Results for 'Outcome responsibility'

979 found
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  1.  8
    Have we (really) done enough? Strengthening “outcome responsibility” in assessing moral duties toward refugees of protracted crises.Muhammet Ali Asil - forthcoming - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.
    This article seeks to advance the discussions on our moral obligations towards refugees of protracted crises by proposing a nuanced application of outcome responsibility. Differentiating causal and outcome responsibility through intention, involvement, and side-taking principles has both symbolic and practical significance in assigning reparative and remedial duties. The framework utilizes domestic analogies to help explain the refined version of these two responsibility types. It examines the Syrian crisis within this paradigm to offer a clearer understanding (...)
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  2.  20
    Outcomes of Paradox Responses in Corporate Sustainability: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis.Rikke R. Albertsen - forthcoming - Business and Society.
    Paradox theory offers a unique approach through which the complex and often conflicting aspects of corporate sustainability (CS) can be addressed. Although a growing body of literature has focused on the organizational-level outcomes of a paradox approach to sustainability, we know less about how such an approach creates business contributions to sustainable development beyond the organization (societal sustainability). The present study addresses this gap in research through a qualitative meta-analysis of 32 empirical case studies. While the analyzed studies confirmed the (...)
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  3.  45
    Putting responsible research and innovation into practice: a case study for biotechnology research, exploring impacts and RRI learning outcomes of public engagement for science students.Janice Limson - 2018 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 19):4685-4710.
    The responsible research and innovation framework seeks to bring science closer to society, with scientific research conducted not just for the benefit of society, but with role players in society engaging with scientists on research and innovation at every stage. A central focus of the RRI framework is the approach taken to embed these concepts in the higher education training of science students. In this study the direct engagement between science students and the public is explored as an opportunity for (...)
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  4.  22
    Toward Understanding Employees 'Responses to Leaders' Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior: An Outcome Favorability Perspective.Yahua Cai, Haoding Wang, Sebastian C. Schuh, Jinsong Li & Weili Zheng - 2024 - Journal of Business Ethics 192 (1):79-95.
    The uncovering of several recent corporate scandals has brought to light unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) in organizations. A growing body of research has provided insights into employees’ UPB and its antecedents. However, our understanding of leader UPB and its effects remains limited. In this study, we develop and test a theoretical model that explains employees’ responses to their leader UPB. By drawing on the theory of motivated reasoning and the trust literature, we posit that, in general, leader UPB is linked (...)
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  5. Responsible Leadership in Global Business: A New Approach to Leadership and Its Multi-Level Outcomes. [REVIEW]Christian Voegtlin, Moritz Patzer & Andreas Georg Scherer - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 105 (1):1-16.
    The article advances an understanding of responsible leadership in global business and offers an agenda for future research in this field. Our conceptualization of responsible leadership draws on deliberative practices and discursive conflict resolution, combining the macro-view of the business firm as a political actor with the micro-view of leadership. We discuss the concept in relation to existing research in leadership. Further, we propose a new model of responsible leadership that shows how such an understanding of leadership can address the (...)
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  6.  23
    Prediction outcome of a response-irrelevant stimulus as a determinant of choice reaction time.E. Scott Geller - 1974 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 103 (3):546.
  7.  44
    Prediction outcome and choice reaction time: Stimulus versus response anticipation.Charles P. Whitman & E. Scott Geller - 1972 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 93 (1):193.
  8.  85
    Responsible Leadership Outcomes Via Stakeholder CSR Values: Testing a Values-Centered Model of Transformational Leadership. [REVIEW]Kevin S. Groves & Michael A. LaRocca - 2011 - Journal of Business Ethics 98 (S1):37-55.
    A values-centered leadership model comprised of leader stakeholder and economic values, follower values congruence, and responsible leadership outcomes was tested using data from 122 organizational leaders and 458 of their direct reports. Alleviating same-source bias concerns in leadership survey research, follower ratings of leadership style and follower ratings of values congruence and responsible leadership outcomes were collected from separate sources via the split-sample methodology. Results of structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that leader stakeholder values predicted transformational leadership, whereas leader economic (...)
