The article presents 111 newly-identified texts in manuscripts of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, which had hitherto all been attributed to Augustine of Hippo. Only thirty of them, however, proved to be authentic, fifty originate from works of other patristic and medieval authors, while thirty-one remain anonymous. Especially remarkable is the identification of two fragments from the new letters of St Augustine discovered by Johannes Divjak in Paris and Marseille, which predate the two manuscripts of his edition. These results complement the (...) catalogues on the manuscript transmission of Augustine’s works compiled by the Vienna Academy and continue the Author’s earlier publications on manuscripts in Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Spain, and Sweden. (shrink)

This article’s point of departure is from the presupposition that an effort to instill norms, values and a sense of purpose is always a significant element in the educational process. Indeed, questions concerning values and meaning are always a necessary aspect of the process of raising children. In their day-to-day engagement with children and young people, contemporary adults are continually striving to obtain some perspective on the future of the present generation and of generations to come. The questions that arise (...) about this future are ‘meaning’ questions, questions concerning the significance and purpose of their engagement.It is often true, of course, that such sensitivity for personal values and meaning leads something of a hidden life because of the fact that parents today tend to act under pressure from the society around them. Nevertheless, the so-called moral indifference, which is considered such a defining characteristic of contemporary social life, does not mean that we are free to conclude that parents and educators have no clue as to what is important for the welfare of their children. On the contrary, contemporary parents are far from indifferent.The kind of adults their children will become, or rather, the kind of adults they hope their children will not become, is a matter of serious concern to them.1 Parents want ‘the best’ for their children. They want them to share in the ‘good life’ and they are inclined to ask themselves incisive and self-critical questions when things do not turn out as they ‘ought’ in the raising of their children. In a time of moral uncertainty, such as ours, the desire for the good fortune and well-being of future generations is both strong and fragile at the same time. When things go wrong, the disappointment is often hard to bear. (shrink)

An analysis is presented of published methods that have been used by experimenters to justify the reliability of the theory of invasion of microorganisms into cultured cells. The results show that, to demonstrate this invasion, many experimenters used two or more methods that were based on independent technical and theoretical principles, and by doing so improved the reliability of the theory. Subsequently I compare this strategy of 'multiple derivability' with other strategies, discussed in the literature in relation to the mesosome, (...) a bacterial organelle that had been detected with the electron microsope, but which appeared later to be an artifact. I propose that different strategies have been applied in this problem, and multiple derivability may have been the decisive one. Finally I discuss the idea that multiple derivability may help to anchor theories in a larger network of theories. (shrink)

Mit dem Handbuch Departure for Modern Europe, das die Beiträge des 2007 ausgetragenen Ersten Internationalen Kongresses der European Society for Early Modern Philosophy enthält, liegt erstmalig eine von Experten internationalen Ranges ...

Dans les trois derniéres esquisses de ses Elementa juris naturalis Leibniz veut démontrer que la justice en qualité d'amour des autres prudent représente la forme la plus élevée de l'amourdesoi-même, dont personne ne peut ni veut percer le cercle. Car dans la joie du bonheur des autres le bien-être personnel est relié à celui des autres. Pour cela Leibniz esquisse la logique modale et déontologique des égards justes: est permis ce qui est possible à un amant de faire ou de (...) laisser, injuste ce qui est impossible‚ dû ce qui est nécessaire. Comme celui-là passe pour juste qui aime tous selon ces forces, il y a nécessairement un conflit en ce qui concerne la préférence de certains nommes. Leibniz l'expose de sa propre façon: comme des mathématiques appliquees de l'amour auxquelles il n'y a pas d'alternative. (shrink)

The following reconstruction and critical evaluation of Georg Simmel's »Philosophy of Fashion« intends to show that until today this theory offers one of the clearest and most fruitful explanations of the modern periodical change of fashion. The close meshed knitted web of psychological, social, historical und economic factors of explanation used by Simmel allows – regardless of some lacking elements – a very instructive answer to the question, as to why fashion forms such a popular cosmos, and can easily be (...) related to contemporary debates on fashion. (shrink)

Este artículo continúa el debate sobre la forma de fechar las predicciones agustinianas; en concreto, los sermones 5-8 y las prédicas de Navidad 184-196 y 369-370. Un "excursus" resume el estado de dicha cuestión y evalúa en perspectiva metodológica el valor y propósito del esfuerzo por darle una respuesta adecuada.

