This narrative scoping review examines ethical practice in educational and school psychology from a bioecological systems’ perspective. A search of four databases yielded 34 articles in the final narrative synthesis. Informed by Bronfenbrenner and Morris’ bioecological systems theory, the ethical experiences of educational and school psychologists were analyzed using the concepts of Process, Person, Context and Time. The complexity, intensity and frequency of ethical dilemmas are reviewed in Process. The demand, resource, and force characteristics impacting on psychologists as Person are (...) reviewed. Within Context, studies identified dilemmas that arose for psychologists across systems. In Time, issues including implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on psychologists’ ethical practice with the emergence of Artificial Intelligence are examined. This paper demonstrates the synergies and the interrelated influences on psychologists’ ethical practices arising from a systematic review of their experiences and their professional training needs. (shrink)

En este trabajo critico la interpretación moralizada de la obligación política en Hobbes que defiende Luciano Venezia. Exploro una lectura diferente que evita una dicotomía tajante entre las razones prudenciales y las razones morales y subraya en cambio la discontinuidad entre la normatividad subjetiva de la ley natural y la normatividad objetiva de la ley positiva. Sostengo que el contrato de sujeción política establece obligaciones objetivas recién cuando el soberano exige el cumplimiento de los contratos. La obligación política es entonces (...) una forma de obligación jurídica. Además, enfatizo que la comunidad moral de Hobbes solo es posible dentro del Estado. In this paper, I criticize Luciano Venezia's moralized interpretation of the Hobbesian concept of political obligation. I explore a different reading that avoids a clear-cut dichotomy between prudential and moral reasons and underscores instead the discontinuity between natural law's subjective normativity and civil law's objective normativity. I contend that the pact of political subjection establishes objective obligations only when the sovereign requires the fulfillment of contracts. Political obligation is then a form of legal obligation. In addition, I emphasize that Hobbes's moral community is only possible within the State. (shrink)

My purpose in this essay is to make some remarks about the Digression of the Theaetetus. I shall argue that one central aim of the Digression is to show that there is a conflict between two ways of life: the life of the philosopher and the life of people get involved in politics. In the first part of this paper I make some considerations on the relationship between the Prologue and the trial of Socrates. In the second part I examine (...) the moral of the Digression from the perspective of Socrates‟ account of Protagoras‟ epistemology. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThe negativity bias is the tendency for individuals to give greater weight, and often exhibit more rapid and extreme responses, to negative than positive information. Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusory memory paradigm, the current study sought to examine how the negativity bias might affect both correct recognition for negative and positive words and false recognition for associated critical lures, as well as how trait neuroticism might moderate these effects. In two experiments, participants studied lists of words composed of semantic associates of (...) an unpresented word. Half of the lists were comprised of positive words and half were comprised of negative words. As expected, individuals remembered negative list words better than positive list words, consistent with a negativity bias in correct recognition. When tested immediately, individuals also exhibited greater false memory for negative versus positive critical lures. When tested after a 24-hr delay... (shrink)

Error related potentials, which are elicited in the EEG in response to a perceived error, have been used for error correction and adaption in the event related potential -based brain computer interfaces designed for typing. In these typing interfaces, ERP evidence is collected in response to a sequence of stimuli presented usually in the visual form and the intended user stimulus is probabilistically inferred and presented to the user as the decision. If the inferred stimulus is incorrect, ErrP is expected (...) to be elicited in the EEG. Early approaches to use ErrP in the design of typing interfaces attempt to make hard decisions on the perceived error such that the perceived error is corrected and either the sequence of stimuli are repeated to obtain further ERP evidence, or without further repetition the stimulus with the second highest probability is presented to the user as the decision of the system. Moreover, none of the existing approaches use a language model to increase the performance of typing. In this work, unlike the existing approaches, we study the potential benefits of fusing feedback related potentials, a form of ErrP, with ERP and context information in a Bayesian fashion to detect the user intent. We present experimental results based on data from 12 healthy participants using RSVP Keyboard™ to complete a copy-phrase-task. Three paradigms are compared: [P1] uses only ERP/LM Bayesian fusion; [P2] each RSVP sequence is appended with the top candidate in the alphabet according to posterior after ERP evidence fusion; corresponding FRP is then incorporated; and [P3] the top candidate is shown as a prospect to generate FRP evidence only if its posterior exceeds a threshold. Analyses indicate that ERP/LM/FRP evidence fusion during decision making yields significant speed-accuracy benefits for the user. (shrink)