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  9. Responsibility for outcomes, risk, and the law of torts.Stephen Perry - 2001 - In Gerald J. Postema, Philosophy and the Law of Torts. Cambridge University Press. pp. 72--1.
     
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  10.  60
    Corporate Social Responsibility, Multi-faceted Job-Products, and Employee Outcomes.Shuili Du, C. B. Bhattacharya & Sankar Sen - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 131 (2):319-335.
    This paper examines how employees react to their organizations’ corporate social responsibility initiatives. Drawing upon research in internal marketing and psychological contract theories, we argue that employees have multi-faceted job needs and that CSR programs comprise an important means to fulfill developmental and ideological job needs. Based on cluster analysis, we identify three heterogeneous employee segments, Idealists, Enthusiasts, and Indifferents, who vary in their multi-faceted job needs and, consequently, their demand for organizational CSR. We further find that an organization’s (...)
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  11.  31
    Responsible innovation and resource-based theory: advancing an antecedent-outcome model for large manufacturing firms through structured literature review.Khalid Rasheed Memon & Say Keat Ooi - 2023 - Asian Journal of Business Ethics 12 (2):441-467.
    Technological innovations, despite their several benefits, may have drawbacks, thus, they need a control mechanism or directional channel. Responsible innovation (RI) has gained popularity in technology-intensive countries as a way to regulate otherwise uncontrollable and radical technological innovations. However, existing RI research lacks a clear theoretical foundation and has not adequately addressed the commercial and performance aspects of innovative products and firms. The current research proposes an empirically testable model for RI by conducting a structured literature review, focusing on the (...)
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  12.  59
    Brand Social Responsibility: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Outcomes.Bianca Grohmann & H. Onur Bodur - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 131 (2):375-399.
    Social responsibility is typically examined at the firm level, yet there are instances in which consumers’ social responsibility perceptions of the firm’s product brands differ from social responsibility perceptions with regard to the firm [i.e., corporate social responsibility ]. This article conceptualizes brand social responsibility and delineates it from CSR. Following the development of a BSR scale, this research demonstrates variations in consumers’ social responsibility perceptions across product brands even if they are owned by (...)
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  13.  29
    Predictors and outcomes of Corporate Social Responsibility: a research framework.Pavlos A. Vlachos - 2010 - International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics 5 (4):343-359.
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  14.  36
    Whodunit? Causal Responsibility of Utilization Review for Physicians'Decisions, Patients'Outcomes.E. Haavi Morreim - 1992 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 20 (1-2):40-56.
    In the “olden days,” only a few years ago, physicians were free to order virtually any service they believed their patients needed, confident that virtually everything would be paid for. Reimbursernent was retrospective, fee-for-service and generous, essentially a cost-plus system in which insurers only rarely challenged medical decisions. That system is now gone. Uncontrolled escalations in the cost of health care have prompted those who pay its costs—primarily governments, businesses, and insurers—to initiate a broad array of cost controls in hopes (...)
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  15.  37
    Are Citizens Causally Responsible for Voting Outcomes?Christina Nick - 2021 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 121 (1):101-109.
    Can we hold citizens causally responsible for the outcomes of their voting decisions? They could stand in the causal relationship required for such responsibility either collectively or individually. Recent accounts ascribing responsibility to citizens have primarily taken the collective route because of a major obstacle to using an individualistic approach, namely, the problem of overdetermination: the actions of each citizen do not make an individual difference to, and therefore cannot be a cause of, the overall political outcome. (...)
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  16.  69
    Collective responsibility and contributing to an outcome.Gregory Mellema - 2006 - Criminal Justice Ethics 25 (2):17-22.