Somatic cell count is a diagnostic test of milk for mastitis in cows. Its specificity and sensitivity are less than 1.0, making test results uncertain. I discuss epistemological problems of the test such as underdetermination, undercalibration and underdiscrimination, in the solution of which biomedical and economic factors may play a role. Diagnostics of the SCC should be considered as an epistemological network, functioning in a network in which farmers, veterinarians, epidemiologists and milk industry shift their position following biomedical, technological and (...) economic changes, which is described as an actor-network to understand how human and non-human agents in mastitis may be associated. (shrink)

This paper analyzes the investigation of the distribution of the protein tenascin-C in canine mammary tumors. The method involved immunohistochemistry of tissue slices, performed by the application of an antibody to tenascin-C that specifically can be made visible for microscopic inspection. The first phase of the project is the making of the protocol, the second the deduction of a pattern of tenascin-C distribution in tumors and the third the writing of a paper. Each of the phases is analyzed separately, using (...) the concept of resistance and accommodation. My purpose is to show that in each phase of the process of producing knowledge, the scientist meets resistances which force him to accommodate by changing his conceptual, technical and methodological approaches. In reverse, the details of the non-human agent have to be accommodated to the wishes and expectations of the scientist. Through this interaction a situation of stability of knowledge is reached at the end of each phase.In the protocol phase, resistance is found in the antibody and tissue slices. In the phase of pattern deduction the resistance is in the pathological diagnosis of the tumors and the expectations and hypothesis with which the scientist had entered the project; in the criteria to be used for assigning the slices to a tenascin-C pattern; and in the responses of colleagues and supervisor. In the paper-writing phase the interaction is between the scientist and the scientific community which should take on board the knowledge from the research project.When stabilization of knowledge is obtained in one of the phases, the agents of resistance turn into allies in the next phase, giving support to accommodating the resistances in this later phase. Second, the stabilization of knowledge of the protocol is further enhanced when stabilization of the pattern is achieved; in addition, knowledge of the pattern is more definite when it has become stabilized and closed knowledge within the science community. (shrink)

Es gibt offensichtlich nicht nur Moden der Kleidung, der Frisur oder des Wohnens, sondern auch Moden in den Wissenschaften, in Kunst, Philosophie und vielleicht sogar in der Religion. Das heisst aber gerade in Bereichen, die doch eigentlich 'feste Prinzipien' gegen den Wechsel des Zeitgeistes und der Moden verteidigen. Aber was bedeutet dann in diesen Zusammenhängen "Mode"? Und wie lassen sich solche geistigen Moden erklären? Gehören "Mode" und "Moderne" zusammen? Der vorliegende Band versucht eine systematische Antwort auf diese Fragen, indem er (...) zunächst das Phänomen des Modischen auf seinen offenkundigen Feldern untersucht: den Kleidungsmoden, Wohnmoden, Körpermoden und den Moden in Freizeitgestaltung und Tourismus sowie im Sport. Von hier aus wird nach den spezifisch intellektuellen Moden in den Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften, in der Kunst, in der Philosophie und in der Religion gefragt. Mit Beiträgen von: Georg Bertram, Hubertus Busche, Yvonne Förster, Robert Gugutzer, Rainer Hartmann, Frank Hillebrandt, Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Irene Nierhaus, Daria Pezzoli-Olgiati, Verena Potthoff, Tim Rojek. (shrink)

The article presents the first critical edition of Augustine’s Sermo Haffner 1, which is identical to Sermo Étaix 3, based on all nine known manuscripts andthe three printed editions. A thorough introduction to the transmission of the text, its variants and structure is added, also an ample apparatus fontium et testimoniorum, especially regarding the parallels from other works of St. Augustine, a German translation of the text, and a commentary on the majorpoints of interest.