It has been generally assumed in the Theory of Mind literature of the past 30 years that young children fail standard false-belief tasks because they attribute their own knowledge to the protagonist. Contrary to the traditional view, we have recently proposed that the children's bias is task induced. This alternative view was supported by studies showing that 3 year olds are able to pass a false-belief task that allows them to focus on the protagonist, without drawing their attention to the (...) target object in the test phase. For a more accurate comparison of these two accounts, the present study tested the true-belief default with adults. Four experiments measuring eye movements and response inhibition revealed that adults do not have an automatic tendency to respond to the false-belief question according to their own knowledge and the true-belief response need not be inhibited in order to correctly predict the protagonist's actions. The positive results observed in the control conditions confirm the accuracy of the various measures used. I conclude that the results of this study undermine the true-belief default view and those models that posit mechanisms of response inhibition in false-belief reasoning. Alternatively, the present study with adults and recent studies with children suggest that participants' focus of attention in false-belief tasks may be key to their performance. (shrink)

Morphophonological alternations, such as the voicing alternation that arises in a morphological paradigm due to final-devoicing in Dutch, are notoriously difficult for children to acquire. This has previously been attributed to their unpredictability. In fact, the presence or absence of a voicing alternation is partly predictable if the phonological context of the word is taken into account, and adults have been shown to use this information ( Ernestus and Baayen, 2003 ). This study investigates whether voicing alternations are predictable from (...) the child’s input, and whether children can make use of this information. A corpus study of child-directed speech establishes that the likelihood of a stem-final obstruent alternating is somewhat predictable on the basis of the phonological properties of the stem. In Experiment 1 Dutch 3-year-olds’ production accuracy in a plural-elicitation task is shown to be sensitive to the distributional statistics. However, distributional properties do not play a role in children’s sensitivity to mispronunciations of voicing in a Preferential Looking Task in Experiment 2. (shrink)

O presente estudo pretende compreender como a diáspora interfere no ato de ouvir a programação da Rádio Comunitária 87.9 FM de Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, pela internet, isto é, se o fato de ouvir a emissora por meio do site aproxima os indivíduos diaspóricos de Frederico Westphalen, da Rádio ou de alguém que resida no município e como isso acontece. A metodologia utilizada foi de entrevistas em profundidade com ouvintes da Rádio Comunitária FM que estão em situação de (...) diáspora e também com o diretor da emissora. A grande maioria dos entrevistados ouve a Rádio como uma maneira de se manter próximo a Frederico Westphalen ou a algum familiar ou amigo que resida no município, diminuindo assim os efeitos da diáspora em suas vidas, como a saudade, por exemplo. (shrink)

BackgroundSince the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and its social restriction measures, online therapy is a life-saving possibility for patients with acute stress. Wiring Affect with ReAttach is a brief psychological intervention aiming to decrease negative affect, that can be offered online.MethodsWe assessed the effect of remote W.A.R.A. on negative affect in 37 patients. Consequently, we compared the effect of remote W.A.R.A. versus face-to-face W.A.R.A on negative affect in a cross-sectional design.ResultsW.A.R.A. remote therapy provoked a significant reduction of negative affect (...) with a large effect size. However, the reduction on negative affect was smaller than with W.A.R.A. face-to-face. We found a substantial difference between W.A.R.A. remote therapy and W.A.R.A. face-to-face in decrease of negative affect.LimitationsThe major limitation of the pilot-study is the sample size of 37 patients. Besides, we designed a numeric rating scale for evaluating negative affect. We investigated the impact on negative affect by assessing “unpleasant feelings.” This conceptualization of negative affect might still be a point of discussion.ConclusionThe study’s findings indicated that W.A.R.A. remote therapy significantly reduced negative affect, but to a lesser extent than W.A.R.A. face-to-face. Nevertheless, W.A.R.A. remote therapy might offer a fast relief, especially when personal contact is difficult. (shrink)