  17.  40
    Influence of response shift and disposition on patient-reported outcomes may lead to suboptimal medical decisions: a medical ethics perspective.Iris D. Hartog, Dick L. Willems, Wilbert B. van den Hout, Michael Scherer-Rath, Tom H. Oreel, José P. S. Henriques, Pythia T. Nieuwkerk, Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven & Mirjam A. G. Sprangers - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):1-7.
    Patient-reported outcomes are frequently used for medical decision making, at the levels of both individual patient care and healthcare policy. Evidence increasingly shows that PROs may be influenced by patients’ response shifts and dispositions. We identify how response shifts and dispositions may influence medical decisions on both the levels of individual patient care and health policy. We provide examples of these influences and analyse the consequences from the perspectives of ethical principles and theories of just distribution. If influences of response (...)
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  18.  15
    Outcome-Based Evaluations of Social Interaction Valence in a Contingent Response Context.Jun Yin, Xiaoyan He, Yisong Yang & Xiaoying Wu - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  19.  28
    Corporate social responsibility and employee outcomes: The role of country context.Tay K. McNamara, Rene Carapinha, Marcie Pitt-Catsouphes, Monique Valcour & Sharon Lobel - 2017 - Business Ethics: A European Review 26 (4):413-427.
    This study examined the association between employee perceptions of two foci of corporate social responsibility and work attitudes in different countries. Using data collected as part of a multinational research project with a core team in the United States, we found that perceptions of externally focused CSR enactment were positively associated with employee engagement and affective commitment. Perceptions of internally focused CSR enactment were positively associated with affective commitment but not with employee engagement. Analyses across countries revealed more cultural (...)
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  20.  70
    Ethics Versus Outcomes: Managerial Responses to Incentive-Driven and Goal-Induced Employee Behavior.Gary M. Fleischman, Eric N. Johnson, Kenton B. Walker & Sean R. Valentine - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 158 (4):951-967.
    Management plays an important role in reinforcing ethics in organizations. To support this aim, managers must use incentive and goal programs in ethical ways. This study examines experimentally the potential ethical costs associated with incentive-driven and goal-induced employee behavior from a managerial perspective. In a quasi-experimental setting, 243 MBA students with significant professional work experience evaluated a hypothetical employee’s ethical behavior under incentive pay systems modeled on a business case. In the role of the employee’s manager, participants evaluated the ethicality (...)
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  21. Philanthropy, Integration or Innovation? Exploring the Financial and Societal Outcomes of Different Types of Corporate Responsibility.Minna Halme & Juha Laurila - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 84 (3):325-339.
    This article argues that previous research on the outcomes of corporate responsibility should be refined in two ways. First, although there is abundant research that addresses the link between corporate responsibility (CR) and financial performance, hardly any studies scrutinize whether the type of corporate responsibility makes a difference to this link. Second, while the majority of CR research conducted within business studies concentrates on the financial outcomes for the firm, the societal outcomes of CR are left largely (...)
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  22.  44
    Get Smart: Outcomes, Influence, and Responsibility.Per-Erik Milam - 2021 - The Monist 104 (4):443-457.
    Once relegated to the margins of the responsibility debate, moral influence theories have recently been rehabilitated. This paper offers a moral influence theory with two parts: a theory of responsibility as influenceability and an act-consequentialist justification of blame. I defend this account against six concerns commonly raised both by opponents and by advocates of similar views. Some concerns target act consequentialism, claiming that it 1) permits blaming innocents; 2) permits coercion, manipulation, and other objectionable forms of influence; and (...)
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  23.  33
    Revisiting the L-Dopa Response as a Predictor of Motor Outcomes After Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease.Zhengyu Lin, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Linbin Wang, Yingying Zhang, Haiyan Zhou, Qingfang Sun, Bomin Sun, Peng Huang & Dianyou Li - 2021 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15:604433.
