Results for 'Mark Chang'

979 found
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  1.  6
    Paradoxes in scientific inference.Mark Chang - 2013 - Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
    Paradoxes are poems of science and philosophy that collectively allow us to address broad multidisciplinary issues within a microcosm. A true paradox is a source of creativity and a concise expression that delivers a profound idea and provokes a wild and endless imagination. The study of paradoxes leads to ultimate clarity and, at the same time, indisputably challenges your mind. Paradoxes in Scientific Inference analyzes paradoxes from many different perspectives: statistics, mathematics, philosophy, science, artificial intelligence, and more. The book elaborates (...)
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  2.  9
    Principles of scientific methods.Mark Chang - 2014 - Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
    This book focuses on the fundamental principles behind scientific methods. The author uses concrete examples and illustrations to introduce and explain principles. He also uses analogies to connect different methods or problems to arrive at a general principle or common notion. The book explains how the principles of scientific methods are not only applicable to scientific research but also in our daily lives. It shows how the scientific method is used to understand how and why things happen, to make predictions, (...)
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  3.  43
    On the bases of two subtypes of development dyslexia.Franklin R. Manis, Mark S. Seidenberg, Lisa M. Doi, Catherine McBride-Chang & Alan Petersen - 1996 - Cognition 58 (2):157-195.
  4.  87
    Change and continuity in the concept of civil rights: Thurgood Marshall and affirmative action*: Mark Tushnet.Mark Tushnet - 1991 - Social Philosophy and Policy 8 (2):150-171.
    In analyzing the development of the concept of civil rights since the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment, two historical accounts seem available. According to the first account, the concept initially encompassed a relatively limited set of rights, associated with the ability of all citizens to engage in the productive activities of the economy and avail themselves of the protection of the legal system. Then the concept gradually expanded to include what had initially been thought of as political rights, such as (...)
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  5. Aristotle's Ontology of Change.Mark Sentesy - 2020 - Chicago, IL, USA: Northwestern University Press.
    This book investigates what change is, according to Aristotle, and how it affects his conception of being. Mark Sentesy argues that change leads Aristotle to develop first-order metaphysical concepts such as matter, potency, actuality, sources of being, and the teleology of emerging things. He shows that Aristotle’s distinctive ontological claim—that being is inescapably diverse in kind—is anchored in his argument for the existence of change. -/- Aristotle may be the only thinker to have given a noncircular definition of change. (...)
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  6. The Puzzle of Change.Mark Hinchliff - 1996 - Philosophical Perspectives 10:119-136.
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  7.  39
    Automating the process of critical appraisal and assessing the strength of evidence with information extraction technology.Jou-Wei Lin, Chia-Hsuin Chang, Ming-Wei Lin, Mark H. Ebell & Jung-Hsien Chiang - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (4):832-838.
  8. Incorporation: a theory of grammatical function changing.Mark C. Baker - 1988 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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  9.  23
    Changing Institutional Rules.Mark Sharfman - 1994 - Business and Society 33 (3):236-269.
    Corporate philanthropy is considered to be an integral part of corporate social performance; however, this was not always the case. At one time, the use of corporate funds for philanthropy was illegal. This article uses institutional theory to examine the evolution of corporate philanthropy from its illegal status to the time when it became both legal and expected behavior on the part of business firms. Because institutional rules rarely change as dramatically as did those governing corporate philanthropy, an examination of (...)
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  10. Things change.Mark Heller - 1992 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 52 (3):695-704.
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  11.  46
    Woodcutters and Witchcraft: Rationality and Interpretive Change in the Social Sciences.Mark W. Risjord - 2000 - State University of New York Press.
    Uncovers the methodological principles that govern interpretive change.
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  12. Changing Rulers in the Soul: Psychological Transitions in Republic 8-9.Mark A. Johnstone - 2011 - Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 41:139-67.
    In this paper, I consider how each of the four main kinds of corrupt person described in Plato's Republic, Books 8-9, first comes to be. Certain passages in these books can give the impression that each person is able to determine, by a kind of rational choice, the overall government of his/her soul. However, I argue, this impression is mistaken. Upon careful examination, the text of books 8 and 9 overwhelmingly supports an alternative interpretation. According to this view, the eventual (...)
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  13. Changing the mission of theories of teleology : Do's and don't's for thinking about function.Mark Perlman - 2009 - In Ulrich Krohs & Peter Kroes, Functions in Biological and Artificial Worlds: Comparative Philosophical Perspectives. MIT Press.