This article investigates the impact of the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the comparability, quality, and efficiency of financial reporting, both in public administration and in emerging markets. Through a quantitative approach, data from various public institutions and emerging market companies that have adopted IFRS in recent years were analyzed. The results indicate a significant improvement in the comparability and quality of financial reports, although accounting efficiency varies depending on the degree of implementation and administrative modernization in (...) the countries. It is concluded that the adoption of IFRS has an overall positive effect, but its total impact depends on the institutional capacity of countries. (shrink)

¿El agua recuerda? ¿Cómo es posible visualizar y sanar su memoria? En el año 2013 el artista Eduardo Navarro presentó su obra Tratamiento homeopático del Río de la Plata en el Parque de la Memoria - Monumento a las Víctimas del Terrorismo de Estado, como parte de la exhibición Aquella mañana fue como si recuperara, si no la felicidad, sí la energía, una energía que se parecía mucho al humor, un humor que se parecía mucho a la memoria, bajo la (...) curaduría de Inés Katzenstein y Javier Villa. En palabras del artista, el proyecto se inspiró en la teoría del científico japonés Masaru Emoto, quien sostiene que las diversas formas de cristalización del agua se deben a las energías y afectos a las que ésta se expone. (shrink)

Gender segregation in baccalaureate degree fields declined rapidly in the first half of the period from 1971 to 2002; at the same time, women's representation among baccalaureate degree recipients increased most rapidly relative to men's. The desegregation of the early period resulted mainly from women's increased entry into business-related fields and declining proportions of women majoring in traditional fields such as education and English. Men did not contribute to integration by moving toward fields numerically dominated by women. Fixed-effects regression models (...) suggest that feminization of fields discourages later cohorts of men from entering them, as predicted by the devaluation perspective. The stalling of desegregation came from a combination of men's disinclination to enter fields that are “too” filled with women, and the slowdown in women making less traditional choices. (shrink)

En las últimas décadas, se han incrementado los estudios críticos acerca del vínculo entre el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger y de Walter Benjamin. Este trabajo intenta contribuir a este debate desde la perspectiva de la teología, problematizando su relación con la filosofía, su rol metodológico y sus derivas en la subjetividad en los escritos de la década del veinte de Heidegger y Benjamin. Este punto problemático al nivel de sus consideraciones teológicas permite conducir el análisis hacia la cuestión de la (...) temporalidad. Las lecciones tituladas Introducción a la fenomenología de la religión [Einleitung in die Phänomenologie der Religion], impartidas por Heidegger en el período 1920-1921, habilitan la introducción de nuevas líneas de discusión en torno a la teología y el tiempo -vinculadas a las tradiciones del cristianismo y el judaísmo- que permiten nuevos contrastes entre el pensamiento heideggeriano y el benjaminiano. (shrink)

ABSTRACTPrevious work on the contribution of family environments to adolescent emotion dysregulation has tended to focus on broad parenting characteristics ; however, it is possible that day-to-day variability in parenting may also relate to emotion dysregulation. The current study sought to test whether inconsistency in the quality of daily parent-youth interactions related to multiple indices of emotion dysregulation in adolescents. Two-hundred-twenty-two adolescents participated with one parent. Adolescents completed 14-days of diary reporting on the quality of interactions with their parent and (...) their emotion dysregulation experiences for each day. Analyses reveal that, beyond the effects of average interaction quality, adolescents with greater variability in the quality of their interactions with their parent reported greater average emotion dysregulation across the days of diary recording and demonstrated greater variability in thei... (shrink)