    Objective: To investigate the correlation between preoperative response to the L-dopa challenge test and efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on motor function in Parkinson’s disease (PD).Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 38 patients with idiopathic PD who underwent DBS surgery with a median follow-up duration of 7 months. Twenty underwent bilateral globus pallidus interna (GPi) DBS, and 18 underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS. The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-Motor Part (MDS UPDRS-III) was assessed before (...)
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  24.  19
    Why the Outcome of Anti‐Tumor Immune Responses is Heterogeneous: A Novel Idea in the Context of Immunological Heterogeneity in Cancers.Jing H. Wang - 2020 - Bioessays 42 (10):2000024.
    The question as to why some hosts can eradicate their tumors while others succumb to tumor‐progression remains unanswered. Here, a provocative concept is proposed that intrinsic differences in the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of individuals may influence the outcome of anti‐tumor immunity by affecting the frequency and/or variety of tumor‐reactive CD8 and/or CD4 tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. This idea implicates that the TCR repertoire in a given patient might not provide sufficiently different TCR clones that can recognize tumor antigens, namely, (...)
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  25.  54
    Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Outcomes: Interrelations of External and Internal Orientations with Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment.Erifili-Christina Chatzopoulou, Dimitris Manolopoulos & Vasia Agapitou - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 179 (3):795-817.
    We bring together social identity and social exchange perspectives to develop and test a moderated mediation model that sheds light on employees’ perceptions regarding the interrelations between an organization’s external and internal CSR initiatives and their job attitudes and work behaviours. This is important because employees’ sensemaking of CSR motives as being either self-focussed or others-focussed can produce meaningful variations in their job satisfaction and the dimensions of organizational commitment. Also, the consolidation of CSR’s underlying psychological mechanisms can advance our (...)
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  26.  32
    (1 other version)On the responsibilities of dominated states.Anahi Wiedenbrug - 2017 - Global Justice: Theory Practice Rhetoric 10 (2).
    While global justice theorists heatedly discuss the responsibilities of the affluent and powerful, those states which can legitimately be seen as victims of global injustice have seldom, if ever, been considered as duty bearers to whom responsibilities can be attached. However, recognising agents whose options are constrained not only as victims, but also as duty bearers is necessary as a proof of respect for their agency and indispensable to mobilise the type of action required to alter global injustices. In this (...)
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  27.  58
    Cross-sector Alliances for Corporate Social Responsibility Partner Heterogeneity Moderates Environmental Strategy Outcomes.Haiying Lin - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 110 (2):219-229.
    This article provides a new mechanism in understanding how partner heterogeneity moderates an alliance's ability to advance corporate social responsibility goals. I identified the antecedents for firms to select a more diverse set of partners and explored whether more diverse alliances (especially cross-sector alliances) may facilitate partners to achieve more proactive environmental outcomes. I employ 146 environmental alliances formed in the U.S. between 1990 and 2009 to test the assertions. Results suggest that firms with innovative orientation and alliance experiences (...)
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  28.  30
    The Relationship Between Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee-Related Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis.Agnieszka Paruzel, Hannah J. P. Klug & Günter W. Maier - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Although there is much research on the relationships of corporate social responsibility and employee-related outcomes, a systematic and quantitative integration of research findings is needed to substantiate and broaden our knowledge. A meta-analysis allows the comparison of the relations of different types of CSR on several different outcomes, for example to learn what type of CSR is most important to employees. From a theoretical perspective, social identity theory is the most prominent theoretical approach in CSR research, so we aim (...)
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  29.  39
    Trait rumination and response to negative evaluative lab-induced stress: neuroendocrine, affective, and cognitive outcomes.Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn, Elizabeth A. Velkoff & Richard E. Zinbarg - 2018 - Cognition and Emotion 33 (3):466-479.
    ABSTRACTTheoretical models of depression posit that, under stress, elevated trait rumination predicts more pronounced or prolonged negative affective and neuroendocrine responses, and that trait rumination hampers removing irrelevant negative information from working memory. We examined several gaps regarding these models in the context of lab-induced stress. Non-depressed undergraduates completed a rumination questionnaire and either a negative-evaluative Trier Social Stress Test or a non-evaluative control condition, followed by a modified Sternberg affective working memory task assessing the extent to which irrelevant negative (...)