     
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  14.  62
    Impact of population growth and population ethics on climate change mitigation policy.Mark Budolfson, Noah Scovronick, Francis Dennig, Marc Fleurbaey, Asher Siebert, Robert H. Socolow, Dean Spears & Fabian Wagner - 2017 - Pnas 114 (46).
    Future population growth is uncertain and matters for climate policy: higher growth entails more emissions and means more people will be vulnerable to climate-related impacts. We show that how future population is valued importantly determines mitigation decisions. Using the Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy model, we explore two approaches to valuing population: a discounted version of total utilitarianism (TU), which considers total wellbeing and is standard in social cost of carbon dioxide (SCC) models, and of average utilitarianism (AU), which ignores population size (...)
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  15.  12
    Sex Changes: Transformations in Society and Psychoanalysis.Mark J. Blechner - 2009 - Routledge.
    The last half-century has seen enormous changes in society’s attitude toward sexuality. In the 1950s, homosexuals in the United States were routinely arrested; today, homosexual activity between consenting adults is legal in every state, with same-sex marriage legal in Massachusetts and Connecticut. In the 1950s, ambitious women were often seen as psychopathological and were told by psychoanalysts that they had penis envy that needed treatment; today, a woman has campaigned for President of the United States. Mark Blechner has lived (...)
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  16.  48
    Political Realism, Feasibility Wedges, and Opportunities for Collective Action on Climate Change.Mark Budolfson - 2021 - In Budolfson Mark, McPherson Tristram & Plunkett David, Philosophy and Climate Change. Oxford University Press. pp. 323-345.
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  17. Are we able to preserve a motor command in the changing environment?Mark L. Latash - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (4):771-773.
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  18. Does Climate Change Policy Depend Importantly on Population Ethics? Deflationary Responses to the Challenges of Population Ethics for Public Policy.Mark Budolfson, Gustaf Arrhenius & Dean Spears - 2021 - In Budolfson Mark, McPherson Tristram & Plunkett David, Philosophy and Climate Change. Oxford University Press. pp. 111-136.
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  19. (1 other version)What is complexity theory and what are its implications for educational change?Mark Mason - 2008 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 40 (1):35–49.
    This paper considers questions of continuity and change in education from the perspective of complexity theory, introducing the field to educationists who might not be familiar with it. Given a significant degree of complexity in a particular environment , new properties and behaviours, which are not necessarily contained in the essence of the constituent elements or able to be predicted from a knowledge of initial conditions, will emerge. These concepts of emergent phenomena from a critical mass, associated with notions of (...)
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  20. The Ontology of Physical Objects: Four-Dimensional Hunks of Matter.Mark Heller - 1990 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This provocative book attempts to resolve traditional problems of identity over time. It seeks to answer such questions as 'How is it that an object can survive change?' and 'How much change can an object undergo without being destroyed'? To answer these questions Professor Heller presents a theory about the nature of physical objects and about the relationship between our language and the physical world. According to his theory, the only actually existing physical entities are what the author calls 'hunks', (...)
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  21. Chisholm’s changing conception of ordinary objects.Mark Steen - 2008 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 76 (1):1-56.
    Roderick Chisholm changed his mind about ordinary objects. Circa 1973-1976, his analysis of them required the positing of two kinds of entities—part-changing ens successiva and non-part-changing, non-scatterable primary objects. This view has been well noted and frequently discussed (e.g., recently in Gallois 1998 and Sider 2001). Less often treated is his later view of ordinary objects (1986-1989), where the two kinds of posited entities change, from ens successiva to modes, and, while retaining primary objects, he now allows them to survive (...)
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  22. Conceptual Engineering, Metasemantic Externalism and Speaker-Meaning.Mark Pinder - 2021 - Mind 130 (517):141–163.
    What is the relationship between conceptual engineering and metasemantic externalism? Sally Haslanger has argued that metasemantic externalism justifies the seemingly counterintuitive consequences of her proposed conceptual revisions. But according to Herman Cappelen, metasemantic externalism makes conceptual engineering effectively impossible in practice. After raising objections to Haslanger’s and Cappelen’s views, I argue for a very different picture, on which metasemantic externalism bears very little on conceptual engineering. I argue that, while metasemantic externalism principally operates at the level of semantic-meaning, we should (...)