Recognizing that the presence of the Religious School Teaching discipline in public elementary schools in Brazil is a complex and controversial subject, it is of fundamental importance that alternatives be sought so that its offer takes place in such a way as to enable the emergence of conscious and participatory people in the process of transforming society. It was in pursuit of this objective that the authors of this article found in the category of conscientização, proposed by Paulo Freire, a (...) possible way for teachers of the Religious Education discipline of Brazilian public schools to contribute to the formation of autonomous citizens, with a critical conscience, capable of making their own choices, with full freedom. Methodologically, the article was organized using the See, Judge and Act method. This method of analysis allows us to look at the socioeconomic, political and cultural reality in which people are inserted, to confront a specific theoretical instrument, with the aim of proposing possible ways and alternatives for the promotion of a liberating education. Thus, in the first section analyzes two theoretical categories related to education, namely: banking education and liberating education. In the second section, an attempt was made to weave an approach around the category of conscientização, proposed by Paulo Freire. In the third section, the authors present possible paths of action for a liberating education based on the teaching of Religious Education. (shrink)

O meu objetivo com o presente texto é relacionar o conceito de justiça apresentado por Schopenhauer no §62 de O mundo como vontade e representação com um dos mais célebres romances fundamentais da literatura ocidental, Crime e Castigo de Fiódor Dostoiévski. Tentar-se-á explorar em que medida o personagem principal desse romance se aproxima das definições schopenhauerianas de arrependimento e de remorso. Para tanto, pretendo destacar a importante distinção entre esses sentimentos, a injustiça incursa na mentira e a justificação moral do (...) ato de vingança. Com isso, busca-se evidenciar a esperança dilacerada de Raskólnikov de ser o próximo Napoleão, o sentimento cada vez maior de culpa e o reconhecimento de não atender aos critérios de um homem extraordinário. A análise desses sentimentos de cunho moral diz respeito ao estudo da ética, que para Schopenhauer é extremamente relevante por se tratar da investigação das ações dos seres humanos que afetam cada um de nós. (shrink)

Review: Bernstein, Richard J. The Pragmatic Turn. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2012.

This paper contributes to our understanding of participation in the Eucharist by examining the swallow. The paper begins with a thick description of the swallow as act, as phenomenon, and as symbol. This description reveals the swallow’s interstitial nature, which is then examined for its implications on the meaning of participation in the sacrament. The paper then recommends approaches to the Eucharist for Catholics for whom swallowing is difficult or impossible. The paper finally incorporates these findings with the ex opere (...) operato doctrine, demonstrating participation as efficacious interaction. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 13.2 (Summer 2013): 253–262. (shrink)

This research aims at a dialogue between Theology and Psychology in order to understand the Catholic faith and their possible mobilization within the psychic processo of assimilation and elaboration of mourning, using the clinical history of two Catholic bereaved patients followed up in psychoterapy in their first years of bereavement as a concrete object of analysis in a longitudinal study. The Project is part of a historical and philosophical literature on death and then supplies from the contribuitions of Jurgen Moltmann (...) in the Theology of Hope, the psychoanalyst John Bowlby’s productions and his sucessor, the psychiatrist Colin Parkes on data about the mourning and recovery. Conclusively, from the analysis of the theological content found, it was established that the fight arouses intense and profound theological transformation process that reached three categories: faith, God and the Communion of Saints,causing changes that potentially infer the recovery conditions of the bereaved, as well as their way of being and living after the loss, pointing to the need for a differentiated listening to the data found on faith, against human care in bereavement. (shrink)

O horizonte da pergunta pela vida, em Heidegger, se dá no limite da compreensão da existência humana. Vida, para o filósofo, não é sinônimo de existência. Nosso artigo busca apresentar uma interpretação positiva possível desde essa caracterização negativa. Nesse intuito, evidenciamos, num primeiro momento, como a compreensão de si como ser-no-mundo, norteia e delimita a compreensão que o ser-aí tem dos animais e da vida (por extensão). Desde o conceito de mundo, apresentamos de modo resumido, num segundo momento, alguns pontos (...) da interpretação heideggeriana das investigações biológicas sobre a vida, em Os conceitos fundamentais da metafísica. Em um terceiro momento destacamos o modo como, para Heidegger, a originariedade da questão da vida provém do seu manter se no horizonte de compreensão da nossa própria existência como questão, em oposição à uma interpretação da vida como algo simplesmente dado. Por fim, concluímos que a vida não se encerra, não tem fim, nos limites apresentados, mas que justamente se abre, é abertura; e como questão está sempre aberta e exige sempre, a cada vez, novas respostas. Palavras-chave: Heidegger, vida, existência, mundo, questão. (shrink)