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  30.  96
    Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Outcomes: A Moderated Mediation Model of Organizational Identification and Moral Identity.Wei Wang, Ying Fu, Huiqing Qiu, James H. Moore & Zhongming Wang - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
  31.  38
    (1 other version)Relational conceptions of justice: Responsibilities for health outcomes.Thomas W. Pogge - 2001 - Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 46 (1):51-75.
    Numa sociedade democrática, as regras sociais são impostas a cada um por todos. Como “recebedores” de tais regras, tendemos a pensar que elas deviam ser designadas para engendrar a melhor distribuição possível de bens e males ou qualidade de vida. Enquanto autores das regras, tendemos a pensar que os malefícios por nós impostos através de tais regras têm maior peso moral que os danos que nós meramente deixamos de evitar ou mitigar. Embora as atuais teorias sejam dominadas pela primeira perspectiva, (...)
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  32. Relationships among Perceived Organizational Core Values, Corporate Social Responsibility, Ethics, and Organizational Performance Outcomes: An Empirical Study of Information Technology Professionals.K. Gregory Jin & Ronald G. Drozdenko - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 92 (3):341-359.
    This study is an extension of our recent ethics research in direct marketing and information technology. In this study, we investigated the relationships among core organizational values, organizational ethics, corporate social responsibility, and organizational performance outcome. Our analysis of online survey responses from a sample of IT professionals in the United States indicated that managers from organizations with organic core values reported a higher level of social responsibility relative to managers in organizations with mechanistic values; that managers (...)
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  33.  45
    Immediate and delayed outcomes: Learning and the recall of responses.Alexander M. Buchwald & Robert B. Meagher - 1974 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 103 (4):758.
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  34.  51
    Twitter Presence and Experience Improve Corporate Social Responsibility Outcomes.Siva K. Balasubramanian, Yiwei Fang & Zihao Yang - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 173 (4):737-757.
    We investigate the role of social-media-triggered public pressure on corporate social responsibility that includes expectations of transparency and accountability on the firm’s part, and participative/evaluative inputs on the public’s part. Using the date when S&P 500 firms established corporate Twitter accounts, we investigate the impact of corporate social media exposure on CSR outcomes. Results from baseline regressions indicate that firms with Twitter accounts significantly outperform industry peers in CSR rating, after controlling for firm and industry characteristics. To test potential (...)
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  35. Joint responsibility without individual control: Applying the Explanation Hypothesis.Gunnar Björnsson - 2011 - In Nicole A. Vincent, Ibo van de Poel & Jeroen van den Hoven, Moral Responsibility: Beyond Free Will and Determinism. Springer.
    This paper introduces a new family of cases where agents are jointly morally responsible for outcomes over which they have no individual control, a family that resists standard ways of understanding outcome responsibility. First, the agents in these cases do not individually facilitate the outcomes and would not seem individually responsible for them if the other agents were replaced by non-agential causes. This undermines attempts to understand joint responsibility as overlapping individual responsibility; the responsibility in (...)
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  36.  38
    No-Fault Responsibility for Outcomes.Robert Merrihew Adams - 2014 - The Harvard Review of Philosophy 21:4-17.
  37. Incidental action-outcome learning influences intentional response selection.B. Elsner & B. Hommel - 2000 - Consciousness and Cognition 9 (2):S86 - S87.
  38.  14
    Risk decision: The self-charity discrepancies in electrophysiological responses to outcome evaluation.Min Tan, Mei Li, Jin Li, Huie Li, Chang You, Guanfei Zhang & Yiping Zhong - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:965677.