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  23.  21
    From administrator to CEO: Exploring changing representations of hierarchy and prestige in a diachronic corpus of academic management writing.Mark Learmonth & Gerlinde Mautner - 2020 - Discourse and Communication 14 (3):273-293.
    We explore the lexical choices made by authors published in Administrative Science Quarterly, a major academic journal in business and management studies. We do so via a corpus constructed from all the articles published in ASQ from its first publication in 1956 up until the end of 2018. Specifically, our focus is on lexical items that represent social actors. Our findings suggest that, compared with earlier work, recent articles typically ascribe greater status and prestige to organizational elites. Relatively contemporary papers (...)
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  24.  80
    Saving God: Religion After Idolatry.Mark Johnston - 2009 - Princeton University Press.
    In this book, Mark Johnston argues that God needs to be saved not only from the distortions of the "undergraduate atheists" but, more importantly, from the idolatrous tendencies of religion itself. Each monotheistic religion has its characteristic ways of domesticating True Divinity, of taming God's demands so that they do not radically threaten our self-love and false righteousness. Turning the monotheistic critique of idolatry on the monotheisms themselves, Johnston shows that much in these traditions must be condemned as false (...)
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  25. The Poverty of Economic Reasoning about Climate Change.Mark Sagoff - 2010 - Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly 30 (3/4):8-15.
    Economic analysis presents climate change as a collective action problem, a market failure, or a problem about the allocation or distribution of property rights. Mark Sagoff argues that it is none of these. Economic theory cannot provide a useful way—either a model, method, or metaphor—to think about climate change. The reasons to reduce greenhouse gases are not economic, but ethical.
     
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  26.  10
    Agonistic Democracy: Constituent Power in the Era of Globalisation.Mark Wenman - 2013 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This pioneering book delivers a systematic account of agonistic democracy, and a much-needed analysis of the core components of agonism: pluralism, tragedy, and the value of conflict. It also traces the history of these ideas, identifying the connections with republicanism and with Greek antiquity. Mark Wenman presents a critical appraisal of the leading contemporary proponents of agonism and, in a series of well-crafted and comprehensive discussions, brings these thinkers into debate with one another, as well as with the post-structuralist (...)
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  27. How Technology Changes Our Idea of the Good.Mark Sentesy - 2011 - In Laverdure Paul & Mbonimpa Melchior, Eth-ICTs: Ethics and the New Information and Communication Technologies. University of Sudbury. pp. 109-123.
    The ethical neutrality of technology has been widely questioned, for example, in the case of the creation and continued existence of weapons. At stake is whether technology changes the ethical character of our experience: compare the experience of seeing a beating to videotaping it. Interpreting and elaborating on the work of George Grant and Marshall McLuhan, this paper consists of three arguments: 1) the existence of technologies determines the structures of civilization that are imposed on the world, 2) technologies shape (...)
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  28.  43
    The epidemiologic transition and changing concepts of causation and causal inference.Mark Parascandola - 2012 - Revue d'Histoire des Sciences 65 (2):243-262.
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  29. Scientific change as political action: Franz Boas and the anthropology of race.Mark Risjord - 2007 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 37 (1):24-45.
    A theory is value-neutral when no constitutive values are part of its content. Nonneutral theories seem to lack objectivity because it is not clear how the constitutive values could be empirically confirmed. This article analyzes Franz Boas’s famous arguments against nineteenth-century evolutionary anthropology and racial theory. While he recognized that talk of "higher civilizations" encoded a constitutive, political value with consequences for slavery and colonialism, he argued against it on empirical and methodological grounds. Boas’s arguments thus provide a model of (...)
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  30.  35
    The Food-Energy-Climate Change Trilemma: Toward a Socio-Economic Analysis.Mark Harvey - 2014 - Theory, Culture and Society 31 (5):155-182.
    The food-energy-climate change trilemma refers to the stark alternatives presented by the need to feed a world population growing to nine billion, the attendant risks of land conversion and use for global climate change, and the way these are interconnected with the energy crisis arising from the depletion of oil. Theorizing the interactions between political economies and their related natural environments, in terms of both finitudes of resources and generation of greenhouse gases, presents a major challenge to social sciences. Approaches (...)
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  31.  34
    Changing the Focus: Fostering the Development of Science, Technology, and Society Programs in Schools.Mark A. Brockmeyer, Julia M. McArthur, Susan M. Blunck & William F. McComas - 1992 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 12 (6):294-298.
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  32. Disguising Change: Hume and Cognitive Science on the Continued Existence of Selves.Mark Collier - 2022 - In Dan O'Brien, Hume on the Self and Personal Identity. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 275-293.
