activities; this affords it a growing importance in (...)
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