    Previous studies have examined the outcome evaluation related to the self and other, and recent research has explored the outcome evaluation of the self and other with pro-social implications. However, the evaluation processing of outcomes in the group in need remains unclear. This study has examined the neural mechanisms of evaluative processing by gambling for the self and charity, respectively. At the behavioral level, when participants make decisions for themselves, they made riskier decisions following the gain than loss (...)
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  39.  25
    Caregivers, Gender, and the Law: An Analysis of Family Responsibility Discrimination Case Outcomes.Sylvia Fuller, Christina Treleaven & C. Elizabeth Hirsh - 2020 - Gender and Society 34 (5):760-789.
    As workers struggle to combine work and family responsibilities, discrimination against workers based on their status as caregivers is on the rise. Although both women and men feel the pinch, caregiver discrimination is particularly damaging for women, because care is intricately tied to gendered norms and expectations. In this article, we analyze caregiver discrimination cases resolved by Canadian Human Rights Tribunals from 1985 through 2016, to explore how work and caregiving clash. We identify issues involved in disputes and the ways (...)
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  40.  40
    Responding to emotional scenes: effects of response outcome and picture repetition on reaction times and the late positive potential.Nina N. Thigpen, Andreas Keil & Alexandra M. Freund - 2018 - Cognition and Emotion 32 (1):1-13.
    Processing the motivational relevance of a visual scene and reacting accordingly is crucial for survival. Previous work suggests the emotional content of naturalistic scenes affects response speed, such that unpleasant content slows responses whereas pleasant content accelerates responses. It is unclear whether these effects reflect motor-cognitive processes, such as attentional orienting, or vary with the function/outcome of the motor response itself. Four experiments manipulated participants’ ability to terminate the picture and, thereby, the response’s function and motivational value. Attentive orienting (...)
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  41.  29
    Striving for Consistency Shapes Emotional Responses to Other’s Outcomes.Bogdan Wojciszke & Agnieszka Pietraszkiewicz - 2014 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 45 (3):296-305.
    Based on the balance theory, we hypothesized that emotions induced by other person’s outcomes function as responses restoring balance within cognitive units consisting of the perceiver, other persons and their outcomes. As a consequence, emotional reactions towards others’ outcomes depend on the perceiver’s attitudes in such a way that outcomes of a well-liked person rise congruous responses, while outcomes of a disliked other lead to incongruous responses. Our participants recalled a situation from their past in which somebody they liked or (...)
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  42.  13
    A call to technologists to ensure that responsible outcomes arise from their innovations.Aaditeshwar Seth - 2021 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 19 (2):268-279.
    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to encourage technologists, those who design and manage technology systems, to collectivize and get closely involved in defining the priorities of their organizations, their countries, and the world, so that responsible outcomes can arise from their labour. Design/methodology/approach The author examines this problem from three viewpoints: From a design perspective about what is missing in most design practices to build information systems that undesirable outcomes still happen; from an ethics perspective about how to (...)
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  43.  33
    Outcomes of organ donation in brain-dead patient's families: Ethical perspective.Shamsi Ahmadian, Abolfazl Rahimi & Ebrahim Khaleghi - 2019 - Nursing Ethics 26 (1):256-269.
    Background: The families of brain-dead patients have a significant role in the process of decision making for organ donation. Organ donation is a traumatic experience. The ethical responsibility of healthcare systems respecting organ donation is far beyond the phase of decision making for donation. The principles of donation-related ethics require healthcare providers and organ procurement organizations to respect donor families and protect them against any probable harm. Given the difficult and traumatic nature of donation-related experience, understanding the outcomes of (...)
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  44. Should we Consult Kant when Assessing Agent’s Moral Responsibility for Harm?Friderik Klampfer - 2009 - Balkan Journal of Philosophy 1 (2):131-156.
    The paper focuses on the conditions under which an agent can be justifiably held responsible or liable for the harmful consequences of his or her actions. Kant has famously argued that as long as the agent fulfills his or her moral duty, he or she cannot be blamed for any potential harm that might result from his or her action, no matter how foreseeable these may (have) be(en). I call this the Duty-Absolves-Thesis or DA. I begin by stating the thesis (...)