  33.  6
    Changes in operant responding for saccharin in male and female hamsters following gonadectomy.H. E. Marks - 1975 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 6 (2):192-194.
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  34.  17
    Grave Changes: Scattering Ashes in Contemporary Japan.Mark Rowe - 2003 - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 30 (1-2):85-118.
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  35.  44
    Education for change.Mark Winne - 2005 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 18 (3):305-310.
    The author uses two publications, Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe (Alesina and Glaeser) and Poetry magazine, to underscore the important role that educational institutions play in developing a person’s political philosophy and imagination. European nations, for instance, have better funded social welfare programs than the US because their system of public education incorporates more liberal or left-leaning teachings into their standard curricula. The author sees implications for a more intentional approach to education in the US for those who (...)
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  36.  84
    Conceptual engineering, speaker-meaning and philosophy.Mark Pinder - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    We sometimes seek to change and improve our conceptual repertoire in some way. This is called ‘conceptual engineering’. In recent work, I have defended the ‘Speaker-Meaning Picture’ of conceptual engineering. Independently, while critiquing the conceptual engineering literature, Max Deutsch has argued against understanding conceptual engineering in terms of speaker-meaning. Deutsch’s critique targets what he calls the ‘standard account’ of conceptual engineering and its role in philosophy. In my contribution to this symposium, I also object to the ‘standard account’. I then (...)
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  37.  66
    Arguments for Well-Regulated Capitalism, and Implications for Global Ethics, Food, Environment, Climate Change, and Beyond.Mark Budolfson - 2021 - Ethics and International Affairs 35 (1):83-98.
    Discourse on food ethics often advocates the anti-capitalist idea that we need less capitalism, less growth, and less globalization if we want to make the world a better and more equitable place. This idea is also familiar from much discourse in global ethics, environment, and political theory, more generally. However, many experts argue that this anti-capitalist idea is not supported by reason and argument, and is actually wrong. As part of the roundtable, “Ethics and the Future of the Global Food (...)
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  38.  49
    The Moment of Complexity: Emerging Network Culture.Mark C. Taylor - 2001 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    "_The Moment of Complexity_ is a profoundly original work. In remarkable and insightful ways, Mark Taylor traces an entirely new way to view the evolution of our culture, detailing how information theory and the scientific concept of complexity can be used to understand recent developments in the arts and humanities. This book will ultimately be seen as a classic."-John L. Casti, Santa Fe Institute, author of _Gödel: A Life of Logic, the Mind, and Mathematics_ The science of complexity accounts (...)
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  39.  4
    Explanatory frameworks in complex change and resilience system modelling.Mark Addis & Claudia Eckert - forthcoming - Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    Heterogenous flows across system boundaries continue to pose significant problems for efficient resource allocation especially with respect to long term strategic planning and immediate problems about allocation to address particular resource shortages. The approach taken here to modelling such flows is an engineering change prediction one. This enables margin modelling by producing system models in dependency matrices with different linkage types. Change prediction approaches from engineering design can analyse where these bottlenecks in integrated systems would be so that resources can (...)
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  40.  45
    Is a change in the theory of the person necessary? A note on Sampson's discussion of individuality in the post-modern era.Mark S. Anspach - 1991 - Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 11 (2):111-115.
    Sampson’s hypothesis that the entry of Western society into a post-modern era of “globalization” will necessitate a change in the conceptualization of the person is discussed in light of relevant group process research and current world events. While it does not seem likely that any fundamental change in the theory of the person will occur, it is plausible that the present form of individualism will adapt to the conditions of this new era. 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
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  41.  37
    Youth Practitioner Professional Narratives: Changing Identities in Changing Times.Mark Price - 2018 - British Journal of Educational Studies 66 (1):53-68.
    This paper examines youth practitioner professionality responses to neo-liberal policy changes in youth work and the youth support sector in the UK, from New Labour to Conservative-led administrations. Using a narrative inquiry approach, six early career practitioners explore and recount their experiences of moving into the field during changing political times. The narratives reveal differentiated responses to a climate of increasing managerialism and performativity but point to the value of narrative capital as a personalised resource.
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  42.  25
    Self-Improvement: Technologies of the Soul in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.Mark Coeckelbergh - 2022 - Columbia University Press.