Desde las últimas décadas del siglo XIX el liberalismo económico ha ido progresivamente perdiendo consenso en las sociedades europeas lo que desemboco en un conjunto de reformas sociales a favor de los sectores trabadores, de ello no solo fue testigo participe la sociedad en su conjunto, sino también la disciplina económica. Sin embargo, desde allí en adelante se han generado intentos de retornos al liberalismo económico puro cuyo ascenso al poder se cristalizaron en la puesta en la marcha y sostenimiento (...) del modelo económico, político y social neoliberal en las últimas décadas del siglo XX. Su expansión alcanzó tanto a la sociedad política como a la sociedad civil, es decir alcanzo los espacios de poder estatal y se expandió en las creencias y formas de comprender lo social que permitieron sustentar y mantener las reformas aplicadas por el primero. En este contexto, este trabajo pretende rescatar el herramental analítico que el estudio de los intelectuales de Antonio Gramsci propicia para analizar de qué forma la disciplina económica ha contribuido a la construcción de esta nueva hegemonía, de este nuevo consenso, intentando analizar el modo en que ella ha conquistado un espacio disciplinar. (shrink)

Faculty learning communities are collaborative collegial groups of faculty and other teaching staff who are interested in and committed to the improvement of their teaching to accommodate a diverse student population through group discourse, reflection and goal setting. In this article, we describe our FLC experiences that were supported by a federal grant to ensure accessible learning environments on our campus. The project, Ensuring Access through Collaboration and Technology , sought to introduce faculty at a medium‐sized state university to a (...) pedagogical framework to provide universal access to the curriculum for all students and to encourage faculty to adopt accessible technologies. We describe the recruitment process, the FLC meeting structure, our intended outcomes and the challenges we faced in meeting them. (shrink)

Se buscó identificar las habilidades que debe tener un buen docente desde la percepción de futuros profesores. Se analizaron 1047 respuestas de estudiantes de pedagogía al ingresar a la universidad los años 2021 y 2022. Los resultados arrojan que los futuros profesores consideran el desarrollo de la ética y responsabilidad, la empatía y el manejo del comportamiento de los estudiantes en la sala de clases como las habilidades más importantes a desarrollar en la universidad. Se concluye que tener habilidades para (...) interactuar es más importante que el dominio conceptual para ser buen profesor según este grupo de futuros docentes. (shrink)

This paper examines one aspect of professional practice for bioethicists: managing conflicts of interest. Drawing from our qualitative study and descriptive analysis of the experiences of conflicts of interest and/or conflicting interests (COI) of 13 Canadian clinical bioethicists (Frolic and Chidwick 2010), this paper examines how bioethicists define their roles, the nature of COIs in their roles, how their COIs relate to conventional definitions of conflicts of interest, and how COIs can be most effectively managed.

Antonio Gramsci is one of the major social and political theorists of the 20th century whose work has had an enormous influence on several fields, including educational theory and practice. Gramsci and Education demonstrates the relevance of Antonio Gramsci's thought for contemporary educational debates. The essays are written by scholars located in different parts of the world, a number of whom are well known internationally for their contributions to Gramscian scholarship and/or educational research. The collection deals with a broad range (...) of topics, including schooling, adult education in general, popular education, workers' education, cultural studies, critical pedagogy, multicultural education, and the role of intellectuals in contemporary society. (shrink)

Written in the form of a personal letter to John Dewey, the author quotes from Dewey's works and reflects about how his writings have meaning for today's educators.

Predenville discusses the historical, artistic, and critical contexts in which painting has taken a realist turn. Color illustrations.