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  45. Responsible Leadership as Virtuous Leadership.Kim Cameron - 2011 - Journal of Business Ethics 98 (S1):25-35.
    Responsible leadership is rare. It is not that most leaders are irresponsible, but responsibility in leadership is frequently defined so that an important connotation of responsible leadership is ignored. This article equates responsible leadership with virtuousness. Using this connotation implies that responsible leadership is based on three assumptions—eudaemonism, inherent value, and amplification. Secondarily, this connotation produces two important outcomes—a fixed point for coping with change, and benefits for constituencies who may never be affected otherwise. The meaning and advantages of (...)
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  46.  18
    Outcome-adaptive randomization in clinical trials: issues of participant welfare and autonomy.Julius Sim - 2019 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 40 (2):83-101.
    Outcome-adaptive randomization (OAR) has been proposed as a corrective to certain ethical difficulties inherent in the traditional randomized clinical trial (RCT) using fixed-ratio randomization. In particular, it has been suggested that OAR redresses the balance between individual and collective ethics in favour of the former. In this paper, I examine issues of welfare and autonomy arising in relation to OAR. A central issue in discussions of welfare in OAR is equipoise, and the moral status of OAR is crucially influenced (...)
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  47.  21
    Insight orientation scale: A promising tool for organizational outcomes–A psychometric analysis using item response theory.Alessio Gori, Eleonora Topino, Andrea Svicher, David Schuldberg & Annamaria Di Fabio - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Insight is a construct carried out into different theoretical orientations with increasing application out of the boundaries of clinical psychology. Recent studies have investigated insight also as a promising variable for organizational outcomes. Given the relevance of Insight in promoting change, this paper aimed at describing the psychometric analysis of one of the shortest, most agile, and most versatile tool for measuring some of the characteristics of insight, the Insight Orientation Scale, using Item Response Theory. To achieve this goal, we (...)
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  48.  48
    Management Responses to Social Activism in an Era of Corporate Responsibility: A Case Study.Katinka C. Cranenburgh, Kellie Liket & Nigel Roome - 2013 - Journal of Business Ethics 118 (3):497-513.
    Social activism against companies has evolved in the 50 years since Rachel Carson first put the US chemical industry under pressure to halt the indiscriminate use of the chemical DDT. Many more companies have come under the spotlight of activist attention as the agenda social activists address has expanded, provoked in part by the internationalization of business. During the past fifteen years, companies have begun to formulate corporate responsibility (CR) policies and appointed management teams dedicated to CR, resulting in (...)
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  49.  78
    Responsibility Voids and Cooperation.Hein Duijf - 2018 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 48 (4):434-460.
    Do responsibility voids exist? That is, are there situations in which the group is collectively morally responsible for some outcome although no member can be held individually morally responsible for it? To answer these questions, I draw a distinction between competitive and cooperative decision contexts based on the team-reasoning account of cooperation. Accordingly, I provide a reasoning-based analysis of cooperation, competition, moral responsibility, and, last, potential responsibility voids. I then argue that competitive decision contexts are free (...)
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  50.  13
    How to Investigate the Effects of Groups on Changes in Longitudinal Patient-Reported Outcomes and Response Shift Using Rasch Models.Karima Hammas, Véronique Sébille, Priscilla Brisson, Jean-Benoit Hardouin & Myriam Blanchin - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    In order to investigate patients’ experience of healthcare, repeated assessments of patient-reported outcomes are increasingly performed in observational studies and clinical trials. Changes in PRO can however be difficult to interpret in longitudinal settings as patients’ perception of the concept being measured may change over time, leading to response shift and possibly to erroneous interpretation of the observed changes in PRO. Several statistical methods for response shift analysis have been proposed, but they usually assume that response shift occurs in the (...)
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