    We are obsessed with self-improvement; it’s a billion-dollar industry. But apps, workshops, speakers, retreats, and life hacks have not made us happier. Obsessed with the endless task of perfecting ourselves, we have become restless, anxious, and desperate. We are improving ourselves to death. The culture of self-improvement stems from philosophical classics, perfectionist religions, and a ruthless strain of capitalism—but today, new technologies shape what it means to improve the self. The old humanist culture has given way to artificial intelligence, social (...)
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  43.  90
    Deep plasticity: The encoding approach to perceptual change.Mark Rollins - 1994 - Philosophy of Science 61 (1):39-54.
    The basic problem of perceptual change is how to account for both variation and constancy in perceiving the world. Is order learned? How deep does plasticity go in that respect? I argue that different kinds of perceptual plasticity have been confused in recent debates, notably between J. Fodor and P. M. Churchland. By focusing on changes in the use of concepts, the issues in the Fodor-Churchland debate can be resolved. Beyond that debate, I propose a generalized encoding approach to perception (...)
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  44.  73
    The Logic of the History of Ideas.Mark Bevir - 1999 - Cambridge University Press.
    This paper provides a short summary of Mark Bevir, The Logic of the History of Ideas (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Logic stands here as a subset of Wittgenstein’s notion of philosophy as a matter of the grammar of our concepts. It studies the forms of reasoning appropriate to a discipline, rather than the material of that discipline. Hence, the logic of the history of ideas considers the nature of meaning, the way we should justify our knowledge of past (...)
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  45. Thomas Andre Iowa State University Mark Windschitl University of Washington.Mark Windschitl - 2003 - In Gale M. Sinatra & Paul R. Pintrich, Intentional conceptual change. Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. pp. 175.
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  46. On Strawson’s critique of explication as a method in philosophy.Mark Pinder - 2020 - Synthese 197 (3):955-981.
    In the course of theorising, it can be appropriate to replace one concept—a folk concept, or one drawn from an earlier stage of theorising—with a more precise counterpart. The best-known account of concept replacement is Rudolf Carnap’s ‘explication’. P.F. Strawson famously critiqued explication as a method in philosophy. As the critique is standardly construed, it amounts to the objection that explication is ‘irrelevant’, fails to be ‘illuminating’, or simply ‘changes the subject’. In this paper, I argue that this is an (...)
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  47. The interactivist model.Mark H. Bickhard - 2009 - Synthese 166 (3):547 - 591.
    A shift from a metaphysical framework of substance to one of process enables an integrated account of the emergence of normative phenomena. I show how substance assumptions block genuine ontological emergence, especially the emergence of normativity, and how a process framework permits a thermodynamic-based account of normative emergence. The focus is on two foundational forms of normativity, that of normative function and of representation as emergent in a particular kind of function. This process model of representation, called interactivism, compels changes (...)
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  48. The Hidden Zero Problem: Effective Altruism and Barriers to Marginal Impact.Mark Budolfson & Dean Spears - 2019 - In Hilary Greaves & Theron Pummer, Effective Altruism: Philosophical Issues. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    In this chapter, Mark Budolfson and Dean Spears analyse the marginal effect of philanthropic donations. The core of their analysis is the observation that marginal good done per dollar donated is a product (in the mathematical sense) of several factors: change in good done per change in activity level of the charity in question, change in activity per change in the charity’s budget size, and change in budget size per change in the individual’s donation to the charity in question. (...)
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  49.  14
    Animal century: a celebration of changing attitudes to animals.Mark Gold - 1998 - Charlbury, Oxfordshire: J. Carpenter.
    Animal Century records some of the most important events and influences behind this often overlooked element of our social history, paying tribute to the courage and endurance that has helped to create a groundswell of public sympathy for our fellow creatures in many countries of the world. Mark Gold's moving and thought-provoking account includes in-depth previously unpublished interviews with many key players - including Maneka Gandhi, Jane Goodall, Celia Hammond, Virginia McKenna and Peter Singer - and celebrates the compassion (...)
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  50. Notes toward an analysis of conceptual change.Mark Bevir - 2003 - Social Epistemology 17 (1):55 – 63.
    This paper analyses conceptual change. A rejection of pure experience has prompted philosophers of science to adopt a certain perspective from which to view changes of belief. Popper, Kuhn, and others have analysed conceptual change in terms of problems or anomalies, that is, in terms of contingent reasoning about issues posed in the context of an inherited web of belief. This paper explores a more general analysis of conceptual change in dialogue with these philosophers of science. Because changes of belief (...)
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